The Wapanucka Press (Wapanucka, Okla.), Vol. 17, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 1, 1917 Page: 3 of 8
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WAPANUCKA PRESS
THE WAPANUCKA PRESS FARM PAGE
as"
fe is prepared for the benefit of om; farmer friends and all articles are contributed by expert author-
farming subjects. You will find every srticle on this page of interest to you.
OBEKJFJOTAIO
Tendency to Spread in Various
Parts of United States.
cause of 'streak' unknown
Hosaic AMumlng Much Importance u
Ailment In Certain 8ectione—Seed
Plot le Beat Method of Con.
trolling Disorders.
'(From the United States Department ot
Agriculture.)
Potato diseases, which arte showing
• tendency to become established or to
spread In various parts of the country,
can best be controlled In most vases
through the adoption by ' farmers of
the seedbed method of control, accord-
ing to Dr. H. A. Edson, truck-crop dis-
ease specialist t>f the United States de-
partment of agriculture. In discussing
the potato-disease situation and pos-
sible control measures In a recent ad-
dress, Doctor Edson said:
1 "A. disease of the potato which la
Making its appearance In several sec-
tions of the country Is the one desig-
nated by Orton as streak. The cause
of .this disease Is unknown. It Is
characterized by the appearance of an-
gular spots on the leaves, which have
« tendency xto run down the veins
through the sterna of the leaflets to the
main petiole, or leafstalk, producing
* streaked appearance. The affected
portions of the plant wither and die,
the leafstalks break over at the axil
of the leaves—that Is, their Junction
points with the branches—with the re-
sult that leaves hang directly down,
swinging In the wind and attached
only by a portion of the epidermis. In
severe cases the plants are eventually
i entirely killed. The trouble Is appar-
ently transmitted from generation to
> generation by means of the seed tu-
bers, and there Is some Indication that
It Is transmitted from plant to plant
In the field. In the absence of more
definite knowledge of the disease. It Is
recommended that rogulng be prac-
ticed as a precautionary measure
wherever It appears.
Heavy Ooae From Mosaic.
"Mosaic Is assuming great Impor-
tance as a potato disease In certain
sections of the country. It Is charac-
terized by a mottling in the green of
the leaves, sometimes accompanied
also by a crinkling but not a rolling
of the foliage. The disease should not
be confused with the uneven yellowing
which results from the application of
excessive water In irrigated regions
nor with the somewhat different yel-
lowing and rolling associated with ex-
cessive alkali content In soils, nor
should It be confused with the con-
dition of partial absence of coloring
matter, possibly chimera, seen occa-
sionally In fields, more particularly in
certain sections of the West. The
cause of mosaic has nqvef been deter-
mined. but It. Is known that the dis-
ease Is reproduced when tubers from
affected plants ai'e used for seed. The
experimental data which have been
secured both In the United States and
abroad show that the yield from mo-
saic plants Is less than that from
healthy plants of the same variety
grown under the same conditions or
In the same field. The average reduc-
tion In yield In trials made by the de-
partment with various varieties and In
several different sections of the coun-
try is approximately 30 per cent.
Rowing out affected plants In the
seed plot affords a practical though
perhaps not complete control of the
trouble.
Rot In Winter. '
"The late'blight of the potato cttused
by Phytophthora Infestans and the rot
of ttibers which follows in the winter
nre too well known to call for descrip-
tion. It has recently been shown,
however, that the planting of tubers
affected with Phytoptithora decay af-
fords a means for infection of the
growing crop. The development of tin
disease, however. Is entirely dependent
upon weather conditions. In dr/ sea.
sons one may plant affected tuber*
without Insuring the development of
the late blight, but It has been shown
that the original Infections follow up
the stems from the seed tubers If the
weuther conditions are favorable to
the development of the fungus. It Is,
therefore, advisable to avoid Infected
seed when possible, In addition employ-
ing the usual control by bordeaux
mixture, which Is a well-established
practice.
