Kildare Journal. (Kildare, Okla. Terr.), Vol. 5, No. 10, Ed. 1 Friday, April 29, 1898 Page: 5 of 8
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GRAFTING T3 G2AF2 '
' ' -
it IkttM " Dooe M OB
Sim to talk la IImIi Is
-H i u rto - J ‘ -
" Provida a sharp hand-taw pruning
knife or strong pockttknlft a mallet
Jv a two-ttch fcblMl a half-inch cold
' " ebisl or a atrong blunt half-inch
' khimlia ajiadt atrong wall-ripened
threor four-eye euttiOga of laat aea
1 1' aon’a growth of tUe variation to bo
grafted and a flatbaaket or berry-plck-'
er’a oarrying caae la which to carry the
imall toola and cnttlnga ' t
With the 'apade clear away the toll
1 around tb tf collar of the Vine two or
thiW Inches below the aurface 8a w
A the vino horizontally about ' one
loch below the aurface Wlththe knife
or the board chlael if aharp pare away
‘ v the rough aurface (eft by the aaw then
with the broad chlael' hit with the mal-
let apllt the stock la the 'center and
where it will apllt down the atralghteat
until the oh I eel baa ‘entered an Inch on
1 ‘ ’ I I
ii i 1 1
f GRAFTINO THE GRAPE' '
- (Straight -Dotted Line Showa Levl of doll
i ' Curved Dotted Lina Damn Boll and Up-
‘i per Lina Mound 6t Earth) t
thereabouts' With the knife cut the
lower end of the cutting to a uniform-
ly tapering wedge to' match the taper
of the cleft when opened with the
ehlael leaving a bud at the baee of the
wedge and that aide of the wedge
lightly thicker than'tbe other Insert
the wedge of the cutting Into the cleft
ao that the-bud will stand on a level
with the top of the stock and the scion
- ahoufd lean a little outward on the aide
of fha atock in which It was Inserted bo
the growing layer between the bark and
wood comes opposite to the growing
layer In stock and nearly parallel with
ltJthealantpg outward making It euro
that the two growing layers cross and
)tbu certainly aeeure Contact If the
atock is small one graft will do but if
pne and one-half Inch or more fn ditune-
t ter then two— one on either side—
should be inserted Sometimes three
or four scions are Inserted in a very
largo atock by making cross clefts
The cleft In stock Is held open with the
narrow blunt chisel as a lever Inverted
In the cleft in the center of the atock
After t(he scions are accurately and
x firmly act press clean damp soil care-
1 fully and firmly with the 'hands all
around and over the junction of the
’ scions with the stock so as to exclude
the sir I never tie Or wax my grafting
of this kind and succeed with about 00
' per cent The wax Is not nearly ao eon
genial to the vine aa is the damp soli
and much less liable to etart decay
Finally heap up the loose soil about the
scions until only the top eye of each is
left at the top of the mound of soil as
' in cut This grafting In place should be
done just aa buds begin to push In atock
In spring and when bleeding has about
stopped The scions should have been
taken earlier before bleeding began
and kept dormant In cold soil— T V
iMunson In Rural New Yorker
TIMELY FARM NOTES
The earlier In life that a weed is killed
the better They rob the soil of mots-
ture end plant food
’’ A good yield and quality usually pays
a good profit over the cost’of produc-
tion even with low prices i
Good drainage and thorough cultiva-
tion will counteract both the effects
of drought and excessive rainfall
" In sowing sweet corn field corn or
any of the sorghums aa a forage crop
' the better plan ie to sow in drills
' Late seeding often lacks moisture
’ etarts alow becomes a prey to insects
and consequently is unprofitable
The fanner cannot make hiaarm a
success without keeping accounts he
- must know what pays and what does
not -
- In nearly all cases with the spring
crops the early planting should be shal-
‘low and the later planting deeper In or-
der to secure the best germination
i ' One advantage with clover Is that we
inay take off the crop and leave the
land richer than before as the roots
restore morn than the tops take away
Growing a variety of crops in intelli-
gent rotation divides the labor of the
year gives regular employment and
reduces the number of teams necessary
to be kept— Farmers’ Review
1 Seeds for Arid Regions
