Farmers' Champion (Elgin, Okla.), Vol. 3, No. 21, Ed. 1, Thursday, March 13, 1913 Page: 1 of 8
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Successor to Incliahoma Charhpion
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ELGIN OKLAHOMA THURSDAY MARCH 13 1913
No. 2l
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Farmers'
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D. E. MeAnaw
I umber
" Compa
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Dealers in . . .
All Kinds of
Building Material
Grain Cotton Coal.
Best Mexico Coal
$7 a Ton
.:.'M:-''i'MH'M'4
Attention! Farmers!!
jsfc mve located in .Elfrin pcr-
C manently and expect to do all in
my power to build up the town
and surrounding community.
The fact that I was Cashier of
- . the Bison State Bank for six
years located in a town smaller
than Elgin is evidence that I am
no shifter. Give us a trial and if
we don't treat you right we will
not ask for a continuance of
yolir patronage.
II. P. Wettengel
President.
1 Ltank of Elgin
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J. P. KENNEMUR
... For the Very . . .
Bargains in
GROCERIES
. AND FURNITURE
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See Kennemiir
First Door Wwt of
Post office
Elgin Oklahoma
Mroaressiue
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Kjarmino
WVSWWWWWVMVMWM
This Department is devoted to those methods that
are so wonderfully revolutionizing Agriculture
DRY FARM IMPLEMENT
Importance of Disc Harrow Nol
Fully Realized by Many.
DRY FARM TILLAGE SYSTEM
Principle Upon Which It Is Dased
Art of Prime Consideration In
Any Region of Drought.
I
Has Especial Value to Farmer Who
Uses It Intelligently Helps Re-
tain Soil Moisture In Fallow
Ing and Kills Out Weeds.
Pew farmers real Ire tho Importance
Ot tho disk barrow as u lnbor saver
and as nn Improver of the Reed bed
to say nothing of the various other
ubcs to which it can be put upon the
farm'.
To the farmer of Wyoming tho disk
barrow is a valuable fraploment. In
this state where farming Is carried on
under bo many different conditions of
climate altitude and moisture It has
an especlnl value to tbo farmer who
makes use of it Intelligently says a
writer in tho Wyoming Farm Bulletin.
In Wyoming farming Is carried on at
altitudes ranging from n little above
8000 feet to 8000 feet or more; and
under conditions of rainfall ranging
from 6.6 to 15 IrtcheB per annum. Un-
der each of these conditions tho disk
harrow flndB Its own particular use
and adaptability. At tho state experi-
ment station where the nltltudu is
about 7200 feet the disk hnrroc Is
considered one of the moat valuable
pieces of tillage machlr.nrj and. ts put
to more dlffprontunes upon the farm'
than any other implcmnht.
I mny describe the uses to which tho
disk harrow 1b put on the experiment
farm and on tho best farms und
ranches In tho various sections of
Wyoming under the following heads:
First Following tbo plow to pul-
verlro tho soil and put it In better
tilth for the reception of the seed.
Second Disking land In tho spring
thnt has been plowed In the fall. This
enves replowlng and puts tho soil In
the best possible condition for spring
seeding.
Third Disking ground that has
been cropped to peas potatoes or
roots the previous year. Somo of our
best farmers hold that disking Is uup-
erlor to plowing on such land If It
has been plowed to a sufficient depth
in previous yenrs and thero is plenty
of water for irrigation
Fourth Disking stubble land after
tbe grain Is cut to put the soil In bet-
ter condition for fall plowing. This
is a method adopted by tho dry far-
mer to conserve tho nwUturo In tho
soil and also to put the soil In better
condition to catch and retain tho rain
that falls upon It. The disk harrow
is an excellent Implement for tho for-
mation of the soil mulch.
Fifth For summer fallowing. It not
only helps tho soil retain moisture
but Is a killer of weeds which rob tho
soil of much moisture.
Sixth Disking alfalfa fields and
meadows. The fields become sod-
bound ond disking cuts up tho crowns
of alfalfa loosens and aerates tho sur-
face soil cuts out foxtntt and other In-
jurious weeds and Improves tho crop
generally.
Seventh As a lawn improver. This
spring a part of tho university cam-
pus which had never beon broken was
disked and seeded to native grass.
Also tho Sflurt houso lawn was covor-
ed with manure during tho winter and
this spring disked. The lawn Is now
In excellent condition.