"Recent studies upon the powdery
scab have demonstrated the fact that
this disease Is less serious la Its char-
acter In the United States than was at
first feared. It Is apparently unable
to survive except In the more north-
ern' sections of the country, and the
damage done there Is, In many years,
not serious. The disease Is correlated
with heavy, rather wet soils, or more
particularly with subsoils of this char-
acter. The da/nage done is to a large
extent dependent upon weather condi-
tions even in these unfavorable types
of toll. *
Decay In Storage.
Several species of Fusarium are now
knowto to produce potato diseases.
These may be classified In two groups.
The first Is the wllt-productng group
which gttacks tbfe vascular tissues and
the root system of the plant cutting
off the water supply and causing In-
Jury in proportion to the extent of the
invasion. In extreme cases a yellow-
ing, or at least an unhealthy green
color and a characteristic rolling of
the foliage develop, to be followed by
sudden wilting and death. The tubers
produced upon Infected plants fre-
quently carry the fungus In their vas-
cular tissue, as may often be demon-
strated by the appearance qf a dark-
ened ring near their stem end. In-
fested tubers, stored under unfavor-1
able conditions, may develop a serious
decay, which is either of the wet or
the dry type according to the tempera-
ture and moisture. The second group
"Includes other species of Fusarium,
which are to be classified as wound
parasites. They Infect the tubers
through wounds resulting from han-
dling while digging or storing. The in-
fections may occur In the field or In,
the storage houses. These forms of
decay may be controlled to a large ex-
tent by regulating the storage condi-
tions. The stock should be stored at
a low temperature (34 to 40 degrees
F.) In well-ventilated houses. Our
knowledge of Fusarium wilt disease
has not reached, a stage where direc-
tions for the satisfactoi^r control of
the vascular parasites can be given.
It Is possible, however, to improve the
condition by crop rotation and by care-
ful selection of the seed stock. Tu-
bers produced on Infected plants are
likely to carry the flsease, hence such
progeny should never be used for seed.
Disease-free seed, however, caUnot be
depended upon to produce a healthy
crop on Infected soil.
Control in Seed Plot
"Aside from the specific means of
control which have been mentioned,
the most practical method of combat-
ing* the disease discussed is probably
that of the seed plot. For this pur-
pose the farmer employs in (he first
year, the best stock available, planting
It upon his best soil type, and caring
for it In the most approved manner.
Froth time to time during the gtowlng
season the weak, diseased or other-
wise undesirable plants are rogued
out. At digging time it is highly de-
sirable to harvest at least a portion of
this field by hand, selecting those hills
whose yields approximate most'closely
to the grower's Ideal. Tubers ob-
tained In this way form the nucleus
for the next year's seed plot. If this
method Is followed consistently, many
of the diseases which are now so vex-
atious will be largely held under con-
trol, and in addition the general vigor
and consequent productiveness of the
stock will be held at a high level."
Milk From Diseased Cows. «
"Milk from diseased cows, must not
be shipped.
alfalfa will improve soil
Furnishes Organic Matter and Nitro-
gen, Two Big Essentials In Qrow-
ing Qood Crops.
Alfalfa leaves the land* richer In or-
ganic matter and nitrogen than before
it was grown. 6rgaulc matter and
nitrogen are two things very neces-
sary to have In the soil In order to
grow good crops. In continuous grain
growing organic mn'tter and nitrogen
are wnafed. It has been found that
In continuous grnln growing Ave times
as much nitrogen as the crop us«s Is
lost from the soil. There Is also a
rapid loss of the organic matter.
When a grass crop or n legume crop
Is grown organic matter Is added to the
sftll. The grasses do not add nitrogen
but the legumes do, which makes them
luore valuable thnn the grasses.
A legume (is alfalfa produces more
hay*too thnn any of the grass crops,
and the alfalfa liny hus u higher feed-
ing value. Alfalfa will Improve the
land nnd at the same time produce
more food for live stock than any oth-
er crop grown.
more humus needed in soil
Vegetable Matter Required to Make
Land Light, Porous and Mellow—
Admit Air and Water.
Soil requires vegetable matter to
make it light porous and mellow.