' Some time sinee Prof M H Hansen
: was dispatched to eastern Europe and
Asia to secure seeds and plants suitable
for arid regions Prof Hansen is pre-
paring a report for publication concern-
ing hie trip covering many thousands
' of miles of travel in eastern Russia
1 Trans-Cnucnsln Russian Turk-stan
western China and SlbeHn 1 About
three car loads of seeds of many va-
rietlea have been secured to be dis-
tributed to state experiment atations
and others these seeds being chiefly
of valuq in the arid regions
TBS FARM CORN CROP
i i i
To Da Its Beat It Rooolrooo Rleh 011
Bltfcer natarsllr r Artmelsllr
'-Uoderdrolood '
' Having bad years of experience I am
convinced there is no other grain prop
grown by the average farmer that will
produce ao much good nutritious food
from a given amount of seed and kind
aa oorn The yield per -acre can he
greatly increased and more acres be
left In clover end grass T do Its best
corn requires a rich soil either natural-
ly or artificially underdralned The
Ideal preparation Is to' plow tinder a
clover sod and treat thin spots to ' a
coat of stablo or barnyard tnamlre o
he to secure nn even growth all over
the field Next ton clover sod I prefer
a timothy aod next wheat stubble! ond
laat of all corn stubble Ground well
plowed It half harrowed Use a good
plow supplied with wheel end Jointer
The wheel makes tbe plow run steadier
and regulates tbe depth The Jointer
throws all the rubbish and sod Into the
bottom of the furrow where it will not
bother !n cultivation and more readily
decay By not making furrows too
wide and turning them at aa angle of
30 or 40 degrees we shall have an Iderfl
place for the seeds Plow as soon na the
aoll Is dry enough to e rumble nicely
from the mold board jl
Before planting tbe grpund must be
worked down into n fine mellow seed
bed The spring tooth barrow la a
splendid Implement to cut tbe ground
np with and if it happens to be cloddy
I prefer a plank drag to a roller Just
before planting use a fine tooth smooth-
ing harrow which will leave the surface
fine and level In planting I nse ithe
wire check rower and plant in bills
three and one-half feet each way It is
easier to cultivate the ground c4n be
kept more level it ia much easier to har-
vest and I get just os large yields when
It is planted in bills aa in drills As
s6on as com is planted begin cultivat-
ing by using a light fine-toothed har-
row and again in three or four days use
the same implement end go crosswise
of tbe previous harrowing As soon as
we can see the corn along tbe row re-
plant missing bills and start the two-
horse cultivator I use a cultivator
with three small sbovela on a side the
first plowing I plow very close to the
corn and after this plowing if tbe
ground is inclined to be dry use the
roller and follow this again with the
cultivator - After this cultivate each
week each time crosswise of the pre-
ceding time shallower and farther
from the corn Continue this cultivat-
ing until grain aqd bay harvest begins
After this I do nothing more to It ex-
cept go through with a hoe In July and
Augnst and remove stray weeds — M
C Thomas to Ohio Farmers’ Institute
DEVICE FOR PRUNING
Althsssh Simple It Will Prove Terr
gSBeetlve lor Use oo Alt )
V - Small Llmhc
-v — 5 -
If 006 eoald stand upon the ground
and reach all parts of tbe tree that need
pruning much more of thin neceseary
work would be done If pruning is at-
tended to yearly! there will be tery few
large limbs to cut -off Fpr all small
limbs the device shown IS the lllustrn-
PRUNING DEVICE "
tlon will prove very effective A sharp
broad chisel is firmly fixed to the end
of a pole long enough to reach all parts
of the tree but light enough not to
prove cumbersome to carry and handle
A simple push with the hands will cut
off all small branches but as for those
a little larger a blow on the lower end
of the pole with a light mallet that is
hnng over the shoulder will sever them
from the trunk Another excellent de-
vice is a similar pole to the tnd of which
a narrow saw has been fitted a saw no
wider than the blade of tbe chisel With
this one can reach tbe highest limbs
from the ground and saw them off—
Orange Judd Farmer ' -
Polish for Old Leather
