Wheatland Weekly Watchword. (Wheatland, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 31, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 5, 1908 Page: 2 of 8
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The Walhalla at Regensburg, which
of many men
Aa to Training 80110010
Thera is considerable discussion go-
ing on in some of the eastern states
as to whether it is wise to employ all
the teachers of a town from the train-
ing school of the place. That this
would tend to narrow the scope of the
schools and put the* into a rut seems
to be the opinion of those opposed,
while another element thinks that a
town with a training school should
provide for its young women in its
schools and should thus provide the
schools with trained teachers.
World's Largest University
First place among the universities
of the world, in matter of mere num-
bers, up to last year held ny that of
Berlin, has now been won by the Uni-
versity of Paris, which had a student
body of 16,609 in last summer's seme-
ster. A report Just presented states
that the teaching staff consists of 285
professors and instructors. The facul-
ty of law, by far the largest, had then
7,182 students and found it difficult to
cope with the corresponding demands.
Medicine had 3,330 Btudents, letters
2,649, setences 2,137; and pharmacy
1,000.
The effective sterilisation of soil
under Held conditions presents many
difficulties and has never been accom-
plished pxcept at prohibitive cost.
| In the experiments of the Bureau of
Plant Industry with cotton wilt a large
number of fungicides, including sul-
phur, copper sluphate, copper car-
bonate, copper acetate, Bordeaux
mixture, lime and sulphur, liver of
sulphur, iron sulphate, carbolic acid,
and formalin were applied to wilt-
infected soils in such liberal quanti-
ties that the cost of the treatment ex-
ceeded the value of the land, but in
the amount of wilt lea-
contains the statues
who have contributed to the greatnesa
of the German people, will receive an
addition next July in the form of a
Bismarck memorial. In his order to
the Kulturmlnister directing the addi-
tion, the prince regent of Bavaria
says that the step would have been
COATS OF PAPER
FOR THE BEE HIVES
FARMING IN
THE SOUT
COTTON WILT—A DISEASE THAT
Iff ON THE INCREASE.
years after the death of the great
one. The Bismarck memorial will be
unveiled on the tenth anniversary of
his death.
V
Wild Goose 8tory from Maine
Here is a wild goose story from a
South Ilarpswell correspondent: Fri-
day afternoon as Edward H. Moody
was working at Barne’s Island Cove
he saw a large wild goose sitting in
the edge of the water. The wind was
blowing a good breeze at the time and
the goose had evidently got in the lee
and was taking his afternoon nap.
Mr. Moody crept up and seized him
by the neck and got one of the worst
beatings of his life from the wings of
the bird, but he held fast and took hie
prize dome and has him still alive,,
and will keep him to show to hie
friends as a proof of the wonderful
feat he accomplished.—Kennebec
Efforts of the Government to Develop
• Wilt Resistant Plant—By W. A.
Orton, Pathologist.
of solid brood, and they were hanging
out. at the time of examination with
the temperature at 78 degrees in the
shade. Of the 13 colonies packed only
with tarred paper, eight were dead—
starved.
The drawing herewith illustrates my
method of packing colonies in the
jfe hive shown is one
used in the
1 eight or ten frame
I single-queen colo-
V ’ 1 nies as well, as
It. shown in the sec-
tbe lhte cold and
K springs, packing
y has besoms a necessity In these north-
■\ era states, and the shove plan, it
V seems to ms, has proven the most
J practical of any that I have employed.
, The reason I nee two pieces of tar.
rad paper is because 1 am not able to
*; get paper large enough to cover a 14-
•*,' frame hive cover to bottom-board, as
! ft ought to If good results ar»\ secured.
V t da not know whether there is any
advantage in having two places, ex-
> sept that there #ouM be a double
t layer of tarred paper In front, in the
and an the top; but this can
* hardly be considered on account of
• tiff Offpenaa of using two pieces for a
m flva. Thera Is no doubt that one
# pleeo of tarred paper par hive would
# 'IS batter. ’ 1 use only two places for
no case was
It is not believed that any treatment
of this sort is practicable.
Resistance to Wilt.
