The Sunlight (Carmen, Okla.), Vol. 15, No. 40, Ed. 1 Friday, May 21, 1915 Page: 4 of 8
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THE SUNLIGHT CARMEN OKLAHOMA
Farmers’ Educational
and Cor Operative
Union of America
Matters Especial Moment to
the Progressive Agriculturist
Diligence is the mother of good
luck i
A good 'way to kill time Is to work
it to death
He keeps his road well who gets rid
of bad company
You can’t improve the weather by
grumbling about it
The farmer like the business man
must use modern methods or fail
"Learn more earn more have more
be more” is a good motto to keep in
mind ’
The more alfalfa folks grow on their
farms the less you see of it on their
faces 1
To despair is to put an utterly false
and foolish estimate upon the meaning
of life -
Just as soon as some men get boys
big enough to trust they learn how to
take life easy
A filthy tongue never manures any
poor knoll but it always points to a
poor knowledge
Anybody who adds to thewealth of
the world and prevents waste makes
everybody richer
He who never had temptations to
overcome has never traveled any on
the upward course
When yesterday’s duties stick their
heads in amongst those of today they
crowd the quarters'
The theory that like cures Mike
seems borne out by the fact that
some of the new dances are proving
a cure for the insane
If your neighbor is kind of heart
public-spirited and ’ philanthropic do
not be afraid to say so now Instead
of waiting until' fie is dead
A cheerful atmosphere is the one
we all wish to live in and yet many of
us expect some other member of the
family to furnish the sunshine while
we go around - looking like a rain
cloud
Cultivating kindly thoughts and
mental serenity may be begun at any
time in life but the habit comes eas-
iest to us in our youth and the longer
we use any good quality the greater
the life and the longer we live
KEEPING THE FARM RECORDS
Cash Accounts Labor Cost of Pro-
duction of - Various Crops and
Live Stock Should Be Noted
C By V L MARTiNEAU)
During the last three or four years
the terms "business of farming” has
come into very common use in the
newspapers magazines and in ordi-
nary conversation ' In fact the public
in general is beginning to realize that
farming is a business The sooner
every farmer comes to this conclusion
and applies business methods of man-
agement the better will be his chance
for success
Thousands of farmers today Jreayze
that their farm business could 1 be
changed in many ways thereby result-
ing in greater profiL These same men
are anxious and willing to readjust
their business but a lack of trust-
worthy information as to what
changes should be made is preventing
this step of progress
Now that farming is recognized as a
business it is obvious that records of
cash accounts labor cost of produc-
tion of the various cropB live stock
and any other feature tending toward
better management should be kept in
a fairly accurate way A carefully
kept record of the various phases of
the farm business will make it pos-
sible for every farmer to make intel-
ligent adjustments whenever such
changes are necessary Without such
a record losses due to mismanagement
slip by unnoticed year after year and
the farmer becomes discouraged
blaming the business instead of its
management - It’ is an uncommon
thing to hear a farmer who keeps a
system of farm accounting which he
uses as a guide say that the business
of farming is unprofitable
The time required for keeping such
a record is a very small factor just
a matter of ten minutes per day pro-
vided the record sheets have been
ruled and headed properly
If you are a farmer resolve today
to keep records They will give you
greater confidence in your business
help you to utilize labor and capital
to better advantage and they will al-
ways serve as ytfur surest and safest
guide in developing a more nearly per-
fect system of management
Making a Starting Point
The farmers’ club can be made the
starting point for co-operative enter-
prises It can be used to secure the
farmers the benefits that big business
secures from doing things on a big
scale Many have the idea that noth-
ing can be done unless there is a big
organization This is a mistake The
successful co-operative enterprises
have come from'nfihH'beg!niilnga
Only Cotton to Sell
Six nations it Is reported are now
buying war supplies in the United
States most of which consist of food
and arms and about the only thing the
South has to sell is cotton Something
wrong!