Take two parts of good glue and soak
in tepid waten until it ia thoroughly
softened then add five gills of water
and two gilis of brandy or common spir-
its rubbing it until it becomes smooth
stir this into the mass and afterward
atlr in two ports of wheat gnur mixed
in cold water Tbe mixture Is then put
over a moderate fire and allowed to
steam off a little but not to boll stir-
ring it well while over the fire It can
be used Immediately or mode up into
small cakes which can be dissolved at
any time In a little water or beer It
can be put on with a brush a thin coat
only being required and afterward
rubbing it with a linen or silk cloth
It veill restore old dash boards of leath-
er or leather tops where the enamel
1 not off— Western Plowman
Gates In PInee of Bars
A gate that easily swings on its hinges
is not much more expensive in first
oost than a aet of bars If all the time
required to let down the bars and put
them up again ia reckoned the bars
must be seen to be much the most ex-
pensive When stock are driven
through bars let down on one aide only
stock driven through will often Jump
over the part of tho bar In the middle
and will thus learn the habit of jump-
ing When a gate swings open It leaves
a clear passage and the contraction of
bad habits is impossible
WOMAN AND HOME
washing the hair
ffbsl Wan IknIS Do to Keep I
to QmS Coodltloa All the
‘i Tear ReaoO -
Ones a week in stunmer and ones a
month in Winter is scoordlng to s'Ntr
York -hairdresser often' enough to
wash the hair “For frequent washings
weaken it Tho scalp shquld be care-
fully dried afterward -The hair should
be trimmed about once a month to pre-
vent it from falling out Occasionally
its condition becomes poor just as tho
general system gets ran down It then
needs a good tonle and thpuld have it
but otherwise hairdressings are gener-
ally to be avoided Brash thoroughly
once a-da? at least and do not braid
tightly at night While care will do
much toward - strengthening week
growths of hair it is after all a mst
ter of temperament I have seen strong
and lusty young women with very poor
hair and' I have seen their opposites
with magnificent locks I knew sa
Irish woman 60 years old who bad bine-
black hair With a satiny luster that was
beautiful It fell below her waist sad
waa so thick that it covered her like
a mantle when ehe let it down I doubt
if she had ever brushed' it a haity
combing through in tha Burning and
a twist with a common1 back comb
stuck in to hold it up was all the dress-
ing it ever got It is such Contradictory
conditions as these that inake it hard
to treat hair successfully”
JAPANESE WOMEN
Aeeeedlaar to This Writer Ther be
Geatle Graoefel Beaattfal sal
eK-Saerlflelps
The women of Japan hove often been
misunderstood says K Mitsukuri in
the Atlantic - Tty ‘those who have
known them they laje been pro-
nounced the heat part of Japan Tkey
- 4 - ‘
s THE CHARMING ETHEL COLLAR
- r - - — — '
Very 8ixnple But Dholdedly Effective Affair' In Blopk Satin and
- ' Guipure Lace
- - ’ ' ' r '
The ’ Ethel collar which by the way la named after Ethel Barrymore the young
American girl who woe engaged to the sou of Henry Irviag consists of e broad band of
black satin tied around the neck and finished with a large bow at the aide The aatin bow
must be e "made up” due and pinned upon
be destroyed Fmiah with hooka end eyes
Around three aide of the collar there
contyiued at the sides in a fichu which fills
various ways one of the simplest of which
have been described as gentle graceful
beautiful and self-sacrificing Not only
in those gentler virtues but also in
some sterner aspects of life the Japan-
ese woman has shown time Sod again
wbat she is made of Anyone
who speaks against the purity of the
Japanese woman knows not whereof
he talks or is a vile Blanderer who would
deprive the woman of wbat is most pre-
cious to her As the mistress of the
family she has as much real authority
in the family as her western sister As
a mother she Is paid great deference by
her children In society a lady is
always treated with respect There are
some respects in which changes-are de-
sirable but on the whole I have no
hesitation in saying the position of
