The El Reno News. (El Reno, Okla. Terr.), Vol. 5, No. 43, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 24, 1901 Page: 3 of 8
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: El Reno American and was provided to The Gateway to Oklahoma History by the Oklahoma Historical Society.
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L
Trouble between the United Stitts
and the little Central American state of
Venezuela is possible as the result of
a quarrel between rival asphalt com-
panies, who have conflicting claims
to the great Bermudez asphalt lake lo-
cated on the shores of the Orinoco riv-
Both of the asphalt concerns are
United States corporations, one of them
being the National Asphalt company,
commonly known as the asphalt trust.
It is even charged that the trust has
. had a hand in encouraging the rebel-
lion in Venezuela which is now in
progress. The leader of the rebellion
*Ts Celestino Peraza, who until, recently
•was th • secretary of the present pres-
ident of the republic, General Castro.
General Castro himself came into
power as the result of a successful
rebellion which resulted in the over- j
. throw of the government headed by
President And rade. Since,(’astro took |
- control of the government in the latter
part of 1899 he has successfully sup-
pressed at least two rebellions, so that
he knows what he has to deal with.
Leader of the Urouble.
Celestino Peraze. the leader of the
present rebellion, began his outbreak
in the country along the Orinoco river
in the last days of December, 1900. A
force of 2,500 men was immediately
sent against him by President Castro,
and several
small e n- ,
gag ements |
have taken
place be-
tween the
rival forces.
Now it ap-
pears the;
rebels are j
running low
on powder j
a n d muni-
t i o n s of !
war in gen- i
oral. As a |
Glimpse of an Asphalt Lake, result they ,
are said to
be about to seize the arms and other
^ property belonging to the New York
and Bermudez Asphalt company at the
Bermudez pitch lake, while the regu-
lar government. under President
Castro, has seized a couple of steamers
belonging to a steamboat company
owned in the United States. In order
to protect the property of citizens of
this country from being confiscated in
) Hiis way the United States warship
Scorpion has been ordered to leave the
harbor of I>a Guayra and run up the
Orinoco river, and it is reported that
the government at Washington stands
ready to send the north Atlantic
squadron with a force of marines down
, from Pensacola, Fla., to-Venezuela if
‘he situation does not improve.
* * Venezuela's Chief S'caport.
La Guayra is the chief seaport of
Venezuela and the gateway to Caracas,
the capital of the republic. At La
Guayra the mountains overhang the
water, rising to a height of 8.000 /eet.
They are visible at sea seventy miles
away. Caracas is distant only ten
miles, but it is reached by one of the
^ most tortuous pieces of railroad build-
ing in the world. The Journey by rail
from the seaport to the capita) covers
a distance of seventy miles. The cli-
mate of Caracas is mild and pleasant,
which explains why large cities of
tropical America are usually situated
some distance from the coast. Caracas
is 3,000 feet above the sea level, and
the temperature averages 71 degrees
$bove zero all the year round.
Looks Like Absurd "Prospect.
iSome idea of the absurdity of a seri-
f «ous war between the United States and
Venezuela may he gathered from the
statement that the Central American
country, which has an area five times
as large as that of the state of Michi-
gan, has a total population of only
2.320.000. somewhat less than that of
Michigan, of which number nearly one-
fourth are uncivilized Indians. The
regular army of Venezuela consists of
3,600 men. with a militia which in time
Of civil war has put us many as 60,000
men into the field. So far as a navy U
concerned, Venezuela has only three
small steamers and two sailing ves-
sels, with three or four small river
gunboats. Furthermore, it has been
only four years since the United States
intervened on behalf of Venezuela in
its dispute over the question of boun-
dary with Great Britain and secured
the appointment of an arbitration com-
mission. by the decision of which sev-
eral hundred square miles of valuable
territory, including some rich gold
mines and the country to the *outh of
the mouth of the Orinoco river, wero
saved to the smaller state.
Che “Done of Contention.
The asphalt lake, for the possession
of which the rival American companies
are fighting, lies between a range of
mountains and the shore of one of the
outlets of the northern delta of the
Orinoco river, near the bay of Paria.