The standard varieties of
Two absconded, and went
into other hives, and three were stick-
ing out their stings and shaking their
their
wings at me when I took
cover; and by feeding and conxlng I
was able to build them up to be
fairly good colonies for wintering by
fall.
It might be of interest for me to say
that the 41 colonies that were rearing
brood during this cold spell averaged
100 pounds per colony in last year's
poor season.
In commenting on Mr. Alwin'e meth-
ods, the editor of Bee Culture says:
“The use of two pieces of tarred paper
in place of one will facilitate very ma-
terially the packing and unpacking;
but we would suppose that, at the lino
where the top piece overlaps the bot-
tom pne, #lnd and water would beat
la; pnd if the'Jake Is tipped a little
sidewise the wajjpr would run down
between the ■ packing. Perhaps • you
overcame this in some way.
“It Is a little surprise to us that you
secured as good respUs after feeding
In such cold weather, evfen though;, the
sirup was given them hot. It would
have been our opinion that this hot
sirup would have so stirred up the col-
ony that bad result^ would have fol-
cotton
differ considerably in susceptibility to
wilt, but none of them are sufficiently
resistant to be cultivated with profit
Extended variety
on Infected land,
tests on infected Helds have shown
His Use for Money
R. H. Murray, in a sketch of H. H.
Rogers, tells this: “Rogers once
walked into the hut of Ned Haskins,
who lived the life of a semi-hermit in
a hut eight feet square, close to Fort
Phoenix, In Fairhaven, Mass., where
Mr. Rogers’ Bummer house stands
now. ‘Ned, what would you do if you
Destitute and 80 years old, Mrs.
Caroline Williams, whose faoe, If her
story is true, appears on all of Uncle
Sams’ silver dollars, has been taken
to the Broome county almshouse, saya
a Binghamton (N. Y.) correspondenL
She says she not only never has re-
ceived a cen^ for her portrait in silver,.
but that she even has been robbed ot
the honor due her.
rif. s.—The cotton-wilt fungus. a, Mecrocooldla
of fiuarlum mage from outer berk of dead
item; b, bjrphae end mtcrocouldla from Tea-
■ele of freeliljr wilted stem; e, chlsmydospores
from bark of root; d, bright red psrltbecla
from root of dead plant; a, a eel aud aacoa-
wrea Iwfne in the peritnecla.
that as a general rule the large-boll
sorts, Russel, Truitt, etc., are more
subject to wilt than other groups of
varieties. The most resistant of the
American Upland varieties tested was
the Jaskson Limbless, which produced
about 45 per cent of a crop where
other kinds failed. The original Jack-
son was not sufficiently resistant to
justify its general cultivation, but it
has been of value as a basis for breed-
ing beilfff races.
Egyptian cotton is more resistant to
wilt than Upland cotton, but it bas
not as yet been found practicable to
utilize this quality, as the Egyptian
varieties do not succeed in our South-
eastern States and it is easier to breed
resistance direct from Upland varie-
ties than from crosses with Egyptian
cotton.
The individual differences in cotton
plants have been utilized as a basis
for breeding new resistant strains.
The work of the Bureau of Plant In-
dustry has now been continued along
this line for eight years, and has re-
sulted in the successful development
of two new varieties that can bo
grown on the worst infected land, pro-
vided a rotation or crops for the con-
trol of root-knot is practical.
The development of such varieties
however, is neither quickly nor easily
accomplished, but requires breeding
by exact methods for several years.
It will not suffice to send pickers
through the fields to gather seed cot-
ton from apparently resistant plants,
as some have recommended. Our ex-
perience has been that such mass se-
lection is expensive and ineffective.
Much of the seed obtained is taken
from plants not truly resistant, ana
the succeeding crop is nearly as much
While such a
BREAKS A COLD PROMPTLY
IN THE LITERARY WORLD
lowed. At all events, we would say
that beginners should be cautioned;
for nnlesa hives 1
colonies very sti
would bp a very
Notes and Comments on Recent Books
of Interest
As publishers of juvenile books of
interest and merit, Lothrop, Lee &
Shepard Co., Boston, are maintaining
this fall the splendid record hereto-
Their offerings are
■well packed, and
I, such feeding
ibtful proceeding.
