Mayes County Republican (Pryor, Okla.), Vol. 10, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 24, 1917 Page: 3 of 6
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MAYES COUNTY REPUBLICAN
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----—u-iu-jm—ll_JL-fl-JLJL.il II II II IIJLJLI
-J An Indian Reservation Tale b ROBERT AMES
^□□□□□□□□□□nnmmnnnnnnh
• ■"•ek«“• •4^ii2^hSSta'i£mss ^cmrua r,r ,w° th, ,r°m ,n i
; as s mss ssr vizi:
• murder of Nogen, the last agent, a°nd of his hivlna bee^nremLh »?y °f di,a,fection *mo"B the Indians, of the l
• tribesmen. Redbear, the halfbreed internrew hi n promi8ed the ■0«<'cy. Hardy calls a council of head •
: a —*.v.M.^ iirsrri 5
. ............................
Dnsoen by his superior, Vandervyn
nodded encouragingly to Redbear and.
sndled at the Indians. Ilnrdy had not
turned his steady gaze from Tl-owa-
konza.
^ "The chief Is not angry," he said.
We shall soon be friends. Tell him
that I come in pence, with a good heart
toward ull the tribe. I do not blame
the killing of Mr. Nogen on the tribe.
If white men have done any wrong to
the tribe, I shall stop the wrongdoing.
If there are any members of the tribe
w ho are doing wrong, the chiefs should
help me make all do right.”
This time Redbear did not hesitate.
He faced the assembly and rolled out
a flood of Lakotah with desperate ra-
pidity. Almost immediately Tl-own*
korrcn rose to reply, his face ablaze
with indignation, his voice impassioned.
\\ hen he had spoken, he remained
■tanding.
‘■lie says he Is angry,” began Red-
bear.
“No,” brusquely contradicted Hardy.
*‘Look at his face. The others are an-
gered. He Is not. There is some mis-
understanding. Be careful that you
Interpret correctly.”
"He suys he is angry,” insisted Red-
iear, his sidelong glance looking past
Hardy to Vandervyn, who was nodding
reassuringly. “He says he is trying to
keep It Inside, but the others cun’t
hold it inside. He says you have got
to go away or there will be fighting.”
Hardy straightened on his chair, and
his look became severe. He spoke
sharply: “Tell the chief it is useless
to ask me to go away. I do not wish
to send for the Longknives. But they
will come and fight the tribe If there
Is nny uprising."
Itedbear's interpretation was fob
lowed by a hush more threatening than
gestures or outcries. Vandervyn has-
tily beckoned to the policemen. They
came along, under the overhang of the
warehouse until they were behind the
white men. Hardy heard the soft
scuffle of their moccasined feet in the
dust. He looked around and frowned.
“How Is this?” he demanded. “I
particularly wished no demonstration
of force," said Hardy.
“Well, since the police are here,
hadn’t you better let them stay? It
will be close enough work If matters
cofne to a scrap, and there’s Marie out
to see the fun.”
Hardy turned around to look at the
daring giii. She stood on a slight knoll
midway between the assembled Indians
and her fnther’s cubln.
"Tnke her back to the house," he or
dered.
"But would It be wise for me to leave
you nnd Charlie just now? The police
may not stay loyal if—"
“Go!"
The command was peremptory. Van-
dervyn started off, yet contrived to ex-
as he interpreted: "He—he says there
shall be no more barter of ore. lie
says all over again that this Is the
land of his tribe, ami white men have
no right here, and lie hates all Long-
knives.”
“Tell him that he is mistaken. The
soldiers have always been the best
friends of the Indians. I find that,
after next spring, no more food and
goods are to be Issued to the tribe.
Sooner or later, white men will come
and take the ore if the Indians do not
dig it themselves. Another thing, I
believe the tribe should agree to the
dividing up of their land, so that each
head of a family can have his own
farm nnd work it after the munner of
the white men. Other tribes hnve done
this, and they are no longer poor.”
Redbear hesitated, stepped more
aside from Hurdy, and began to peur
out a torrent of Lakotah. He had spo-
ken only a few sentences when a wave
of agitation passed over tire semicircle
of Indians. Blankets slipped down
from copper-red shoulders; fierce eyes
glared menacingly at Hardy. Several
of the more excitable bucks leaped up
with bow nnd rifle in hand.