The lake is a mile and a half in length
by a mile in width and comprises more
than 1,000 acres of swampy land. Most
of the surface of the so-called lake is
covered with a rank growth of grasses
and shrubs rising to a height of eight
or ten feet and interspersed with tall
palm trees. The pitch or asphaltum
dods not lie in an unbroken surface, as
on the Trinidad lakes, but bubbles up,
as if from springs. The pitch, how-
ever, underlies most of the surface in-
cluded in the lake and has a depth
varying from two to ten feet. In the
center of the lake is a patch of about
seven acres which is free from vegeta-
tion and in which the pitch is so noft
that it cannot be walked on. The whole
surface of the lake is so low that (lur-
ing the spring floods it is entirely cov-
ered by water. The pitch is dug out
of the lake by native labor and carted
to a convenient place near a seaport,
where it is refined. The raw asphalt
is put into huge kettles and slowly
heated from above until the whole
mass is brought to a liquid condition.
The process of heating drives off the
water and gas with vvhicii the raw
A VENEZUELAN MAN-OF-WAK.
pitch is filled, while the heavy impuri-
ties sink to the bottom of the kettle.
The pure asphaltum can then b«
poured off.
Mr. and Mrs. T. B. Fitzgerald of
Danville, Va., have deeded their place
on the north bank of the Dan river,
worth $20,000,to the Danville Orphan-
age as a permanent home.
The late Chief Justice Faircloth of
North Carolina bequeathed, $20,000 to
the Baptist Female University of Ra-
leigh.
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
AGRICULTURISTS.
lp-to-I>hI o Hint* About ChIIIth-
tion of llie Soil Mini Yield* Thereof—
Horticulture, Mtlrullure and Floricul-
ture.
Horticultural Observation*.
Winter is a good time to attack
the pear blight. Investigations have
shown that the disease remains over
in the diseased branches, the organ-
isms ready to begin again their work
in the early spring. The branches
that are dead should all be cut off
and burned and any branches that
have been cast down by the wind
should also be included in the collec-
tion. In fact, It pays to give the or-
chard a thorough cleaning, either in
fall »r early spring. Burn up all rub-
bish. The orchard should then be care-
fully inspected to make sure that all
the infected branches hate been cut
off. Thorough work in this matter
will make it easy to keep the trouble
in check next year.
• • •
At the recent horticultural conven-
tion held at Champaign, Illinois, there
was a most excellent exhibition of
fruit. One feature of the exhibit was
a display by the experiment station.
This consisted of all the varieties of
apples, pears, etc., grown on the ex-
periment farm, and was for educa-
tional purposes only. About 150 plates
were shown, each piled with fruit.
Near each plate was a printed card,
giving the name, in large letters, of
the fruit, and below the name, the
time of ripening and keeping. It gave
the students of pomology a chance to
study the varieties, such as he seldom
finds. As the exhibit was not made
for the purpose of securing a prize, the
arrangement could be made to best
advantage and in comparative order.
It is a plan that can be followed to ad-
vantage by other institutions.
* * *
Indications point to the development
of peach orchards in many points in
the great Alleghany chain of moun-
tains. Much of that country is as wild
to-day as it was the day it was dis-
covered by Europeans. The woodman
has found little use for it, on account
of the great difficulty of removing the
trees after they were cut. The farmer
has found little use for it, the ground
only being devoted to farming in the
portions easiest to cultivate. But it
has long been known as a region adapt-
ed to fruit and where wild fruit grew
in great abundance. Little by little
the peach orchards have encroached
on this wild domain. The fruit has
been found to be of the best—fine in
flavor, large in size and well colored.
Moreover, most of the region Is with-
in easy railroad communications of the
best markets.
flint corn, crown for the striped or
barrel leaves. The latter are usually
sold under the name of Zen Japonic;!.
The varieties of corn are very varia-
| ble in size, shape, and other qualities.
The late Doctor Sturtevant, an author-
ity on corn, said: “The height of the
plant is varieties and localities has
been reported from eighteen inches for
j the golden Tom Thumb pop to thirty
: feet or more for varieties in the West
Indies, and single stalks in Tennessee
at twenty-two and one-half feet. I
have seen ears one inch long in the
pop class and sixteen inches long in
the dent class. The rows in varieties
P’orlng Apple*.
This is a subject upon which few
think alike. The fundamental ques-
tion, “is storing profitable,“ can be an-
swered in as many ways as there aro
lots to store. My own opinion is, that
as the years go by storing will increase,
but profits thereby will decrease. The
mere fact of so many cold storage
houses being available will tend to
make apples worth more money in tho
fall or at picking time and less in the
spring. This will no doubt be a good
thing for tho producer if not for tho
storer of apples. It is to be hoped
that more discrimination will be shown
may vary from eight to twenty-four or | in the matter of storage of apples. Too
more, and in individual ears are re- I many poor apples are stored, and the
knowledge of this is taken advantage
of by certain cold storage men to the
A VIEW OF THE HARBOR OF LA GUAYRA.