“In a Mineral way we observe that,
where your hives were packed with
newspapers under tarred paper, you
not only secured excellent results In
winter, hut Increased materially the
amount of honey. We see no reason
why hives well papered under caps
should not winter thetr colonies just
as well as those having a wooden cap
over them. It was demonstrated last
winter In our own yard, and reports
went to prove it, that a mere paper
cap without packing under tt la hardly
fore enjoyed,
many and vai
terestlng of their fall publications is
Everett T. Tomlinson’s "Four Boys on
the Mississippi.” It details the expe-
riences of four healthy, red-blooded
youngsters who make a most envia-
ble trip on the Mississippi. What
they miss finding oue or enjoying would
not be worth mentioning. The value
of the book is in Its exposition of how
much more valuable to our youth it
is to tour their own country, inci-
dentally learning its history, re-
sources, social, industrial and com-
MM not an advocate of wintering
outdoors In a climate so cold as
of Minnesota, although I have
Mod, aad am at the preeeht time
fflwt. beee outdoors successfully.
The Appropriate Flower
“The late Senator Proctor,” said a
Burlington man, “hated these interna,
tional marriages where a titled for-
eigner marries an American girl with
four or five millions.
“I heard him once say in Burling-
ton that he’d believe in the sincerity
in such marriages when he saw an
English duke or an Italian prince mar-
rying an American girl who was poor.
“Then he smiled grimly and ended:
“If I were a millionaire and wero
giving my daughter and a dozen mil-
lions to some young count or earl, I’d
have the church decorated only with
marigolds.”—Burlington Hawkeye.
sufficient protection for outdoor-win-
tered colonies In localities where the
temperature goes down to ten or 20
above zero, occasionally hovering
monad the aero point There should
be several folds of newspaper, old car-
peting, blankets, or something under
the cap to provide the necessary In-
sulation, tor a cold atmosphere will
penetrate a seven-elghths-lnch board.
If, however, such boards be covered
With several folds of newspaper, with
n good protecting cap, either of paper
or wood, good results will ordlnarly
follow.”
threads micro-
scopic
^Rt lives in the earth
CTBSaTOrraBBffi on decaying or*
eQ ganlc matter un-
til it encounters
**«/**« the small feeding
non of part of » ... .
diseased cotton roots Of the COt-
stem. showing Teasels *on wjjich it en-
siled by the wilt fun- “ou> ”
■ns. Normal water ters. This fungus
▼esaela are shown <b> jg fujly able tO
In com pari non with . . . _ „
aereral anch Teaaela penetrate healthy
<f) plugged by the roots. Wounds or
wilt fungus. root-knots-injuries
are not necessary to infection, though
plants weakened by root-knot may suc-
cumb more quickly to wilt. The fun-
gus penetrates the vascular system
of the root and grows upward into
the stem. During the life of the host
plant the fungus is mainly confined to
the vessels.
Liberal provision is made for the re-
production and spread of this fungus
through four different spore forms,
also illustrated in figure 5. The first,
or microconidia (b), are small, color-
less spores borne on the mycelium
within the vessels. The second, or
macroconidia (a), are larger, sickle-
shaped, or Fusarium spores and are
borne in great numbers on oblong
pink cushions on the outer bark or
the stem after the plant dies and tbe
fungus grows outward from tbe ves-
sels. These two spore forms are short
lived, but serve to spread the fungus
widely under favorable conditions.
Wages in Samoa
A memorandum drawn up by the
German colonial office, and attached
to the estimates for the Information
of the members of the reichstag, con-
tains a statement of the present con-
dition of the labor question In Samoa,
in which it is stated that the white
population was formerly entirely de-
pendent upon Samoan workmen, while
now the major part of the work at
most of the plantations is done by
Chinese Imported for this labor. Each
Chinese laborer receives In wages
$2.86 a month. .* -ui —*
SELF-BOILED SPRAY
MIXTURE
Gertrude Atherton, whose “Senator
North” set the literary world a-talk-
ing a few years ago, contributes a
beautiful little romance to the popu-
1 in “The Gorgeons Isle”
tblished by Doubleday,
It is Illustrated in colors
which is ]
Page & Co.