Hurdy thrust out from among the
police and raised his hands to Tl-owa-
konza In the peace sign. The head
chief called to his fellows and turned
his back upon the agent with deliber-
ate contempt. All the others faced
about and followed him to the wnitlng
ponies. The bund mounted and rode
off up the valley In morose silence.
CHAPTER VII.
It
TI-owa-Konza Rom to Reply, Hla Face
Ablaze With Indignation.
change glnnces wl'h Reibear. nardy
studied the semicircle of waiting In-
dians with a resolute gaze, and. as
before, fixed his attention upon Ti-owu-
konza.
• "We must learn what Is the cause
of this ill feeling,” he remarked to the
halfbreed. "Ask them why they are
opposed to their young men trading
ore for Dupont’s goods.”
Redbear spoke slowly to the Indians,
his manner not unlike that of a man
who approaches a barrel of gunpowder
with a lighted torch. There was no
Explosion, but the old head chief flared
with unmistakable anger. He replied
with a fiery declamation that won
grants of approval from his fellows.
I The halfbreed's voice was unsteady
The Common Law.
There was still more than a trace of
red In Hardy’s sallow cheeks when Ma-
rie, Vandervyn and Dupont came In
upon him at the office. Dupont held
out a congratulatory hand.
By gar, Cap," he said, “you sure
hnd a mighty close squeak of it that
time. Guess old Ti got all-fired hot.
Where’s Charlie?”
Redbear? I sent him to reassure
his sister and the families of the po-
lice.”
“That was very thoughtful of you,
captain,” said Marie.
“But it would be far more consider-
ate if you would leave the reserva-
tion,” added Vandervyn.
“How so?" queried nardy.
"Of course, you'll fancy I am think-
ing of my promotion. But it’s not
that at all. Ask Jake.”
"I got It from the p’leece," said Du-
pont. "The whole bunch was crazy
to shoot you; they'd done R, too, only
Charlie sings out to ’em that Mr. Vun
was going to be agent, and you’d go
away."
"He said that?”
“Oh, captain, don’t be angry nt Char-
lie,” Interceded Mnrfe. "He had to do
it to save a fight.”
But why? I could not have been
more friendly. Tct everything I said
seemed to anger them."
‘T told you they’re a ornery bunch,”
replied Dupont. "It was for because
you being an officer. The chiefs hate
all soldiers like plzen. Most of the
old ones was in the ghost-dance craze,
and got jailed by the soldiers.”
"They may cool down and be willing
to listen to reason." argued Hardy.
“Cool down? They’ll go back and
sit and stew and stew till hell bolls
over. Next thing happens, they'll stir
up the young bucks. Nom d’un chien!
Just when I was gltting enough ahead
In my business to tuke care of my
old age and give Marie a chance to be
a lady—to stand to lose everything
and her and my scalp to boot!”
“You are free to leave here with her
whenever you wish."
"No, I ain’t I can’t leave my store
—all my property."
“There would be no danger If it
were not for you,” suid Marie, her
eyes flashing with indignation. "If
only you had not come here! If there
Is an outbreak, it will be all your
fault!”
“Mine?"
“Oh, I know you mean. well. But
If they’ve taken this violent dislike to
you— Why ever did you come? You
saw how they like Mr. Van. Had they
thought you would insist on staying,
nothing could have kept them from
attacking you. But the promise that
Mr. Van Is to be their agent, that paci-
fied them. Hnd you never come here,
all this would not have happened. The
chiefs would have come to talk with
Mr. Van, and would have gone back
satisfied."
Hardy swung around in his chair to
scrutinize the guileless face of Van-
dervyn.
“What do you say to that, sir?" he
interrogated.
"What cun I say?" replied Tandem
vyn, twisting the tip of his blond mus-
tache. “It is for you {o decide to
leave for the good of the tribe, or
to stay and take the chance of an up-
rising.”
“The way you put it—” considered
Hardy. "Perhaps It might be better
for all concerned if I should leave.”
"You bet it would, Cap,” eagerly
broke in Dupont. “’Tuin’t no joke.
Them ornery cusses ’ll git you like
they done with Nogen, Just as sure
as shooting."
Vandervyn shot a furious glance at
the blunderer. Marie was looking at
Hardy. But she did not need to see
the tightening of his lips to realize
what her father had done.