^/Isphalt in History. A
Asphalt has been known from pre- j
historic times. Some forms of it were j
used as building material in ancient
Babylon, and others were used in the
preparation of mummies. During the
middle ages it dropped almost from
sight. In 1712 a Swiss physician dis-
covered Irtrge beds of it in the Alps
and succeeded in reviving the use of
,it as building material. It is said that
„jhe value of asphalt for paving pur-
poses was (fiscovvered by accident
while the crude asphalt was being
hauled from the deposits where it was
dug. Pieces of the asphalt dropped
from the carts and were gradually
ground into the roadbed by the feet of
the men and horses. It was noticed
that such roads soon presented a hard
and resisting surface, and the idea of
using asphalt on other roads was de-
veloped. It was not largely used, how-
ever, until 1832, and within the last 25
years it has made its greatest progress.
Tlie Karps of Corn.
Prof. A. S. Hitchcock, of the Kan-
sas Experiment station, has recently
sent out a summary of his investiga-
tions into the races of corn.
He says: Indian corn has been in
cultivation by the native races of
America for an indefinite period. It
probably originated from a wild form
somewhere on the Mexican plateau.
Botanists usually refer all our forms
to one species, Zea Mifys, with several
well-marked subspecies on races.
There are five important races of
corn grown in the United States on a
commercial scale:
1. Dent Corn. A part of the starch
in the grain is of a close, hard tex-
ture. This is called the horny endo-
sperm and is found along the sides of
the kernel, while the softer portion, or
starchy endosperm, is found in the
center, extending to the summit. In
drying the center shrinks more than
the rest and hence leaves a dent at the
apex of the grain. Dent corns are the
common field varieties grown in the
corn belt and are almost the only kind
exported. There are various colors,
white, yellow and mottled (calico), be-
ing the most common. There are also
red and blue varietiej. Three huhdred
and twenty-three varieties are de-
scribed.
2. Sweet Corn. These are chiefly
found in gardens, but it is grown on a
commercial scale for canning pur-
poses, and some of the large sorts are
grown for fodder. The first variety
cultivated was obtained from the In-
dians, New England, in 1779. In 1854
there were ten varieties. Now there
are sixty-three. Corn as a vegetable
is practically unknown outside the
United States.
3. Flint. The horny endosperm en-
tirely surrounds the starchy, and hence
the grain is smooth at maturity. Color
various. Many varieties have eight
rows and hence are known as eight-
rowed corn. Flint corn can be grown
much farther north than the dent corn,
since it matures earlier, hence it is the
prevailing form in Canada and the
northern United States. Since it is the
common corn of New England It Is
often called Yankee corn.
4. Pop-corn, These resemble the flint
corns, but differ in the ability to ‘‘pop”
when heated. This phenomenon de-
pends upon tho fact that the starch is
in the form of horny endosperm and
the moisture present can not easily es-
cape, but finally explodes, turning the
grain inside out. Pop-corn seems to
be the least modified from the original
type. There are twenty-flvo varieties.
5. Soft Corns. In these the starch is
all in the form of starchy endosperm.
It seems to have been common among
the Indians of the southwest. Some of
the blue Squaw corns belong to this
race. Brazilian flour corn, sold by
seedsmen, is a soft corn. There is no
dent in these varieties.
Besides the above there is a pod corn
grown as a curiosity, in which each
kernel Is enclosed In a husk; and some
ornamental varieties derived from the
ported from four to forty-eight. A
hundred kernels of miniature pop
weighed forty-six grains; of Cuzco,
1531 grains. A variety that ripens in
one month is mentioned from Para-
guay, and seven months is said to bo
required in some southern countries.”
The tables show that the average
composition of dent corn is, protein
10.3 per cent, fat, 5 per cent; flint,
protein, 10.5 per cent; fat, 5 per cent;
sweet, protein, 11.6 per cent; fat, 8.1
per cent. Sweet corn is thus richer in
protein and fat, and correspondingly
poorer in carbohydrates.
At the Kansas Stale Agricultural
College, experiments are in progress to
increase the protein-content of field
corn by crossing and selection. Any
increase in the protein will greatly ex-
tend Its usefulness ns a feed for stock.
To Produce Hardier Plant*.