woman in Jnpan is n very high one -
NEW SKIRT TRIMMINGS
Bints on How to Trent Next Sommer's
Skirts tq the Best Possible
Advsntsse '
Summer dress skirts be trimmed
there U np doubt about that Many of
the skirts will be elaborately ruffled
from the hem to the belt ns in past
seasons One of t he latest skirt revivals
is the puff w hich is put on around the
hem This puff Is made Of n bias band
of the goods which is gathered on both
gdges and sewed around the skirt If
v— v
BUMMER DREB8 SKIRT
it be a wash dresa the puff is easily m im-
aged by ironing iu the usual way If it
be a dress that cannot wash tbe puff
is stiffened by crinoline or a delicate
inner lining so that it keeps its shape
the whole season
Lace will be UBed a great deal upon
these skirts and it will be put on in the
form of puffs and ruffles Puffs it may
here be stated will be the most fnali-
ipnable skirt trimming there is Every-
thing is puffs ribbon is puffed and lace
in puffed
TBE LATEST BODICE
Stleatlf Tklnf fer Wean Wh
Have s Lillie lasreaeltr pan Seme
!' Half - Were Waists
' A ticket which labeled a very pretty
waist decoration in a New York show-
room was marlced: '“This bodice $4”
The bodice wei sleeveless and had no
under arm pieces yet it carried off tbe
name of “bodice” because it composed
Imoat a whole waist
It was made entirely of chiffon plait-
ed closely across the back and finished
rv'
r:M&
A VIOLET OVER-BODICE
f
with a puffing- of the chiffon front and
back The dress waa of violet silk em-
broidered with vry tiny violet flowers
with puffs laid in between The collar
was of tho very same design and mate-
rial Around The top of the collar there
was a ruffle of chiffon edged with
yslenclennei lace and a ruffle also bor-
dered the hodr At the belt there was
a large heavy bow of vloet velvet ribbon
which finished the waist The name
bow was repeated in the back This
tha collar or the aymmetry of the neck will
and pin or hook -the bow on afterward
stands a big ruffle of guipure lace This is
nesrly to the belt This fichu ia made in
ia upon a narrow backing of aatin ribbon
style can b highly recommended for a
half-worn waist as there is nothing buf
the sleeves and under seams to show
TWO HUNDRED A YEAR
Mow a WlHonila Teacher Maintain
His Famllv Nicely on This Mod-
est Amount
' A H Zander contributes an nrticlt
to tbe Ladies Home Journal in w hicl
he tells how be maintains a family oi
four persona — bis wife two childrer
-and himself — on $200 per year He is s
school-teacher- and is paid a salary ol
405 out of h ich he saves and puts oul
at interest $200 yearly Living in e
small tisconsin town he has the adv nn
tage of cheap rents his house costing
him $30 per year His other expenses
are: Provisions $9482 clothing anc
footwear $38 magazines and new spa-
pers $5 incidentals $40
"Our meals’ Mr Zander writes “we
find abundant in quantity and variety
For breakfast we have coffee coffee
cake bread axnl butter with eggs oi
fried ham occasionally For dinner we
have boiled potatoes with butter gravy
boiled cabbage or other vegetables anc
pudding or pie and coffee Sometimes
we have pork and beans and sometimes
some egg preparation as potato pan
cakes dumplings etc while with one
meal' in the wreck we have meat Foi
supper we have the remains of our din
ner with friecl or baked potatoes and
eggs We have coffee with every meal
On this fare we thrive w ell"
Sprlnsr Colors and Tints
The spring shades of blue nre Roman
hyacinth silvex Napoleon and barbeau
or blue-bottle The greens are In many
tints with fanelful titles that have cleat
emerald tints and also the deep Rus
siun green becoming to so mnny worn
enj willow the golden green tint anc
leaf in three different shades Glsnjon
da again apponrs the purple slightly
deeper than ttiat of Parma violet and
much like the amethyst are jriurr
shades that have been so popular ic
costume clothss and millinery this wlm
ter
Value et Lemon Juice
The best manicure acid is a teaspoon
ful of lemon juice in a cup of tepid wa
ter This not only whitens and removei
all stains fronx the naild but it loosen
the cuticle much better than suissori
do A dasli of lemon juice too in l
glass of water ls an admirable toot!