“Oh, Pere!” she reproached. "Why
did you say it? You should have
known Captain Hardy could not leave
after that.”
"Quite right, Miss Dupont,” said
Hardy.
“You mean, you won’t leave?” asked
Dupont.
“How can he?" Vandervyn smoothly
cut in. “You’ve put it up to him that
it would be deserting his post under
fire. He’s an army officer—he wouldn’t
leave now even If he knew his staying
here meant certain massacre for us
all, followed by certain massacre of
the tribe by the troops."
“I will remain until I have made at
least one more effort to pacify the
tribe," replied Hardy. “You are at
liberty to resign whenever you please.
Mr. Dupont has ample time to remove
his goods and his daughter from the
reservation.”
“Not me,” declared Marie; “I don’t
care what Pere and Reggie say; I
know there Is not one of the tribe who
would harm me, even In an outbreak."
“Well, mebbe not,” admitted her fa-
ther.
"I gntber that I am the only person
who seems to be endangered," re-
marked Hardy. “This being so, I will
wait a few days for the excitement to
subside, and will then call another
council."
“They won’t come ng’in to meet you,
predicted Dupont.
“Then I shall go to them.”
“Into the mountains, captain?" ex-
claimed Marie, her splendid eyes wid-
ening with concern. "Surely you will
not venture among the camps."
“The tribe must learn that I mean
friendship."
Dupont paused to scratch the side
of his head. But Vnndervyn spoke
without on instant’s hesitancy: “You
have no right to throw your life away
uselessly, captain. Suppose Charlie
and I make a trip to the camps, to see
if we cannot quiet the tribe and talk
the chiefs into giving you another
hearing? If you have no objection, we
could tell them that you cannot leave
just now, but that you will do so as
soon as you have tried to benefit them.”
And that Mr. Van’ll be next agent/’
ndded Dupont
"Will you tell them that I am here
to help them and to be their friend?”
queried Hardy.
Trust me to put It to them strong,
captain,” assured Vnndervyn. “I know
you’ll play fair by resigning In my fa-
vor as soon as you have the tribe In
hand,"
“After I hnve done what I can do to
Improve conditions among them," qual-
ified Hardy.
“I do so hope Mr. Van can persuade
them to be friendly with you," said
Marie. “I know he nnd Charlie will
be perfectly safe. But it will be hard
to.talk them out of their strange dls-
Hke* you. When will you start, Reg-
“Enrly tomorrow morning, if the cap-
tain has no objections.”
“The sooner the better," agreed
Hardy.
“I'll go and remove my council cos-
tume," said Vandervyn, smiling at his
Irreproachable frock coat,
Marie and her father rose with him.
Hardy bowed out the girl aud returned
to his desk. He was deep in the midst
of a report on the tribe when, half an
hour later, Vnndervyn returned to the
office In his riding togs.
“Charlie may not come bock this
afternoon,” he remarked. “I thought
I might ride down and tell him about
the trip. I could fetch your mare for
you."
"Very well. I shall be obliged,” re-
plied Hardy, »nd he returned to his
study of the report.
Vandervyn rode down along the far
side of the stream, keeping the thick-
ets as much as possible between him-
self and the Dupont house. He did
not recross the creek until he was op-
posite Redbear’s home. He found the
cabin floor closed. But at a slight
movemeut of the window curtains his
gesture. There was a short pause.
Then the door opened a scunt inch.
Hello!’' he said. "Where’s your
brother?”
"He has—has gone to tell the po-
lice families."
"On the agent’s mare," guessed Van*
Hlervyn.
"l’leuse—he didn’t mean any harm—
please don’t tell on him.”
“That depends,” replied Vandervyn.
Do you think I care to favor him
when you act as if you bate me?"
"Hate? No, no!" The door opened
several inches and as suddenly closed
to a narrow crack.
But Vandervyn had caught a glimpse
of the girl’s blushing face. His voice
dropped to a caressing tone: “You’re
not afraid of me, are you, Just because
I wanted a kiss? Come out here and
tulk. 1 won’t bite you.”
“You promise not to—to kiss me?”
“Not unless you wish me to."
“But—but I do!" came back the
naive confession.
