The Madill News (Madill, Okla.), Vol. 14, No. 17, Ed. 1 Friday, December 25, 1908 Page: 7 of 8
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FACTS ABOUT THE
GRAPE LEAF-HOPPER
Insect Pest Which Causes Much Damage In Vineyards-By
J* QuflyIe' Assistant Entomologist, California
Agricultural College.
The grape leaf-hopper was first
namei/ and described by Thomas Say
in the year 1825.
Specimens were
taken that year
from Missouri,
and three or four
years later it
was reported as
an important pest
9f the vine 1n
the state of Mas-
sachusetts. Har-
ris in 1841 wrote
the first complete
account of the in-
sect. and fully ap-
preciated the in-
Beak, or Mouth- jur,y c;ulae(1 by
Parts of Grape ®"df ^'er 8,' n,c e
Leaf-Hopper tha' "me U llaS
Much Enlarged. °ccl",le<i a
important place
in the literature of grape insects
in this country. Harris' account of the
insect remained the standard for a
long while, and no very thorough work
was done on the life history of the in-
sect until it was undertaken by
Slingerland in 1901. in California it
has been reported as a pest of the vino
since 1875.
With the exception of the phyllox-
era, the vine hopper is undoubtedly
the most destructive Insect pest of the
vine in sections where it has gained
any foothold. Vineyardists In Cal-
ifornia are particularly concerned
about it, for each year in some parts
of the state it occurs in very great
numbers, and in such sections it lev-
ies a heavy tax upon the vineyard In-
terests. To give expression to this
loss in money value, for example, in
one vineyard of about 1,000 acres near
Madera, the owner estimated that the
damage done last year by hoppers
would aggregate about J10.000.
The grape leaf-hopper belongs to
the class of Injurious Insects that ob-
tain their food by sucking the juices
from the plant. Scale Insects and
plant lice are other well known pests
belonging to this same general g.oup,
which obtain their food In much the
same way that the mosquito sucks our
blood. The sharp-pointed beak or
proboscis of the hopper is thrust into
the tissues of the grape leaf, aud the
liquid parts extracted therefrom. The
feeding Is done mostly on the under-
side of the leaf, and those leaves
around the base or the vine are the
ones first attacked.
The first indication of their work is
a mottled appearance of the leaf, due
to the pale spots formed whereVer the
in severe cases of grape leaf-hopper In-
Jury.
The grape leaf-hopper (Typhlocyba
comes Say) is a widely distributed na-
tive American insect occurring lji the
United States practically wherever
the vine is grown. It is frequently
notably injurious in the grape'belts of
New York and Ohio, as well as other
less Important grape sections in this
country. In Europe this species is re-
placed by two other related species.
Typhlocyba flavescens and Typhlo-
cyba viticola. The former seems to
1
Experimental Vine Used in the Labora-
tory for Obtaining Data on the Life-
History of the Hopper. Cages Used
for Confining the Insects Are Shown
on the Leaves.
beak has been inserted and the green
parts taken out. As the feeding con-
tinues these spots become more nu-
merous, and this pale yellow color
spreads over the entire surface; and
finally the leaf turns brown and drops
off. This injury has been observed as
early as April or May, and thus the
vine from the very beginning of the
season Is prevented from making its
normal growth. As the hoppers in-
crease In numbers the injury increases
with the advancement of the season.
In midsummer quite a large area about
the crown of the vine will show all
the leaves pale colored or completely
dried up, and, In severe cases, the en-
tire vine is thus affected. This drying
up and dropping off of the leaves al-
lows the sun to have free access to
the fruit and may cause sunburn. We
have seen the fruit thus exposed and
badly sunburned as early as the mid-
dle of June. The falling off of the
leaves prematurely al o prevents the
berry from maturing properly, since
it U in the leaves of the plant tha* the
sugar of the berry is manufactured.
The grape thus loses much of its fla-
vor and sweetness, and likewise the
characteristic coloring, which is so de-
Birable In certain table varieties, is
not attained. The fruit, furthermore,
is badly smutted by the exudations of
the Insects, and this serves as a har-
boring place for the collection of dust
and dirt, and for the growth of fungi.
The dropping of the leaves or any in-
terference with their normal functions
likewise has Its effect on the growth of
the wood of the vine. The canes fail
to ripen normally for the next year's
wood, and many of the buds fall to de-
velop in the following spring. The vine
may thus be more or less permanent-
Jy stunted in growth, and oven killed
ABOUT THE LADY DOLPHINS.
Child's Inquiry Natural, Perhaps, to
One of Her Sex.