At the Rhode Island Experiment
station they have taken up the ques-
tion of frost resistance of plants, and
are trying by selection to give greater
hardiness to some of our commonest
plants. A report by the station says:
Gardeners will recall the apparent
peculiarities often manifest in the be-
havior of plants subject to frost. Two
plants of the same variety, standing
side by side, may show altogether dif-
ferent results, the one being killed or
severely injured and the other remain-
ing practically untouched. At times
these differences may be due to vary-
ing atmospheric conditions, bu‘. much
of it must be the result of difference in
inherent vigor and resistance of the
individual plants. Is it possible in the
case of tender plants, by selecting and
breeding from those individuals which
show greatest resistance, to develop a
hardier strain? This question has
been under test with garden beans.
! Three varieties of bush beans were
J planted in a hot-bed in the spring of
| 1899. After they were well up, the
j sash was removed, exposing them to
| frost on a cold night. Many of the
plants were killed outright, others se-
verely hurt, while a few showed little
injury. Seed from these was saved
and subjected to similar treatment in
the spring of 1900. This time an un-
usually hard frost occurred on the
night when the sash was first removed.
The temperature reported by the me-
teorologist of the station, as occurring
in the village near by, was 28 degrees.
Yet a few plants remained unharmed,
others were less severely injured and
many were killed outright. Other
seeds saved from the resistant plants
were planted in the open ground in
comparison with ordinary seeds. The
plants from these have shown greater
vigor in resisting cold and untoward
conditions and at the present writing
are decidedly in advance. The ques-
tion asked at the beginning of the ex-
periment cannot be answered for some
time, but the indications now are that
careful selection may produce valua-
ble results in securing plants less sub
ject to frpst injury.
Size of Kernel* of Seed n lirut
Great possibilities lie in the develop-
ment of seed wheat. Constant selec-
tion of the largest kernels will have a
constant tendency to improve the seed
and the resulting crop. Some experi-
ments were carried on in France to
determine to what extent the crop
could be improved by such a selection.
Though the process was carried on for
only three years, the results were ap
parent. The experiment was tried in
two directions, always selecting the
largest seeds for one crop and the
smallest seeds for another. At the end
of three years the yield on the plats
planted with the large seeds was very
marked over the plats that had been
planted with the small seeds. Also the
large wheat grains had more vigor and
developed much more rapidly than did
the others, and the crop matured ear-
lier.
The same experimenter carried on
at the same time a parallel experiment.
He selected for one lot the grains that
developed soonest on the heads, and
for another lot selected the grains that
matured latest on the heads. In three
years he had two crops growing side
by side, one of them maturing six days
ahead of the other.
Three Claeeee of Feedfl.
We have practically three classes of
cattle feeds, (a) those low in protein
and high in carbohydrates (1:10), such
as hays, straws, roots and grains, but
varying in digestibility, (b) medium
in protein and medium in carbohy-
drates (1:5), and (c) high in protein
and low in carbohydrates (1:2). Recog-
nizing, then, the difference in com
position of the various feed stuffs, and
knowing the uses of the protein, fat
and carbohydrates in the process of
nutrition, our next step would be to
so combine the several feeds as to se-
cure the several groups in such quan-
tities and proportions as to best at-
tain the end sought. It might be of
interest in passing to note the com-
parative difference in the value of
nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid
in one ton of these several feeds. The
fertilizing ingredients in hays, straws,
etc., have about the same value as in
the grains. In the legumes they are
one-half as valuable again, and in case
of the concentrated feeds, from three
to nearly four times as valuable •>- in
either the grains, straws or hays.
disadvantage of the holders.
Cold storage used with judgment is
one of the best aids of the fruit grower
and dealer, hut used as it often is, for
storing bruised or windfall or poorly
packed fruit, it is worse than useless;
it is a detriment, in general put no
apples in cold storage (unless in rare
cases for temporary preservation) ex-
cept those varieties that would keep
fairly well in ordinary storage. A
soft apple which would be all right to
sell within a day or two after arrival
is sometimes absolutely ruined by cold
storage, and a temperature which will
keep a Baldwin or Ben Davis for
months will sometimes bake a Duchess
or a ripe Snow apple as effectually as
a week of hot weather. The lack of
variation in the treatment of different
varieties of apples and even of the
same varieties under different condi-
tions will explain many a puzzling
lack of keeping quality in apples in
cold storage. Cold storage is as yet
only in its infancy and there is no
doubt in my mind that the time will
come, and is not so very far distant,
when almost any apples properly
picked and packed can be kept from
one to two years in perfect condition
and without shrinkage.