Eighth For cultivating the orchard.
To give maximum yields In the irri-
gated orchard regions the orchard
should be glvtm clean cultivation. This
cau be done by the use of the disk
harrow. The dry farm orchard is also
greatly beneflted by disking and clean
cultivation to destroy weeds And con-
servo moisture.
Taking the variety of work the
thoroughness the horsepower requir-
ed the mm wkh which It can be
handled and Its effect usoa the soil
bo farm machine ever Invented sur-
passes the disk harrow. And even
though the Inventor Is uikftown his
memory la entitled to the blessings
et humanity and he la deserving of
a BMausMBjt.
(By O. M. OLSON Minnesota Btntton.)
In regions whero the amount ot
ralnfnli- ts qulto limited though the
coll lu of a dostrnblu chuructur tor
agricultural purposes a system of!
tillage known an "dry farming" has
been put In prnctlco. Such a system
U not entirely applicable- to regions
of heavier rainfall but tho principles
upon which It Is based uiu of prlino
consideration In any region whore oc-
casional periods of drought are known.
The pructlce of dleHng immediately
following harveBt to ut tho soil to' ab-
sorb possible rainfall and to check
evaporation Is a "deslrnblo one In any
locality; and the principles that un-
derlie Bubsurface packing and suifaco
cultivation aro applicable In a meas-
ure to every locality.
Tho dry-land farmer must keop In
mind that his gravest danger lies In
an insufficient amount-of moisture to
mature his crops lie must save and
storo In thu soil as much us possible
of tho moisture that fulls and care-
fully consorvo It until It Is needed by
the growing crop. Whorover a sea-
son's rainfall Is not sufllclont to ma-
turo a crop or the amount Is very un
certain It Is posBlblo with proper till-
age to carry ovor a greater portion of
one season's rainfall to tbo following
season and thus strengthen thu uesur-
nnco of "a profitable cro'.
Under sucli . a system of tillage
crops aro not grown every year and
In extreme' cases tho plan contem-
plates r crop only every alternate
year. Ill Important consideration
In all dry farming no matter how
frequently tho land Ib cropped is a
careful conservation of nil moisture
and tho system of nltornntd cropping
will servo to Illustrate tho general
principle. After a crop has been har-
vested tho land Ib clthor plowed or
dlskod. This puts the surfneo in a
looseued condition which roadlly ab-
sorbs any rainfall that may coni'o In-
stead of nl'owlng It to wnsto by run-
ning oil'. With the disking method a
portion of tho grain stubble Is chopped
up and mixed with tho surfuco 6oll.
which establishes a better connection
between the furrow slice nnd the sub
soil below whenever tho land Is
plowed. Whero tho land Is dlskod In
tho fall It Is usunlly disked again In
the tiprlng and then plowed In the
enrly summer. Subsurface packing
usunlly follows spring pjowlng and Is
used for tho purposo of firming tho
lower part ot the furrow sllco and to
unite It with tho mibsoll below.
Tho land ts given frequent surface
cultivation during tho Buuimor. hav-
ing lu mind two cftectlvo modes of
conserving soil moisture namoly tho
keeping down of all weed growth
nnd tbo prpsorvntlon ot an earth-
mulch to chock loss by evaporation.
such Immunity to disease as to make
It seem probable that a contlnuancd
of the process year after yonr will
enable the farmer to secure satisfac-
tory yields.
ThlB process however should not
Interfere with a proper rotation of
crops especially when tho farmer
uses his own home-grown seod. Re
Blatant seed thus obtained from any
ot the standard sorts however will
loao tts power of resistance to dls-r-aso
upon failure to follow the plan
outlined. Tho Importance of persis-
tence In nuch following year kfter
year ts shown In the faot that In most
casos resistant seea win develop
some weak plants each yerfr which
produoo light-weight seeds; and these
must be dislodged each season by tb's
fanning mill. Otherwise the power
of rcslstnnco gained In tho original
effort will bo lost Tho experience ol
tho Minnesota experiment station
shows that homo-bred seeds of all
grains aro moro likely to produoe
better results than seeds brought
from a distance or from regions where
cllmntlo soil and conditions are different.
Consideration fer Work Animals.
