Cherokee Advocate. (Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, Indian Terr.), Vol. 3, No. 47, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 22, 1873 Page: 1 of 4
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TAIILEQUA1I C11EI10KEE NA’i SVir?TAY’ALiKCH2213:’iT
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UTVP TTT-
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tw rt ok
FrMrat f Uh Jbaa Mim
AmM Ik BDI M'GikHkk IM
The Wa Terrltvrj ( Oktekai
ronght
To the Congress of the United State
The undersigned delegates repre-
- Eight o :'nt‘nS their respective cations of
-irhisl t“dyn Territory ' 'would respect-
i “ - fully beg leave to cell' the attention
‘Ound ove jf jovu-b3uorabie body to theinter-
( f the-Ui at of their people whii-hondajr
s-Topekt h® most solemn treaty ouiigviitttm
' -v' rave been plaoed'uodortho care ot
v ' roar Government for protection
ii the 10th ultimo wd had the hou-
Vann be t Qf submitting -to- Congress e pro-Vrae-of
th against the bill ' i R ’ Ho'
returned “®3&) pendiog ii '
rarts flu eseDtivo8‘ reported' by Mr Fnr-
' itr of Missouri from the Commit
irlrtion on Territories on the ?d of 'lest
'Jheroke- lay Oar attention has since been
ten by t ttraotea - ta two ' additional i bills
‘aaVaseJ posing to iterritorializoour ebon
y without the consent of our poo-
may hold 'an international -ooiiooil other property ’of eon-reaidetita be Indians only
or confederation of the “1— —
fully preserving
d the tribes care-j taxed highertban the lands ot other lauds and the remainder to
their' tribal ' rola-j property of residents and sad legig-! companies and entirely Ign
ihlBllu been tinria - I&iivA ftnAinhlv Axil not Kava hn BAfiitiM CVa Vsa
tions- And all this- has been done - lative assembly shall not have pow- settlors We have a perfoot fee-
JOy gOUP TfUlN ‘ Tkft AAnnnvt tneats t an Ia ama Ia Am r — 7 1 a ! l i!il 1 1 ’ I
years ' The oouootl meets J er to oreate private ’ corporation by
annually It wae established by ! speeial acts or- to oonf'er upon such
the Executive Department and has corporations special rights pririlo-
been indorsed by Congress every ges or franchises by audit acts but
year sinoe by annual appropriations-it shall be lawful for such assembly
to pay Its expenses The treatise to enact - general laws under whioh
themselves are the' organic aot or — — — -1 — ’
this Council L - v-ci-r A i
The proposed legislation is neither quiremsgts organise theirt selvas into
3635) pendiog in the House of Rep-' into oue heterogeneous 1 mass- bound
together only by the ‘arbitrary will
of Congress '-w--
f a'ftlw— one introduced into the House
f'0 i'T Mr Parkw(No 8086) o the 0th
'" Rutimo and the ether into' the Seo-
( J(Ai gl&srtSMr ' Poii eroy of Kansas on
11 1513000 (tl (No 12-14 1' Ws have en-
dian vrar V 10 iaine' 'proposed
i i jtion with tmpartial r justice to
j a half ooernedi and wo jars oonBdont
fndian I he have 'donP 80 f -and without
j been iwj- -ing any-'disipeci to the Gov-
a j runjent ws that all of these
Cmtorial projeots areAike most the
it iiAvurms pro3Jw of? vuts
ra thora flat hi for the last several
i L ’ ears - bdjsn defeated ih Congreea
od if rtheir-subjeot-nratterj becomes
dayfr j jttW of the United States the In-the-efi
'Vifable-cent)tlwiOU be the deatruo-
audw 'on of the-existing' Indian feoUgyrat fosihu Jiitereeta f
a flAitakAmAiit aP a a i i ifetAA A A ma4 tin AAii aImW A An A A ' jutAnivfl1' nw
jPuite
numb
The-Indians do nOt ‘destra ik
They -know their -’ own $ intorests
They are not wild untutored sav-
ages" The five large tribes arwoll
advanced - in- f oiviliiation I They
have their ’ laws and ' eonstitutiouar
courts and slieriOk judges and ju-
rore -ychools and - 'ehurcbes bibles
and newspapers"' Under’-their pres-
ent form and - system of government
they V are v rapidly inoreasing' b
wealth population and- civilisation
and this cao be said of- no other In-
dians and no other system of Indian
government All ' over this broad
continent the ! history of the Indian
for two centuries is a - history of bar-
bariam and rapid deoay - with this
one - exception-' And ' we are seked
now to striko down the last and' only
hope lor the Indian on this continent
Not for the good of the ludian8hut
he Government of our Indian ns-
ieualities and ‘ finally of ‘ tha Indi-
es themselves with-an ‘absorption
tPx otho Government-and 1th citizens
nieut ill the '-lands:-mines v and other
"by it ' report y- of the 'Indians'" That we
