The Norman Transcript. (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 09, No. 51, Ed. 1 Friday, October 7, 1898 Page: 3 of 8
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I
MIRY AND POULTI >V dust 'n our tea, basswood ki our hams
• and sand in our sugar, but the eggs
cannot be successfully counterfeited.
Our little friond, the hen, with her mar-
velous inside fixtures, will still con-
tinue at the old stand, putting her
humble grist together and shelling out
this most miraculous of animal prod-
uct, the egg.—H. W. Colllngwood.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.
tlow Pufrfmfiil
Department o
IliutA a* to t
and Poultry.
Fanners Operate ThU
the Farm—A Few
• Care of LUt Stock
Fce<l for Dairy Cow*.
the last issue of The Farmers'
?<y3View we began the publication of a
Paper read by Mr. A. G. Judd on the
cheap production of milk. It should
.be understood by pur readers that The
Farmers' Review does not necessarily
Spsree with every view advanced in
reticles published in its columns, as
pe all recognize that it is only fair
bat both sides of a case should be
Aii'd. So in the paper In question
.here are some views expressed by Mr.
Wudd that we are compelled to regard
M erroneous. The gentleman in ques-
lon takes the ground that the old way
it feeding dairy cows, that is, giving
hem the food in the rough and letting
hem shred the fodder and grind the
krai* is the best. Most of our expe-
rienced dairymen do not accept this
iew of the matter. They believe it
as been well proven that the silo is
paying institution and also that the
grinding of grain and even the scald-
ing of it in many instances pays well.
Mr. Judd sticks to the dry fodder
regime and thinks he is making money
/'.by so doing, but our best experiment-
ers have found very different results.
The figures are not given by Mr. Judd
to prove his case, but the experiment
stations have carefully compiled fig-
ures that go to show a decided advan-
tage of the silage over the dry fodder.
At the Vermont station, in a test, 14,-
262 pounds of green fodder corn when
dr[Jd, fed with a uniform daily allow-
ance of hay and grain, produced 7.6S8
pounds of milk; 14,262 pounds of green
fodder corn converted into silage, and
j fed with the same daily ration of hay
and grain, produced 8,525 pounds of
| milk.
At the Wisconsin station the results
were: From 29,800 pounds of green fod-
der were obtained 24,440 pounds of sl-
Co-oporntlve Dalrylug in Canada.
The Dairy World of London, Eng-
land. says: Mr. C. C. James. M. A.,
In an address before the Political
Science Club of Toronto University,
deals in an able and interesting man-
ner with the development of agricul-
ture in Ontario, and traces the growth
of the co-operative movement in the
Province. He says:
We now come to the period em-
bracing the thirty years just ended,
1867-1897. The main feature of this
period is the rise of dairying as a spe-
cialty—It is the age of the coming in
of the cheese factory and the creamery.
In 1851 the first co-operative cheese
factory had been started near Rome,
in Oneida county, New York state, and
soon after factories sprang up by the
score in the Hudson valley and to the
west and north. In 1861 Harvey Far-
rington of Herkimer county, New York
state, with commendable enterprise,
crossed over into this Province (On-
tario) and started the first factory at
Norwich, in Oxford county. By 1867
there were half a dozen more. In 1883
the number had grown to 635, and in
1896 there were in operation no less
than 1,147 that produced 104,000,000
pounds of cheese. The gross value of
the factory cheese made in this Pro-
vince last year was approximately 12,-
000,000 dols.
A word or two as to the co-operative
companies. The farmers of a town-
ship desire to organize a company.
Half-a-dozen or more draw up an
agreement in accordance with a spe-
cial act passed for the purpose, and
register the agreement at the local
registry office. Sufficient money is
subscribed to erect, a factory and equip
it. A committee of management is ap-
pointed. Fifty or more farmers agree
to send their milk dally to the fac-
tory, where it 13 made into cheese or
butter by an expert. Careful record
Cavalrj Horse*.