wash after the use of onions or any
thing that will affect the breath
ELECTRIC LIGHTING
Bow a Windmill Caa Be Utilised te
Drive a Dynsma la Connection
with s lions Battery
If we mistake not Pr Fridtjof Nan-
len In his last attempt to reach the
north pole bad the From equipped with
a specially designed windmill which
when operating drove a dynamo and
furnished the necessary current for
lighting purposes An aermotor erect-
id on the roof of a building in Park
place In New York city has been for
tome time successfully driving a dyna-
mo in connection with a storage battery
plant the current from which has been
utilized for incandescent lighting
Prom this it will be seen that there is
nothing very new -In the application of
windmills to the driving of dynamos
There are probably several reasons why
the windmill cr aermotor has not been
more unlv? rsally adopted for the above
purpose In the first place such a mo-
tive power is always more or less un-
certain and cannot alwuya beSlepended
upon There may be a calm just at the
time it is found necessary to recharge
the batteries or the batteries may be in
nse when a breeze springs up This
would necessitate having two sets of
batteries at a considerable cost An-
other reason why aermotor have not
been more extensively adopted is prob-
ably due to the fact that current can
now be generated with steam as a mo-
tive power very economically especial-
ly in large quantities The erecting of
an aermotor and the installation of a
number of atorage batteries with a
dynamo means a considerable outlay
of money especially when the cost of
maintenanhe and renewals is taken into
account In certain cases it may be
found that the Interest cn the batteries
generator and windmill with tbe labor
item figured in will cost as much in the
long run a the current could be pur-
chased for on the outside But prob-
ably the chief reason why the power of
the wind is allowed to go to waste when
It could be employed for generating
electricity is the same as that which
prevents the use of the immense power
derivable from the tides in both the
Hudson and East rivers from being util-
ized namely conservatism or if not
lack of progress a slowness in availing
ourselves of opportunities — Electricity
THE OLD HALLWAY
Bow It Caa Be Modernised aad Made
Pleasant and Cost nt a Verv
i Small Expense
1 ' “V
Many old hallwajtt that are now se-
vere in their plainness could be remod-
eled and modernized at a very slight
expense in the mannesuggested in the
accompanying illustration This plan
provides for building n platform at the
foot of the stairway and putting up
another post and partition at its outer
edge Behind this partition is built a
hall seat with cushion the whole mak-
ing of a plain stairway something quite
artistic and modern and that too at
an exceedingly small cost In fact it
REMODELED HALLWAY
would be difficult to find a way :n which
an equally small sum could be made to
do so much to the inside of plainly
fitted old house in the way of giving it
an “up-to-date” appearance
If the old stairway has a small and
somewhat ugly post and rail as many
of the old houses have it will be not
very much more expensive to buy two
new and handsome pokts than to have
a new one turned to order to match the
old onnow in position A post of gen-
erous size does more to give a “rich”
look to a hall than any one other fea-
ture perhaps A hall seat should al-
ways be made with a hinged cover so
that the space w ithin can be utilized for
the bestowal of overshoes etc and in
Bummer for the holding of tennis rac-
quets or the paraphernalia of other out-
door games
The cut shows one feature of con-
struction found sometimes in old
houses apd worthy of being utilized in
the new The balusters are not fitted
into the treads of the stairway but into
a piece of woodwork that shuts in the
i-nds of the steps This gives a much
richer effect 'than 1b secured by the
common method especially where a
ball is finished in natural woods and
where the wood has an attractive grain
—Webb Donnell In Country Gentle-
man Babble In a Sapphire
Mr W 8 Beekmnn describes in Pop-
ular Science News a sapphire weigh-
ing nine carats which contains a bub-
ble that appears and disappears with
changes of temperature He believes
that a cavity in the gem incloses a quan-
tity of carbonic acid gas under great
pressure When the temperature is
such as to correspond with the “critical
point” for that gas under the particu-
lar pressure to which it is subjected in
Its brilliant prison house it liquifies
and becomes as a bubble
A Possible Exception
He — All the world loves a lover
She — But you haven’t passed the dog
Jet— N Y Journal
MAKING REAL DIAMONDS
Bstopfss Scientists Have Invente J
a Machine That Prodaees Gems
of Parent Rsy
After reading this article you can be-
gin right off to manufacture diamonds
and If you are careful they will be just
at brilliant and just as flawless as the
gems produced by mother nature after
