The Hennessey Clipper (Hennessey, Okla.), Vol. 27, No. 20, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 19, 1916 Page: 3 of 12
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the clipper, hennessey, oklahoma
I:
ORCHARDS
EFFICIENT SPRAY OUTFIT
QffZ or OUR IS-&QAHS
mf "goiJrAr® iro $" (o/e kxrpq&£)
UPHOLD
SEIZURE
Thrown away
Navy Department
later an object of bar-
ter among junk deal-
ers, this important
relic finally found its
way into patriotic
hands and soon it will
rest in a permanent
public museum • •
THE first successful submarine,
triumph of American genius,
is not to go on the scrap
heap. With a guard of honor
furnished by the government,
the Holland No. 9 was taken through
the streets of Philadelphia recently,
then loaded upon gondola cars in sec-
tions and removed to New York, where
It will be adequately housed and as-
sured of care forever.
For one year, dating from next May
30, the Holland No. 9 will be on ex-
hibition at the Bronx International Ex-
position. After that, it will be placed
In a museum housing relics showing
developments of remarkable human
achievements in industry, surrounded
t>y early models of the telephone, phon-
ograph, motion picture machine, aero-
plane and other American inventions.
In 1604, William Bourne of England
■constructed a submarine. It sub-
merged and that is all that could be
teaid of it. In 1777 Professor Bushnell,
« Connecticut man, invented a sub-
marine which was termed the Ameri-
can Turtle.
In 1797 Robert Fulton constructed
for the French emperor, a submarine
boat which succeeded in staying under
■water four hours and twenty minutes,
and, placing a torpedo under a hulk
arranged for the purpose, blew It to
smithereens. As a reward for this,
Fulton was considered to be a little
t>lt crazy and was allowed to return
to America to construct steamboats
on the Hudson.
The history of the submarine then
took a long lapse. It was not until
1850 that a Bavarian by the name of
Bauer built a submarine in which the
Biethod of control was by shifting
weight forward and aft to dive and
arise. This boat collapsed in the har-
bor of Kiel on one of its trial trips
and remained partly burled In the
imud until 1887, when It was located
during the deepening of Kiel harbor
land taken to Berlin, where it Is now
In the Museum of Oceanography.
It was not until the Civil war forced
Ithe Confederates to attempt some way
jto escape the blockade around the
southern ports that submarines agal
(were heard of.
The first of these was "The Hun
ley," a cylindrical shaped craft about
IBO feet long and 6 feet in diameter,
with bow and stern shaped to form a
stein and stern post respectively. Wa-
ter ballast compartments were located
■at each end of the vessel. She was
propelled by hand power, eight men
turning cranks which operated the pro-
peller shaft.
This boat was sent out of New Or-
leans In an endeavor to run the block-
ade, but lacked longitudinal stability,
tand during her experimental trials,
'dived headlong to the bottom. She was
located and recovered each time but
too late to save the crew. In this way
the designer and 32 other men met
Vieath.
The "Hunley" was finally fitted with
ja spare torpedo. On the night of Feb-
ruary 17, 1864, Lieutenant Dickson suc-
ceeded In approaching the D. S. S.
(Housatonic and sank her by exploding
a torpedo under her bottom.
This probably was the first instance
of a battleship being sunk by a subma-
rine, Irat the wave thrown up by the
(explosion swamped the "Huntley" and
again she was sunk with all her crew.
Shortly after this another submarine
(was built by the Confederates, its in
tentions being to destroy the blockad-
ing northern ships. This was known
as the "New Orleans Submarine.'
FROM ALL OVER
When the vessel was completed, the
designer thought it would be a fine
performance to have the vessel plunge
under water as she left the ways and
make a short trip before coming to the
surface. Accordingly, he Instructed
two of his most Intelligent slaves how
to operate the vessel when submerged,
and sent them on their way. About 20
years later, when the Mississippi was
being dredged at New Orleans, this
boat, with the skeletons of the two
negroes, was found buried In the mud.
It was about this time that John P.
lolland came upon the scene. Hol-
land was born In Llscannor, Ireland, In
1844. He came to the United States
before the Civil war and the battle
between the Monitor and Merrlmac set
htm to thinking on the subject of sub-
marines. In 187r>, after nearly 15
ars of study anil experiment, he sub-
mitted his plans to the United States
navy department. The naval engineers
who examined them pronounced them
to be practical In every way, but gave
It as their opinion that men could not
be found to risk their lives In the ex-
periment
Soon after tills he built the "Holland
No. One" on the Passaic river, near
aterson, N. J. She was 14 feet 0
inches long; 3 feet wide, and 2 feet 6
Inches In depth. Holland made ex-
periments with this boat, but engine
trouble caused him to abandon It as a
petroleum propelled craft, and steam
was substituted. The old shell now
lies at the bottom of the Passaic river.