There can be no doubt that the fu-
ture will present a good market for
cavalry horses, both on the Eastern
and on the Western continent. In
spite of the proclamation of the czar,
armies will still continue to exist and
horseflesh will still be a large part of
the demand. Perhaps no arm of the
service is harder to supply than the
cavalry, this being due to the fact
that it is very hard to find suitablo
horses for the work in question. Be-
fore the recent war with Spain, some
army officers were sent West to look
up horsp3. One of these said that ho
found good horses very scarce. There
were many horses, but few of them
had the points desired in a cavalry
horse.
We may expect that year by year
tho Americans will obtain a greater
share of the trade in the horses used
by the European armies. Hitherto tho
foreign governments have tried to fos-
ter the breeding of horses fit for army
use, and in France this has taken the
form of the nationalization of the best
stallions. But within a few years we
have seen American horses pouring in-
to the European countries, and we may
expect to see the custom become fash-
ion. The American has great advan-
tages in his competition with Euro-
pean breeders. The only thing that
can defeat our progress in this mat-
ter is the breeding of poor stock. Let
the Europeans once become convinced
that the American horses are of in-
ferior stock and we will lose our horse
trade as we have already lost our
trade in cheese. The movement for
the breeding of the best quality of
horses should bo pushed. Wo can-
not afford to send scrubs to the mar-
ket to be inspected by European buy-
ers as samples of American horseflesh.
Let us breed up and not down. Then
when the European buyer comes along
he will have such a good opinion of
American horses that he will become
the best kind of an advertisement for
us. Farmers that intend to breed good
horseflesh should form associations in
each locality, in which associations the
needs of the trade can be discussed
and steps taken to secure the services
of first-clas3 st&llions. In this way
only can we hope to accomplish much
good.
stone kith a history
It Marks the Beginning of the First Railroad
In the United States, the
Baltimore and Ohio.
After being lost for fifty long years i of the foundation stone, beneath which
THE
HACKNEY
MA UK
LADY .SARAH
A NOTED ENGLISH PRIZE WINNER.
or more the celebrated corner stone
of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad has
been found and is ready to be viewed
as one of the sights of a century al-
most gone. It does seem strange that
such an important and valuable relic
ss a railroad corner stone should be
lost for years and years. One would
think that personal pride on the part
of a great corporation would have pre-
served its location in its archives, but
what is everybody's business proved
in this case that nobody attended to
it. Several months ago, some seeker
for the unusual developed the fact that
the B. & O. would be seventy years
old on July 4, 1S98. A search of Bal-
timore libraries and the stalls and
stores of ancient book sellers brought
to light some very Interesting data and
then the question was asked, "Where
Is the corner stone?" Everybody knew
that there had been a corner stone laid
with such impressive ceremony and
pomp of parade, that books have been
'.Mitten about it, but no one knew
"'here It was. 1 he oldest employe had
forgotten, and there wa3 nothing In
the maintenance of way archives that
would locate it. Then came a search.
It must be in Baltimore and noar
where the first rails were laid. An old
pamphlet gave the first clue. The B.
& O. began near what is now Mount
Clare Junction, near the great B. &
O. shops in the southwestern part of
Baltimore. After several weeks' pa-
tient search the only railroad comer
stone was located, three foet below Hie
surface and very near the present
tracks. Steps were at once taken to
protect it from vandals and now a
new base is being chiseled from mar-
ble, an ornamental iron fence forged,
and before long this seventy year old
lelic will be lifted from Its under-
ground resting place and be exhibited
on the exact spot where the venerable
Charles Carroll of Carrollton laid it
almost three-quarters of a century ago.
The inscriptions are perfect and the
contents are as described in a pam-
phlet issued soon after the Important
event. This pamphlet contains a care-
fully written story, and some interest-
ing extracts are taken from it.
It says: "The celebration of the
Fourth of July, and the ceremonies at-
tending thp commencement of the Bal-
timore & Ohio railroad, brought to
town a great concourse of strangers a
day or two before the celebration. On
the afternoon and evening immediately
and parallel with the ridge, lay a long
and level plain, in which the proce
sion formed on Its arrival, facing to
wr.rds the pavilion. The cars were
drawn up in a body on the left, and
inclining towards the rear of the pa-
vilion. The Masonic bodies formed
large hollow square around the first
stone. The spectacle presented from
the pavilion was gay and splendid In
a very high degree.