A theatrical manager at the Play-
ers' club said of the school of classi-
cal dancing that Miss Isadora Dun-
can conducts:
"Miss Duncan hears some quaint
remarks as she converses with her
child pupils. One day, preparatory
to the first lesson In a dolphlp dance,
she delivered to her class a little lec-
ture on this fish. She described (he
grace of the dolphin, and afterward
she described its habits and mode of
life.
" 'And, children,' she said, 'a single
dolphin will have 2,000 offspring.'
"A little girl gave a start.
" 'And how about the murried ones?'
she gasped."
ECZEMA ALL OVER HIM.
No Night's Rest for a Year and Limit
of Kls Endurance Seemed Near
—Owes Recovery to Cuticura.
"My son Clyde was aiinost com-
pletely covered with eczqtna. Physi-
cians treated him for nearly a year
without helping him any. His head,
face, and neck were covered with large
scabs which ho would rub' until they
fell off. Then blood and matter would
run out and that would be worse.
Friends coming to see him said that if
he got well he would bo disfigured for
life. When it seemed as if he could
possibly stand it no longer, I used
some Cuticura Soap, Cuticura Oint-
ment, and Cuticura Resolvent. That
was the first night for nearly a year
that he slept. In the morning there
was a great change for the better. In
about six weeks he was perfectly well.
Our leading physician recommends
Cuticura for eczema. Mrs. Algy
Cockburn, Shiloh, O., June 11, 1907."
SAMMY'S FEELINGS.
Adult Grape Leaf Hopper Just
Emerged.
be the more injurious of the two, and
occurs throughout all of temperate Eu-
rope and northern Africa, while the
latter is confined mostly to Italy and
the neighboring islands.
The most satisfactory control meth-
od tried during the past two years was
the use of the screen cage. This was
found to capture afout 85 to 96 per
cent of the adult hoppers at a time
in the spring before any eggs are de-
posited.
Spraying for the nymphs about June
1, or just before the spring brood be-
comes mature, will kill a satisfactory
percentage of the nymphs or young,
but will not kill many adults, or pre-
vent eggs, which are present at this
time, from hatching later. If the cage
method has not been used, or satisfac-
torily operated, spraying for the
nymphs will very materially aid in re-
ducing the numbers of the spring gen-
eration.
Plowing or other farm practices
cannot be relied upon, but when such
measures are generally practiced
throughout a neighborhood, they may
aid in reducing the numbers some-
what.
THE CARE OF FERNS
Most ferns, especially those offered
in greenhouses, are shade-loving.
Their native homes are in canyons,
or under trees in moist places, where
the air is quiet, and their fronds are
not disturbed. Many of them are from
tropical countries and quite a number
have originated in greenhouses, eith-
er as sports or from spores, as their
seeds are called. Adiantums, or mai-
den-hair ferns, are more difficult to
manage in the house, because they
will not long survive the dry air of
rooms, owing to the extreme delicacy
and small size of their pinnules, which
are sometimes almost as delicate as
gauze. They are sensitive to dryness
of the air, though they will often do
well in shaded places outside, In lath
houses, or shady verandas, and only
the few succeed with them in the
house. Many other kinds are admir-
ably suited for house culture; among
the different varieties of Nephrolepis,
of which the Boston fern is one, the
Asplenium Kelangeri, Woodwardia, a
native California fern, and Dicksonia
Antarctica.
Ferns should not be placed in halls
or situations exposed to draughts.
They require great care in watering.
People often think they have watered
their plants when the water has only
gone over the surface and around the
sides of the pots, the center of the
ball being still quite dry. This is espe-
cially the case when the pots are
filled with roots, it is necessary that
the ball should be thoroughly soaked.
There Is no regular rule as to the
time for watering. Plants in vigor-
ous growth require more frequent wa
terlng. Evaporation, also, has much
to do with It. On dry, warm days,
when evaporation Is great, water may
be needed twice a day, while If the
air is cool and moist, two or three
days might intervene without water.
A healthy, vigorous plant absorbs
much water, while a delicate one can
absorb but little. The soil should be
examined always, and if dry, watered;
if not, refrain from watering. A dry
pot, if tapped, gives a hollow sound
like a ripe watermelon, while one that
is wet gives a dull, heavy sound that
Indicates moisture.
When leaves shrivel and turn yel-
low, the soil has been too dry; if they
turn yellow without shriveling, it in-
dicates too much water has been giv-
en. In either case, the roots huve
been abused and lost their power ot
absorption.
"Sammy," said his mean uncle, "how
would you feel If I were to give you
a penny?"
"I think," replied Sammy, "that I
should feel a little faint at first, but
I'd try and get over it."