Holland continued his series of ex-
periments. He built eight boats be-
fore the construction of the "Holland
No. 9," the first submarine craft to be
bought and officially commissioned by
a national government
She was built at the Cresent yard in
Ellzabethport, N. J. She is 53 feet 10
Inches long; diameter 10 feet 3 Inches,
and has a submerged displacement of
75 tons.
She was propelled on the surface by
gasoline engine of 50 horse power,
and when submerged, by 50 horse pow-
r electric motor. On the surface she
could make six knots under gasoline en-
gine, and about eight knots uuder the
motor. Submerged she could make
about five and a half knots under the
motor. Her armament consisted of
one bow torpedo tube, one bow pneu-
matic projection gun, and three short
Whitehead torpedoes.
After she was launched, she was
towed to Perth Amboy and it was from
there she sailed for her first dive, and
proved to the public that she was a
reality; a terrible weapon of war, and
not the mere senseless concoction of a
dreamer.
The story of the first dive of the
"Holland No. 9," as told by the Inven-
tor himself Is;
"On March 17, 1898, we left the pier
for our initial dive. It was about three
o'clock when we started. The sky was
overcast and a few drops of rain pat-
tered upon the water. But Just be-
Rgcomt&vjvcp TfMTiS'PnRdtCA&t
of iZsj" fi/isr 6Lr$rtXRDrg-->
GRADING AND PACKING APPLES IN MISSOURI.
(From the Missouri Agricultural Kxiieri-1 chased before the first spraying begins
ment Station.) k iye ut ,ea8, ,me application, If not
In determining the profits from ^ ^ ^ M((()m falu
spray lug, the cost of the equipment
must also be considered. In an or-1 Some orchardlsts, usually influenced
chard which bears regularly, the serl- i by the agents of spraying materials,
ousness of the first cost of spraying 1 give a spraying In late winter while
equipment will not he so great, but If i the trees are still entirely dormant,
the orchard is in a section where crop | even though they do not have in the
the purchase of orchard San Jose scale or any other in-
the trimming tanks and steered the
boat down. Her nose went under all
right, but her stern projected out of
the water. In a word, we still lacked
enough ballast entirely to submerge
her. I immediately stopped the engine
and whistled for my convoy. She caine
up at once and we proceeded to trans-
fer more pig iron into the boat.
"Again we tried to dive, and again
we failed. A second time we whistled
for our convoy and took an additional
ballast. This time we succeeded.
"As soon as I steered her down she
plunged beneath the surface and the
only part visible to the onlookers was
our flags fluttering from the masts.
After running for about 100 feet sub-
merged, I steered her up again and
She immediately rose to the surface.
This was a great relief to many of my
friends, most of wliom doubted we
would ever be able to make the boat
come to the surface when once we suc-
ceeded In getting her under.
"During the dive we never had more
than four feet of water over our deck,
as I was not sure of the shallow spots
and did not relish running aground
and damaging the boat.
"We now held a consultflition and
decided we had better attempt no more
dives owing to the lateness of the
hour.
"For some time after this we con-
tinued our dives in the lower bay, but
eventually picked out a more suitable
diving course in I'econlc Bay, Long
Island. It was there that the 'Holland'
went through her best paces and the
crew received a thorough training in
the handling of the boat.
"After about a year of trial dives,
both in the Peconlc Bay and later on
In Chesapeake Bay, she was accepted
by the navy department.
It was just about the time the "Hol-
land" was launched that war against
Spain was declared. Holland offered
to take his boat and its crew to San-
tiago and destroy the entire Spanish
fleet.
When this proposition was made to
the United States government, the au-
thorities refused the offer with the
statement that It would be an inhu-
mane form of warfare. It was not un-
til two years after this war was over,
that the government finally purchased
the "Holland."
After suffering the hardships of old
age and financial reverses, Holland
died August 12, 1914.