Close, compact soil does not readily
admit moisture and air, hence soil or-
ganisms that are so essential In break-
ing down compounds and converting
unavailable plant food into available
foogs for planta cannot thrive. But
when the soil has sufficient vegetable
matter decayed to a state that we
call It humus It admits air and water
and lets these plant food helpers thrive
to make the soil richer.
Close,, clammy soils will never yield
as they should' till the per cent of
humus Is Increased. Barnynrd manure
and turning under green crops are
common ways of Increasing the hu-
mus. By breaking early enough for
stalks .and weeds to decay more hu-
mus may be added.
There should be at least 000 feet of
air spfce for each cow,
OREGON IS NEW GENERAL PURPOSE FOWL
BARRED ROCK COCKEREL AND WHITE LEGHORN HEN.
A new breed of poultry has come
out from the west and demands the
attention of praptical poultry keep-
ers. The Oregons being the name of
the new breed, it Is hardly necessary
to say that it had its origin In the
state of Oregon. The crossing of
White Leghorns and Barred Plymouth
Bocks produced the original Oregons,
which have been bred up to the pres-
ent type by Introducing much more
Leghorn blood.
Prof. James Dryden of the Oregon
Agricultural college, where the work
was done, says that egg production
was the first consideration In the
making of the new breed, but that
another purpose was to develop an
all-round type of bird that would
meet tte market demands.
The Oregon Is medium in weight be-
tween the Leghorn and Plymouth
Bock, making it a good general pur-
pose fowl. At the same time. Its lay-
ing qualities are very high. Several
hens of the new breed have records
of over 300 eggs In a year. This ten-
dency to henvy egg production Is not
simply the result of crossing two es-
tablished breeds, however, but results
from the selection of heavy layers as
breeding stock, trap nests hnvlng been
used as a basis.
In color the Oregons are white and
they are rather close feathered, like
the Leghorns, with medium-sized
combs, yellow legs nnd a yellow skin.
They lay a white egg. Yellow-skinned
birds that will weigh four or five
pounds and that are heavy producers
of white eggs should meet the require-
ments of a great many poultry keep-
ers, both amateurs and professionals.
It Is likely that much more will be
heard about the Oregon In yeara to
come. |
OBTAIN WINTER *EGGS breed f0* egg production
Make Conditions as Near Like
Summer as Possible.
Sprouted Grains Furnish Easiest So-
lution of Problem—Oats Rank
Higher Thati Corn—More Fat
Than in Wheat
(By C. 8. ANDERSON, Colorado Agricul-
tural College, Fort Collins, Colo.)
Many people believe that If they
furnish a reasonably comfortable
house, and supply a little com, or
whatever grain happens to. be avail-
able, that there is no excuse for their
hens not fllllug the winter egg basket.
Spring and summer seasons are the
natural times for hens to lay, and if
they are made to lay through the
winter, conditions must be made as
near like their nntural laying season
us possible.
Sprouted grains furnish the best so-
lution. As a protein or egg-producing
feed, oats ranks much higher than corn
and contains more fat thnn wheat. Its
high proportion of hull to kernel
makes it bulky and unpalatable.
Sprouting overcomes this difficulty,
and also furnishes the green feed so
essential. Oats can be sprouted and
fed at 4 to 0 Inches high more eco-
nomically than roots or vegetables can
be produced. The time required for
the growth Is short, the amount of
succulent muterlal Is large and In-
creased egg production Is Invariably
the result. One hundred pounds of
outs can be Increased to 350 to 400
pounds of succulent feed.
It Is an easy matter to construct a
home made sprouter, but unless a
warm room Is available, and If ninny
birds are to be fed. It Is advisable to
purchase one of the several reliable
sprouters now on the market.
valuable as poultry food
Bran Is Richer In Protelrf Than Wheat
—Alee Contains More Fat-
Makes Fowls Qrow.
Bran Is one of the very best of poul-
try foods. It is richer In protein than
wheat. Each 100 pounds of bran con-
tains 14 pounds of protelu, while 100
pounds of wheat contains but 12
pounds. It also coutalns more fat than
wheat and more mineral matter thnn
ordinary ground grain. It makes young
fowls grow, keeps hens vigorous nnd
productive, nnd is especially valuable
for the building of frame in chicks
and turkeys.