1 sre juBtified rin this 1 ootmollpb- we
oed refer ? you to the reports
from the Committee on Territories
lecompanying euiJ bill Nd i!G35
lud to the" bills ‘themselveit’': Thee
leporie are 'meant of coarse asex-
Tiooehts of 'this territorial agitation
lintf show - tfie most charitable view
Lf tFjasubjoct -' taken' by t those who
AMnnshiuirit' forward T'l
Brep ashing it forward The major
fry report aaysf' sftef expSressing the
Ldicf thai !'e Jnt uii't'-r eonsuijra-
‘' sire ii-oa veil
fuu -'x outJ3TS'3it ehonge
i cun doubklB' ' V Theobjeot
rgpiaad by this- substitute h'phrted
k OOimuittLO ia prui
X “ ‘Suited ‘Territokyj of roaaouabie ex-
1rt (cut '“wltliiu whioh -all - the Indian
was tribes tDhich'now stand in the way
dolVl" civilization of the country cau hi-
Ulierod'’ ' The Govorimeoi
ier’otofore' has always eitdeuvoreJ
o keop the 'Indions and- the whiter
vhp rurro traded them soparate The
'ftition at this time 'may be per
icutly baked H'tkis polUyvCan be
xjutiaued- It ia hopeless to eXpeet
has civilization and all ‘its attend-ilit-'things
pud beefita-‘wUl Stop
ml j border of a barrier -so fregilo
mil i opposed to the progress of the
timj rand the demands of the hge
It ii h conolusion ' already - demoo-
Btritd that whether right or oromj
these Indian tjauds wiU become the
abode of civilization Over all these
jluuds wholly ' 'indifferent- "to th
righlS of the Indians— some’ attracU
ed by' the' aUbreiuenta of foil and
elimuto soufe- by a restlees’Bpirit ol
adventure some by a feverish spirit
of speculation— will Very - soon
Spread a hardy' daring and deter-'
mined pioneer population"- V It
is ar foregone -oouohiiion 1 that -'the
better security' of the Indians and
the' safety of 'the whites' demand
some totlior eystenf of noVermueut
for that Territory than toe one now
jixwtcoffu there We believe that
wise or expedient because It pro-
po6es taf blecd’-gainat -thBifwjil
twenty tribes ' withr- difforent :1a wa
languages' cusoms :? and interests
not this odunfry’broad anough for
all? Does not-' the “boundless
West” still' Invite the emigrant?
Ad the Middle States are not evoq
yef iiilod' -Ts the lodiuu to have no
reetiog plaoei for his "wcury feet?
Mast he be pushed to " burned de-
struction ?'”Ar - j d
The real root ' of ihia movemeflt-
eprings from- the feet "that Congress
in an nuwise moment- granted many
millions of cores bclouging'to these
ludiaua to '' railroad corporations
contingent on the extinction' Of the
Indian Hllo --Aial uow these soul-
resaoorporatious Jioyor Tite groody
eormOfadt oVer this Territory and
iucite (’engross to remove' all res-
trspt And ujWrtiwto swoendpwn
aud swallow- oaet twenty-three ini-
UUiiuin
edthen the 'resort will - be as every
oue knows tkau the ‘tribes wilt be
brokhu up' the railroad oompauies
Will obtain must of tlie-waluable
lauda pf -the -Territory and tbeTn-
diaos will oruthod aud overwhelmed
by the tide of rode - pioneer popula-
tious that will pour iu' upon them
hud ‘ why must wo do f this? In
order that corporations maybe eu-
riuhod nod railroad stocks advanced
tu Wall Biroet ? - or is R as bus been
Wy in- afforded ' by the sub-
us reported by- the commit
lions arras of the land :-of this Tarri
lory deetroyiugaiikatbe -last hope
of the Indian and the honor of the “T 16 That no disposition shall
u u i in minim- w 1 1 t— j irdn wufluu this Ter-
if is L - U Ml L MlAAn ASII 1 Nv
such oorporationa for ipining menu
faoturlDg ’aud other todultrial par-
sulU'of for the-atoblishnfeotof re-
ligious benevolent chsritlble'or li-
terary soSietios ' ' r- ' ‘
t ' What is meant by the expression
in this section llut no law shall be
Sassed interfering ' with the primary
ispoeal of the soil The meaning
is evident that the Legislature of the
proposed Territory’ shall' not inter-
fere with any disposition pf oar soil
heretofore made by Congress and
the reference ip clearly 'to tho con-
ditional land grants- in ’ouV country
made to certain - railroad companies
aggregating 28000000 aorcs- In
acoord with this idea we refer you to
the expression id the'' section imme-
diately following-the' eitraot above:
“Nor shall the lands or other pro-'
perty of non-rosidenta be faxed high-
er than the -lands or other property
of residents”-- This is plainly an ad-'
mission that non-residents have lands
in opr ooubtry: ( Whut -luiids? Con-
ditional land grants' tbit will mat-
ure under this Territorial legislation
What non-residents ? Railroad eon
paTatftZt£YooaAtivHroW' unity