"The i eremonles were commenced Ijf
a prayer by the Rev. Dr. Wyatt, Ma
sonic grand chaplain; the vast audi-
ence uncovered their heads, when Mr,
Heath, after an eloquent preface, read
the Declaration of Independence. The
Carrollton March, composed by Mr.
Clifton, being then performed, Mr
John B. Morris delivered an address
from the president and directors of the
company."
On the conclusion of the address
two boys dressed as Mercuries advanc-
ed to the canopy and prayed that the
printers might bo furnished with
copy of tho remarks and address Ji t
delivered, that they might be printed
and distributed to the people.
The deputation from the Black-
smith's association next advancing,pre-
sented Mr. Carroll the pick, spade,
stone hammer and trowel, prepared by
them for the occasion, and which are
now in the Masonic Temple In Balti-
more.
Next came the stone cutters, who
prepared the stone while Gen. Carroll
tossed aside the first spadeful of earth.
Tho writer of the pamphlet then gives
a detailed account of the proceedings
of laying the stone, with impressive
Masonic ceremonies.
The following is the Inscription:
"This stone, presented by the stone-
cutters of Baltimore in commemora-
tion of the commencement of the Bal-
tlmore & Ohio railroad, was here
placed on tho Fourth of July, 1828, by
the Grand Lodge of Maryland, assisted
by Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the
last surviving signer of the Declara-
tion of American Independence, and
under the direction of the president
and directors of the railroad company."
On each side of the stone was this
inscription:
'First stone of the Baltimore &
Ohio railroad."
In a cavity of the stone was depos-
ited a glass cylinder, hermetically seal-
ed, containing a copy of tho charter
of the company as granted and con-
lage, which, fed with 1,613 pounds ol
,hay and 2.8S4 pounds of grain, pro-
| duced 7,496 pounds of milk, containin?
j 340,€ pounds of fat.
I From 29.S00 pounds of green fodder
| were obtained 7,330 pounds of field-
! cured fodder corn, which, fed with
. 1,567 pounds of hay and 2,743 pounds
[ of grain, produced 7,119 pounds of
, milk, containing 318.2 pounds of fat.
v At the Vermont station the silage
| ration produced 837 pounds, or 11
per cent more milk than was obtained
of the fodder ration. At the Wisconsin
station the silage ration yielded 377
pounds more milk and 22 pounds more
fat—a difference in favor of silage of
5 per cent in milk and 6 per cent in fat.
These figures are from the book of
Professor Henry on "Feeds and Feed-
| Figuring on liens.
i Figures do not lie, although thoy will
, lie iieavy on a fellow's pocketbook
; when they go wrong. Comparatively
'jfew Americans ever "become mlllion-
kj)t"-es in fact. It is, however, a glorious
WSivIlege afforded most of us that we
may be millionaires in theory. My
grandfather owned a whale oil fac-
tory I at Plymouth, Mass. I am told
|that iseventy-five years ago he made
gome remarkable figures. He said that
lln the year 1900 there would be 75,-
lOOO.OOO people in this country; that
Iwbale oil would be worth $16 a pound
•because it would be the chief lighting
Ifluld, and that every one of his giand-
chlldren would be a millionaire. Now
iwe have the population that the old
'gentleman prophesied, but the whale
ships are rotting at the wharf in New
Bedford, and I lack nearly 5909,000 of
being a millionaire. The figures were
right In their day, but the old gentle-
man could not know that some day
is kept of the milk supplied by each
patron, and also of its quality in value
for cheese or butter. The products are
sold and tho surplus, after taking out
the cost of making and selling, Is di-
vided among the patrons according to
the amount of milk that each patron
sends. In 1S96 there were 57,635 pa-
trons of the 1,147 cheese factories.
Following the success of the co-oper-
ative cheese factory has come the co-
operative butter factory or creamery.
Inside of ten years it is probable that
the making of dairy butter at home
will become as rare as is the making
of cheese at home, and a factory sys-
tem of butter-making will be establish-
ed far greater in extent and impor-
tance than is our present cheese fac-
tory system. I say "far greater" be-
cause the consumption of buttar ex-
ceeds that of cheese.
Shapes of l-.'ggs.