DIVERSIFICATION IS FAVORED
Movement Will Be of Lasting Benefit
to Many Sections— Making the
Farm Self-Sustaining
"The crop diversification movement
will be of lasting benefit to many sec-
tions of this state” said a member of
the Alabama chamber of commerce to
a Birmingham Age-Herald representa-
tive the other day
"The farmers of south Alabama
have shown especial Interest In the
campaign inaugurated by the Birming-
ham chamber which has been carried
on vigorously throughout the state
The attention of the southern planter
haB been directed forcefully to the re-
sults that can be achieved by raising
crops of provisions which are needed
at home such as corn peas hogs and
beef cattle
"The farmers now see the impor
tance of decreasing the cotton crop
as much as practicable and that fur-
ther benefit is to be derived from mak-
ing the farm as near as possible self-
sustaining I believe the production ol
corn will be especially heavy this year
and that much effort will be directed
toward Increasing the pork and beef
supply raised within the state Some
years will naturally be required In
which to develop large beef herds in
this state but comparatively little
time will be required to greatly in-
crease the number of hogs here
"The truckers of the Birmingham
district are also busy and the quan-
tity of imported produce will probablj
be much reduced" '
URGE FARMERS TO ORGANIZE
Leading Worker in Southern Confer-
ence for Education and Industry
Talks of Organization
"The chambers of commerce ol
every industrial city in America could
be made of vast help in developing
their outlying communities and would
find it satisfying and profitable work”
said J F Marsh secretary of the
state board of regents of West Vir-
ginia and a leading worker in the
Southern Conference for Education
and Industry while in Washington the
other day
Mr Marsh was a member of the
American commission which recently
went to Europe to study rural credits
and agricultural conditions His ex-
perience in those countries where ag-
riculture is extensively organized has
convinced him that more thorough or-
ganization for agricultural develop-
ment is needed in the United States
"J was at a meeting near Milan
Italy attended by 2200 small farm-
ers who were listening to an address
on grape culture by a government sci-
entist” he said "I - was in the gal-
lery and noticed various individuals
taking notes throughout the lecture
This is the kind of work the farmers'
organizations are continually doing
in Germany and Italy there are com-
pact and effective organizations of
farmers and those directly affected by
farming”
SOUND ADVICE TO FARMERS
Retired Agriculturist Is Nuisance In
Town — Neighbors Glad to Get Rid
y- of Old Codger
Prof P G Holden the agricultural
expert who has been lecturing in
the West on crop topics particularly
alfalfa in addition to his lecture on
alfalfa gives some good advice to his
farmer hearers Among other things
he says:-
"When you have grown old ' and
rich on the farm don’t move to town
A retired farmer is a nuisance in
town when he moves there simply to
die cheap He is against all improve-
ments because such things - cost
money and he wants to keep his
taxes down Stay on your farm Don’t
buy more land but improve wbat you
have- Put in a system of waterworks
so you can take a ’ath once in a
while Put in a lighting plant so
you can read newspapers and books
without straining your eyes and keep
well informed Stay on your farms
and when you finally pay the debt
of nature your friends and neighbors
will regret your death and there vill
be a procession half a mile long fol-
lowing you to your grave But if you
move to town you won’t have much of
a procession and the neighbors will
say that it is a good thing the close-
fisted old codger is out of the way”
This Year’s Cotton Acreage
Among the estimrtes as to what the
cut in cotton acreage will be It has
been reported that the Texas farmers
mean to reduce their acreage 25 per
cent while Oklahoma will probably
make a cut of 30 per cent says New
York PosL Advices from Alabama
say that the state will probably r re-
duce its acreage 25 per cent and
moreover that 50 per cent less fertil-
izer will be used It is said that the
farmers of that state had not meant
to make so large a cut but were urged
to do so by the merchants who supply
their wants