of diem are there ? 7 They will pro-
bably -aggregate- BOO -men -'-that if
the bill passes will realise tor noth-
ing 23000000 aoroaV of the finest
land in -America v And as ’ if to
make the monopoly of this landgrab
ooroplete this sootion provides furth-
er that theLerislature of tho Terri-
tory shall posslawB to eetablisii cor-
porations only -for: “mining manu-
facturing and othor industrial pur-
suits or for the establishment of re-
ligious benevolent charitable or li-
terary societies excluding railroad
corporations and the prohibiting
tbeir creation by i tha v 'Territorial
Legislature-':
We next inyito atjjention to Mr
the others the laud' feature of -that
bill is the most iroportuetjone— which
is section sixteen us fojlpws s'
part of their own V idl'd
railroad
gnorc the
We -have
simple title to Our ' lands and we re
spec t fully submit that Congress has
no more right to take them away from
us than it lias to dispossess every
real estate holder K thia city That
tje do have a fee-simple ‘ title to our
lands we - respectfully refer ( to the
late deoision of your Supreme '(
in the case of lloldoa vs Joy w b
doolaree aa follows : A-j r :
''--‘a A -"
‘ "Indeed treaties have been 1 ‘
bjrdie Uuid States' with t1
an tribes ever sinoe the -7
formed ot whioh numerous
urb to be fbund ln the sovanth vol-
urao ofjthe publio statutesmOhero-
kee Nation vsj- ' Oebriga 6 Pet IT
Woftbster vs Georjga 6 Pet 543)
Indian tribes are states in aoer
thin eeosei though not foreign Statos
or States of the Uuited 8tates wilh-
in the meaning of thesooond jeoth
of the third artidta of the Constiu
tion which extends the judicial power
to controversies between two or tnore
States ’ between a Statp'i and oitiiens
of another State betweej eitizensAf
different States and between a Stu o
or the citizens thereof and fori '
states oitizens or aubjeota ’ T'
are not statos within1 the meant r
any one of these clauses ot the (
stitntion and yot in a oortaiu don
tio sense: nod for'oerlajni touui-' ul
purposes they 'arb statos V ve
been uniformly' so treated j the
settlement of -Bmt-wrougliout
its -Listory au mor-
oug treaties made with them rev ize
thera as a people capable of main-
taining the relations-of peaoe aqd
war of being responsible In tbolr
political oharaetor fbr any violate
of thoir engagemeuU or -for any ag-
gression committed on- the' 'oitizens of
tho United State by- any individual
of their community
Laws have -boon oiiaoted by Con-
gress in the spirit of those treaties
and the sots of our government -both
in the executive sod legislative de-
partment plainly rooognizo such
tribes or uutiona as states and the-
Courts of the Uuited States are boiiiid
by those aot--Doe vs Uradce It)
How 635 ) Follows vs RIuoksmith
Express powesis given to the Pre-
sident by and -with the advico aud
oousont of too Senate ’ to mako -ffH'-ties
provided two-thifdz of thVr
v
riiory until individual sdftsisnnijro a tors present ' oonour” and maa)h
yided for by law or treaty stipTOw MUhpower is gWon in general
tion for all the inembors of the Sev-
eral tribes shall have beOu mado and
approved by the Secretary of the la- jji its soopo it u-UHi ha assumed that
terior aud no' homestead or proemt-ri c — i- in
iou eluiuianta ahull be allowed under
this uot to settle and claim any por-
tion of said Territory -uor aboJl this
aot be construed to authorize the
immigrwtiou aod eottleineot into said
ihefraimrsof tho Coiwt'ituliou idem-
cdthatrit should extend tc all those ob-
jocts 'which in tho lultiroourso pf na-
tions bad usually - been regarded as
the proper' Bubjeots - of’ negotiation
aud treaty it - not inconsistent with
nrged iu or Jar to ‘-aid the progress’ io the final disposition iof tho land
i s
f-
Ms bill will have theeffuet
i ' raie them (the Indians)
i dignity i '"e'-an c-lil’a-
aiii thtj : ia tho'r own
u'jipoi'i ’ i i!e shape of ?-l-
re' ’
- -V 11 " ’ J J
I fa nmdo w itb theus
v quotations from (he
irl it is tnanifoBtly clo-ir
' ro amply supported
’ ' ” nt tlie lngvItioe
I w:t aud
' i7toiup-
nvormnenls
the United
a control of
-Tua in our trsatios
mute the people eitiaens of
ulltd “titei and settle among
ii th white' If ny further
'if Is o--ocaory wa rwpectlully
j-yr ationtion to the follow-
‘ Tract frunl the minority re-(-fiiuutho
Commit toe on Torri
sultniiiej by Mr MuKee of
Itipi lteferring to th ub-
j J x eccddaralUin that reput
of oivilimtieoSdhat 'We are called
upon to brealc ' Bofexm oompaot und
treaty stipulations ? "Surely we are