1000 years of hard work
We all know that the raw material for
the fabrication of diamonds exists in
abundance though the natural means ’
employed in the manufacture of that
much admired gem are still imperfect-
ly understood It is generally conceded
however that two of the requisite con-
ditions are high temperature and enor-
mous pressure and in availing them-
selves of these agencies two well-known
chemists Profs Moissnn and Majorana
have recently arrived at some encourag-
ing results In his experiments Prof
Moissan mixed some pure iron and char-
coal in a carbon crucible and placed this
In an electric furnace in which he pro-
duced a temperature of over 4000 de-
grees Subjected to this enormous beat
DIAMOND-MAKING FURNACE
the iron rapidly melted and saturated
Itself with the carbon Tbe crucible
was then plunged into cold water and
as iron Increases in volume in passing
from the liquid to the solid state an
enormous pressure was produced in the
middle of the solidifying mass and on
submitting this to a long process of
treatment the carbon was found to have
separated 'into crystals forming real
diamonds
The illustration shows the diamond
apparatus In the middle of an Iron
framework (M M) is a tube (P) contain-
ing gunpowder and on the lower pari '
a sort of projectile or bullet (B) to
which wcb attached a small piece of car-
bon (E) This carbon was raised to in
enormous temperature by means of s
powerful arc formed between the two
poles C and A Gunpowder was then
fired by a platinum wire which the
electric current brought to a white heat
at the proper moment The bullet was
thus projected violently against tho
piece of carbon and the requisite pres-
sure exerted When the apparatus is
opened a fine dust is found which has
aU the characteristics of the natural
diamond ' -
DIRECT FR05 WfiEAT '
Italjr Makes a New Klad of Bread
Which Ie Said to Be Ecoaom-
Ical aad Natrltloae
Italy in the throes of a bread famine
has devised a new form of that neces-
sary article of food It is called “anti-
spire” and is the Invention of M Au-
guste DeBgotte which does away with
the work of a miller For several weeks
the establishment in Rome in the Via
Minghetti did a rushing business until
the novelty wore off and opposition
bakers reduced their prices on white
bread
The “antispire” bread is made direct-
ly from the wheat and a great' saving
in the manufacture is credited to it
After the wheat has been thoroughly
sifted and cleaned it is subjected to a
bath in tepid water for several hours
When it has thus been soaked it is
poured into a machine which reduces
it to a homogeneous paste This ma-
chine is composed of a double line oi
thin spirals working in opposite direc-
tions By these spiiuls the softened
wheat seeds are well kneaded At the
end of the spirals is a double cylinder
which receives the paste and makes il
still more compact and ready for shap-
ing into loaves and baking
The quality of the bread mrde by the
new process is variously estimated Ex-
cellent judges and unprejudiced prac-
tical bakers admit its excellence and
Bay any taste can be suited by having
due regard to the leavening manipula-
tion and treatment in the oven Italian
experts who have investigated the mat-
ter express themselves favorably upon
its digestive properties and pronounce
it most nourishing In color the “anti-
spire” bread is very brown its odor is
agreeable and taste quite palatable
A cardinal virtue claimed for it is that
it never gets moldy and will remain
“fresh” for days
The Velocity of Thoaarht
The rapidity of thought is limited
and voluntary action of the muscles is
slow in comparison with the involun-
tary movements of which they ara
capable The researches of Messrs
Broca and Kichet show that in ten sep- ’
arate impressions is the average high-
est limit of brain perception The ex-
periments prove that each excitation
of the nerves is followed by a brief
period of inertia and during this
period no new or appreciable impres-
sion can be made An individual's vol-
untary movements of any kind cannot
exceed ten or twelve per second al-
though to the muscles acting inde-
pendently of the will as mnny as 30 or
40 per second mny be possible
Lnbor-lsv Insr Machinery
In the construction of the Manchester
ship canal there were in use over 100
steam navvies capable of filling 750
wagons representing 3750 tons for a
day's work of 12 hours Each machine
was calculated to do tho woik of 2000
men In ndditlon from 8000 to 17000
men and boj s were employed
J
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Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Johnson, Jeremiah. Kildare Journal. (Kildare, Okla. Terr.), Vol. 5, No. 10, Ed. 1 Friday, April 29, 1898, newspaper, April 29, 1898; Kildare, Oklahoma Territory. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc1817156/m1/5/?q=War+of+the+Rebellion.: accessed July 8, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.