Woman In Evidence’
Nowadays we often read about the
woman in business and nowhere Is
she more in evidence than on the
farms Every woman is her husband’s
partner but many a man never con-
siders her as such
Day of Power Machine
The day of the power machine on
the small farm has arrived We cm
now find people who are willing to
plow or cultivate or do practically any
work with the tractor adapted to an
80-acre place
RAPE PATCH GOOD
' zzzzz
f
S3
A Profitable
(By JAMES G FULLER Wisconsin Ex-
periment Station) -Sow
a patch of rape It will furnisb
the growing pigs with a wealth of pal-
atable green feed and 'If given a
chance to “come back” will produce
crop -after crop of excellent succu-
lence The most satisfactory method of
growing this crop for swine is to pro-
vide three yards of about equal size
and Beed them three weeks apart with
one and one-fourth bushels of oats and
five pounds of rape to the acre The
first lot of course is generally sown
MAKING MONEY IN
PORK PRODUCTION
Quality Is More Important Than
Size in Breeders — Avoid
Elephantine Animal
It is mighty' hard work to correct
your lack of ability as a feeder by
buying a coarse-boned breeding boar
The best type of swine have been
evolved from the experience of breed-
ers and packers
Quality is more important than size
in selecting the breeding stock
We are at the beginning of a pe-
riod of enlightenment concerning the
possibilities of hog farming
Heavy feeding does not always pro-
duce proportionate gains
At five months of age the pig’s most
valuable asset is about one hundred
and twenty pounds of bone and muscu-
lar development aided and supported
by a keen and natural appetite
Avoid the elephantine hog or steer
—they are freaks that cannot be re-
lied upon to give a carcass of great
value or weight
The liberty of pasture affords the
growing pigs the exercise necessary
to produce perfect health and body
development
Get a farm young man and raise
good hogs
It is a mistake to think we can
find profit in buying milk feeds to
supplement our corn crop and neg-
lect to provide pasture and forage
crops
Coarseness indicates low vitality
sluggishness and slow-feeding quali-
ties The Ideals of the breeder and pack-
er are coming more and more toward
one common standard The demands
of the packers are the reason for
show-yard excellence
When farmers recognize the possi-
bility of exclusive pork production as
a specialized branch of animal indus-
try and evolve systems of farm man-
agement adapted to the business it
will become attractive as a business
proposition and herds of well-bred
bogs will become common in many lo-
calities where few good hogs are now
seen
RIGHT TREATMENT
FOR FENCE POSTS
Pile Neatly and Allow Them to
Thoroughly 'Season — Plan
for Charring
When most farmers prepare to build
fences they set green posts and then
when they begin to rot off at the top
of the ground after four or five years
they grumble and fret a great deal
about the trials - and tribulations of
fencing As a matter of fact If the
poBts are neatly piled in the dry and
allowed to thoroughly season and then
are treated by charring the end which
is to be placed in the ground and the
top which should be slanting is
painted with red lead and linseed oil
they will last 50 or 60 years
Here Is the method for charring
Build a heap of logs 10 or 12 feet long
set It on fire and when burning brisk-
ly lay upon the fire the ends of as
many posts as it will accommodate
crosswise Turn them over a time or
two and when slight coal has formed
upon the surface throw them into a
pile and put on others You can treat
four or five hundred a day and If
Practiced by every farmer when build-
ing fence it would save enough in a
few years to build good roads in every
so mm unity
FOR SUMMER PIG FEED
Bunch of Hogs
as soon in the spring as the ground is
dry enough to work
The pigs can be turned on to the
first lot as soon as the rape’ is from
14 to 18 inches in height and as soon
as they have eaten it down to four or
five leaved to the stock the pigs are
transferred to the next patch and so
rotated from one lot to the otLer
throughoutthe summer 1
If well supplied with satisfactory
forage during the summer months
pigs can be finished for market and
fattened off quickly as soon as the
crop matures
MANY LITTLE JOBS
FOR BUSY FARMERS
Lambing Ewes Should Hae