The problem of liquified air will no
doubt be an important one, and elec-
tricity is already in use in one plant
in Chicago. The cooling agent in most
common use is ammonia, but carbonic
acid gas is now being tested with good
results, and its freedom from odor and
from danger in ease of fire, may make
it a formidable rival of ammonia. It
also is in use in one Chicago plant in
connection with electricity and is do-
ing good work.—Benjamin Ncwhall.
Sprciidiug Manure I*pun the Snow.
An early and heavy snow fall, while
tending to diminish natural losses of
plant food, is apt to favor artificial
losses. It is apt to deter the farmer
from hauling out his manure sjipply.
Too many farmers hold to the mistak-
en notion that spreading manure upon
the snow is a wasteful practice, that
much of Its value is lost by leaching
and by running off of the surface in
the spring. They point to darkened
snows, to discolored waters and to
greener meadows at the base of the
hillsides as proof of these losses. It
is probably true that some loss occurs
in this way, hut It-’s less than Is usual-
ly supposed. Those who are frightened
by this, however, should study the
barn losses, should know that, as or-
dinarily kept, manure deteriorates
more in the barn cellar or in the ma-
nure heap than it does in the field;
that it is better for manure to leach
on the soil it is meant to fertilize than
in proximity to the barn and the fam-
ily well; that it will ferment less out-
doors than it will indoors; that, in
short, experiment and experience alike
show that the housing of manure in
the winter for spring hauling is sel-
dom better and generally worse than
spreading it upon the snow as fast as
it is made. Some will be lost if
spread; more, however, will be lost
if kept at the barn; and the spring's
work will be just so much the further
behind.
Experiment station bulletins preach
this doctrine, institute speakers pro-
pound it, and farmers are yearly prac-
ticing it more extensively. It is the
modern notion, and the right one. The
winter manuring of a steep sidehill
may not be advisable; but moderate
slopes or level pieces of not too leachy
land may be safely fertilized any day
in the year except Sunday.—Vermont
Experiment Station Bulletin.
Value of Feed*.
The animal must have a certain
amount of feed to produce heat and
energy, and this can be more cheaply
secured from carbohydrates. Protein
is necessary to replace the wastes of
the body, to form flesh and to enable
milk-producing animals to give maxi-
mum and continuous milk yields.
Special use of carbohydrates: The
carbohydrates, besides being the prin-
cipal source of heat and energy, serve
as the chief source of fat.
Special use of fat; Experiments have
proved that fat yields two and one-
half times as much heat as the carbo-
hydrates. Animal fat is also formed
from the fat of the feed, hut as a rule
not directly; i. e., the fat molecule
is more or less pulled to pieces and
reconstructed. The lives of none of
our farm animals can be sustained by
protein, fat, carbohydrates or ash
alone; and yet protein, carbohydrates
and ash of the feed are all absolutely
necessary to sustain life and produce
growth. Experiments proving the
above facts teach us that for the se-
curing of specific ends, such as the pro-
duction of flesh, fat or milk, taese
several groups of substances as found
in our various agricultural plants
should not for economical reasons be
fed hap-hazard, but rather in reason-
ably definite proportions, depending
upon the end sought.
It Is calculated that the cotton crop
of the south this season will yield $590,-
000,000 in cotton and seed and $100.-
000,000 worth of oil.
Some people speak only to deceive
and listen only to betray.
AM.rl.an. Underbid HrliUli. ™
Americana offer locomotives for S“t>.
vice In India at $6,300 each, to oe de-
livered in six months. The British bid
Is $7,720; time required, nine months.
i'o*t of I*ropo*e«l <lutn
It is estimated that a permanent
channel fourteen feet deep can be con-
structed from St. Louis to Lake Michi-
gan. by way of the Illinois river, for
$35,000,000.
Typhoid F*»vrr.
Inquiries made in Polynesian islands
in New Guinea and West Africa indi-
cate that typhoid fever does not occur
in those regions, but seems to be a
by-product of civilization.
F.iulgraut* from Irelniid.
The number of emigrants from Ire-
land for the ten months ending Oct. 31
was 43.640. as compared with 40.269
during the corresponding period of
last year.
I>4**t 11 lit Ion III Wnki* of 1.04*it*t*.