Various attempts have been made to
account for the diversity in shape seen
in eggs. A recent study convinces Dr.
Nicolsky that the differences may be
all traced to gravity, and he finds hl3
idea confirmed by all the egg3 in the
zoological collection of the St. Peters-
burg university. He supposes that
pressure by the sides of the ovary
tends to elongate the egg before the
shell has hardened. In birds which
keep a vertical position while at rest,
as do the falcon and the owl, the soft
egg is made short by the action of the
weight of tho body against the ova-
rian pressure; while in tho birds that,
like the grebe, are nearly always swim-
ming the egg is lengthened because the
birds weight acts with the compres-
sion of the ovary. The egg is made
more pointed at one end than in the
other in birds that, like the gullemot,
prospector^would bore ahote into the are frequently changing their position
_ .v, sometimes swimming and diving
[ground and start the world Into a blaze
of light with petroleum. The world is
■happier and brighter because I am not
i millionaire from the profits In whale
till. I am happier because I have the
eat privilege of figuring out a profit
the chicken business. What 1 want
^sa") Is that while figures may go
vrong in some lines of business, it is
always safe to figure on chickens.
Irbere can be no ghost of a substitute
\o rise up and call us down. We may
have lime in our flour, lard in our bui-
lt,>r, peanut shells In our coffee, saw-
sometimea perching on the rocks, etc.
—Scientific American.
A Brazilian has patented an artificial
tooth, which is hollow and has a valve
In one side through which the air 13
exhausted to cause the tooth to grip
the jaw after the tooth ha3 been fitted
to the gum.
Exterminate Poultry Diseases.
It is probably easier to exterminate
poultry diseases than the diseases that
affect any other kind of stock. This
is because poultry can be kept iso-
lated. Horses are constantly meeting
and coming into the vicinity of other
horses. Cattle run in adjoining pas-
tures. Hogs are transported from
place to place and are great roamers
In their pastures. But fowls may be
kept practically Isolated. It is even not
common for hens on one farm to
mingle with those of the next.
We believe that with a proper man-
agement, the poultry diseases may be
practically exterminated. Have the
feed right and then keep ail things
scrupulously clean. Let in the sun
and keep the dust box full of good
dust. Give fresh water every day.
These will mean that the hens will b«
lree from disease. Were these things
observed universally there is no doubt
that some, if not all, of our contagious
diseases among poultry must soon die
out. Where a flock has a certain dis-
ease the fowls could be allowed to die
oi be killed and the place where they
hid been kept used for keeping fowls
no more for at least a year. It is our
observation that there are many flocks
where disease is practically unknown.
A good many poultrymen know noth-
ing of the cholera, except what they
read in the papers. Clean up and ex-
terminate the diseases.
v"^—~ "• -~"rvrr
by subscribing for half a million of
dollars of its stock March 6, 1828. Anil
the construction of the road was com-
menced July 4, 1828.
There was a grand civic procession,
escorting the gentlemen who were to
participate, and it included the farm-
ers and planters, the gardeners,
the millers and flour inspectors,
the tailors, blacksmiths and
whitesmiths, the steam engine makers,
rollers of copper and iron and mill-
wrights, the weavers, bleachers, dyers,
and manufacturers of cotton and wool,
tho carpenters, lumber merchants and
planemakers, the stone cutters with
the corner stone, the masons and
bricklayers. In the following order
came the painters, cabinetmakers,
chairmakers, ornamental chair paint-
ers, tanners and curriers, cordwalners,
hatters, turners and niachlnemakers,
coopers, saddlers and harnessmakers,
coachmakers, coach trimmers, coach
painters, cedar coopers, coppersmiths,
brass founders, tin plate workers,
printers, book binders, watchmakers,
jewelers, silversmiths, engravers, glass
cutters, ship carpenters, boat builders,
ropemakers, riggers, sallmakers, pilots,
ship captains, mates and seamen,dray-
men and the numerous societies of the
city of Baltimore.
1 he floats, Interesting as they were
throughout, were too numerous to
mention. A great ship drawn on floats
and manned with a "full" crew fur-
nished the principal amusement to the
delighted people. The old accounts
use the word "full" with a double
meaning, as the log of the good ship
I nion provos that the crew were
very convivial Bplrits.
