OKLAHOMA FARMER, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1906.
j Section .Director Slaughter's
% Weather Bureau Report
J. P. Slaughter, section director United
States weather bureau, Oklahoma City,
in the second bi-ennial report of the Ok-
lahoma board of agriculture, has the fol-
lowing:
The now state of Oklahoma stretches
southward from the 37th degree of north
latitude to the Red river, which stream
forms Its southern boundary. It lies be-
tween 94 degrees and 28 minutes and 100
degrees west longitude, except that Bea-
ver county, in the extreme northwest, ex-
tends westward to the 103rd degree of
west longitude.
The land rises in elevation from about
500 feet above sea level along the south-
east border, to nearly 4,000 feet in ex-
treme nortliwestern Beaver county.
The major portion of the country is a
rolling prairie. Portions of the Cherokee,
Choctaw and Chickasaw nations and
parts of Comanche, Kiowa and Greer
counties are broken and mountainous.
The remainder of the area is prairie
lands and broad river botoms, only occa-
sionally broken by hills. The Arkansas,
Canadian and Red rivers, with their trib-
utaries, the Cimarron, North Canadian
and Washita, extend in a general north-
west to southeast direction through the
entire breadth of the state. The country,
except in the extreme west portion in
well watered by these streams and their
numerous branches. The fall of the land
is sufficient to give efficient drainage, and
except in extreme cases, the surface wa-
ters, resulting from the very heavy rains
that occasionally occur, are carried off
without floods or damage of other char-
acter to the country. The soil is a rich
red clay or sandstone decomposition, usu-
ally with a surface covering of black allu-
vial deposits, and is highly productive. It
is of such depth and of such composition
that it is practically inexhaustible.
Country for Variety.
The geographical location, the elevation,
together with its diversity of climate, are
such that there are but few sections of
the United States where such a varley of
crops can be successfully grown. Indeed,
the variety is so great, produced success-
fully under such differing climatic condi-
tions, that it is practically impossible to
have a general failure of crops during
any season. Wheat, corn, oats, barley,
rye, cotton, cane, broom corn, kaflr corn,
millet, and cultivated grasses, Irish and
sweet potatoes, vegetables of all kinds,
large and small fruits are extensively and
successfully grown and yield handsome
returns to the agriculturists and horti-
culturists. Stock raising is an important
and profitable industry, more especially
in the "nations" and in the western coun-
ties. Wheat has been the principal crop
since the opening of the country and the
yield per acre has been almost uniformly
excellent. The acreage of Indian corn
has been increasing yearly and the re-
sults to the husbandman have been highly
satisfactory. Cotton is extensively culti-
vated; the climate has been found to bo
exceptionally well adapted to Its produc-
tion, and neither the yield per acre nor
the quality is surpassed in this country.
Long Growing Season.
The growing season in Oklahoma ex-
tends from March 1st to October 31st;
within this period practically all crops
are planted, cultivated, matured and har-
vested. There are two exceptions, wheat
and cotton.
The former is seeded in the fall; ample
rains and moderate temperatures cause it
to germinate quickly and the plant at-
tains sufficient growth to afford excellent
pasturage for stock during the winter.
The winters are mild and the plant does
not need the protection of a covering of
snow. With the warm rains and mild
temperatures of the spring months, the
plant makes rapid growth and is matured
and harvested in June. The record yeans
for wheat production were 1892, 1894, 1897,
1901, and 1903. There has been but one
wheat failure since the opening of tha
country, the year 1893.
Cotton is planted in April and the first
half of May; moderate temperatures and
frequent showers in May and June, fol-
lowed by hot weather and occasional
rains in July and August cause rapid
growth and early maturity of the plant;
continued warm weather in September
and early October matures the top crops.
Picking begins about September 1st, and
continues through the fall ifnd well Into
the winter months.
Oats, Indian, kafir and broom corn and
minor crops are planted March, April and
early May; average temp<t ature and pre-
cipitation bring the several crops to ma-
turity with good results. Fruits are rarely
injured by late frosts, and together with
vegetables, almost invariably give good
results.
Climate is the Best.
