The Reporter. (Chelsea, Indian Terr.), Vol. 8, No. 45, Ed. 1 Friday, March 13, 1903 Page: 2 of 8
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Main Features of a Stupendous En-
gineering Work.
*ew V.rk Firm. Hop, Get Cea-
trarla for llaildi.c ttr Ditch-
Pol It leal taprn, of caaal
Trral>.
[8pevi.il Ncc York Letter ]
NEW \OltK financiers ami con-
tractors art- taking- a deep in-
terest in the progress of the
1 jnuma cauol negotiations. it seems
to be the rnu>rn n of opinion that 1
both the I'nited States and the lit-
ti- republie of Colombia are to be
congratulated on the outcome of j
Secretary of state Hays negotia-1
turn*., according to which the I nited
States is to pay 10,000.000 outright
ami nn annual rental of $250,000, the
latter to begin nine years after the
ratification of the treaty. The canal
•trip is to be leased to the United
Mates f„r 100 yearn, with the privi-
l<*ge of renewal; but all rights and
privilege* of sovereignty are reserved
by Colombia. Kven the right to en-
force police regulations in the leased
territory is granted only in ease of
emergency. According to article 23.
in case armed troops are required,
Colombia agrees to provide the
forces necessary;"and if these Co-
lombian troopa are unable to pre-
serve order the I'nited States may,
with the consent of Colombia, brin*
in its own forces. Cnder exceptional
circumstance*, it is conceded, the
I nited States may brinp in troops
without red tape, but in that case
as soon as sufficient Colombian
forces shall arrive those of the Unit-1
«1 States shall retire." Colombia is
U, establish judicial tribunals within
the canal belt; and joint tribunals,
to c onsist of Colombian and Ameri-
«an jurists, shall sit f.,r the trial of
nil cases between citizens of Culom-
bia and those of the United States
I he only exclusive judicial jurisdic-
tion the United States will enjoy in
out into a lake, called Bohio, l^vfc
miles long. Much of this can be
used for the eanal at small coat.
The general course of the Chagres
is northwestward, anu it empties into
the Caribbeau several miles west of
Colon, bavin? flowed through a low,
| marshy country much of the way.
From Lake Bohio the eanal follow*
a different route from the river. It
is proposed to have the bottom of
the canal 150 feet wide. The slope
of the banks, and hence the width
at the top, will depend on the na-
ture of the aoil through which the
I canal, which la to be 35 feet deep, ia
cut.
To the first stretch of 12'/, miles
i southward from Colon there will
probubly be no interruption. In or-
der to reach the level of Lake Bohio
two or three locks will be necessary,
(■en. II. V. Abbot advised having the
lake, whose height will be deter-
mined by a dam across the old
path of the Chagres. only 70 feet
above sea level. The United States
commission adopted 90 feet as the
standard, although in the driest sea-
son this may fall off to 82.
Where the canal taps the lake two
or three locks are to be Introduced.
The commission favored only two,
each making a difference of 42 or
45 feet ill the water level. Although
such locks are feasible, it is re-
motely possible that three may be
j finally adopted, as it is safer to'lock
up and down only 30 feet at a time.
If a third lock is introduced perhaps
it will not lie located close to the
other two, but be constructed nt
1 iger bill. An enormous dam, block-
ing the course of the Chagres, is to
I be built a little east of the Bohio
J locks. Engineers say that there will
be less danger of seepage, or leak-
age through the soil, if there is a
head of only 65 to 70 feet here, in-
stead of one of 90. Still, if there is
another lock at Tiger hill the same
effect would be secured.
A spillway, to discharge the sur
plus water of Lake liohio, will
constructed three miles to the south-
west of the dam and locks, on & small
tributary called the Gigante. A nat-
Th. Marker of Prra... Wk. rat ea
Habbrra In Wet Weather Has
laereasea.
The men who wear overshoes and
the men who wear rubber boots are
increasing in number. It may have
been commonly supposed that there
was a" decrease instead of an in-
crease, but the facts show the re-
verse. says the Chicago Tribune.