As time passed the "Holland No. 9"
became obsolete. The United States
navy department holds no particular
failures are common
an expensive equipment might prove
an item of heavy expense. The grower
must decide for himself whether it
will pay him in a section where he has
a considerable risk, to purchase an ex-
pensive but efficient spraying outfit or
to purchase a cheaper somewhat less
efficient spraying outfit. With the lat-
ter, labor cost will be greater, but the
investment is lpss. In many cases it
might pay the orchardist to lay In a
supply of spraying materials only large
enough to do him until all danger of
frost is past. Of course this would not
be advisable in sections where It would
take a considerable length of time to
secure spraying materials. Certainly a
large enough supply should be pur-
GUARDING AGAINST
PEACH TREE RORERS
sect or disease that Is best sprayed
for at that time. The theory is that
this dormant spraying Is a sort of a
clean-up spray to kill spores or In-
sects that are lodged on the trees.
However, such a spraying cannot pos-
sibly replace any of the summer
sprayings after the leaves have come
out, and while It may be profitable. It
is certainly much less profitable than
the summer sprayings. Until the or-
chard Is In a good paying condition
and well kept In every other way,
such as pruning, cultivation, etc., as
well as summer spraying, this winter
spraying where San Jose scale is not
present can hardly be recommended
as a good plan.
STRAWBERRY MULCH
OF GREAT BENEFIT
Pests Should Be Extracted With
^ Aid of Knife and Wire—
Mounding Is Favored.
Patience and persistence are neces-
sary to combat peach-tree borers.
They should be extracted with the aid
of a strong knife and pliable wire.
Trees should be examined for these
pests twice a year, preferably in Octo-
ber and May. After the latter exami-
nation a protective covering should be
applied to reduce so far as possible the
entrance of new borers. Observations
at the Pennsylvania State College
school of agriculture show that for
this purpose lime-sulphur solution is
as safe and effective a material as any.
It should be applied either with a
coarse spray nozzle or with a brush,
and the trunk of the tree should be
thoroughly covered from the exposed
crown to a height of 15 inches or
more.
A little Ume-sulphur sediment or
some extra lime may be added. Eight
or ten pounds of either material is
enough for 50 gallons of solution. Ar-
senical solutions are not recommended
for this purpose, as some of them have
proved injurious to trees and useless
against the borer.
When the coating is dry, soil should
be replaced around the trees and
mounded up to a height of about six
inches, so that borers gaining entrance
in spite of the coating may be detected
readily. The first eggs are laid by the
adult moths about the middle of June.
The first application of lime-sulphur
should be made prior to that date.
Two additional applications should fol-
low, one early in July and the other
about the middle of August.
One of Most Advantageous Prac-
tices in Care of Plants—
Good Berries Result.
fore we got under way a strong wind sympathy for inanimate objects, even
scattered the clouds and the sun came though they may represent the early
out strong. Also, a rainbow appeared, i
This was pointed out by many as a
good omen for the success of the test
about to be taken. Regarding our feel-
ings at the ti T felt confident, hav-
ing designed >:it. M.v crew, while
they trusted ..■* .u see them through,
were more or less shaky. It must also
be borne In iMnd that they had never
been under iter before. They were
courageous men, risking their lives to
help me prove to the world the value
of my Invention.
"At the signal from Mr. Morris, the
company's engineer, we started our
motor, cast olt and glided away from
our mooring place.
"We were riding so low In the water,
that the bases of the masts were wash-
ed by occasional swells mounting over
the superstructure. This was account
ed for by the fact that we had aboard
about 400 pounds of pig iron as extra
ballast. As soon as we arrived on the
course marked out for the dive, I filled
One hundred species of oysters have
been classified by scientists.
An Unglish Inventor's electrical tool
for removing boiler scale delivers 8,-
000 hammering and tearing strikes a
minute.
Only one out of 160 inmates of it
r I„nt into the ear flans certain lunatic asylum had red hair,
The Japanese are paying much at- and only four were of light hair and
Undoubtedly much of the vigor and
freshness of strawberry patches which
are so protected that the ground does
not freeze any time during the dor-
mant season, Is due to the slight bac-
terial action which goes on in un-
frozen ground in winter, which changes
a lot Of unavoidable plant food Into
available form.
Regardless of the season of the year,
all ground which has a henvy covering
on it is apparently richer than that
which is left bare. When we have
snow which remains well through the
winter the ground is in much better
shape thun In other years and if
the following season i& a normal one
the crops usually do better. Because
of this fact snow has often been called
the poor man's manure.