oot the apestloa of any euon eiviliza-
tion which' seeke ‘progress through a
breach of fuUh which evon barbarians-
abhor - -l-
The Indian title which these rail-
road companies 'seek - to destroy it
net the ' ordinary “Indian title"
The five large tribes hold their lauds
iu “fee simple “ so expressed in their
deed A These lands Wore ' bought
aud paid for or 'exchanged foiv with'
the Government of the- United States
and thoy 'hold the same patent for
their lands that any white man holds
for lands ' he may have purchased
from the United States’ Thoir title
is uot a grant of undefined scope of
territory' It it a -deed - describing
the land accurately even to the 14
100 part qf an sere - - 1
It cannot be denied that this mea-
sure is only Bought' by thoso with
s'orei tri -feourhy of Indian righto
sisl ihn Improvement ci-th ladia
rc is tnl u secondary nouiiideratio
—--'-r i J tn-r-T lured t all- r
j wbi b J - V- ' - iVe oiroumstanoee it is evi-
‘ ' I' radical' change ’ inthe
political -'system of these Iodises U
not at present called for It is cer-
tain that they through their proper
representatives are opposed to -it
aud regard such measure as aggres-
sive in theif character and dangerous
to their iotereeto aod "pror-peri ty
— yM wwmauiiavui iuw wimw tui AiiVW ij is 1 UUS tuuuuotovwn USMI
Territory and all nuof:tions relating The nature ofuurGcvecnmaat-aod
IA k (l -ll-l ml I Am k ll-M I A 1 k A A lfM LaI m-aa— La tl I A AM A— l)
within this Territory loot selected
and occupied by Indians (and those
entitled to ssleoHty virtue of their
relations to the ' tribes) shall be re-
served and held for' fed Subsequent
legislation - by Congress ’ And thiii
act shall not be construed to effect in
any way the- title or occupancy by
the Indians of any " portion of the
lauds withm said Territory but- the
title to tho same and tho righto of
11 parties claiming any of said lands
shall be -aod remain the same as
though this act had not passed" v
-By a olose inspeotioiTof this Seo-
tion three things Will appear:
' -First "'That the Indians and some
other party are provided for in the
distribution of bur lands-’ A-: ' f V
- Second That pre-emption claim'
acts or settlers so-called aro exofud
ed from the Territory - ' l'"
Third That aa between the In-
dians and the other 'elaimanto' Con-
gress shall settle- all ooutrovorsiea
about vacant lands' '
-—A to the first p ropes! tion i'" That
pari of lUyseuUuu- providing that no
disposition shall be made of our lands
until after individual - selections are
made implies that the ’ Indiana will
uot get all of their 1 land j leaving a
remainder to be made a “disposition"
of to other parties thao the Indians
Ax to 'the Beoond- proposition
That part of the section providing
ihut “no homestead or - pre-emption
oloiinanta shall be allowed under this
The most that a judicious policy act to settle end (Jioint any portion
would at present- seem to indicate i of said Territory aor shall this aot
would - be the creation of a court 1 be construed to authorize the immi-
such a is oonumplntod by tlioir : grsliou and settlement into said Ter
ireaties and the judidouaTtrooor-! ntoryl excludes- most plainlv all
agemant of the present iniortrilml JihftWs Iron any port of the Terri-
government - until it -can bo able to lory "
gather tliese eonQiotlng elomect in
terin- Without any dp-wlptiou of the
objects mtemled tobeeinbraoedwth-
the relation between the States aud
the Uuitod States-rHplraos - vs
Joonison etl 14 Fet 569 jl
Kent's Com 166 2 ' Story on Con-
st seo 1508 7 Hamilton's Works
501 pBuer’s Jurtsp 228 '' s
i Beyond uoubt the Cherokeee were
the owners and oecupanto ol the ter
ritory whore they resided before the
first approach or civilized man to the
western contiueut deriving their title
as they - cluimcdi from the Great
Spirit to whom the whole earth be-
longs and they were unquestionably
toe sole and exclusive masters of the
territory and claimed the right to
govern themselves bythoir own Iu ws'
usagos and eostoms f —
Guided by oautioal skill eutor-
prlsiug navigators were' conducted to
the New 'World'-' They found it
says Marshall ' Ch J in poseessio
rota
righi
of tl
flute
Clio
vtei
Vti(u
of I
uter
n'll tv lb'
oror ) 'r 'i
ether v
as tho g-iti
aequi -I
the ev'i
purchc 4
subject
and eye
title to to'
Enough)
ed to show?
tqthc UiijJ
wore
thoir
memorte
agcsijlk-r'
kaowij 1 ' w
ably flu
only to i
chasa hr-as'auei-the
rig':
snooeast
bibit (1
other
and
fairt-il a!