Personal Observation.
"BoyB," said the sweet young teach-
er, as she smiled graciously upon her
Sunday school class, "It seems to mo
that this lesson teaches that what one
begins another continues or com-
pletes. All work does not devolve
upon any one person. Can you illus-
trate with an incident from your own
observation?"
"I've know father to be on a tear
all night," timidly Informed little Bob-
by, "and then mother would continue
to rip him up the back all next morn-
ing."
State or Ohio Citt or Toledo, I
Lucas county. ( ss-
Frank J. Cheney makM oath that ha U lanlor
partnnr of the firm ot F. J. Cheney A Co., doing
buatneaa In the City of Toledo, county and Htate
tfore&ild. and that aald Brm will priy the cum ot
ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS lor each and every
rase ot catarrh that cannot be cured by the use ul
iiai l s catarrh Cure.
FRANK J. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and aubacrlbed In my preaenca,
this 6th day of December, A. D.. 1886.
I | A. W. OLEASON,
i , f Notary Public.
Hatra < aiarrn cure M taken Internally and acta
directly upon the blood and mucous surftcea of ilia
lyatcm. Send for testimonials, free.
F. J, CHENEY & CO., Toledo O.
Fold by all DrucRlsts, 75c.
'lake Hall's Family Pills lor conitlpatlon.
Disease Damages Tea Crops.
A curious disease which has done
much damage to the tea crops of
northeast India is known as "red
rust." An account of the species of
alga (Cepaleuros vlrescens), which
causes It, is given by C. M. Hutchin-
son In the "Memoirs of the Agricultu-
ral Department of India." It attacks
the leaves and stems of the tea plant,
forming yellow patches. It is prop-
agated by two kinds of spores, one
carried by water and the other by air.
Starch, like everything else, 1p be-
ing constantly improved, the patent
Starches put on the market 25 yearB
ago are very different and inferior to
those of the present day. In the lat-
est discovery—Defiance Starch—all in-
jurious chemicals are omitted, while
the addition of another Ingredient, in-
vented by us, gives to the Starch a
strength and smoothness never ap-
proached by other brands.
An Exceptional Case.
"The newspapers tell of a Connec-
ticut woman who gave her husband
$25,000 to let her alone."
"This Is a funny old world. It Is
the husband who usually gives hlg
wife every cent he gets to let him
alone."
Try It Once.
There Is more actual misery and less
real danger in a case of itching, skin
disease than any other ailment. Hunt's
Cure is manufactured especially for
those cases. It relieves Instantly and
cures promptly. Absolutely guaran-
teed.
Saved the Trouble.
"Your wife has eloped with your
chaufTeur."
"I don't care. I wa3 going to fire
him, anyway."
Worth Its Weight in Gold.
PETTIT'S EYE SALVE strengthens old
ryes, tonic for eye Btrnin, weak, watery eyes
Druggist* or Howard Bros., Buffalo, N. Y.
LOVE'S SACRIFICE.
Bach hour has its lesson and its
life; and if we miss this we shall not
find its lesson In another.—King.
"Wat's de matter,' Reginald, have
youse sworn oft smokln'?"
"Yes. You see, I'm engaged now,
and my fiancee objects to a disagree-
able breath."
Schools for MlMionariea.
The immense Northfleld schools and
colleges for the training of mission-
aries and preachers were erected,out
of the profits derived from the sale of
Moody and Sankey's "Sacred Songs
and Solos." Miss Ada Ellen Bayly
("Edna Lyajl") built St. Peter's
church, fejstboiu-ne, England, with
part or tffe 'mdtiev V&f'lfotn
"Donovan" and "We Two." She also
presented a fine peal of bells to the
neighboring church of St. Saviour and
christened them after the heroes of
her books—Erie, Hugo and Donovan.
Laundry work at home would be
nuch more satisfactory if the right
Starch were used. In order to get the
desired stiffness, it is usually neces-
sary to use so much starch that the
beauty and fineness of the fabric is
hidden behind a paste of varying
thickness, which not only destroys the
appearance, but also affects the wear-
ing quality of the goods. This trou
ble can be entirely overcome by using
Defiance Starch, as It can be applied
much more thinly because of its great*
cr strength than other makes.
Homeopathic Loss.
Ethelberta is a doctor's daughter
just past six, which throws a side light
on the story the Philadelphia Public
Ledger tells about her.
On her sixth birthday Ethelberta's
father gave her a little ring with a
tiny pearl in It. Not very long after
that she appeared In her father's of-
fice, looking very woebegone.
"O, daddy," she said, "I've lost the
little pill out of my ring!"
