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Around Tahlequah Council Fires: The Life of Oklahoma Historian T. L. Ballenger

Description: Article describes the life of Tom Lee Ballenger, a professor at Northeastern State University in Tahlequah who spent a lifetime educating students and researching the history of Oklahoma. The title of the article is taken from an anthology Ballenger wrote about the capital of the Cherokee Nation and the people who established it.
Date: Autumn 1982
Creator: Agnew, Brad
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Spring Frog

Description: Article provides a biographical sketch of the life of Spring Frog, the prominent Cherokee leader who lived from 1754 to 1859. T. L. Ballenger describes his service in battles and his activities among his people.
Date: Spring 1966
Creator: Ballenger, T. L.
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

A History of the Cherokee Indians

Description: Article details the first mention of the Cherokee tribe within accounts made by Europeans. Included is poetry written by the explorers describing their encounters with the tribesmen and their first impressions.
Date: Autumn 1930
Creator: Cunningham, Hugh T.
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Aunt Eliza of Tahlequah

Description: Article chronicles the life of Eliza Missouri Bushyhead, a prominent teacher at the Cherokee Female Seminary at Tahlequah. The article compares her life to her father's, Jesse Bushyhead, who was a missionary based in the Cherokee Nation.
Date: Spring 1931
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The Trial of Stand Watie

Description: Article explains the tensions present within the Cherokee tribe during the enforcement of the Indian Removal Act. The tribe was split into factions regarding whether to willfully give up their lands to the federal government. This tension is best seen with the murder trial of Stand Watie.
Date: Autumn 1934
Creator: Foreman, Grant & Paschal, George W.
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

An Open Letter from Too-Qua-Stee to Congressman Charles Curtis, 1898

Description: Article outlines the author's disapproval of provisions of the Curtis Act that closed the governments of the Five Civilized Tribes in Oklahoma. The article starts with an introduction by the editor explaining the background of the letter.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Duncan, DeWitt Clinton & Wright, Muriel H. (Muriel Hazel), 1889-1975
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Captain David McNair and His Descendants

Description: Article describes the life and career of Captain David McNair, a prominent figure in the Cherokee Nation and owner of a boat yard on the Conasauga River. Carolyn Thomas Foreman discusses the people he helped throughout his life and includes correspondence from the time to create a clearer portrait of the man.
Date: Autumn 1958
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Cherokee Indian Agents, 1830-1874

Description: Article details the problems faced by Indian Affair agents who were charged with managing the Cherokee tribe, who split in two during resettlement, between the years 1830 and 1874.
Date: Winter 1972
Creator: Broemeling, Carol B.
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Chief Bowles of the Texas Cherokee

Description: Article describes the life and leadership of Chief Bowles, Cherokee leader during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Dorman H. Winfrey explores his attempts to gain land for the Cherokees, and the battles with Texans.
Date: Spring 1954
Creator: Winfrey, Dorman H.
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Survey of Education in Eastern Oklahoma from 1907-1915

Description: Article describes the history of the public school system in Eastern Oklahoma, beginning with its establishment and growth by the Cherokee Nation. Joe C. Jackson investigates the legal details and the religious foundations of education in Indian Territory, and provides charts listing the population of schools in rural Oklahoma and the salaries of teachers working there in the early 1900s.
Date: Summer 1951
Creator: Jackson, Joe C.
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Tragedy of the Goingsnake District: The Shoot-out at Zeke Proctor's Trial

Description: Article illustrates the events leading up to the tragedy at Goingsnake courthouse, a shootout between a group of Cherokees and a group of U.S. marshals that originated from a family feud. Kelley Agnew, winner of the National History Day Competition of 1986, provides a vivid portrait of the situation and the two men who led the groups involved, Ezekial Proctor and White Sut Beck.
Date: Autumn 1986
Creator: Agnew, Kelley
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The Mosquito Dance

Description: Article explores the music and story behind behind the Mosquito Dance, a Cherokee-Natchez tradition. Charlotte Heth also examines the music of the Horse Fly Dance, a similar melody.
Date: Winter 1976
Creator: Heth, Charlotte
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The Primal Fire Lingers

Description: Article discusses the history of a Natchez-Cherokee settlement, traditional practices still preserved there, and the story of the "sacred fire" still held by its people.
Date: Winter 1975
Creator: Campbell, Janet & Sam, Archie
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Houston's Politics and the Cherokees, 1829-1833

Description: Article chronicles Sam Houston's attempts to lobby Congress for better rations and resources for the Cherokee people after their relocation during President Andrew Jackson's administration. Houston was a long time friend of the tribe and was angered by the conditions in which they lived during this time.
Date: Winter 1968
Creator: Jones, Robert L. & Jones, Pauline H.
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Notes and Documents, Winter 1978-79

Description: Notes and Documents column including a document that annotates a series of correspondence between agents of Indian Territory and a Cherokee veteran called the Whale, a warrior who was promised a ceremonial rifle and silver medal and was belatedly honored for his contribution.
Date: Winter 1978
Creator: Agnew, Brad
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

John Rollin Ridge

Description: Article chronicles the life of John Rollin Ridge, a Cherokee poet, scholar, journalist, and adventurer. Included are excerpts from his poetry books and correspondences between Ridge and his cousin, Stand Watie.
Date: Winter 1926
Creator: Dale, Edward Everett
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Eliza Jane Ross: A Pioneer Cherokee Educator

Description: Article provides a biography of Eliza Jane Ross, niece of Cherokee Chief John Ross and prominent pioneer teacher within the Cherokee Nation, paying tribute to her dedication as an educator and impact on the communities she taught.
Date: Summer 2009
Creator: McCullagh, James G.
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society
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