Statos j U 1
’Evidiflil
keep tgiire
sale to' tbs
chase fhe
veyod to th
of thotrea:
that thd tit
the L traot'
neutral bra
filuto pill (
and ill co t
’-Title (a
fi-ir” og
I andinpite
natural
possessors
frefij timc nembrlat
p oonditior imposod by
tor 7of tf oontinent
wtoemfrBm intercourse
r governmout than that
msfivoret of the partio-
idq rimed TW oould
-nv
j
jy
to
Jte itneut of tlu
fA ould'not er
'hoBtai'or thoir
npjit of- -thed-in-’
tii? ib of their disco
e-emption rig’
rth right to ezoliulo the
jfhor guvoroments
P' iwC-from acquiring
' ‘
ady been remark-
toe lands cohvoyod
f a tea by the treaty
lie ' ChorckooU under
Jteaoqulvcd by im-
oi6n' ’r6oinfiienhitog
New World ' was
I nyin- Unmistak-
s absolute eubjoot
option right Of pur-
l'd)) the United States
'of jUreat Britain and
1 - e their part a such
dieoovpter to pro-
of th - lunar to-any
'pthwcgoverum
rcnep-T?- tooit
upon
i less desirable portions of
j domain and has generally
red - by them w$h fevor
uiinary sto-'to )he organi-
uoh V it will be
fldians Dow
proper size
Aimed to fliem iu
to- be used iotf th
other friendly Indjpoe
be iuade ip the hnMMU-atejiiivj4jte-TiuduoevWfroifir)val
of
' "SSraeny peaceably disposed ludiaut
to the- Indian Territory ' as oan bo
properly settled without disturbing
the harmony of’ those already there
Thera is no other -location hoW '
available where a people endeavor
tng to aoquire knowledge of pastoral
aud agricultural "pursuits- oau 'bo aa
well aeoomodated as upon the onoo-
cupied lands in the Indian Territory
A territorial government should
however ( protect the ludioua from
the inroads of - the whitoe for a tonn
Of years until they beoome sufficiently
auvanoed iuthe' -arts and oivilizatien
to guard their owtr riahtsand flrpm
the disposal pf the laud held by them
for the same period -fc r a i-(
r iAlso in jus lotter of Oetobor 26
be ' gays to llonorablo George Jtf
Stuart
Erxctmti MAWioif'- '
WxsJnwerojtD C October 26
To Geo H 'Stuart1 "t ' -ji'-A'-tA
kiv n yv i -a : i1av—
LaAIiL 1a a
'U-nfu 'vs Uuili--1 tbe 24th instant saying that a oimtran
- J n ua inJij li:'
United Sij iw A
isimu pui-1 L(£m the Freuoh Re-
public' MP iffooty between the
' " it' iiVfhe - Freuoh Re
Uitof E a
Uuited States sod Tor
ritonoa 'are eitkar' -civilized or par-
tially oivilizod tyd'the records show
that uudor their present treatment
toey ooiumit a'jBurallcr oumWof
serious crimes'-gainst the whit1
than an equal hurnber of white" mea
iu any part of ‘the western Country
oominil against -saoh other
There feuts (earn to be but little
kuownj and jrhon toe telegraph an-
ahlte man ho been
kulod by lajuu--mc-rTTc"i at-
taOh tlia guilt to the wtfofcTWJo--A
Well might they hold the olorgy and
merohanti'of 'ow York personally
guilty of the i daily murdors there
oomruittod aud express It doeire for
thoir “aAermiuatioD" -'
Hie oouvietlon of the Board toot
it is the imperative duty of theGov
eminent to adhere to its treaty slip
ulationi with the oivilizod tribes c(
the Indian Territory “and lo protect
them against attempt - upon : their
country for v the settlement of 'the
white have J uudergone no change
The idetr that the ludian title to the
reservation in the territory is ever to
he extinguished should bo abandoned
and j any '-oongreadonal ‘legislation
whiph would seom tollrhaveontem
"plated snob possibility ought fo be
repealed'’’— - - ‘ ‘ — — '
n-r
TllMllnlVDi(f-u
A a article in t y& Xtcye
givveaouia ourkiuv f remcvunif '
the "wild te-ari 1-ado" iu to UuitoJ - '
btatua One inni ia th is cily nK'no- c
polbj lfl witirs fcw vi ! j L a-" 1
portiH-stt-W(r'i-jiLvi‘'i'v ot’ -wild
beast and bird frcraiia ol j' h
to a guloci-plgr fio j) nn esirtth to a
Java spiirrcW 1)‘
of a Xuerii ric
repairs to Vi' -
ry I ) F‘ ' tv ’ V hs’wault
prefer so l r n-j Uatte c
rA4 Vy o i r V
hi fenny aa i ite t
mill aums oJ U iriurod y
pod to'whorcvfcr L tea' -nor
caravun ra:j tij-ptm to bo‘ i
Alrioan lieu U wanted a dUpob at
rraoe la rent to Ci'r-te-nif beraoj
barrel rratfns or rhinooircam are its
demand ordors are at oinJereut out
to ship to Now-Fork all caa’b
bought or founds “ - q ' e
mIJJJU r-- ia the lndiaU policy oTithe AJmilir
tlorefoo the 0hw stragioiuavreipovted'- to be' ro’itjciti-
ilnrtentyto f'makoth plated - is just rooeiyedv-'-Such
ledStotM and to put- thing has not been - thoubVpa-—
ds t agreed to Be eon- tin presont 'poltejfA' wffWTTnd inn
' -the second srtiolo oan be improved:0 anjuoay 1 will
th parties oonoede always ready to receive ags“
4 : Uuited States to && on tbs-subject f huUfny
I os the (sicecrjaliir8e ia -made at mutt no on tb
—tcoCsod'Wiuf' aide of centralization ana ooloniza-
- — — ua of ' to Indians ' I do hot be
lieve our Gres ter ever planted differ-
ent race of men 'on this earth with "a
View of baring the stronger exert all
hie energies in the -extermination of
Indian Territory was about 270066
v-TMe year tbe amount in
erensciffAutt-toat the ‘tp v Lr
crop is good 'mav ! i' ’
the fact that sy
lh felt cl Ue - t !
