The Carter Express. (Carter, Okla.), Vol. 16, No. 20, Ed. 1 Friday, August 8, 1924 Page: 2 of 6
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THE CARTER EXPRESS
lA
Laying and Breeding House
for the Average Farm Flock
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California Plan
ot Cooperation
By WILLIAM A. RADFORD
Mr. William A. Radford will answer
questions and give advice FREE OF
COST on all subjects pertaining to the
subject of building work on Hie farm,
for the readers of this paper. On ac-
count of his wide experience as Editor,
Author and Manufacturer, he is, with-
out doubt, the highest authority on all
these subjects. Address all Inquiries
to William A. Radford, No. 1827
Prairie avenue, Chicago. 111., and only
Inclose two-cent stamp for reply.
Almost do farm la without n flock
of poultry, but there are many farms
where the producers of eggs do not
receive the consideration they deserve,
and as a consequence fall far below
the productivity of which they are ca-
pable.
Here Is a laying and breeding house
for a farm flock which numbers about
75 hens. And the building Is very-
economical, considering the first cost.
The size 1 12 feet by 27 feet, which
will allow four square feet for each
hen when It Is used for the flock of
75. The building is of frame con-
struction on a concrete foundation,
and It has a floor of concrete. The
sloping roof gives the south face a
height suli.clent to accommodate win-
dows and doors which furnish light
and ventilation. At the buck are the
nests and the roosts.
The pitch of the roof Is sufficient
to make It shed water readily ant) the
tight construction Insures warmth In
the winter months. This poultry
ct
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Floor Plan.
house Is altogether suitable for th»
furm flock and will repay the efforti
and expense of building It.
Equipment of Modern
Homes Mostly Built In
Spnce-snvlng Is an all-important
Item In home building nnd to this end
architects and builders have resorted
to the built-in features.
The built-in equipment Is valuable
both from the standpoint of conveni-
ence and from the fact that It requires
the minimum of space for Installation;
also many otherwise unused portions
of the home can be developed Into
useful areas.
The modern kitchen Is much smaller
than the old type; It Is designed and
arranged to reduce the number of
steps necessary to do the work, a high-
ly appreciated advance In labor-saving.
Cabinets which do duty ns Hoth stor-
age nnd work table, so planned as to
penult the cook to reach the materials
without walking back and forth Is the
accepted standard of modern kitchens.
Electric equipment and arrangement
of the wall plugs are also In conform-
ity to the modern Idea of saving In
labor, nnd when properly arranged nnd
In connection with the built-in equip-
ment are a most pleasing addition to
the kitchen.
The breakfast nook or room is prob-
ably the greatest comfort feature to
the home, combining convenience with
great saving in labor, more especially
where there are children. The equip-
ment of this room should he built-in.
sanitary fixtures. Many practical fix-
ture arrangements are featured by
manufacturers specializing In this type
of equipment which are a delight to
every woman who nmnages her home.
The breakfast-room equipment should
be planned so that It cun be easily
cleaned and for this purpose tiled floor
and either tiled or washable walls
should be planned. Tiled floors and
walls, while costing more for Initial
Installation, have practically little or
no maintenance expense and In a short
time more than pay for the added
expense.
Built-in refrigerators are handy, but
In all a recessed space for a standard
type is to be preferred, ns these have
been developed to a much more effi-
cient degree than the type which are
a part of kitchen cabinets and equip-
ment. In planning the kitchen do so
with an eye to reducing the size nnd
to a removal of surplus furniture
which requires moving while the floors
and walls nre being cleaned
In-n-door beds or wall beds are al-
ways acceptable features In every
home and are of convenience not alone
from the standpoint of extra sleeping
accommodations, but from the double
services which the rooms can be put
to. A sewing-room or nursery with
one of these beds can at a moment's
notice be converted to a guest cham-
ber, a very satisfactory arrangement.
Other features, such as mothproof
closets, closet cabinets with drawers
and arrangements for winter or sum-
mer storage are very useful and prac-
tical Items and their Installation cost
Is very minor in comparison with theli
convenience.
Built-in features never can nor wil
displace furniture, und nre not Intendet
for such a purpose; they are, however
valuable In reducing the number ol
pieces of furniture required nnd th«
elimination of many unwieldy and
cumbersome units which must bi
moved to and fro when cleaning.
The built-in equipment In the mod
ern home of today Is so built anc
arranged as to be thoroughly sanitary
and to require the minimum of labot
for cleaning, a condition quick to bt
taken advantage of by housewlve.-
who are insistent upon incorporate
these features In the house plun.
Safety Rules for the Use
of Gas in Any Building
Make sure that lamps, stoves, heut
ers, pipes that burn gas, and theli
connections, are well made, tight and
free from leaks.
When you smell escaping gas, first
open doors and windows, then find the
leak at once.
Never look for a leak with a lighted
match, lamp, candle, or flame of any
kind; use an electric flashlight, if you
have one, otherwise find the leak by
the sense o| smell.
Correct the leak at once, or else shut
off the gas at the meter and send for
a gasfltter. Do not light up in the
house until this has been done.
Never buy cheap rubber gas-tubing.