Proper Shelter — Clean Up
the Henhouse
Sorry you did not fix up a house for
the lambing ewesT May lose enough
lambs to pay for a new one
The spring pigs are coming along
now Thousands die every year from
too much cold wind
Get into the grape vines with a knife
and pruning shears if you know how
to prune Otherwise keep out
Now is the time when the lice get
busy in the chicken house At ’em
with the kerosene can and the white-
wash brush’
What a pity to let the baby chicks
perish in the cold wind for lack of
shelter
The spring crop of calves is coming
now Dehorn them by using a bit of
caustic instead of sawing them off a
year later
Do not give the sow’s nest too much
litter at farrowing time Many pigs
are destroyed by a too full nest
No nest ever made for a hen beats a
half barrel laid on its side particularly
for March weather
The bees will he taking a spring
flight Examine them after they come
back to ascertain if they have enough
food to last till the blossoms come '
A strong spring wind will dry all the
moisture out of the tree roots If left
exposed long while planting
The climbing cutworm is working
away on the newly set trees and vines
these nights Keeps out of sight in
daytime Keep him away by a strip
of stiff paper'put around the plant and
pushed an inch into the soil
Make a fair written contract with
the hired man Saves misunderstand-
ings An hour in the workshop repairing
now will save time later when it is
more valuable
The heavy rains and strong winds
will push over the fence posts
Straighten them up
Potatoes will sprout now if given
light and air
BUCKWHEAT IS BEST
GRAIN FOR POULTRY
Chickens and Turkeys Allowed to
Harvest Crop — Trampling
Down Does No Damage
(By A J LEGO)
Buckwheat is the best grain crop
that we have ever tried to furnish a
foraging ground for poultry
I sow late in July and allow the
chickens and turkeys to harvest 1L
They are all the better for the exer-
cise and’ the 'only cost Is for the seed
and work of preparing the soli and
sowing 1L
Late in last July I sowed about one
acre where the chickens and turkeys
could have free access They began
to work on it as soon as the grains
were filled and were at work on it for
nearly two months
If It is trampled down on the ground
the grains will not damage unless it is
warm enough to sprout them Buck-
wheat will lie on the ground all win-
ter and grow ia the Bpring
A buckwheat stubble makes an ex-
cellent feeding ground for poultry dur-
ing pleasant days throughout the fall
and winter season and the poultry en-
joy the exercise
Our hens pullets and September
hatched chicks are all in fine condi-
tion largely due to the buckwb Ml
to which they have free accesn
ARE NO LONGER
STATE CHARGES
California Children Benefit Under
Provisions of Workmen’s
Compensation Act
SEEK TO -PERFECT THE LAW
8ome Improvements Still Considered
Necessary by the 3oard of Control
—American Corporations Re-
ceive Large Orders From
Abroad
“Prior to the passage of the work-
men’s compensation act 18 'per- cent
of California’ e dependent children
were state charges because their fa-
thers had been killed while trying to
earn a living We now get no more
cases from that source” said Chair-
man Newlan of the California state
hoard of control in an address in
Fresno In discussing proposed reme-
dial legislation the speaker said “The
state board of control is advocating
raising the age limit of aid from four-
teen to fifteen years to conform with
the school law and the child labor
laws It also hopes to eliminate for
all time the practice prevailing in
many counties of giving aid in grocery
orders except in cases where such a
course is deemed wise on proper show-
ing Under the vicious grovery-order
practice in some counties the local
grocer has been' fos many years a
petty tyrant before whom a helpless
mother had to bend or accept the risk
of losing the aid needed ‘ for her chil-
dren” President Curry of the Canadian
Car and Foundry company' which has
received an $80000000 order from the
Russian government for shrapnel and
explosive shells said ' that contracts
far 2500000 shrapnel shells had al-
ready been sublet to 40 American cor-
porations The remainder of the con-
tract 2600000 explosive shells will
be sublet at once President Curry
said that the United States Steel cor-
poration had obtained a $2000000 sub-