by C. Coles Phillips, and withal is
an exceedingly handsome piece of
work. There is certain to be a big
demand for this beautiful book, and
story as well, for gift books the com-
ing holiday season. Another hand-
some offering by the same publishers
is “On Christmas Day in the Morn-
ing” by Grace S. Richmond, author
of the celebrated “Jullel” series. This
Is certain to be in large demand as a
Christmas gift book.
m mlM winters we have been hav-
MM Mai few years. But the ays-
•t packing that I describe Is
Mtfer spring ffffatcctlon; hat I do
hesitate to advocate this method
MUM tor wlater Iff a climate like
; eC Ohio. Although our winters
a Been mild, onr springs have atm-
bees—well, I can’t think of n word
•C enough to express myself prop-
—hut the overage temperature
a .tha fat of April to the 15th of
r waa 49 degrees Fahr. last year;
AfflbftRe of these conditions I had
ooloniee boiling over with bees,
dNHtfffkfeg by the Inst week of May
JfeM of June; and If bees rear
id axtcarively so that, by the last
Iffy, the hives are just boiling over
I .boss aad brood, with the temper-
b outride ranging below freezing,
eaff certainly winter them out-
re successfully la a climate where
temyerature rarely goes below
diseased as the first,
method should result in increasing
the resistance of the crop in the long
run, the cross-pollination between re-
sistant and nonresistant plants greatly
results. The correct
Oklahoma Directory
RJ5IF DEERE IMPLEMENTS
and VELIE VEHICLES s.ky»urd.dto
er JOHN BEERE PLOW CO, OKLAHOMA CITT
delays
method is to select with great care
a small number of plants that appear
to be healthy, though growing in the
The seed from
Iff, 1* • 29* 1 lav. am* vjivcs spcciei eiiciruom
Incipienl^onffumplic^ Bronchitiff^RhcumsitMm*
Frederic 9. Isham, author of The
Lady of the Mount, tells a good story
about Judge O’Nally, American con-
sul at Nankin, whom the novelist met
On the oc-
worst infected areas,
each of these plants must be kept
separate and planted in parallel rows
on infected land the next year. The
resulting progeny will show which of
the plants selected transmits the re-
sistant quality in the most effective
manner. The rows will also vary
much in productiveness and other
qualities. The best one should be se-
lected and the other discarded. In
some cases a resistant row of satis-
factory quality has been found the
first year, and only two more sea-
sons were required to multiply the
seed, but more often complete success
has not been had at once and the
work had to be repeated.
The origination of new wilt-resistant
varieties is work for the plant breeder
rather than the general farmer, and
there is need for men in every county
to take up the business of breeding
to supply this demand. The farmer,
however, should practice selection to
further improve the strain purchased
from breeders, or at least to preserve
it from deterioration. The Bureau of
Plant Industry desires to stimulate
the breeding and sale of improved
varieties of cotton. To this end it will
place tbe varieties already developed
in the hands of men who will improvo
them and offer them for sale.
hot water. Tbe heat from the‘slak-
ing lime will boil the mixture violently
for several minutes. Some, stirring is
necessary to prevent burning, and
more water should be added if the
mass gets too thick to stir, but the
cooking is more effectual when the
minimum quantity cf water is used,
usually from six to eight gallons be-
ing required.
A piece of old carpet or gunnysack
thrown over tbe top of the barrel helps
to keep in the heat. The boiling will
continue from 20 to 30 minutes, de-
pending upon the quality of the lime.
When the boiling ceases, dilute with
cold water to make 50 gallons, stir
thoroughly and strain through a sieve
of about 60 meshes to the inch in order
to take out coarse particles of lime,
but all the sulphur should be carefully
worked through.
In a similar manner, enough for 150
gallons may be prepared in a barrel
by using 30 pounds of sulphur and 45
nounds of quicklime, with about 20
When the
on the Yangtsl, in China,
casion of the last Taft visit at Shang-
hai, there was a reception to the dis-
tinguished guest, and the popular
judge was, of course, among those in-
vited to attend. Naturally It would
be a high hat occasion or the men, and
just prior to leaving the judge handed
his to his “China boy,” with Instruc-
tions to iron it carefully. “He did,”
said the Judge; “but what do you sup-
pose he did first? Gave it a coating
of stove polish! I met Taft, but need-
less to say, didn’t wear that hat.”