If you cannot connect with solid-iron
pipes get a good quality of flexibli
metal tubing nnd make sure that It Is
tightly Joined at both ends.
Government Bulletin Shows
How Exchanges Became
Federated.
(Prepared by the United St.te. Department
of Agriculture.)
Widespread Interest In the "Califor-
nia plan” of co-operative marketing
makes especially timely Department
Bulletin 1237, Organization and De-
velopment of a Co-operative Citrus-
Fruit Marketing Agency, Just Issued
by the United States Department of
Agriculture. In 1891, when shipments
were a little more than 4,000 cars,
there was an apparent overproduction
of California citrus fruit. Thirty years
later a crop totnilng more than 50.000
cars was marketed successfully. Bul-
letin 1237 describes the growth of the
system of co-operative marketing that
since 1893 has tuken a leading part in
the development of the California cit-
rus Industry. It outlines, also, the
steps by which local associations and
district exchanges became federated In
the California Fruit Growers' ex-
change.
Historical Account
A brief historical account is present-
ed of the .California citrus industry
since the introduction of orange trees
by the Franciscan monks In 1709. The
conditions causing the practical bank-
ruptcy of the industry In the early
nineties, and the unfortunate alliance
of the exchange with commercial ship-
pers in 1903-04 are other topics dis-
cussed in the historical section of the
bulletin.
Considerable space Is given to a dis-
cussion of the organization and opera-
tion of the local units that make up
the exchange.
"Local co-operative associations ara
the foundation of the exchange sys-
tem," it is stated. “The earliest or-
ganizations of this kind preceded the
Incorporation of the exchange by al-
most three years. They were created
by the members of a community who
considered their marketing problems
as being, first of all, local in char-
acter.”
The organization and functions of
the district exchanges nnd the various
departments of the California Fruit
Growers’ exchange are discussed In
detail.
Other Organizations.
An organization for the purchase of
supplies and two by-products compa-
nies have been established by the fed-
erated associations. These organiza-
tions are not subsidiary to the Califor-
nia Fruit Growers' exchange, but are
units of the exchange system. The
problems lending up to the organiza-
tion of these companies, and the serv-
ices they perform for the members of
the exchange, make up one section of
the bulletin.
Several pages are devoted to a dis-
cussion of the economic services of the
exchange, and the fundamental prin-
ciples upon which the organisation Is
based. The appendix contulns the
original organization' and marketing
plan adopted In 1893, the by-laws of
the exchange and contracts in force
between the growers and their asso-
ciations, the associations and the dis-
trict exchanges nnd the district ex-
changes and the exchange.
Copies of Bulletin 1237 may be had
free upon request to the United States
Department of Agriculture, Washing-
ton, as long us the supply lusts.
PLAN OUTLINED TO PREVENT
STINKING SMUT OF WHEAT
Series of Experiments Car-
ried on in Northwest.
Garage Drain
In building a garage It is very es-
sential that arrangements he made to
carry off the water from washing the
cur or cleaning out the garage. This
is not »o apparent In the summer
months as it is In the winter, where
the surplus wuter swept out of a
garage will freeze and interfere with
the closing of the door. A drain can
be installed at a minimum expense at
the time the concrete Is placed.
Cedar Closet Lining
The advantage of built-in equip-
ment of every kind is so thoroughly ac-
cepted that the universal use of cedar
closets of one kind or another is but
a question of time, particularly In view
of the moderate cost of such mothproof
linings. The cedar has a rather pleas-
ant odor, preserves linens as well
as woolens, and can be used in private
dwellings, hotels and apartments.
Salt Will Clean Chimney
Common salt will clear a chimney
of accumulated soot better than any-
thing else. The salt Is applied after
the fire has ben well started, and be
careful not to do It when the wash Is
on the line.
(Prepared br th» Unlt.d St.te. Department
of Agriculture.)
Bunt, or stinking smut of wheat,
can be entirely prevented by sowing
treated seed before the smut shower,
and can be largely controlled by de-
laying the sowing somewhat, accord-
ing to the results of experimental
studies made by the United States De-
partment of Agriculture. Infection
from smut spores present In the soil
may be partially prevented by treat-
ing the seed with copper sulphate or
with commercial lime-sulphate applied
full strength and allowed to dfy. This
protection Is not afforded by formal-
dehyde. Much of the seed wheat sown
In the semi-arid regions of the United
States is killed by seed treatment,
however, because of the threshing In-
jury to the seed coat.
A series of experiments In the pre-
vention and control of bunt was car-
ried on in the I’acittc Northwest and
the results of these form the basis for
a new bulletin Just issued as Depart-
ment Bulletin 1239, by the United
States Department of Agriculture. Ac-
cording to the findings In these studies
wind dissemination Is the most Impor-
tant factor In the continued occur-
rence and spread of bunt in that re-
gion, where the biennial crop system
Is practiced.