The site of the present location of
the corner stone can be seen In the
accompanying photograph, the hole be-
ing covered by some old cross ties.
As soon as the new base and fence are
finished the stone will be lifted out
and places upon this spot.
.
III E
BURIED
SITE OF THE CORNER-STONE OF
FOl'ND RECENTLY. STONE LIES
CROSS TIES.
& O. RAILROAD AS
SIX FEET UNDER THE
Be careful how the new grain Is fed.
It is liable to produce cases of what
you will probably call cholera.
Cost of Kg£S.
Experiments in feeding and in com-
puting the value of eggs, show that 1/
no estimate is made for labor, one doz-
en c-ggs can be produced at a cost of
about six tents for food, or about half
a c*nt per egg. If all of the food al-
lowed to hens were converted Into egga
the profit on a dozen eggs would bo
large, even when prices are very low,
but much depends on whether the hens
convert the food into eggs,flesh or sup-
port of tho bodies. It is a fact dem-
onstrated, however, that when a dozen
eggs are marketed they carry from the
farm but little of the nutritious ele-
ments of the soil in proportion to their
value in market, and on that account
they are as profitable as anything that
can be produced on the farm.—Poultry
Keeper.
What can t be cured shrould be well
Insured.
preceding, all the roads in town were
thronged with passengers, while in
the city itself, the lively and incessant
crowds in Baltimore street, the move-
ment of various cars, banners, and
other decorations of the trades to their
several points of destination, the erec-
tion of scaffolds, and the removal of
window sashes, gave many 'notes of
preparation' for the ensuing fete.
Fortunately the morning of the Fourth
rose not only bright but cool, to a
great comfort of the immense throng
of spectators that from a very early
hour filled every window in Baltimore
street, and the pavement below, from
beyond Bond street on the east, far
west on Baltimore street, extending a
distance of about two miles.
"About ten o'clock the procession
reached the spot on which the founda-
tion stone of the railroad was to bo
placed—a field two miles and a quarter
from town, south of the Frederick
turnpike road, and near Carroll's up-
per mills, on Gwynn's Falls. Through
the middle of this field runs, from
north to south, a ridge of an elevation i ed April 23, 182
of perhaps thirty feet; in the center, j organized April
and on the summit of which was erect-
ed a pavilion for the reception of
Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the pres-
ident and directors of the railroad com-
pany, the engineers, the mayor and
city council, and the orator of the day.
Among the guests In the pavilion wire
also the speaker of the house of rep-
resentatives of the United States, Gov.
Coles of Indiana, the members of con-
gress and the legislature, the Order of
Cincinnati and Revolutionary Soldiers,
Col. Grenier and Gen. Dovereux. On
either side of the pavilion, ahd along
the line of the ridge, was arranged the
cavalry. In front of it toward the
cast, and on the brow of the ridge,
was the excavation for the reception
firmed by the states of Maryland, Vir-
ginia and Pennsylvania, and the news-
papers of the day, together with a
scroll containing these words:
" 1 his stone is deposited in commem-
oration of the commencement of the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad, a work
of deep and vital interest to the Ain-
No Rayera for Gol.l coin.
• There is an old story to the effect
that In order to win a wager a man
once stood on London bridge for an
hour with a tre? full of sovereigns Ln
front of him, and offered the coins for
sale to passersby at a halfpenny each.
Nobody would purchase, and the wager
was won. An antique and curio dealer
in Seymour place, Marylebone road, ex-
hibited In his window on Thursday.
!■ l'iday and Saturday last, as the result
of a wager, 20 English sovereigns mixed
with other coins, the collection being
surmounted with a ticket bearing tha
words: "These coins 15s 6d each. For
few days only." Although mixed
with other coins, the sovereigns wero
the most conspicuous, Strange to say
there were no purchasers. One timid
individual went into the shop and
nervously inquired if the coins were
good, He was told by the shop-
keeper that the coins were there to be
sold at the price marked, but no cither
information could be given. He left
ithout purchasing. Yesterday morn-
ing I he news got around Marylebone
that sovereigns were to he had for 15s
6d. But it was too late. The trader
had won the wager and withdrawn his
collection of sovereigns, at any rate
from the window of his shop.—Pall
Mall Gazette.