'1 here are more men and also more
women and children now who. never
go out on winter days without put-
|ting on rubbers or rubber boots
than there ever were in the country
before. The number of cautious
mothers who will not nllow their
children on the streets without rub-
bers has increased. The number of
men who kick off rubbers when they
go into their ollices in the morning
lias increased. The number of men j
who pull on rubber boots in the
morning ami sometimes forget to
pull them off in the evening has in-
creased.
| The person who says that the rub- i
ber bo.it is becoming a thing of the '
past speaks without reason.
These facts are shown by the in- I
TWINS THE WORLD OVER.
la Saaar Coaateiea On is Killrd aa(
la Others a Uoahle Mirth la Re-
«s <H aa t ahulr.
The antiquary, when his son an-
nounced that the old mnn was now
the grandfather of twin*, looked al-
most as disappointed and pained aa
I the father himself, relates the Phil-
adelphia Record.
"John, if we belonged to the Khas-
ias or llindustans, we would kill one
of these little strangers," said the
antiquary, smiling faintly. "If w«
"ere Ainos. we would kill one.too.
The world over, John, twins are re-
garded as a misfortune. In Africa,
that hut wherein twins are born ia
11Hiked on as unholy. They bum it
to the ground. The twins themselves
may not mingle with other children;
they are compelled to live a wild
and lonely life. On the island of
Bali, near Java, the birth of twins
in a family means the forced de-
parture of the family to the sea-
shore for six months. They must go
to the sea; they must bathe thrice
daily; they must say certain prayers.
That is the ceremony of puri-
fication. They think on Bali Island
By REV. JENKIN LLOYD JONES,
Pauer All Souls' Cbsrcta. Chicago.
CLARENCE
DARROW.
Oft
Cost Cbrouab Prosocrifv A,as for the clcRancics m
vMjji/ i i iiy have drivcn away thc old tiine
hospitality that crowded the fam-
ily board. The hospitalities have
——_____ decreased with the increase of
prosperity. I am jjlad that I lived at a time and under circumstances
when neighbors dropping in were easily persuaded to stay to dinner •
when the simple hospitalities oi the house and home were exchanged
without a week's notice or an engraved inviation.
The last line that keeps souls strangers to one another I think can
never be quite annihilated until they sit down and eat together. We
can scarcely take neighborly liberties with a friend at whose table
we have never sat as one of the family, taking "pot luck," eating what
they would have eaten; welcomed not to the elegancies of thc table
but to themselves.
Would you know or be known? Take the man home to dinner
and the confidences will flow. Frankness will flavor thc talk and hos-
pitality will quicken ideas. After every such communion thc children
will be more docile, thc birds in the cage will sing more heartily, and
f there be a cricket on the hearth it will chirp more cheerily. Home-
makers will make of tlie dining-room more
than a human food trough, however ele-
gant. It is a place where father, mother
and children may meet at least twice a day
in communion and where the world touches
now and then the home life with its
best messages.
Life is still shorn of much that is sweet
and valuable whenever the dining room loses
its hospitality. One more plate for the un-
expected guest should ever be on hand.
Without the skill to use the extension ele-
ment in the dining-room table you may be a
good housekeeper, but you will scarcely be a
successful homckeeper.
W„ r, t CLABKXCE n.tHKpW.
slon. L< oner°o7 m^promlnem'"memb Jn o'^ih^'r^r^T ,hVrlkc
ofun^onakare'^ot^perfectk^l!1*
ss «'s
VIKW OF CILEBRA CUT ON PANAMA CANAL.
the canal jne, according to article
13, will he in cases "between citi/cn-
of the I'nited States and citizens of
any foreign nation other than the
republic of Colombia."
The princioal engineering feats of
the canal arc, of course, of universal
interest just now. The isthmus of
I anama is miles wide in a straight
line, but the canal will be about
•H'/* 1 le long, not including chan-
nel dredging in the terminal harbors.
6*Tum
rati
tuCi.
ROUTE OK PANAMA CANAL.