w reuure i 1
'“The roan empIoyiTTiftoan mon lu j t
Asia and Africa to be on the' lookout' ‘-1 f
andoateh fbr him whatever iswantol --j
As thoro are mbi than thirty men:
agarlter traveling ''over' the country 'j
each of which lose oerteifi "pcrcoitA J f
pcrcutt -
tags of animals euoh y- rji tills gon
inesied -r-v--- Uemanhaxbualnw eimv-hjyendi
In 1871 the coltou-tfSpr tee sat(jk lt u -
CUO yoar
panr-x! I'
I inn o i v f
We tra told th i -a a
the weaker v if spy leWmre taWsr yar show an' additional marked in
Indian iT ' ' orvase inf population acres- of land
tl r 1 1 xamI Alii tiviitn J 1 nJtLii!nA kwenl
tonanuca
200 i-
f A h
VtW
given j-1--ref
- u 1
same ko
- View il
of ihojtij
land in 4-
Slid tiiut ' '
Cord 7 ’
Aply
thia Qio
suppurt of j
WiNmm
at Largo
fejeti’of cH-ationiksre
Substantially -the
r1-
light the pourt is
t t the title of the
-nty js in the upetloe
I juo error in the fe-Vl-'A''S
nclploe adopted in
-reasons givon in
wlinov to- tho ease of
t Ware V James F
-Joy" ltiri OXl'tnljUeeTrec
and )! '-jr jiF itot Ike decree iu that
ease i0 lie affirmed as the
plcadlti w Vif'taotilly toe same
a Ijn) J'ffrjr-’tdcoil-jd and the
stipiAf p'
JltipU
oourtfei'J
demurrer-l
made
furthif f
’ Ue lrrfi
Iwo'durejlp
of people who had made small pro-
gress in agriculture or manufactures
aud whose general employment was
war hunting and fishing Expedi-
tions were fitted out by all the great
marititoP-rio — 4M4 -Wri-1
and they visited many parts of the
newly discovered cpntineut and each
made claim to suoh part of the coun-
try as they visited -' Disputes arose
and eonfiiete were ia the prospect
which made it nseessary to establish
some priDcipfe which all would ac-
knowledge and which should decide
their repective right in case of coe-
fliotiog pretensions - lofiuenced by
these considerations they agreed that
discovery sbtuld determine the ri t
that difloovery ’ should give title to
the government by whose sobjects
or by whose authority it was made
against all other 'government and (
that the title so aoquirod might be
ooasummated by pOHsessioo— fohu-1
sod vs Molutoah 8 Wheat 573!
An a -weoesrary oonsequeDoe the J
Snnoiple establishad gave to to ua-
"purinw Is that the
:r aud Lutertmno tho
Atm the 'agreemente
'case pad - without
4 in ach of those
! i- vS - -
t
''X to this deoision
applying -a p r! Gherokees' apply
also 'to Sv jL'I'itf) Indian nations and
tribe i rriuiitry gd we invite
your 4 iyt itteu)ion to that part
of the -ir that assert y
"Oqyt i there are i)xtny '
Afe a fe:- f j tij held that a
eg lo a grantee a
h lands without an
conferring it j and
s no constitutional
or interfere with
caties except in case
-1
advocacy of this
7 'iil---pvua we believe
ourjandc llA-hrt
1 staudi-pg in fee way
I oivilizutcyj add that
iian policy 1 a feilurt
t VuJ U H GaxHt a r
e While wo do not indorse" the Pro-
sideut’a tdea-ofuttoiyitkihl govern
meqt over our people TV Jlh i J theft
consent v we have this to say that
from bis message be ts not in favor
of Such a government as these bills
propose ’ It is but jaslioe to observe
iu his message that he (ays as a
preliminary step to suoh a govern-
ment uiauy other Tribes of Indians
should be oonoeotratod in the Indian
Territory and - their lands - allotted
in fee whioh of necessity will require
'’ wprli nf vftnjflapd iu thsreean
time hoUsKKratimradspifootion t0 the
Indians from' the iutrusioD of - the
whites ' -' - '
The Soorctayy of the Interior in
hi yeport for 1872 says t " '
''re - ( ' " ’v -
' Mcfflhred by any true standard the
protent lndinn pelioy of the Govern-
Uiont has proved a success inasmuch
as for three years it -has seoured the
largest and freest - exfention and de-
velopment of our railwoy aud from
tier pottlcinoate which was possible
andor- tbe 'cirouiusfanoes&ith ‘ far
lees Ions of ’ life and property than
Would have boon suffered under any
other pfenjjf dealing with the
fictile end roiling tribes beyond the
Missouri river Ja our intuvvourae
with the Indians W must be boras in
mind that w are the more peworfhl
party aud have uniformly regarded
the Indians a the words of tut pa-'
tion ' re' -
y-fa-f eA ' :
The reservation system withdraws
the great body of the - Indians from
the direct path of onrindustrial pro-
gress and allow thaworknf smivto-
tstiimdoU of our railways
to go forward up fell limit of
the capauHies of oapital aud itnmV
rctwn vriih absolutely no chock or
legation of inter ca'C'l
U to sudinit tbeevt- U'-UiiimUicn o esoouut of Indian
fiosidcnt thoSocroUryjlxwtiiityi actual or arpreluindcJ
- — ’ ’’ - -allway wbi
ivsLjr to $5 0 ®250 And $XU0 I
Although any addition to tho force'
of toe fects will seem noodluas ft
is but just to remark that the eivilis-
ed'lndmns ot the territory had thoir
lunds devastetodpnd thoir industrloe
paralysed -during the war of tho re-
bolliou in the same relative piopor-
tion os other part of the Bouth find
have not frilly - recovered - from the
effects and that the ‘report of this
WtiiJB Ut jjlVUlttWVIIa BUI VI !