VTIint tho Word "Grog" Came From.
Tho word "grog" has a curios his-
tory. It comes in a roundabout way
from the French "groa-graln," of
which our English "grogram" is a cor-
ruption, meaning a stuff of coarse
and heavy texture. Bluff old Admiral
Vernon, who commanded the English
navy jn.^t before our war of independ-
ence, wore breeches made of this ma-
terial, and was nicknamed from that
circumstance "Old Grog." Ho used to
have his men mix water with the rum
that was always served to English sai-
lor. as part of their rations, and hence
any dram mixed with water came to
be called "grog," and the place where
such things are sold a "groggery." j
One fteRBom
"I wonder why Spain can't float a
war loan?" "Because she sunk tho
Maine."—New York Evening Journal.
LAW POINTS.
The mixing or mingling of articles
of food which are wholesome and nu-
tritious and the sale thereof is held, in
Dorsey vs. state (Tex.), 40 L. R. A. 201,
« i , to be a lawful act which the state can-
encan people. lis accomplishment will not ma!(p crimlnaI.
confer the most important benefits up-
on this nation by facilitating its com- j
merce, diffusing and extending its so- j
cial intercourse, and perpetuating the j
happy union of the confederated j
states."
The first general meeting of 'he cit- I
izens of Baltimore to confer upon the
adoption of proper measures for un-
dertaking this magnificent work was
on the 2d day of February, 1827. An
act of incorporation by the state of
Maryland was granted Feb. 28, 182
and was confirmed by the state of Vli
ginia March 8, 1S27.
Stock was subscribed to provide
funds for its execution April 1st, 1827.
The first board of directors was elect-
The company was
4, 1827. An examin-
ation of the country was commenced |
under the direction of Lieut.-Col. Ste- j
phen H. Long and Capt. William C. j
McNeill, United States topographical
engineers, and William Howard, Unit-
ed States civil engineer, assisted by
Lieuts. Barney, Trimble and Dillahnn-
ty of the U. S. artillery, and Mr. Har-
rison, July 2, 1827. The actual sur-
veys to determine the route were be-
gun by the same officers with the ad-
ditional assistance of Lieuts. Cook,
Gwynn, Hazzard, Fessenden and
Thompson, and Mr. Guion, Nov. 20,
1827. The charter of the company was
confirmed by the state of Pennsylvania
Feb. 22, 1828. The state of Maryland
The right of a stockholder to set up
the illegality of the scheme of the cor-
poration to defeat his liability on a
subscription to stock is denied in Card-
well vs. Kplly (Va.), 40 L. R. A. 240,
where the illegality did not appear on
the face of the contract o-f subscription
or the prospectus therein referred to
and creditors had relied on the suB-
scriptions.
The indorsement of a consignor of a
hill of lading providing for delivery to
'• | his order is held, In Chicago Packing
and Provision company vs. S., P. & W.
1 R. R. Co. (Ga.), 40 L. R. A. 367, to make
| the indorsee a consignee and delivery
to him is justifiable, although he does
I not surrender the bill of lading in ac-
j oordance with a stipulation thereon re-
| quiring its surrender before delivery.
A statute limiting the rights of a
citizen to contract with reference to
his property is held, in Dennis vs. Mo-
aes (Wash.), 40 L. R. A. 302, to be valid
only when it tends to promote the pub-
lic good in some way. Otherwise it is
an unwarranted interference with his
rights. Th a case denies the validity
of a statut which attempted to limit
the right t i enforce a debt secured bv
mortgage to the property morgaged
whether • eulty or rfcattcls
It is estimated that since the bogln-
] ning of the historical era 13,000,0c -r
I sons have verished In earthqtt
Why hasn't tbe man who It,,., la *
became a stockholder in the company j garret a good outlook?
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Burke, J. J. The Norman Transcript. (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 09, No. 51, Ed. 1 Friday, October 7, 1898, newspaper, October 7, 1898; Norman, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc137429/m1/3/?q=music: accessed July 18, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.