DRS. BUXTON & TODD
SPECIALISTS
EYE. EAR. NOSE AND THROAT
Indiana Bldg. OKLAHOMA CITY
When In the market for Architectur-
al Iron and Steel, Machinery and Ma-
chinery Supplies of every description,
GINS AND COTTON
CLEANERS. ENGINES
and Boilers, Write N. 8. Sherman Ma-
chine A Iron Works, Oklahoma City.
Last sprint. March 15. oa account of
(ha mild weather and the restlessness
ef the bees, I aet 64 good colonies on
thetr summer stands. Of these, 1
packed 41 according to my method;
and because I ran out of newspapers
the remaining IS were packed with
tarred paper only. This warm weather
Was soon followed by a cool spell
which lasted until the last days of
ApriL On the first of May we were
htaeaed (?) with a foot and n halt of
anaer. This waa soon followed by se-
vere ootd weather, with the tempera-
tare ranging from five to ten degrees
•hove asm. Thin Mated for a week.
Plpriag this time I made It a practice
ta gfero cash colony a pint of hot sugar
■Otrap each day. The 41 well-packed
itrlTT*" tack theirs oroiy day. and
. taMrid hava taken non. The 13 with
Mrijr tinted paper would not take the
^^ilng daring tkteCdd spell; aad every
i iright I changed hot syrup for cold.
Make more
money picking
COTTON l
Saves hard
work.
Children can
do a man’s —
work by use- wj
ing the
SANDER'S COTTON TICKERS TRUCK. Write TODAY to
on re 819-21-22 Baltimore Building. AGENTS WANTED—
MAKE BIO HONEY
gallons of boiling water,
boiling ceases, the barrel should be
filled with cold water and diluted with
100 gallons more when transferred to
the spray tank.
In some of the experiments reported
by Mr. Scott a wash consisting of five
pounds of sulphur and ten pounds of
lime to 50 gallons of water gave ex-
cellent, results. This would indicate
that n much more dilute mixture than
the 18-15-60 formula may prove to be
a satisfactory fungteidde. The wash
was also prepared with cold water, in-
stead of bailing water, aad in aome
eases a portion of the lime was at
first withheld aad later added, a small
lamp at a time, in order to prolong
the boiling; but the experiments hava
not been sufficient to determine defi-
nitely the correct formula and the hem
method of preparation.
HARTWELLS JEWELERS
The dairyman who receives his milk
check every month and is compelled
to pay from one-third to one-half of
it over to the feed dealer is not mak-
ing a success of the business. I dc
not believe in buying a lot of ex-
pensive grain feeds just to make
manure to put on the land so that
we may grow larger crops to feed
out with more purchased grain to
make manure to put on the soil, etc.
Oats are Just as good a food as you
need for turkeys, but feed them your-
self and don’t let the turks wallow
through the oat field.
Oklahoma's Grandest Jewelry Establishment Quits the Jewelry Busi<
new Jan. 1,1909. Everything Most Be Sold Regardlem of Cost.
Better hoe a cornfield four times
when the weeds are small than once
when they are big. It’s cheaper.
Some farmers in Kansas report the
yield of 60 bushels of Kherson oats to
the acre. They mature nearly aad
avoid the rust.
Fim cut diamonds in nng, at 910 op. 10 to 15 per cent discount on all
diamonds. 15 to /0 per cent due oust on el! diamond dusters. Write fee
anythin* you may be interestsu in.
J. F. HARTWELL, 105 Main St, Oklahoma City, Ok.
When the clouds look threatening, it
la time to look after the little tarbors
that are running with tbe hena.
<r-il • -W Irimfuft''' i
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Heisel, Lula. Wheatland Weekly Watchword. (Wheatland, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 31, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 5, 1908, newspaper, December 5, 1908; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc936499/m1/2/: accessed May 22, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.