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An Early Account of the Cherokees

Description: Article provides an introduction to and includes an account by geologist George W. Featherstonhaugh of the early status of the Cherokee Nation. Featherstonhaugh highlights the written version of their language devised by Sequoyah, their plight in the face of the westward push of white settlement, the ways they adapted British technologies and agricultural techniques, and government relations.
Date: Summer 1956
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Miss Sophia Sawyer and Her School

Description: Article provides historical background for the work of Miss Sophia Sawyer, who began a female seminary for both Cherokee and white students in the Cherokee Nation and also worked at several different missions. Carolyn Thomas Foreman examines her life and accomplishments through correspondence and newspaper reports.
Date: Winter 1954
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

S. Alice Callahan: Author of Wynema a Child of the Forest

Description: Article describes the life and work of S. Alice Callahan, author of Wynema Child of the Forest and teacher at the Harrell Institute in Muscogee, Indian Territory. Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the contents of the book, its titular individual, and includes excerpts of Callahan's work.
Date: Autumn 1955
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The Lost Cherokee Treaty

Description: Article describes a treaty the Cherokee Nation made with the U. S. government over a tract of land referred to as Wafford's Settlement. Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the journey of recovering the treaty, which initially was lost and only found twenty years later after much correspondence between the Cherokees and high-ranking government officials.
Date: Summer 1955
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The Jumper Family of the Seminole Nation

Description: Article highlights the history of the Jumper family of the Seminole Nation, beginning with Chief Micanopy, who was leader during the Seminole Wars. Caroline Thomas Foreman discusses the conflict between the U.S. Army and the Seminole Nation, the treaties made to secure peace, and Seminole resistance to the removal west.
Date: Autumn 1956
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Lee Compere and the Creek Indians

Description: Article describes the work of Reverend Lee Compere, missionary to the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, and the abuse he suffered by white commissioners investigating the killing of General William McIntosh. Carolyn Thomas Foreman investigates the state of government relations with the Muscogees (Creeks) during the early nineteenth century.
Date: Autumn 1964
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Lieutenant-General Theophilus Hunter Holmes, C. S. A., Founder of Fort Holmes

Description: Article describes the military career of Lieutenant General Theophilus Hunter Holmes, founder of Fort Holmes. Carolyn Thomas Foreman discusses his participation in the Seminole Wars, the Mexican-American War, and focuses particularly on his service in the Confederate Army during the Civil War.
Date: Winter 1957
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The Light-Horse in the Indian Territory

Description: Article describes the origin of the term "light-horse" and the appearance of mounted law enforcement in the tribes of North America. Carolyn Thomas Foreman discusses the "light-horsemen" of the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Muscogee (Creek) Nations.
Date: Spring 1956
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Two Notable Women of the Creek Nation

Description: Article discusses the lives, careers, and influence of two women of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Mary Lewis Herrod and Kate Shaw Ahrens. Carolyn Thomas Foreman provides a biographical sketch of each woman and discusses how they provided education to the youths of their nation.
Date: Autumn 1957
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The White Lieutenant and Some of His Contemporaries

Description: Article constructs a portrait of the career and leadership of the White Lieutenant, Chief Alexander McGillivray of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, through correspondence from the late eighteenth century. Carolyn Thomas Foreman provides context to the conflict between the Cowetas and the Okfuskees and other issues represented here.
Date: Winter 1960
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The Balentines, Father and Son, in the Indian Territory

Description: Article discusses the lives of Reverend Hamilton Balentine and his son, William H. Balentine. Carolyn Thomas Foreman first explores the career of the missionary teacher father and his work with the Wapanucka Institute, and then that of his son, who taught and also worked within the Cherokee government.
Date: Winter 1956
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Billy Bowlegs

Description: Article describes the life and personality of Billy Bowlegs, Seminole chief and warrior who fought against the encroachment of white settlers in the Seminole Wars. Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the legacy of the man through accounts and documentation from the nineteenth century.
Date: Winter 1955
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Captain David McNair and His Descendants

Description: Article describes the life and career of Captain David McNair, a prominent figure in the Cherokee Nation and owner of a boat yard on the Conasauga River. Carolyn Thomas Foreman discusses the people he helped throughout his life and includes correspondence from the time to create a clearer portrait of the man.
Date: Autumn 1958
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Dr. and Mrs. Richard Moore Crain

Description: Article discusses the lives of the pioneer couple Dr. Richard Moore Crain and his wife, who was Miss Anna Rebecca Neal before marriage. Carolyn Thomas Foreman discusses the difficulties they faced on the frontier, Anna's work as a schoolteacher, and Dr. Cain's work with the various tribes they lived among.
Date: Spring 1957
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

The Bean Family

Description: Article traces the history of a family of pioneers through three members of the Bean family. Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the lives of Mark Bean, Colonel Robert Bean, Captain Jesse Bean, and their families through historical correspondence and records.
Date: Autumn 1954
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Early History of Webbers Falls

Description: Article discusses the history of Webber Falls and the early inhabitants of that region of Indian Territory on the Arkansas River. Carolyn Thomas Foreman highlights the life of the Cherokee Walter Webber, for whom the falls were named, and investigates early documentation of the area.
Date: Winter 1951
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

North Fork Town

Description: Article illustrates the history of North Fork Town, its settlement by the Creeks, the religious denominations that took root there, and the schools that were eventually built in the area. Carolyn Thomas Foreman discusses the missionaries that helped found these schools and the growth of the town.
Date: Spring 1951
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Hopefield Mission in Osage Nation, 1823-1837

Description: Article describes the establishment and history of the Hopefield Mission, a branch of Union Mission established by Reverend William B. Montgomery, William C. Requa, and his wife. Carloyn Thomas Foreman discusses the hardships faced at the mission while trying to provide agricultural training to the Osage people.
Date: Summer 1950
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

John Jumper

Description: Article discusses the legacy of John Jumper, one of the principle chiefs of the Seminole Nation. Carolyn Thomas Foreman discusses his life and relations between the Creeks and the Seminoles during his time of leadership, treaties formed with the U.S. government, unrest during the Civil War, and the religious institutions established within the nation during the nineteenth century.
Date: Summer 1951
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Marshalltown, Creek Nation

Description: Article discusses the history of Marshalltown, a town in the Creek Nation that was established in the early nineteenth century. Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the crime that cropped up in the town, and the disputes that occurred between black Creeks and Cherokees.
Date: Spring 1954
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Joseph Absalom Scales

Description: Article describes the life and career of Joseph Absalom Scales, one of the civic leaders of the Cherokee Nation who acted as attorney, Major in the Confederate Army during the Civil War, and associate justice of the Supreme Court. Carolyn Thomas Foreman pieces together documentation from the nineteenth century to provide a portrait of the man.
Date: Winter 1950
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Pierce Mason Butler

Description: Article describes the life of Pierce Mason Butler, agent for the Cherokee people after their forced removal by the United States government. Carolyn Thomas Foreman captures the colonel's detailed descriptions about the people he worked which provide lasting information about the state of the Cherokee Nation at this time.
Date: Spring 1952
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society

Texanna

Description: Article examines life and business at Texanna, Oklahoma, a town settled by Cherokees who relocated there from Texas. Though now a ghost town, Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the town's history through accounts of travelers who documented it and citizens who lived there.
Date: Summer 1953
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society
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