Impulsively he started to swing off
his pony. The cabin door shut with
a bang. He straightened in the saddle,
waited a long moment, frowned heav-
ily, and started to ride away.
From the window Came a plaintive
cry: “Oh, please, please!”
He deliberately dismounted, flung
the reins over his horse’s head, and
walked to the opened window. The
eager, frightened face within blushed
scarlet and shrank back. He stopped
short.
“See here,” he admonished, “if you’re
going to be silly, I shull go away for
gallop. He flung himself out of the* After the officer left, Duuo
1 ,V“fed UP°n Vnudervjn’ ed acro8S the table at her and begnia
bis face dark with suspicion. ,n ,lUa
sen
’Mill
“It Will Be Hard to Talk Them Out
of Their Strange Dielike for You."
good. You’ve got the door barred, and
you know I shall not try to crawl
in at a hole like this.”
“I—I won’t be,” she faltered.
“That’s better,” he said, and he
reached in to slip his arm around her
trembling shoulders.
Shrinking yet yielding, with eyes
timidly downcast and olive cheeks
burning with blissful shame, the young
girl allowed him to draw her closer.
Her lips quivered, yet she raised them
to meet his kiss.
“There!” he rallied. “Was it so
dreadful ?”
She did not nnswer; she could not.
ner head drooped forward with the
instinctive modesty of an innocent
joung girl. lie put the forefinger of
his free hand under her chin and
raised her head to tnke a second kiss.
“One good turn deserves another,
sweetheart,” he said.
“You should not—not call me that,”
she whispered. “You are a gentleman
white man; I am only a halfbreed—
I’m yellow as a Chinaman.”
“No—golden. You are my golden
girl. Your cheeks are wild roses and
honey gold. Your eyes are like a
fawn's; your lips sweet as honey—
Another kiss— There, that’s more like
It. You’re learning how. Now look
at me.” /
She raised her drooping lids with
the sudden, desperate courage of one
who Is very shy, and gazed up at him,
her tender eyes starlike with the soft
glow of her love and adoration.
“You—vou really like me?” she
whispered.
“No, I hate you like poor Lo hates
firewater. Give him a taste, and he
W'ants It nil. I want you.”
“Charlie—he said I must marry a
white man. I am joyed In my heart—
You say you want me! But I am only
n hnlfbreed girl, and you—
“You're my honey-sweet girlie. Go
and open the door.”
She looked up nt him again full and
direct, and his gaze sank before the
trust in her clear eyes.
“lnu want me to be your engaged
girl!’’ she murmured. “When people
are engaged, they are going to be mar-
ried. Charlie said I must marry a
white man, a good white man. You
are kind to me. It is wonderful. I
have read that even army officers have
married hnlfbreed girls. But you are
grander than any officer, and you are
very good to think of marrying me.'
Vnndervyn forced a smile, and re-
plied to her adulation without meeting
her enraptured gaze:
"What else did you think I meant
when I kissed you? Of course we shall
he married. As we are here on the
reservation, it will be according to the
custom of the tribe.”
“Married? Oh, my heart singsP
cried the girl. “I will be your wife—
yours! 1 can’t believe it— There
comes Charlie. I must run and tell
him.”
Vandervyn hastily released her, and
drew his arm out of the window as he
looked around.
"Walt!" he commanded. "He’s com-
ing fust enough. Leave the door
barred."
— - — uuf uuvvu U|fUU V
his face dark with suspicion.
“What you saying to my sister?" he
demanded.
The white man met his threatening
.look with o- half-contemptuOus, half-
amused smile.
“I’ve been showing the girl what I
think of her,” he replied.
Redbear came to a sudden halt. The
muscles of his face begun to twitch.
"Oh, Charlie!” reproached Oinnn.
"What unites you look at him that
wuy? Why don’t you thank him?”
She unbarred the door and stepped
outside.
“For what?" questioned her brother
In a harsh, strained voice.
“Because he is going to be my man-
going to tuke me for his wife."
"Marry >ou? Oinna—you?” The
hnlfbreed could not believe his ears.
Through his daze shot a flash of angry
suspicion “But you—you won’t marry
her!”
Vandervvn smiled In his careless
manner.
"Oh, I guess yes.”
“You’ll marry her? You’ll tnke her
to town and marry her like white
people?"