Most mush formulas contain from
two to four times ns much bran as of
any rftfier ground grain. Chicks three
or four days old may ho given a dish
of plain bran to pick at as they will.
Chicks on range where they can pick
greens and Insects ofteu make n won-
derful growth when fed nothing but
bran and commercial chick feed. Bran
la the one article of food the poultry-
man must never be'without
High-Laying Hene Cannot Be Depend-
ed On to Produce Chicks as
Qood as Themselves.
The results of breeding for egg pro-
duction at the Ontario experiment sta-.
tlon are an Interesting supplement to
the work so long carried on at the
Maine station. It will be remembered
that the conclusion of the Maine sta-
tion was that hens with high laying
records Ainnot be depended upon to
produce chicks as good as themselves,
even wlien the mules of the flock are
of the same stock.
The Ontario station concludes that
many 200-egg hens are not worth
much as, breeders of 200-egg pullets,
but a few,appear as If their pullets
were out of the ordinary and some of
their sons have been very good breed-
ers.
In other words, the power of trans-
mitting the heavy-laying quality is pos-
sessed by some Individuals, but not by
others. This Is essentlnlly the Idea on
which the Maine station is now Work-
ing with the aim of selecting and using
the birds which have this transmitting
quality.
It was found byv the Ontario station
that the chicks hatched from these se-
lected birds began to lay much earlier
in the fall and luld In November about
five tiine/s as many eggs as common
pullets. Their excellence was largely
In their power to lay eggs In the fall
and winter. In the summer the com-
mon pullets were considered about as
good layers as the others.
corn gluten for chickens
Makes Excellent Addition to Ration—
Ij Highly Palatable and May Be
Fed In Dry Mash.
Corn gluten feed makes an excel-
lent addition to the ration and may
be procured through almost any feed
store. It Is highly palatable and may
be fed to advantages in the dry mash
with other feed, such us follows] One
hundred pounds of cornmeal, 100
pounds of bran, 100 pounds of white
middlings, 100 pounds of corn gluten
feed, 100 pounds of meat scrap, six
pounds of charcoal, six pounds of salt.
feed hopper is important
Arrange Feed Box So That Material
Will Not Be Scratched Out by
Fowls and Wasted.
In all well managed poultry houses
the dry feed hopper plays un Impor-
tant part. It Is therefore Important
that these be put In order or new ones
built as may be required.
In the construction of new hoppers
so arrange the feeding box that feed
will not be scratched out and wasted.
Never catch a duck or goose by the
wing or leg, but grasp It by the neck,
because the ueck Is strong, while the
wing* and legs art weak and easily
broken.
toMKJNAL
SNMf&M
Lesson
Sy B. O. SELLERS. Ac tin* Director Of
Sunday School Course of Moody Bible
Institute.)
"Copyright, 1S1T. Western Newspaper Union.)
LESSON FOR MARCH 4
JESUS FEEDS FIVE THOUSAND.
LE88ON TEXT-John
GOLDEN TEXT—Give us this day our
tally bread.—Matt. t:%
This parable marks the high level
rf the year of our Lord's frapularlty.
It is such an Important miracle as to
je the only one recorded In all four
{ospeis. Be sure to use a good har-
mony. The returning twelve (Matt
11:1) are taken by their master to a
iesert place that they might find rest
(Mk. 6:31) and that he might comfort
their hearts over the death of John the
Baptist (Matt 14:1-12). The multi-
tude would not grunt them the right
use of their leisure, but flocked to this
retreat In the desert. They followed
that they might listen to his gracious
words, and perhaps behold some new
wonder (v. 2). Carlisle suid he saw in
Englund "forty millions, mostly fools."
Jesuit saw the multitude, and was
inoved, not with sarcasm, but with
rsmpu8glon which took a tangible iform
of serviwh Mark tells us (6:34) that
Jesus was first of all teaching the mul-
titude. It is better to teach a man how
to help himself than to help the man.