Although strawberry mulching is
not practiced extensively, It Is one
of the most beneficial practices in the
care of strawberries. It does as much
as any practice toward the growing of
good strawberries and a heavy mulch
of any kind gives best results.
MAKE REPLY TO AMERICAN NOTB
N REGARDING INTERFERENCE
WITH U. S. MAIL.
PROMISE TO CORRECT FAULTS
Maintain They Are Simply Endeavor,
ing to Avoid Any Encroachment
On Legitimate Rights of
Neutrals.
Washington, D. C., Oct. 16—-In thelf
latest reply to American protests
against interference with neutral
mails, made public by the state de*
partment, the altted governments re*
Iterate their right to intercept ami
search all genuine mall found on neiw
tral vessels on the high seas or Itf
allied ports, but they promise to renv
edy "any faults, abuses or serious mis-
taeks' in censorship that may b
brought to their attention. They da
clare unjustified by facts the Ameri-
can charge that illegal Jurisdiction has
been gained by diversion of neutral
ships from the high seas Into the ter-
ritorial waters of the allies. The next
move of the American government
has not been determined.
The note, transmitted jointly by tha
British and French governments, was
delivered to the state department by
the embassies. It makes reply to
Secretary I,ansing'a memorandum of
May*24, In which the United States
declared the allies had been guilty of
"lawless practices" in their mall cen-
sorship methods and that "only a radi-
cal change, restoring to the United
States its full rights as a neutral pow-
er, will satisfy this government."
It is maintained by the allies that
they are sincerely endeavoring to
avoid any encroachment on the legiti-
mate exercise of the rights of inof-
fensive neutral commerce. Delays and
annoyances are unavoidable, it is
pointed out, in the exercise of full
belligerent rights by the allied author
ltles, and a long list of precedents are
cited to support the validity of the al-
lied censorship methods. It Is sug-
gested that The Hague convention
quoted in the American memorandum
is not binding because it has not been
ratified by several belligerent powers,
though the allied policy has been
guided by the Intentions It expresses
EARLY APPLES ARE
FOR LOCAL MARKETS
A concrete keg said to be almost In-
destructible has been patented by a
Wisconsin Inventor.
Helmets for aviators have been in-
vented with wireless receiving tele-
tentlon to Australian ores suitable for
refining or smelting In Japan.
One automobile to every eight fam-
ilies Is the ratio which will be reached
In tbe United States this year,
complexion,
A woman is the patentee of a dou
ble-looped strap for street cars that
will serve cither tall c. short passen
gers who are obliged to stand.
achievements of American genius. So
the "Holland" was sold for scrap.
The firm muklng a successful bid
for the "Holland" was the Henry A.
Hltner's Sons company of Philadelphia.
They removed the engines and dis-
posed of other valuable portions of the
old vessel, and then placed the Bhell
in the Philadelphia Commercial mu-
seum, for exhibition purposes.
There came a time when the direc-
tors of the museum cured no longer
to retain the old boat on the museum
grounds. The Hltner company offered
the shell of the "Holland" for sale as
scrap iron. Walter A. Hall, a member
of the original crew of the "Holland,"
now an electrical engineer and ama-
teur aviator, appealed to the public for
the preservation of the "Holland." The
boat was finally bought by Dr. Peter J.
Gibbons and his son, Austin Flint Gib-
bons, of New York city, who have lent
It for one year to the Bronx Interna-
tional Exposition.
BRIEF FACTS
A thread spans the space between
Jaws of an implement Invented by a
Kansas City man for cleaning between
the teeth.
Norway is to have a plant that will
use a Belgian engineer's process for
the electrical extraction of zinc from
ores heretofore regarded as worthless.
The inventor of a new square funnel
contends it operates more rapidly than
a round one, which causes a rotary
motion lo liuulds and delays tbelr tiuw.
Cannot Be Stored to Advantage
for Any Length of Time-
Danger of Overplanting.
OVERLOOK FRUIT FOR TABLE
Orchard and Home Garden Are Essen-
tial to Good of Community—Don't
Neglect Fruit.
With the growth of the commercial
fruit Interests of the United States,
the home fruit garden has been over-
shadowed by the commercial orchard.
While both the home garden and the
orchard are essential to the good of
the community, they bear different re-
lations to the country as a whole. The
home garden usually Is a forerunner of
commercial development, and even in
those localities where climatic and
soil conditions are adverse to conduct-
ing fruit-growing on an extensive scale,
the home fruit garden should be found.