“l’H marry her as some white
people marry. I’ll not take her to
town. Oinna and I have agreed to be
married according to tribal custom."
Again Redbear’s weak face dark-
ened with suspicion and anger. ”1
won’t have it. You’re white, and Oinna
Is half white. White people don’t
marry Indian fashion.”
“You know a lot about It, Charlie.
Haven't you ever heard of common-law
marriuges? Lots of white people get
married that way.”
"What way?”
“You must know about It Instead
of going to a lot of fuss and bother
over ministers and licenses, many
people just take each other for hus-
band aud wife and go to housekeep-
ing.”
“Is—is that a real white people’s
marriage?" asked Oinna.
Vandervyn frowned. “You don’t
think I’m lying, do you? Why, you
j ofteu see in the newspapers about com-
mon-law wives getting their share of
jll,elr dead husbands’ estates, just the
sume as if they had gone through all
the fuss of weddings. Ask Hardy if
that does not often happen.”
Well, if it's a rea) marriage—”
muttered Redbear.
“Of course it is, Charlie, if he says
so!" cried Oinna rapturously.
Her brother’s face glowed with sud-
den unconcealed exnltance. He stam-
mered almost incoherently: “Then
you—Marie—you don’t marry—don’t
marry Marie.”
“No,” replied Vandervyn, and his
voice rang clear. “I have no Intention
of marrying her.”
"Maybe Marie’ll like me now, when
I tell her you are going to be my
brother," sighed Redbear.
Vandervyn laid a brotherly hand on
his shoulder. “Hold on, boy!” he said.
"You let me manage things. You
know that Marie thinks she likes me.
But now Hardy Is here, and he wants
her. If she hears that I have thrown
her over, she will run off with him.”
“She don’t like him."
"What if she doesn’t! He’s an army
officer. He has money, and when he
goes from here he will wear his uni-
form, all gilt and spangles. You know
how the girls like that. No—I tell
you there’s not the ghost of a show
for you until he Is out of the way. Our
little bluff didn’t work. He says he Is
going to stay. So for a while you and
Oinna must keep still about the mar-
riage. Tomorrow morning you and I
are going into the mountains to talk
with the chiefs. Oinna will go with
me. But it must be understood at the
agency that you have sent her to—
Who could you send her to?”
“Ti-owa-konza is our mother’s fa-
ther. Not even Mr. Dupont knows
that,” said Redbear. “Before he came
here, she ran off with a bad white man
They went to the Blackfeet. After a
time he got an arrow through his bnrk.
My mother came home. Ti-owa-konza
would not see her face. She had to
work for the agent till they made us
go away to school. Then she died.”
“Old Thunderbolt your grandfather?"
remarked Vandervyn, seizing upon that
one fact in the squalid tragedy. “Does
he know it?"
“I told him so today. He said my
face— But maybe he will come to
like me. He said to bring Oinna for
him to look at her.”
‘That’s greatl We’ll tell it to every-
body. But remember, not a word about
the marriage until after we get rid of
Hardy and I am agent. Then things
will go all right for all of us. You
8avyy Charlie? While you rub %gk
down the mare I’ll go in and say good- ' ’ & ’
by until tomorrow morning.”
to scratch his lieud.
"You und Mr. Van burned n lot of
coal oil last night. He didn’t git far
enough ulong to ask you to hitch up
with him, did he?’’
A red blush flamed in the girl’s
cheeks. Without looking up, she mur-
mured a regretful "No.”
“Guess he figures he’ll wait and see
if Hurdy is going to bust us up. Like
us not he’ll skip back east If Hardy
gits sore and chokes off our hold on
the mine.”
"What do you mean? He’d send
Reggie away. The stiff, solemn old
fogy—I hate him!”
“Easy, easy, girl!’’ soothed Dupont
“No use plunging when you’re hitched
to the snubbing post. Just now he’s
got us roped. He’ll have us all hog-
tied if we go to bucking. We've got
to mnke him think we're gentled.”
“What if we act toward him as we
feel?”
"You don’t savvy nbout that mine.
Me and Nogen discovered It and paid
honest for developing it, as you know.
Well, we let Mr. Van in on It Then
Nogen up and gits killed. That makes
It half and half between me and Mr.