We should not be surprised at Philip's
slowness of faith. Moses in a like
manner was once nonplussed as to how
to feed the multitude in the wilder*
ness. (Num. 11:21-23). It Is not so
much how great the need nor how lit-
tle we possess; rather, la that little
given over to God? Andrew, who had
revealed Jesus unto Peter, discovers as
though in desperation a boy whose
mother had thoughtfully provided him
with a lunch, consisting of five barley
biscuits and two small herring (v. 9);
at least that much remained. This is
a great commentary upon the tide of
Interest at this time, that the boy
should not have eaten hia entire lunch,
for the boy's hunger Is proverbial. It
seems as though Jesus emphasizes the
helplessness of the disciples in order
that he may show his power. His com-
mand "Give ye them" (Mk. 6:37)
teaches us that we are to give such
as we have, and not look to others nor
to do our charity by proxy (Prov.
11:24-25). Again the Savior asks his
disciples as though he would teach
them the resources of his kingdom.
Give what you have, and he will bless
and Increase It to the supplying of the
needs of a multitude. The secret of
success was when be took up the
loaves, and, "looking up," God also saw
that day and blessed It We need to
observe the systematic procedure. The
people are seated or reclining upon the
ground in ranks or in companies, the
master blessing and breaking the boy's
cakes, giving first to the disciples. God
works miracles through human
agencies only. The result of this sys-
tematic procedure was that they were
all satisfied, "filled" (v. 12). Luke
adds that "all did eat" (Lk. 9:17). Not
alone, however, was there divine order
and lavishness, but there were economy
and thrift as well, for Jesus gave care-
ful direction as to the fragments. The
lavishness is shown by the fact that
the baskets into which the fragments
were gathered were each probably
large enough In which to sleep. This
conservation process was a stinging
rebuke to the Improvident orientals
and to present-day prodigals of that
wonderful bounty with which God has
blessed our land. God gives to us that
we may use for other. Joy dies unless
It is shared. Jesus is the living bread
(John 6:48), and will satisfy hunger
and life even as bread generates in
the human body heat, vitality and
power; so he would still feed the
hungry soul of mankind. We have at
hand the word, and It Is for lack of It
that men die in the deepest truest
sense of that word. The poverty and
perplexity of the disciples in his pres-
ence and in the presence of this great
need are being repeatd over and over
today, and yet it is absurd. We have
not enough to feed the multitude. Our
few loaves of amusements, mental ac-
tivities and social service will not feed
them, but when we break unto them
the Living Bread, they have enough
and to spare. The difficulty with the
distribution of material bread for the
needs of mankind is not that there is
not enough grain, but rather that in
the process of distribution certain com-
panies of men can control the fruits of
the earth, and withhold them from the
consumer fot their own profit. Is there
not a parable In this for the church in
that it la ao much concerned with its
own Joys, pleasures and profits that
It Is withholding from the mass of
mankind, especially In the foreign field,
the bread which alone can bring life
and Immortality to light T
Summary: (1) The hope of the
world's salvation la in the wonderful
power of God In multiplying the little
we give to him in tho way of service.
(2) If we bring no gift, how can G6d
bless man? Compare this boy'a serv-
ice with the service of the little maid
In Naaman's household.
(3) Conservation of the fragments,
uslug well or wasting the fragments ot
time, of opportunity, etc., makes all
the difference between success and fail-
ure.
(4) Let nothing be loat. The refuse
of petroleum la today worth mora th*"
'he oil product.
OUOH GAS
Time It! Pape's Diapeptin
*1 Stomach misery in flvt
minutes.
So soma foods yos eat hit baek-
taste good, but work badly; fenseal
Into stubborn lumps and cause a sick,
sour, gaaay stomach? Now, Mr. or
Mra. Dyspeptic. Jot this down: Papa's
Diapepsln digests everything, leaving
nothing to sour and upeet you. There
never was anything ao safely quick, so
certainly effective. No difference how
badly your stomach Is disordered yo«
will get happy relief In five minutes,
but what pleaaea you moat la that It
strengthens and regulates your stom-
ach ao you can eat your favorite foods
without fear.