Oklahoma climate, from the agricultur-
ist's and horticulturist's point of view, is
all that could be desired. The normal
temperatures are just right for the
growth of the staple crops; the winters
are mild and open, and preparations for
the spring planting can be carried on
throughout December, January and Feb-
ruary, with only an occasional interrup-
tion of a day or so on account of inclem-
ent weather. Severe cold waves of the
winter season and hot; driving winds of
summer, are of very infrequent occurence.
The greater portion of the state has
ample rainfall for the production of all
kinds of crops. The rainfall is well dis-
tributed through the growing season. In
the extreme wesfern counties, the spring
rains are usually sufficient to mature good
yields of wheat. In the southwestern
counties, excellent results are being ob-
tained in the growing of cotton; in fact,
exceptionally heavy per acre yields have
been secured in that section.
The average annual temperature '3
highest in the southeast border counties
and decreases slightly towards the north
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FROM GIRLHOOD TO WOMANHOOD
Mothers Should Watch the Development of Their Daughters-
Interesting Experiences of Misses Borman and Mills.
MYRTLE M/ILS
MATILDA
BO K MAN
Every mother possesses information
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Girls' over-sensitiveness and modesty
often puzzle their mothers and baffle
physicians, as they so often withhold
their confidence from their mothers
and conceal the symptoms which ought
to be told to their physician at this
critical period.
When a girl's thoughts become slug-
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Miss Mills has written the two fol-
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Dear Mrs. Pinkham:— (First Letter.)
"I am but fifteen years of age, am depressed,
ache, and as I have heard that you can give
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Myrtle Mills, Oquawka, 111.
Miss Matilda Borman writer Mr*.
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Dear Mrs. Pinkham:—
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and west. The mean annual temperature
in the southern Choctaw and Chickasaw
nations is between 62 and 63 degrees,
while in the northwestern tier of counties
it is between 58 and 59 degrees, except
that In extreme western Beaver county,
the average mean falls to 55 degrees.
Considering the state as a whole, the
mean annual temperature is 59.8 degrees;
the highest annual mean was 62.0 degrees
in 1896, and the lowest, 58.6 degrees, In
1903. The highest temperature recorded
during the last fourteen years was 116
degrees, and occurred at Wagoner, I. T..
on July 16, 1901, and at Busch, Ok., on
July 24, 1903. The lowest temperature of
which there is record was 27 degrees be-
low zero; it occurred at Vinita, I. T., on
February 13, 1905. The extreme maxi-
mum temperatures for the year are usu-
ally between 100 and 110 degrees, while
the lowest winter temperatures are, as a
rule, between zero and 10 degrees below.
August is the warmest month with a nor-
mal mean temperature of 80.9 degrees.
The coldest month is January, with an
average mean of 36.0 degrees. The mean
winter seasonal temperature Is 37.8 de-
grees; the highest winter mean was 41.4
degrees in 1895-6; the lowest, 32.5 in 1904-
1905. The mean spring seasonal temper-
ature is 60.0 degrees; the highest spring
mean was 62.8 dogrees In 1896, and the
lowest 57.8 degrees In 1906. The mean
summer seasonal temperature Is 79.3 de-
grees; the highest summer mean was 82.5
dogrees In 1901, and the lowest 77.4 de-
grees in 1903. The mean autumn seasonal
temperature is 61.9 degrees; the highest
autumn mean was 63.9 degrees in 1899;
the lowest, 59.6 degrees, in 1903.
A Section for Rainfall.
There are but four states In the union,
Texas, California, Oregon and Washing-
ton, that have within their borders as
large range of annual rainfall as has the
new state of Oklahoma. The ^..uctaw
nation, in the southeast corner of the
state, has an average or normal rainfall
of between 40 and 45 inches. The pre-
cipitation decreases steadily towards the
northwest, till In western Beaver county
we ilnd a normal rainfall of barely 15
inches. The south Atlantic and Gulf states
comprsing the cotton belt, have an an-
nual rainfall of 45 to 65 inches; Illinois
and Iowa, the great corn states, have
between 30 and 35 Inches; Minesota and
the Dakotas, the principal wheat growing
states, have 20 to 30 Inches. Colorado
and Utah, semi-arid, stock raising states,
in which agriculture Is successfully pur-
sueft only with the aid of irrigation, have
12 to 20 inches of rainfall annually. It
will be noted that, no far as rainfall is
concerned, Oklahoma presents the char
acteristics and possesses the climatic ad-
vantages of all of tfie above mentioned
Continued oa page 10)