Vun, according to all that’s fair and
square. But do you believe Hardy will
look at it that way? Not by a—con-
siderable. He’ll talk about It being the
tribe’s, Just because it’s on the reser-
vation."
"I see!” The girl’s eyes flashed, nnd
her nostrils dilated. "He will rob you
and Reggie of a fortune—yet you wish
me to be nice to him!”
“You bet I do! Can’t you git the
point? He ain’t going to be bluffed
Into quitting. That means we got to
make friends with him or lose the
mine.”
“Oh! So that is It?”
“Yep. Worst of It is he’s one of
them there fellows what stand so-
straight they lean backwards. We
talked to him about how It would help
the tribe if he joined us In opening the
mine. He was mighty offish. Guess
we’ll have to give him Nogen’s third to
get him into our camp.”
"What a shame! The mine Is *ours
and Reggie’s. He hasn't done a thing
toward developing it.”
“I know. But he’s the agent. He's
got us roped. He can rob us of our
mine if we don’t make friends with
him. Now do you savvy?”
The girl’s thick black eyebrows met
in a frown of vexation. “If he is a
man whose friendship must be bought.
I do not wish to be pleasant to him.’”'
“It’s business, Marie. There ain’t
no two ways about 1L Mr. Van’s hang-
ing fire, a-waiting to see if we lose
the mine. If we do, he can’t afford to
marry no poor girl off a reservation.”
Very welL I shall make myself
agreeable to Captain Hardy. But wait
until I am free to pa^ him out for It!”
“Nom d’un chien!” muttered Dupont
at sight of her straightened lips.
‘‘That’s the Injun in yon. Don’t let
him see you look that way till after
we git the mine cinched.”
“I am not a fool, mon pere."
Dupont shook his grizzled head du-
biously.
But at midday, when Hardy came
over for the noon dinner, Marie re-
ceived his courteous greeting with a
graciousness that soon lightened the
pensive severity of his look. Before
the end of the meal they were chatting
in a manner that brought a twinkle
into Dupont’s cunning eyes.
The girl proposed a ride up the val-
ley. Hardy was greatly pleased. He
had already grasped the simple details
of the agency business, and now, pend-
ing the absence of Vandervyn and Red-
bear, had nothing to do except Instruct
the police in his ideas of cleanliness
and discipline.
Marie never looked more charming
than when on a horse. She took her
new friend for a long ride around one
of the mountains. Every cliff and
rock and piney slope was familiar to
CHAPTER VIII.
Best-Laid Schemes.
Hardy hud gone to the Duponts’ for
supper when Vandervyn returned to
the agency. He made a hasty toilet
and followed. Marie met him with
marked coldness. This, however, melt-
ed before he had finished his report to
Hardy. All agreed that the old chief
probably would take a fancy to Oinna,
and that, as a result, there would be
a fair chance of pacifying the tribe.
When Hardy turned to the girl, he
found her nnd Vandervyn exchanging
glances and murmuring remarks. His
habitual gravity, softened to a smile
of wistful sadness. At the first oppor-
tunity he excused himself. Midnight
had passed before the light in the little
citified parlor of the Dupont house was
extinguished.
When, at sunrise, Hardv went for
breakfast, Marie's
£
•.-eCj
eyes were very
---------— “v curtains ms The hnlfbreed wss mpfno tt r aad ^er was pensive. She
hand went up to beckon with a lordly mare up the week hJkS ite Uule' and h*r manner t0WMd Har-
J mare up uM creek hank at a furious dy waa cold and ungracious.
Th«* • Real White People’*
“Marriage?" Asked Oinna.
her. She pointed out all the grandest
and most beautiful views, and showed
herself even better versed in the lore
of the wild than she had seemed to
be posted on the culture and graces
of polite society. After that there was
no break In her friendly manner toward
the captain for several days. Fre-
quently they took other rides, over or
around the nearest hills and moun-
tains.
J Do you believe that Vander- •
• vyn’a deeeitfulnesa with little I
• Oinna will be punished by the •
• Indians—or do you think she will X
• escape harm at his hands? •
• •
••••••••••••■■•a* *
fro BE CONTINUED.) ***
I
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Harding, L. D. Mayes County Republican (Pryor, Okla.), Vol. 10, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 24, 1917, newspaper, May 24, 1917; (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc957045/m1/3/: accessed April 24, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.