cultivated' production and wenth
-"The partially ' ff’v’liu'i trtera
lTttmWW ufeMduOULJfeiilx kt 'u
in proporViud to- paplatiQPj reoic S
schools and with Iar2erattcaJnM
morff-ohurehes ohnroo members and
ministers -and pond far more of
their own money for - ndnniiflm tevrr
the people of l‘ WtTltery of a the
United 8itea Life and 'property
are more Safe ahiong them and there
are fewer-i violations’ of law than In
tho Territpricwi f ' '
The Cherokee- with a population
15000 have two ' boarduig-sohools
and sixty dcy-Sohools (three of which
are for the ohildreu of freedmen)
vrith a aVorage attendance of 2648
ala sustained st a cost of ?25-
laef 'yeatTT' T u '
telfho GilOfcfff usiulnrriug 15006
hare - tolee missions snkl 20c6 1
church members and as- tvrv I
Sunday Ahool attendunce of 46 i I w olbcr n
They h one boardtog-school d lboraw
tnirtyrcns day-schools' attended by
860 pupils at r'Oostwft 114258 for
tho past year-
- The Choataws ' and Chiokasxws
numbering 20000' have throe ‘ mis-
sions and 2500 eburoh members
They ha'vo two boarding-schools and
forty-eight neighborhood day-schools
Thirty-aix of these are sustalnod by
the Chocfews at a ost of f 3000
f’nurtoo by tbs Chickasaw at a cori
of 888000 Icjtyejr -
Ve h ve the ahcfl" Ifom th-
evidonoc nf the-l’rc t art bfej
exceutire'i ollicer for wiJUdfeo'
service thntw oriS'tTot ‘fetandiuglu
the way Of iviliatl0b(V bat 'repnily 1
marching lu the way of progress-'
Four Government asked us to be-
come oivilizod "and we are beoomiiig so
We have adopted your form of gov-
ernment ' lye have embracod your
kept OUT ohlifi-v
fDtoV IftGCV Ub ii
socure the cubs or t- -is lions
to her don and then v aitiog UU She - j
goo for food seize the 'pportoni-
ty of kilting tho cubs Iu qipiuriug' j- 2
elephaut thoy drive them ‘old and v r
young into aa enclosure hamatriug 'j
the ejd ours so a to double theta ' (-’ J
from jirotecting their ci Ive tud - -jt
thon easily wouie tee yojmg oq :yi f '
An AlVicira L rauiauds a tlgUer’ "jit
ptioe in foe ket than sjs''Aitie ' '
lion ou aooouut of his uj oX vm -V'
and commanding spposr'
lustra is mu-kt-ui-r arid
that of his A hrcdiyT
hicok 17ie quaL’j I of f ‘‘V
1-0 U)fI-toa-tt of to() Viilun ot ''j
i"-i Ai--Ar ':u lioffjJrv'U fur ! 1
tV’'D an A lo ooe culy f20O'iw 1
Th vuiie with ti -'ra Royal -Iten- -V J
oanndud 83000 X " pair I ‘f
Camels and dmuodurios brlug ahoct ‘ ' j
1 1200 ftpteeb but white Oamelshave -i
been sold at 2500 eocte A tfrad '
ostrich can h boujhi for abont
8400 j elophonlij" from 80006 to k
88000 hornuj Lut though they v
aro really only a variay of satelopo1- J I
from $100 upward -"jiiviga
"A very fair mauegorfo may be' -a
fetiMhVlvl fVtV llrOMO hut ertma
atooVod for 850)001 but some' v’il
few of the giant shows -value thulrte ''te i
stock of amnlati at 'fhswsq'" v ’
time lbf figurer" Te
vnlsw at alt The yid j nubidfeia' J2l W
sUuffrect earsrswa fit
mart approximate
ira-tosJJAAAV!
wiiuuT it oirtd :
'many kept lu euhflacmont"’ j
‘ o-— - ' V'u
i f a Wattri RcMIIL ’ - ’ ’t
in a the Commissioner of
ind of the Bpard of
j Commissioners'
dent in his message to
’ lo body says :
I DUN
There i cot a mile ot railway which
hs sothonly td 1W tot it construc-
tion and ter kith th op!lt slnivlr
ready which In' uubuit to-duy by
ronton of Indian iack Ttwre
not a family - io tho Dual or oeaS-
“14V I ( StWW r J I J am VMM -
j which was adopted at arrived from Europe which it Je-
X of thia Administation 'airoua of a western aoltJeuiruit hul
tho ouiwgmneat ofl®tn locate iteulf Jo sufily rii jujLfw
been xi sucuoriul H j land at way point from O-uaha to
i-g-—
tiom with your
aked of uT Our people are your
vrorda andthelr wexin-a should bo
their strength- d"he - Terrinituil
moatures for our country preJmg
before Congrcra are ruinou to our
people ana In violation of the houor
of your Government pledged to our
people in tho mutt acr-i manner
Inown to civil Ised-nation And w
In th name of our people prut- -x
’win't'thn and pray yen net to
’ Eighty year ago Alexander Ham-
ilton uttered this remarkable predic-
tion : 1‘lt' the Federal gororument
should lose its authority civil wars
would cortoiuly follow” Tin IV-d-Srol
-govern in on t did In il authority
and civil war f1!’ J :-c'
the last oooMlon a c: i jn
forcnno of to? C-ir‘ j
duration onj d
ait wkuul a i -!'