BERRIES FOR FAMILY TABLE
Every Farmer Shpuld Endeavor to
Have Enough for His Own Use
Not Difficult to Grow.
Every farmer should try to grow
enough strawberries for family use,
at least. They come in so early in the
sejtson, when eatables are somewhat
scarce. All that hinders every family
from having all the berries they can
use is just simply negligence, for they
are neither costly, nor hard to grow.
Any reasonably good soil will produce
strawberries, and if they are set out
and cultivated well the first year
there will be an abundance of berries
|he next berry season.
Early apples cannot be stored to
advantage for nny length of time, and
for that reason they must be used
up shortly after arriving on the mar-
ket. They cannot be placed in cold
storage during the winter, us they are
not as good as the later fruit and they
cannot be shipped without considerable
risk. For this reason the early apple
is distinctly a product for the local
market and the advisability of plant-
ing more early apples in any section
will depend entirely on the market con
ditions which the grower should de-
termine for himself.
There Is no doubt a danger of over-
planting of early apples, and in some
ections un orchard of early apples
would not be profitable. However, In
many districts near falr-slzed cities
people are found to like the first ap-
ples on the market and the grower who
can raise good early apples is surer
of a profit thun the grower who raises
the later varieties which will receive
much competition from other apple-
growing sections.
GERMANS HURRAS RUMANIA
I,ondon, Oct. 16.—Standing on their
own frontier, the Humanlan troops
who recently invaded Transylvania
from the south and east are fighting
desperately to prevent the forces of
the central powers from entering Ru-
mania. Russian reinforcements are be-
ing ru hed to the aid of the Ruman-
ians, a wireless report from Bucharest
says, and it is announced that King
Ferdinand will take the field at the
head of his harassed troops.
In eastern Transylvania and on the
southern border, the Austro-German
forces continue to make progress
against the invaders. East of Csllc
Szereda the advance had not yet halt-
ed and west of the Vulcan pass, Ru-
manian attacks have been checked,
Berlin reports. Fighting on the fron-
tier northeast of Kronstadt, the Ru-
manians have recaptured a Rumanian
village, southeast from Orna from thai
Austro-Germans. Bucharest also re-
ports the capture of Mon Slguiello
and a frontier town near Petroseney.
with severe losses to the Teutonic
forces. The wireless dispatch from
Bucharest al">0 announces that a com-
mission of French officers is on the
way to the Rumanian capital to aid
the "hard pressed generals of King
Ferdinand. More than 15,000 prison-
ers, Bucharest Bays, have been taken
by the Rumanians on the various
fronts.
WATER NECESSARY FOR SILO
There Is Small Danger of Adding Too
Much When Corn Is Dry or Be-
comes Frosted.
If the corn is dry or becomes frost-
ed* add plenty of water when ensiling;
there is small dunger of adding too
much.
A convenient method is to run u
three-fourth to Inch streum Into tha
blower us the corn is being cut. ^
RESTA IS VICTOR IN BIG RACE.
Italian Driver Takes Big Money In
250-Mile Auto Event.
Chicago, Oct. 16.—Darlos Resta cap-
tured the winner's share of the $15,-
000 grand American purse today and
went into the lead of the season com-
petition for the 1916 American cham
plonship purse by {13,500 by winning
the 250-mtte auto-race here today. He
failed by a small fraction to equal
the new world's record of 104 miles
an hour, established at the Astor cup
race at New York. Restas' time for
the 250 miles was tow hours, twenty-
four minutes, 16.68 seconds, a rate of
103.9 miles an hour.
Johnny Aitkins finished second, halt
a lap behind, after giving Resta a hard
race in the laBt ten miles. Rlcken-
bacher was third.
Fired Upon Without Warning.
Washington, Oct. 16.—The British
steamer Stephano, sunk by the Ger-
man submarine U-53 off the New Eng.
land coast Jast Sunday was fired upon
without warning her commander.
Captain Smith, reported In an affidavit
received today by the state depart-
ment. Captain Smith declared three
solid shots were used, the first ot
which hit the gtephano's bow. No evi-
dence corroborating his statement hM
been received bi tha department. ,
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The Hennessey Clipper (Hennessey, Okla.), Vol. 27, No. 20, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 19, 1916, newspaper, October 19, 1916; (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc106047/m1/3/?q=wichita+falls: accessed May 26, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.