contract for steel and forgings to be
used in the manufacture of the shrap-
nel The American Car and Foundry
company’s share will be $1000000
The companies which will receive the
subcontracts for the explosive shells
will include the New York Airbrake
company the Westingbouse Airbrake
company the American Locomotive
company as well as a number of
other industrial concerns
Authentic orders have been received
at Pittsburgh for war material which
will aggregate $35000000 T M Lat-
imer a local broker leceived a wire-
less message from London confirming
the order The deal was closed through
the Empire Trust company of New
York According to Mr Latimer part
of the money will be spent on supplies
other than ordnance
The work of getting ready to start
on the $20000000 shrapnel Contract
which the Westinghouse Air Brake
company at Wilmerding Pa has
closed with the French government
is progressing rapidly As a result of
the big war order most of which goes
to the Crucible Steel company stock
in that company advanced almost five
points
San Francisco unionists are indors-
ing a proposed amendment to the
workmen’s compensation act which
will permit the payment of benefits to
sick or injured workmen immediately
upon their becoming disabled instead
Of waiting two weeks which they are
compelled to do now under the law
At Frankfort Hallowell and Rock-
land Me the granite cutters have in-
creased wages from 42 to 44 cents per
hour and beginning with March 1
1916 and for two years thereafter 50
cents per hour minimum In all three
places there Is an eight-hour work-
day with a 44-hour work week
In the Manchester (England) cotton
mills through recruiting it Is report-
ed that a growing difficulty is being
experienced in dozens of spinning
mills owing to the scarcity of plecers
and it is feared that some of the fac-
tories will have to go on short time
Unemployment has virtually van-
ished The mills of the West Riding
are running night and day manufac-
turing khaki for our troops and cloth
for our allies The armament engi-
neering and shipbuilding works have
never been bo busy — London Mail
Cigarmakers’ locals in New York
will send each a delegate to the hear-
ing to he held In Albany on the ques-
tion of the new factory law by which
it is proposed to limit the number of
employees who may work on any one
floor of a plant
- Boston Stationary Firemen’s union
No 3 announced that the scale for
the coming’ year "calls' for an eight-
hour day with a wage of $333 1-3 and
60 cents an hour for overtime six
days to constitute a week
The British spinning trade - is now
feeling the pinch of the war very se-
verely because the piecing section
comprises young - unmarried men of
the exact age required in the army
and navy
London (Canada) city council has
asked for a ruling from the work-
man’s compensation commission as to
what extent the city is liable In con-
nection with insuring civic employees
There were but 44 strikes in Can-
ada during last year the lowest num-
ber recorded since the department of
labor was organized in 1901 and less
by 69 than in 191$
GRANT A VOLUNTARY RAISE
t
Calumet A Hecla Mining Company In-
creases Wages of All employees
Ten Per Cent
The Calumet & Hecla Mining com-
pany employing 12000 men as miner
and in its above-ground mills an-
nounced a voluntary increase of ten
per cent in pay to all its employees
This -means the biggest single ad-
vance In wages to American laboring
men In years for the amount that
the big corporation gives' its men-will
total nearly $7000000 a year The
pay roll js abbut $600000 a month The
raise goes toi all the employees of the
affiliated and subsidiary companies
and goes 'into effect at once This
puts the pay scale back to t where it'
was before the 1913 strike and all
the mines are now running full forces
at practically full time :
The No 1 plant of the United States
Window Glass company at Morgan-
town W Va is putting into full'oper
ation four additional machines giving
the factory 12 machines working full
capacity The plant has been closed
for many weeks During the shutdown
repairs and enlargements were made
The No 2 plant will be closed down
for a short time for repairs also hav-
ing made a continuous run of '33
weeks The market being short of cut-
let both plants will manufacture this
before working jn glass
Women of New York composing