It Will Stay There.
"In my family medicine chest no
remedy is permitted to remain unless
it proves beyond a doubt the best to
be obtained for its particular purpose.
For treating all manner of skin trou-
bles, such as Eczema, Tetter, Ring-
worm, etc., Hunt's Cure has held Its
place for many years. I have failed to
find a surer remedy. It cures itching
Instantly."
R. M. SWANN, Franklin, La.
Must Have Meant Him.
"I wish I knew," Bald Cholly Sap-
head, "if I have any show of winning
Miss Roxie Swellman."
"Well," answered Miss Peppery,
"from a remark of hers I think you're
her choice."
"Aw, really? What did she say?"
"She said nobody was good enougl
to be her husband."
Catarrh and Headache.
Mrs. Z. E. Goforth, 2119 Holly
Street, Kansas City, writes: "After
using a sample bottle and two 25c bot-
tles of Hunt's Lightning Oil, I am al-
most well of Catarrh. It stops my
headaches. It" is the best medicine I
ever saw and I just can't keep house
without it." She is right.
Didn't Harmonize.
Patience—Do you have harmony in
your church choir?
Patrice—Do we? Weil, say! Just
listen: Last Sunday the soprano wore
a pink hat and purple waist, the alto
had a green waist and yellow hat, and
the basso had a green necktie and a
red nose!—Yonkers Statesman.
Needed Them In Hit Buiine*,.
"What with whooping cough,
measles and all that," began the flrHt
traveler, "children are a great care;
out they are blessings sometimes—"
"Certainly they are," Interrupted
:he second traveler. "I don't know
now we should get along without
them."
"Ah, you're a family man. too?"
"No; a doctor."—Stray Stories.
Don't It Jar You?
To have a cough that you can't
leave off—even when you go to bed?
Put it away for g6od by using Sim-
mons' Cough Syrup. It heals Inflamma-
tion of the throat and lungs—gives you
reBt and peaceful sleep.
It is vain to be always looking to-
wards the future and never acting to-
ward it.—Boyea.
HORSE SICK?
With a smooth iron and Defiance
Starch, you can launder your shirt-
waist Just as well at home as the
steam laundry can; It will have the
proper stiffness and finish, there will
be less wear and tear of the goods,
and it will be a positive pleasure to
use a Starch that does not stick to the
Iron.
A Personal Question.
"I see," said the man, "that you hold
your letter pad on your lap when you
write."
"Well?" said the woman.
"Would you hold your typewriter
on your lap?"
"No. Would you?"—Kansas City
Journal.
Important to Mothers.
Examine carefully every bottle of
CASTORIA a safe and Bure remedy for
infants and children, and Bee that it
Bears the
Signature of
In Use For Over .'{O Years.
The Kind You Have Always Bought.
Truth should be the first lesson of
the child and the last inspiration of
manhood.—Whittler.
IK YOU USE DAI,I, lll.lll!,
Oet Red Croud Ball Blue, the best Ball
Blue. Large 2 oz. package only 5 cents.
This would be a brighter world It
the people who can't sing wouldn't.
1'II.KS CI!KRI> IN « TO 14 HAYS.
PAZO OINTMH5NT in frvarinitoiHl to rure uny case
of Itching. Blind, l)loeding <>r 1'roirudiug Piles is
ti to 14 days or money refun.led. 60 '.
Work Is only done well when it is
done with a will.—Ruskln.
Mrs. Whitlow's Soothing Syrup.
For children terthlnR, wfteniUiv rorturr* fn.
liuaunuUoa, allay* pain, euro* wlud culiu. k&v * boiu*
It's a bad thing to be known as a
"good tiling."
Guars'1
F you want
a Heating
Stove for coal
or for wood ex-
clusive write
us for our free
catalogue. We
make a com-
plete line of
strictly high-
l" grade Heaters,
P also Stoves and
Ranges. We operate the larg-
est stove plant in the West,
making exclusively National
Stoves and Ranges and built
this business because we make
all our stoves air tight, gas
tight, soot proof and thorough
fire keepers. We will sell you
a National through one of our
dealers in your home town
and give you a double guar-
antee, ours and your dealer's,
that it shall prove a better
stove than any you have ever
used and at a price equal to
inferior makes. Write us today.
Excelsior Stove & Mfg. Co.
Station B, OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA.
QPIUM
Woolley,M.D.,Ai
and AVhlskvv Habit*
treated at howe without
pain. Book of particulars
sent FKKK. II. M.