When n stop Is made turn theV
horses toward the wind. If possible
so that they may cool off. Wheri
they are resting take the load offt
their nicks If possible. Give them a
chance to roll and scratch themselves1
when they aro unharnessod at night
They should bo gtvon a good bed nnd
plenty to eat at ntght and thny should
be watered In tbe morning bofore ther
are fed.
LOSS IN BARNYARD MANURE
Experiments Teach That When Solid
and Liquids Are Kept Together
They Detrlorate.
In handNng tbe barnyard manure-
tho farmer can save or lose hundreds
of dollars annually. A manuro heap"
Is a hot-bed of bacterial activities.
Some of the nitrogen. Is formed Inta-
ammonia and passes lnto'the'atr; this
Ib a clear Iobb. Somo Is transformed!
Into nitrates whlob aro soluble wush-
lug out by ralnB and sink Into tho soil
or run off Into tho ditch; this also Is
a direct loss. Some of It Ib formed by
bacteria Into nitrates and tbeso ni-
trates attacked by another species of
bacteria which change Into nitrogen
gas which passes Into the air and
Is lost.
Nitrogen Is worth at least eight
cents per pound nnd a horso will pro-
duce fifteen tons of manuro und litter
per J ear containing In round num-
bers 130 pounds of nitrogen. At eight
cents per pound tbe valuo of that ma-
nuro Is $10.40. It pays to save It. Ex-
periments liavo taught us that liquid-
and solid manures when kept togeth
er deteriorate mucn more rapiaiy.
Also that the moro compact the ma-
nuro stored away from the weather
tho least loss will result Hero Is a'
hint for the progressive faraier. Our
farmers nood this ultrogw and when
It represents at lettst 1 10 per horse
ono can afford to take a. little butter
earn ot the manure produced by our
stock. Idaho Experiment Station.
FIND CAUSE OF FLAX WILT
Experiments Made by Expert at
North Dakota College Leads to Be
lief Disease Attacks Wheat.
Prof nolloy of the North Dakota
Agricultural Collego has for a num-
ber of years been experimenting to
determlno tho cause of flax-wilt and
to find n remedy for It. The result
has been the production of flax seed
surprisingly resistant to 'disease. Far-
ther investigation has led him to be-
Hove that diseases simitar to flax-wilt
attack wheat and mny be controlled
largely by the methods he suggests
-for the treatment of flax.
Prof. Bolley's experlrc- its lead to
tho conviction that thp flax dlseaso
brings about Immunity to Its own at-
tack nnd that extremely' resistant
seed can bo obtained by the careful
selection of seed which each year
matures on "flax-sick" soil. Beed ta-
ken from a diseased cry "and run In
the UBual wuy through Vie (arm fan-
ning mill until all light-weight seeds
aro blowu out has been" found by
Prof. Dolley'B oxporlmeaU. to be de-
cidedly more r-stMant ie wilt than
thn sort! cHinnr" sow? Tha adop-
tion of thU procedure for several sea-
tflui qu lUulsl; tsJL' sm AtYetogjd
HOLDING WATER IN SUBSOIL
Plow Field as 8oon an Crop Hav r
Harvested Allowing Ralnt to
Soak Into the Soil.
(By A. II. tntDiaif. Knnsiu Agricultural'
College.)
Threo or forir Inches ot rain car-
ried over from ono season to the next
means from 300 to 400 tons ot water
an aero in tho subsoil water enough
to carry a growing crop through any"
ordinary dry weather. It Is possible
to carry even more than this from one
year to another.
Plow the Meld nn soon us the crop barf
been harvestod. It It Is spring or"
BUininor follow tho plow with a dtag.
The ralna wilt soak Into tho soil In'
stead of running off tho surface or
evaporating. Fall plowing should not
bo dragged as there Is danger of the
soil either packing or beconilng dry
and blowing.
Less Tobacco Sates.
Tobacco Bales according to statis-
tics from tho department of agricul-
ture aro materially decrcaulujr
sales of tho past ear averaging W
psr c?ut. eta than the year before.
Wrongly Chastised.
"It sometimes happeu'that In thli
Hfo we are chastised mere severely
for our mistakes than fer' our' mis'
deeds." "Tho Wisdom' of Folly"'
BUea ThornycroU Fewlef fc1
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Soule, J. S. Farmers' Champion (Elgin, Okla.), Vol. 3, No. 21, Ed. 1, Thursday, March 13, 1913, newspaper, March 13, 1913; Elgin, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc69493/m1/1/: accessed April 26, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.