"The general direction from the
Caribbean to the Pacific outlet is
from northwest to southeast. The
Pacific port. Panama, is about 80
miles further east than Colon, on the
Atlantic. The highest ground is off
to the south, when the elevation
sometimes is 300 feet above the sea
level. The water supply comes from
the Chagres river, to the eastward of
the canal route. That stream joins
tho latter near Gatubos. and widens i
Jural outlet exists here. t>3 feet above
I sea level. Of course, the spillway
must he higher than that to niain-
^ tain the desired level in Lake Bohio. j
; rhe commission proposes to have it
v. feet above the sea. From tlie
Gigante the water will drain off
through swamps t.. the lower
(hagres. a little exc.nating lielpin"
the flow here. It Is expected that
t the <iigante spillway will serve as
an automatic -nfety valve in time of
' floods.
As already stated, about 12'/, miles
of the route lie through Lake Itoliio.
tor fully seven mile- there will he
deep water. Only a little dredging
will lie necessary as Gamboa is up- 1
proached. To the southeast of the '
latter point lies the heaviest work
along the whole route. K„r n,.ar|y
eight mile, (7.H3 to be exact) „ cn,
i the backbone of the isthmus will be
needed to bring the canal down io the
proper level. This is known as the
Culebra cut.. The water will be no '
higher here than in Lake Bohio. and j
ther.- will be no lock*. However, as it |
may be desirable to drain the ( ulebra '
Jewl some tirn.-, gate* will i,,tro- '
dnced near Gamboa (at Obispo.)
It may be remarked, in passing, that
the depth of the Culehra cut l« a rs a I
i close relation to the height of the Bo-
hiodam. The amount of excavation in
the former was less, ned 20 feet „ hen
the commission deci.'ed to raise t|,«'
level of Lake Bohio to 90 feet above the
sea. instead of 70 feet. On the other
hand, if (Jen. Abbof. recommends-
floras ha.l been adopted, it would hav,
- been necessary to go 20 feet lower in
the cut. Part of the material to I* re.
moved here is rock, but a good deal
more is merely clay.
Partly to control the excesses of the
( hagres in very rainy weather, it h„t
been proposed to build a dam n t Mha
ju. Ia. 10 or 11 miles cast of Gam boa,
near the source of the stream. Anartl.
fl.-ial lake there would serve as a reser-
voir, take care of part of the sun,lug "
water «|,en thc precipitation was '
heavy, and thus relieve Lake llohio of
a part of its responsibility. It,
affording storage it would, moreover
be able to reinforce the lower hike in
the dry season.
At the southeastern end of ti,,. (ule,
bra cut. at Pedro Miguel, there is a
drop ..f t,z feet, managed by two locks
At Miraflores, a mile and a third
further, another lock lowers the level
2" feet more. Beyond that point to
Panama, over four miles, I he canal is at
sea level. Dredging in Colon harbor to
the extent of 2.8 miles and at Panama
for :t.r, miles will add materially fothe
work required, but these figures are
not included in the estimates already
given in congress for the eanal proper,
HAKOLD C. UK A IN A ni>.
?rease in the number of factories
turning out such products. In lSa0
there were nine factories in the
nited States. In 1S90 there were
I. Now there are 22. In the past
.en years the business has increased
100 per cent. The value of the prod-
ucts of these factories has increased
rom $1',000.000 in 1SS0 to $41.non.OOO.
In furnishing the rubbers and rub-
ier boots to the public these fac-
ories use $21,000,000 worth of mate-
rial. and employ nearly 15,000 wage-
earners.
ThIna* That Make England.
The recent elevation of a certain
English nobleman to the peerage was
made the occasion of a presentation of
lilver plate from his tenantry,with nn
ad.lri ss of congratulation. The old-
est tenant on the estates got up and
?aid that he had himself attended 70
rent audits, and that his house had
been lived in by people bearing his
name for 200 years. It is little things
like this that make England so sturdy,
substantial and permanent, in compar-
ison with the nervous, volatile, unsta-
| ble life of this country.
Singular Snow i alumna.