Ton feel different as aoon as "Papers
Dlapepsin" comee In contact with the
stomach—distress Just vantshee—your
stomach gets sweet, no gases, no belch-
ing. no eructations of undigested food.
Go now, make the best investment
you ever made, by getting a large flfty-
cent case of Pape's Diapepsln from aay
store. You realise In live minutes how
needless it Is to suffer from lndlgee-
tlon. dyspepsia or bad stomach. Adv.
Ecstatic Moments.
8male—Bad a most enjoyable time
at the dentist's this afternoon.
Dale—EhT' Enjoyable?
Smale—Yes. When I went In, an-
other dentist was filling my dentist's
teeth.—London Answers.
Habit orDiwue
Mothers, whether lfs a dlaeaae at
habit, if your child's kidneys set too
often or while ssleep at night, why let
thla condition continue throwing ex-
tra, unsanitary work upon yon, endan-
gering the chlld*a health by exposure
and finally as Is often the reeult, de-
velop some Incurable kidney dlaeaae la
after yeara If not stopped, when liquid
Shu Make will entirely free the chit*
from the nightly occurrence, with M
little trouble and expense to you?
Any drug store haa Liquid Shu Makt
In 25-cent bottles. It Is harmleea *at
glvea results In two days.—Adv.
Keeping Late Hours.
"Life on the farm la not what It used
to be."
"How Is that?"
"When a farmer motors Into town
every night to attend a theater JM
can't expect him to get up at day*
break."
Whoever Yon Need s General Took
Take Grove's
The Old Standard Grove'e Tastelsss
chill Toole is equally valuable as a Gen-
eral Tonic because' it contains the well
known tonic propeitiee of QUININE and
IRON. It acts oa the Liver. Drives oat
Malaria. Enriches the Blood and Builds
up die Whole System. 51
Misled by the 8ound.
"I haven't noticed Tootles playing la
your orchestra lately."
"No; he slipped on tho Icy aldewalk
and broke his clavicle."
"Well, couldn't he get another from
the musical Instrument dealerr'-
ton Evening Transcript
CUTICURA KILLS DANDRUFF
Tho Cause of Dry, Thin and Falling
Hair and Doee It Quickly—Trial Free*,
Anoint spots of dandruff. Itching and
Irritation with Cuticura Ointment Fol-
low at once by a hot ahampoo with
Cuticura Soap, If a man, and next
morning If a woman. When Dandruff
goes the hair comes. Use Cuticura
Soap dally for the toilet
Free sample each by mall with Book.
Addresa postcard, Cuticura. Dept I*
Boston. Sold everywhere.—Adw
Contrary Attacka.
"He was squarely attacked."
"Yes, and roundly denounced."—Bak
ti more American.
Or. B. F. Jackson, Celebrated Physician,
handed down to posterity his famoua
prescription for female troubles. Now
■old under tha name of "Frmenina.*
Price 00c and $1.00.—Adv.
Paradoxical.
"The truth lies somewhere."
"Strange conduct that for tha
truth,
Important to Mothers
■amine carefully every bottle el
CASTORIA, that famous old remedy
for Infanta and children, and aee that It
Bears
Signature of(
la Bae tor Over SS'Taan.
Children Cry for Fletcher*a Castorfa
The poor relation often
whether a rich one really haa % poor
memory.
PREPAREDNESS.
Prepare tor next waahday by taklac
home Red Cross Ball Blue. Ask aay
good grocer. Red Cross Ball Blue Im-
parts a clear white; makea you amllo
whan you see the baaket of beautiful,
anowy white clothes. Red Croaa, tha
blue that'a true blue.—Adv.
Sewing machlnea are In demaad la
England.
\ I
THAT ORIM WHITE SPECTRE,
Pneumonia, follows oa tha heeia ef a
neglected cough or eoM. Delay as
laager. Tako MaaaSehTa Ooagh Bak
an. Price 00c aad tUPS-Adv.
Leam thTiuxary at «£« p*
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Norrell, Paul V. The Wapanucka Press (Wapanucka, Okla.), Vol. 17, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 1, 1917, newspaper, March 1, 1917; (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc132738/m1/3/?q=led+zeppelin: accessed June 6, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.