In moist soil, bunt spores were
found to lose their viability In 30 to
60 days, but In the dry air of the lab-
oratory they retain their germinating
power for 12 years or longer. Bunt
spores In unbroken smut balls retain
their viability throughout the winter
months, nnd are capnblo of producing
Killing Out Bluegrass
Cultivating nlfulfa after the second
crop Is taken off In order to kill blue-
grass will be found the most satisfac-
tory practice. At this time the soil Is
apt to be dry nnd It Is ensler to kill
the bluegrass. Cultivation comes at a
time when It will be a big help In
conserving soil moisture. Some farm-
ers cultivate their alfalfa fields early
In the spring, using a disk or a har-
row, nnd follow each cutting by a cul-
tivation. Often this Is necessary If
the bluegruss Is not killed out by the
spring cultivation.
Danger in Feeding Colt
In feeding a colt there is nlwsys
danger that the colt may either get to
scouring or become constipated. It Is
the purpose of lime water to prevent
the scouring, and If the colt seems to
become constipated, It should be given
two tablespoonfuls of sweet oil twice
or three times a day, for a day or two,
until It seems to be benefited by the
oil. Such a colt should be taught to
eat grain and hay by the time It Is
three weeks old.
Infection even nfter being subjected
to alternate thnwlng and freezing.
Spores hnve germinated nnd produced
Infection after lying one and one-half
years In the soil.
A copy of this bulletin may be se-
cured, as long as the supply lusts,
from the United States Department of
Agriculture. Washington.
farmHinv:
MOTHER!
Clean Child's Bowels
“California Fig Syrup" is
Dependable Laxative for
Sick Children
Mow the pastures to kill weeds.
• • •
Now is the time not to forget Inst
year’s mistakes.
• • •
A weed pulled tn time muy save
nine times nine.
• • •
Plant a rust-resistant variety of
beans for fall crop.
• * •
Not more products at any cost but
better products at less cost.
• • S
Mako sure you have forage enough
planted to supply hay for next year.
...
If your labor cost Is too high, use
“Iron men"—farm machines—to work
for you.
• • >
Some fnrmers work on well-planned
estimates and others on careless guess-
timates.
• • S
Itye hay does not make a satisfac-
tory hay for horseB nnd mules when
fed alone and it Is not recommended
to use it when other hay Is nvnlinbi*
it Is not equal to mowed oats.
« . «
Unless pastures are Improved and
made to return larger volumes of
feed they will slowly give wuy to
crops.
...
Keep the barns clean and free from
mnnurc to keep the house fly under
control and to get the best returns
from the manure on the soli.
• • •
Uncle Ab says that at least two
lives are gladdened whenever someone
Is a bit more generous nnd more kind
than Is necessary.
• * •
Separate the cockerels early, and sell
for broilers those which nre not to be
kept. The early broiler catches tbe
price.
• • •
If laying hens are kept indoors dur-
ing the forenoon on rainy days, there
will be few dirty and muddy eggs In
tbe nests.
• • •
Nine years of continuous teats In
Ohio resulted In the production of
four bushels more of corn per acre for
the fields that were given shallow
cultivation than from the fields which
were cultivated four Inches deep.
Hurry, Mother! Even a fretful, fe-
verish, bilious on constipated child
loves the pleasant taste of "California
Fig Syrup" and It never falls to sweet-
en the stomach and open the bowels.
A teaspoonful today may prevent a
sick child tomorrow. It doesn’t cramp
or overact. Contains no narcotics ot
soothing drugs.
Ask your druggist for genuine “Cal-
ifornia Fig Syrup" which has direc-
tions for babies and children of all
ages printed on the bottle. Mother!
You must say “California" or you
may get an Imitation fig syrup.
Use for Locusts
Dreaded for generations as a seri-
ous plngue, the swarms of locusts that
sweep South Africa annually are now
being looked upon by at least one In-
dustry as an asseL A factory has
been established at Johannesburg to
usu locusts In the manufacture of con-
centrated cattle nnd poultry feeds.
The raw materia! is almost Inexhaust-
ible nnd a large output is possible.
jakltat:
St .Joseph’s
LIVER REGULATOR
ftr BLOOD-LIVER-KIDNEYS
9?ieBIG35*CAN
CuticuraTalcum
b Soothing
For Baby’s Skin
Soap, Ointment* Talcum sold everywhere.
i Tomorrow
Alright
■A A vegetable
aperient, adde
tone and vigor to
the digestive end
eliminative system.
Improves the appe-
tite, relieves Sick
Headache end Bil-
iousness, eorrecte
Constipation.
jw.
Oji-ars
Chips off the Old Block
m JUNIORS—Uttt* Ms
One-third the regular dose. Mad*
of tam* ingredients, then candy
coated. For children and adults.
mm SOLO BY YOUS DRUGGIST*
WINES and brendles prohibited. Our plan!
bow manufacturing nonalcoholic •ubetilulee.
peat drink, of ec>, abaolutely legal IT doa
,11 Whirlwind seller. Jobber, hrtd. Am«r.
Cordial C*. 1T«I Sprint. Lo. Anselaa, Cal
V.I 1.
♦ V-
4
s :
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Cain, George W. The Carter Express. (Carter, Okla.), Vol. 16, No. 20, Ed. 1 Friday, August 8, 1924, newspaper, August 8, 1924; (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc956596/m1/2/: accessed April 17, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.