I "Kleves penitentes," slightly in-
clined snow columns resembling
j shrouded figures doing penance, are
i a peculiar phenomenon of the Andes
to which Sir M. Conway has given at-
tention. They are the last remnants
of drifts or slides which have 1>«-
eoine hardened in nearly vertical
strata of different densities.
that purification is needed after the
birth of twins. Here in Philadelphia,
John," the antiquary ended, -the
j punishment of the father of twins
Is inflicted in the form of sneering
I Jil es, jokes and cuts. I pity you,
| John, for the next two weeks."'
Women Saline*.
| Questions having been raised on the
subject of the, decision of the, French
; mnritime authorities to allow «omen
to act as sailors in the channel fish-
ing smacks, the minister of murine has
addressed a circular to all the French
1 port officials, in which he sa.vs: "XVom-
| en cannot navigate as captains, but '
according to the French law. thev can-
not he prevented fr.„n embarking at
members of the crews."
The I a e f ti I \ewapaper.
Many claims ha*e been made on be-
half of the modern newspaper, it is
now held forward as the only reason-
able cure both of cold and poverty
If you stretch It over you atnight. it
is better than a warming pan, better
than an eiderdown quilt. If you roll
it up into wet balls and put it on the
fire, it does instead of coals.
Color of Truth.
An American chemist has intented a
tube for truth You speak into it; ihe
chemical solution changes color' ac-
cording to the tensity of your emo-
tion, and truth and mendacity are
j described as being quite distinct and
| vivid colors.
PITH AND POINT.
While it is possible for a man to
achieve .happiness, but few ineu are
fortunate enough to have it thrus
upon them.—Chicago Daily .News.
Whoever pays you more court tliau
ne U accustomed to pay, either id-
tends to deceive you, or finds you
necessary to him.— Courtenay.
Next to knowing when to seize an
opportunity, the most important
thing in |ife j, when to fore-
go uu advantage.—Disraeli.
There are only two powers ia the
world, the sword and the pen; and
jn the end the former is always con-
quered by the latter.- Napoleon.
Puddy—"I suppose you think
spring is the most delightful season
of the year?" Iiuddy—"Well, yes—
except in tlie spring of the year."—
ltoston Transcript.
^ Hard Pressed.—Mlsa Ethelred —
"ITiey say that a paper will keep one
warm." Mr. Byrne Coyne—"That's
true, too. A GO-day note of mine
once kept me in a sweat for two
montli8."--Detroit Free Press.
"Supposing you woke up some day
snrf found yourself a n.llionaire—
What'd you do?" "Go right to sleep
again, so that the knocking of the
tax assessors on the door wouldn't
annoy mo!"—Baltimore Derail).
In real life you may knovy some
one who became rich through owning
a mine, or you may meet a man who
has had money left him, and received
it, but, outside of a novel, or off the
stage, did you ever know any one to
step in and pay off the mortgage
on the old home place?"—Atchison
Globe.
TROUBLES OF AN EXPERT.
Ma rrlage Specialist la l.oalslaaa
Who Sometime* Hh.I I npleas,
""t Ksprrleacea.
AUTOMATIC BABY'S NURSE.
. _ AUTOMATIC BABY'S XIRSK.
ss , «• rrr.-i.s ur.
SAgiaBi
Over in Jefferson parish there is
a man who makes a specialty of
marrying people, according a story
heard Sheriff Marrcro tell the
other day," said a man who lives
across the river, relates the Brook-
lyn Eagle, "and the sheriff was tell-
a rather good story the other
day while talking to a group of
friends. An Italian couple had called
"n Hie gentleman whose official posi-
tion gave him the right to perform
the marriage. ufter consi,,erable
palavering made I: known thnt thev
wanted to he married. They could
not speak English, and it wan som-
time before the man, who is nn ex-
pert, could understand exactly what
they wanted. But the truth was fin-
• wrung from them, and the ,,111
cer n-sured them that he was the
proper |ierson to perform the cere-
mony. It was In his office. Thev
had been standing all the while, and
without further to do about it the
man proceeded with the ceremonv.
At the proper time he aske.l each
or them thc usual question and with
some indifference. He held >,i hook
In his hand all the while. When the
ceremony had concluded the mar-
riage expert said his fee ,vns $10.