.,AtLinLa,Uii.,lUi N. Pryor ht,
; Thompson's Eye Water
W. N. U., Oklahoma City, No. 52, 1908.
▼■mob hmk n«a. u. pat. oppiss
Probably a pootl purpo is what lie needs
— and no piir^re ro pood as
WATSON'S TT
IURGE MIA
A pure, powerful and beneficial rem-
edy. Absolutely safe, sure, speedy and
complete in its action. The scientific
compound of a successful practicing
veterinary. Guaranteed under the pure
food and drugs law.
$1.00 per bottle at your dealers
U he'« out Bend tin the 11.00 aud we'll sub-
ply you Immediately. *
We make all the /amout Watson Live Stock
Remedies — Watson's liniment. Watson't Colic
t Remedy, Watson's
*v"7i y S Watson's
hit Tr on J Healer. They cure sick stock.
Write now for onr IntereHtln* fre*
ContnlnTnj* vnTiinliln veterinary in formation
that you hIiouIU have.
THE WATSON COMPANY
FINK BLUFF. ARK.
Western Canada the Pennant Winner
"TheLast Best West"
The government ol
Canada now gives
to every actual set-
tler IOO acres of
wheat-growing
Innd free and an
additional 160 acres
. The 300,000 contented
American settlers making their homes in
Western Cunmla is the best evidence of
the superiority of that country. They are
becoming rich, growing from 25 to 50
bushels wheat to the acre; 60 to 110 bush-
els oats end 45 to 60 bushels barley, be-
sides having splendid herds of cattle raised
on the prairie grass. Dairying is an im-
portant industry.
The crop of 1908 still keeps Western Canada
in the lend. The world will soon look to it as
its food-producer.
"The thlnf which roost Impressed us was the
maun It ndo of the country Unit Is uvulluble for
'iKrirult.il rul purposes." — HutUmal Uiliturial
1wrrespondence, J90H.
Low railway rates, srood schools and churches,
markets convenient, prices the highest, climate
perfect.
l^inds am for wilo by Hallway and Land Com-
panies. l)«-hcriptlve piiiupliltttH and mupn sent free.
For railway rates and other Information apply to
NupcrinlendMiil of liiunlunitlon, Ottawa, Canada, vl
tbo authorized Canadian (ioveminent Agont:
J. S. CRAWFORD,
Ifo. 125 V. Ninth Street, Kansas City, Missouri*
at $3.00 an acre.
SCHENCK'S
MANDRAKE PILLS
THEY
"LIVEN THE LIVER"
And hoop you well and happy.
tin or Hugur Coalc-d. 86 ceo la a boa. or by malt.
Purely Vegetable, Absolutely Harmless.
r. J. H. dchcnck A Son, Phils., Pa*
PARKER'S
■ HAIR BALSAM
Cle*nM a and beautifies th« hair.
Promotes a luxuriant growth,
liover Pails to Itostore Gray
Hair to It# Youthful Color.
Cum scalp <*i«>a os & hair falliiuL
^^40CjaxidJiLno^tDni££ift^^^
DEFIANCE Cold Water Starch
makes laundry work a pleasure. 10 oz. pkg. 10a
1
Nothing pleases the eye so much
as a well made, dainty
Shirt
Waist
Suit
if property laundered.
To get tlie best results
it is necessary to use
the best laundry
starch.
Defiance
Starch
j give3 that finish to the
I clothes that all ladies
I desire and should ob-
I tain. It is the delight
I of the experienced
laundress. Once tried
they will use no other. It is pure and
is guaranteed not to injure the most
delicate fabric. It is sold by the
best grocers at ioc a package. Each
package contains 16 ounces. Other
starches, not nearly so good, sell at
the same price per package, but they contain only 12 ounces of starch.
Consult your own interests. Ask for DEFIANCE STARCH, get it, and we
know you will never use any other.
Defiance Starch Company, Omaha, Neb.
A TEARING TERRIBLE COUGH
bespeaks impending peril. Constant coughing irritates and inflames the
lunas, inviting the ravacing attacks of deadiy disca«e. Piso's Cure soothes
ana heals the inflamed surfaces, clears the clogged air passages and steps
the cough. The first dote will bring surprising relief. PisOt Cure has
held the confidence of people everywhere for half a century. No matter
how serious and obstinate the r.ature of your cold, or how many reme-
dies have failed, you can be convinced by a fair trial that the ideal re-
medy for such conditions is
PISO'S CURE
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Heart, C. F. The Madill News (Madill, Okla.), Vol. 14, No. 17, Ed. 1 Friday, December 25, 1908, newspaper, December 25, 1908; Madill, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metapth351499/m1/7/: accessed May 25, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.