rr hiatery L'nv- c:u
m
it
f’l
' rculte ia
I in t’ o pfl-jui
it- rtf'v-
crntncui rawuii a)-' - ''t u ‘ th1' iH
soikiwityreoediin it ty c-- iff
tt’ a sod miaih of kfhtch Wv
been usurped by’ toe Hiatus gmMrn-
menu othor and even move a-fe ' '
di-sonsions will are A'-roidy ihe I
te
farnuit foci tlU they ne lrz1 ta
f-e
f 1
thrcogh the va ii
com anle to win
boeo great- -i t y
inuOur-:!ira tiit
tuifl r-ic-d If
c-ent lt 1 rc'-u
d''"' '
ki-C " ci-l ’
ufo-’llr-i j I't-
-a u
1‘ 1
V
u
TOftr'' 'll
A-1 to th Ihirf proposition j'That
provii--n of tho section declaring
“and all ' qm-rtimj relating to thff t
final di-iponiium of the fend withil doo making the discovery 'the ob-
ooly reftiryoa to the aix’-h srotioo of tow Territory out roleoteJ sod oo- right of aoquiring-the eoil and of
the biil presented by Mr Father 1 mpiud Ly fnd'i:: I faod those etili-
aod the eixleeuth aaction of tba bill tlwd to by rcch? llieirre-
rd similar treaties of like inirodooed hy Mr Pomeroy fethnut to tlia tnbcJ) be m--rv-
i are in for aod biuding to-1 The followhig is that cotioc of ed nl held lor (h - at li':'-
Ifthrei any binding force j Mr Parker bill : -- - Intiou ot Congress ! Ao unrli tiuat
'-rus giarau'ee and wrillenj £rc 6 That lb Icgialotir pow--Use ludians and tooa otW pirti’-s
nit pltylffd f-ilh and ua-’er of the Territory shall extend to antuiliig of cnnrsm oom-
lhf toco we caBnot umsl all rightfiri subject of li'giflfeciTin panic (a ifca 'rl'-r arc rs!'-U-l ) 'Ji-Tvry It gave lls cr-ucj
el’’ di thi Tvrritury Bufcoiia-ient with the Gon-litotion cf ntig' C duiprco a lo lb r' rht te pur-!)-' Let di i r f iu
rci cf :b treatlo i attempt- ih f'uiiod Ktclca md llisj-rr- - ‘ 1 ssrr''lc :' t r-ht a a dec
J ' - ' 1 y lb a— -rt: n of th’ n -t fi-it no law -bill b -
right i
making settlements on It Ohvioa)
this - principle regulated tho rkte
CuiioWad by discovery among lbs 1 v
eovererhut it eonld not alfoct t'u
riLlit of ihoe already in pWu y
ciir as ab'riginal oo-upaut or V
f-oupantj by vutufiof s Pi ir annic
t
i to
- bos been at suec-oorui a j
r dent frioods anticipated SaorcmonW-It folteff (ma tliese
dUortft Tine It has ro-Uwo proporUioirt ibat th piuxicfur
rp?uiw ol tUjir mannge program of otllojnf'nl od lu)uHlr:a
f i5nnr(i tlauvr tipytt j 6ntcrpri u oul ltuittJ bj the vy
1 iHlc®exit5 tended to source of las country wid iba
Arvest oppcnoflity for ofiior popu'kltoa lbe
tJis gretraIwttywork of circumscribing saieortr'drrg
uepablio drnniin sndlhajbo snl of wbib oompUtot a rfiAJo
yf into roort is ihcroforo Tu-WErd
trice of lbs oonRiry uJ s ripbll tul saf'ctiviy t-'ir
nrt ftaiO iiupnvp'J c ‘O-J itttiuro of ibo oulo f
1j0 Is ’i’ho policy iho hft condtlur vf
r kiutdiiml any ol ibo tnlnT 1
mi I ti fu-f f ma lo miKriil I
wf tbe OocrTri
1 r 1 biyai
'bet
: ao
r i
T r
J fcfoiW tu L-a
i m-irs c —i' nt
j- '---t uf e-tuT
ipieei eooiwntrute cur r- - j
ludian Terri '"vj aod au -
pnrple to fit ‘ there si Co d
day to bt-uoe cU'tui cf ) r i
Gevcrcmcci
WILT V r' ' "
' i a r
l p Adi- i-
r -'
-IT'
V
ik
n
i
i J
ll
!!
I '
) '
It & It
t?
y
1 “ " - v I XJ u T- "
b-vtec ta-t I
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Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Boudinot, William Penn. Cherokee Advocate. (Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, Indian Terr.), Vol. 3, No. 47, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 22, 1873, newspaper, March 22, 1873; Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc1849383/m1/1/: accessed May 8, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.