Ihe Italian understood this request
It was the first thing he had under-
stood. About that time be began fo
roll out a few remarks in his native
tongue. I„ the meantime a country-
man of the groom's had dropped in
and proceeded to find out wlmt the
matter was. He hcH „ conversation
with the Dalian. Directly he walked
n to the expert and told him what
It was all about. 'Ho wants to gel
the II alian.
VIhat. exels.med the expert, 'why.
the foyil j married Uiui but a min-
ute ago.' 'Then he doesn't know it.
said the Italian, 'and he wants to h'«
married by a priest, and in thu
church.' The expert held on to hii
$lo. The Italian was direct d to the
church and was married again withiu
u few minutes. Up to this good dav
he does not know why the marriage
expert made him give up $10. He be-
lieves he was swindled. But it all
taught thc expert a lesson. He can
say the service now in Italian, or in
Chinese, or any other language for
that matter. He has grown to be an
expert in fact, and you can't stump
him now. 1
"But he has other kinds of trouble,
according to Jefferson's sheriff," the
narrator continued, "and up to a
short while ago he found himsslf
coming out at the little end of the
horn now and then. His patrons had
been in the habit of handing him an
envelope at the end of the servico
with a bill in it. It was his cus-
tom to receive it and open the en-
velope after the departure of the
newly married couple. He did not
tlunk it was exactly romantic to
open the envelope before the cou-
ple lad left. Up to a certain time
he had never received less than five
dollars for performing tlie ceremony.
Some time ago he was called upon to
marry a couple and as usual at the
end of the ceremony the man haml-
«d the expert an envelope. In due
tune he opened it and found that .t
contained a one-dollar bill. The fel-
low was gone ami the expert nearly
had spasms over the small offering.
He said he didn't care much about
!r nDT-V- "\W°Uld marry « man
for no lung ,f the fellow didn't have
he price and would be man enough
to sa) so. But one dollar! It was
an insult to the dignity of the court
and the man who offered it—well the
same was a cheap screw.
IhaUm♦hp ,fl1nnllv '"fgrot the little
incident and kept on marrying people
n the meantime and getting his lit-
tle envelope every time after the cer-
emony—always five dollars and up.
h.°V^ ,T°n " ,on*' rough-
handed laborer walked into his of.
fire with a young woman. She was
clad ,,, a greenish dress, spoke with
rich, sweet brogue, and was not a
>.ul specimen of womanhood. Tlier
™y" V\ppt n,!,rri«J. «o the man
explained in a timid sort of w,iv
and wanted to get married right
here and then. The expert got hi j
St*, J-"1 h'S ,-a'"'timoniouB.
rolled his eyes and 'got busy.' Tlie
usual 7 dos' were soon said, and the
thing was over. The bride „nd
groom shook hands with the man
who had performed the ceremony,
the groom handed him nn envelope
and left. \s soon as the bride and
groom were out of sight the expert
polled ti* envelope out of his pocket
tore the end off r, tul dr.-w n piece of
pnper out, on which he found the.
w^.rds; -Due bearer five dollars'
The expert came very near thro wis*
his service book away. Any ,„Un
who would marry on a due hill well
that was tho limit. But the sl .rv
ended well. Yhe mnn called around
on the first pay day and took us, tho
•lue bill, and he was so happy over
his good luck that he Insisted i n gn-
' g the expert a few dollars extra
and said at that It wa« the best bar-
gain he had ever made.1*
Old, Hat liaod.
Nice Old I/adj- Will jou kindly fell
me if the lady who write* "The Moth-
, 7 eX ft> >v, ek h' j °"r paper
U in.' 1 want to tell her how much
I have enjoyed reading her articles
on The Evening Hour in the Nursery "
Office Uo_\ — That's him over there
with the pink shlit, suiolriu' a i.iiie.—
Il'« lr.fi'o Uaiuo.
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The Reporter. (Chelsea, Indian Terr.), Vol. 8, No. 45, Ed. 1 Friday, March 13, 1903, newspaper, March 13, 1903; Chelsea, Indian Territory. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc185703/m1/2/?q=Lincoln+School: accessed June 29, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.