Swarms of locusts have entirely de-
stroyed the crops in the Tokar region
in the eastern Soudan. The devasta-
tion has been so complete that tho
population is reduced to the utmost
destitution.
N«*w iM4*iIoo Ni*iln I ruNinle.
A good deal of law less m as is preva-
lent in New Mexico, in many of the
towns the faro, roulette and other
gambling houses are wide open, and
the authorities seem to regard them
as matters of necessity. Shooting
brawls are of common occurrence. Ex.
Will Hi* Pri>M*flQtv IIIin*4*lf*
A. J. King, recently elected prose*
ruling attorney of Vernon county. Mis-
souri, may have to conduct a lawsuit
against himself. When county recorder
he was sued by the county for $J,000,
which it was claimed he owed thti
county on fees collected ami not turn-
ed in. The case has been in many
circuit courts and lias been set for a
rehearing Jan. 28.
POLICE OFFICER RESCUED.
OUlciT A. t\ SmtiiNoii of the Council
111nff'* Force Tell* *11 Interest-
Inj Story.
Council BlufTs, Iowa, Jan. 19, 1901.—•
(Special.) Kindhearted Officer Swan-
son of the local police force Is very
popular in this city. He has lived
here for seventeen years, and has en-
joyed many high offieea in social and
society work. He is now Viee-Preel-
dent of the “Dannebrog” Brotherhood,
the largest Danish secret society in
America, which combines benevolent
with the social features. Owing to the
constant exposure and many hours on
his feet, which liis duty as a police
officer makes unavoidable, Mr. Swan-
son became the victim of serious Kid-
ney and Liver Trouble. He was very
bad, but has entirely recovered. He
gives the story in his own words as
follows:
“I have been a sufTorer for many
years with Kidney and Liver Trouble,
and have tried many remedies, some of
which gave me temporarily relief, and
others which wero absolutely worth-
less. I began to think that there was
no help for me, when my nephew gave
me a part of a box of Dodd's Kidney
Pills which he had left, saying that it
would do no harm to try them, as they
had certainly fixed him all right. What
he gave me helped me so much that I
felt justified in purchasing more, and
I grew slowly better. It took almost
two months to effect a complete cure,
as mine was a very bad case, but I can
cheerfully and truthfully say that I am
a well man today, and I am very
grateful that Dodd’s Kidney Pllla
were thus brought to my notice.”
The wonderful cures effected by
Dodd's Kidney Pills In Iowa have cre-
ated quite a sensation in some ports
of the state. There does not seem to
be any case of Lame Back, Rheuma-
tism, Kidney or Bladder Trouble which
these wonderful Pills cannot cure.
They are certainly popular here, and
the sale through the local druggists is
very large. *
Discovered Canal* In Mur*.
Prof. Giovanni Shiaparelll.director of
Brera Observatory at Milan, has been
retired after forly-two years of service.
He is celebrated for his discovery of
the canals in Mrs. His observations
on meteorites, on the double stars and
on the planets Mercury and Venus are
of ih« hiirhest. astronomical value.
Needed n Sha\e.
An Atchison man awoke one morn-
ing with a terrible head after a night
of carousal. Having a curiosity to sea
how tough lie really looked, he reached
out for a hand mirrow, but secured
instead a hair brush. Thinking he had
the hand mirror in his hand, lie gazed
at the bristle side, and said: “Gosh, but
I need a shave!” Atchison Globe.
Claim* K|cht to Make Whisk?.
John Christian of Fiber county,
Georgia, the oldest moonshiner in lha
state, was recently put. under arrest
for the twenty-fourth time on tha
charge of illicit distilling. The old
man firmly believes that he has a per-
fect right to make whisky and has re-
peatedly declared that he will do so
as long as he lives.
Allowance* In Knropeuit Arinin*.
Nine ounces of sugar is the extra
allowed in the British army; Russian
soldiers get two gallons of beer; Ger-
man, seven ounces of butter, and Span-
ish three pounds of salt fish.
Moscow’* High-School Cilrl*.
When the high school courses for
girls wero opened at Moscow a few
weeks ago the number of students was
fixed at 200. There were, however,
250 applicants at the stait.
During the first year of the new
century we should all look out for No. i.
I
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Gunn, L. J. & Musgrove, Clyde. The El Reno News. (El Reno, Okla. Terr.), Vol. 5, No. 43, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 24, 1901, newspaper, January 24, 1901; El Reno, Oklahoma Territory. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc912611/m1/3/: accessed May 13, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.