various relief societies here took steps
toward putting into effect a suggestion
by Miss Anne Morgan urging a perma-
nent organization of women to aid the
unemployed of their sex Miss Mor-
gan suggested the idea to the Emer-
gency Relief committee to help unem-
ployed Jewish girls She said that '
the Vacation -War Relief ’ society of:
which she is treasurer would join in
the work of national organization t
The general strike called at Milan
Italy as a protest against the Injuring ’
of several persons in the riots when
the police refused to let crowds assem-
ble in a demonstration favoring war
went into effect for a time and tied -up
the city’s entire activities - The
shops were closed and even the street
cars were stopped while the strikers
paraded the streets and hooted the
police but cheered the soldiers when-
ever any were met r
- K C Adams one of the officials of
the United Mine Workers in charge of
the ast Ohio strike estimated that
fully 25 miles of fence have been built
by strikers around the community
gardens the union is establishing to
provide vegetables for the men and
their families The department of ag-
riculture it was learned' could not
supply them with free seeds and ap-
peals were made to the wholesalers
in Pittsburgh Cleveland and Chicago
with the result that about three thou-
sand acres were planted
Conservative estimates are to the
effect that in Germany 80 per cent of
the boys and 40 per cent of the girls
leave the schools at the age of four-
teen years to enter some gainful oc-
cupation Edwin G Cooley says that
"when the parental home neglects to
protect them and when the master re-
gards them as only cheap labor great
dangers threaten these young people
and make Imperative special legisla-
tion for their protection" A somewhat
similar condition prevails in Illinois
Twelve hundred men returned to '
work at the Illinois Steel company's
plant In South Chicago The mill men
had been thrown out of employment
by the bursting of a 67-ton fly wheel in ’
rail mill No 1 a month ago when four ’
workmen were killed and the building
‘wrecked Because of many orders the
mill will be In operation six days a
week Instead of four as formerly Sev- -eral
other departments will also op-
erate on a full-time schedule
Justice McCoy of the District of Co-
lumbia supreme court has upheld the
district eight-hour law which pro-
hibits the employment of females in
certain establishments and vocations
for more than eight hours in any one
day or more than six days or more
than 48 hours in any one week
American Federation of Labor Or-
ganizer Santiago Iglesias has secured
advances for agricultural workers at
Yabucca and Maunabo Porto Rico ’
Hours have been reduced to nine per
day and wages raised to 80 cents a
day The former rates were 60 and
55 cents
Every union electrical worker in Ak-
ron O walked out on strike after con- '
tractors refused to meet the union’s -demands
for more money and short-
er hours They asked 45 cents an
hour and eight hours a day’ Employ- ’
ers replied that the demands were too
radical
A British corporal’s letter told how
he was abont to bayonet a German
when the latter frantically waved a
unioncard showing his membership in
the British Engineers’ union' of which
the corporal was a member It saved '
the German’s life v ‘
Loyal Belgian ’ railway men engl-' -neera
firemen and signal -men ‘have
declared a strike and the Germans
without enough competent men to fill
their places have suffered appalling
railway accidents
Detroit’s unlon'-‘Job printers have
presented their wage scale to their
employers t The present Scale Is $19
a week They asked -$2 a week In-
crease for this year and $1 additional
for next year! ' i
New Jersey is notorious for-its un-
derpaid workers Id tbs clothing indus-
try and Its record for strikebreaking
whenever the clothing centers were '
in trouble
At the state convention of Massa-
chusetts carpenters it was voted to
recommend to affiliated locals a uni-
form minimum dues rate of $1 per
month
t
ctj
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Preston, G. A. The Sunlight (Carmen, Okla.), Vol. 15, No. 40, Ed. 1 Friday, May 21, 1915, newspaper, May 21, 1915; Carmen, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc1918396/m1/4/?q=wichita+falls: accessed June 11, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.