The Chickasha Daily Express. (Chickasha, Indian Terr.), Vol. 1, No. 299, Ed. 1 Friday, December 7, 1900 Page: 3 of 8
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1
S
IN TJIE PHILIPPINES.
?lSOLDIErt IN THE ARCHIPELAGO
WRITES HOME.
How Fighter MiM-nil Time Gel
Oulikly and Lima Liberty I Allovrril
Food M.iilllu'. iillU ut Tula
In "I.ntlcr to Mother."
uuujes a. uopa a sergeant or voi-
V..i l-ers now serving in the Philip-
vi )pines liiis written a li tter homo to his
)tiiot htr telling of the manner in which
soldiers puss their time in the Philip-
pines says the Chicago Daily News.
After having served nine months In
jthe Spanish-American war Sergeant
.y Jluye enlisted August 1 lSy9 and ar
rived in the inlands October 1. Up to
latit January he was orderly to General
Young. Jle had seen five battles with
the insurgents and had received two
promotions. The letter In part I us
follows:
"We get paid every two months and
the men generally lose or spend their
money In the first two weeks and the
rest of the time they play dire for but-
tons matches or cigarettes (they are
twenty-nine for 2 cents). When these
are gone they read or sleep all day
long the latter the most. It Is very
tiresome here as we are not allowed
to fco to the natives' shacks or even
SERGEANT MOPE.
Jo ttffe 'market which only lasts three
hours In the morning and two hours In
the evening as there Is smallpox here.
A number of the colored men have It
and one man In my squad has It too
but not bad ns he will be all right for
duty pretty soon. We are to stay in
the quarters ns they expect an attack
at any time but we have been still
closer to the natives and there seemed
to be no danger. We have not had
any rain for ten or twelve days but
ttfero Is a typhoon blowing which
keeps us busy along "the line.
"A few men started from a town
thirty miles north of here to go thlrty-
v eight miles farther north In a boat
but they were glad to land five miles
oi'th of here being blown thirty-five
miles in the wrong direction. I must
etop now as I am on guard and the
rain la coming through the roof. It
rains about twenty minutes and 'stops
for fifteen minutes and eo on for a
few days t'len stops for ten dys then
rains for fifteen days. The rain has
not started yet. but will soon and last
for ten or twenty days and that wiil
be all. I'p In the mountains It rains
about all the time. It makes the rivers
very bad to cross. Out of one wason
lra!n two soldiers one driver and one
mule were lost. Three neatly got out;
if it had not been for the daring wagon
master things would have been worse.
He almost lost his own life.
"The people live on what the water
1 y
1 """""v -"AVs.
HON. JOHN ALLEN.
Jj7
9 ;1 i
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It (L v
.St:
During only one more session of Con-
gress will Privates John Allen Of Mls-
sissippl entertain his colieasucs with
1 cloak-room stories. The man who has
cracked more jokes In the .house than
any other statesman living or dead lias
tired of public life and refused to ac-
cept another nomination.
Allen la a MlHsLislpplan by birth and
Is E3 years old. Ho left school at tho
age of 14 to become a private n the
Confederate army and he served In
"v.!the ranks until the war closed. Then
$t fitudlod law and at the age of 23
began to practice i' profession In
and trees glv. Nothing grows to full
size here. The natives grow rice and
a little corn and cane to make sugar
and a few sweet potatoes. Rice is their
main food. Their meals consist of
boiled rice boiled fish not cleaned
and boiled leaves. When a caribou (or
hor.;e) or cow dies the cut It up. The
men get 20 cents Mexican or 10 cents
a day for their work and they will
give 3 ptsus or $1.50 for the hide
head feet and emails of a cow. They
pick wild cotton "to make their clothes.
When they wash them they sit down
In a stream of water and lay the
clothes on a rock and beat them with
a piece of wood engraved and weighing
about five pounds. A servant girl gets
1 pwio or 50 cents a month and
works about all the time.
"That order about some of us going
to China is countermanded. The Third
cavalry Is expected to go on a three
mouths' campaign with General Young
soon. We are under a volunteer colonel
of a negro regiment now. Our eap-
taln'B name Is Johnson and lieuten-
ant's name is Barton. I will try and
get Agulnahlo's march for you.
"There Is not much fruit such as w
get In the states here. There are dif-
ferent kinds of fruits but they all have
funny tastes."
PRIMITIVE AGRICULTURE.
Cve-Iwrller la the Hills or China.
Although the vast mobs which infest
reklu and the large cities of China
are worked up to a state of frenzy and
fanaticism the great Chinese popula-
tion proper Is agricultural and natur-
ally extremely peaceful. Agriculture
however. Is niofct primitive and the
wonder is how such an Immense popu-
lation oan he supported from the soil
until the great economy practiced In
ail things is understood. On the great
plain of China every available foot of
land Is utilized for growing something
and every particle of fertility returned
to the soil. Waters are uwil for irri-
gation and In m:tny cases laboriously
distributed over the fields. The great
plain is a!out 700 miieg in length and
varies from 200 to 400 miles in width
occupying tho northeastern part of the
empire and containing over 200000
square mile of wonderfully fertile
soil. It supports a population of not
less than 177000000 human beings
making It the most densely settled of
any part of the world of the same size
its Inhabitants amounting to nearly
two-thirds of the entire population of
Europe. A wonderful feature of the
physical geography of China Is the ex-
istence of a vant region of loess In this
portion of the empire. Loess Is a
very solid but friable earth brownish
yellow In color and Is found In many
places from SoO to 1.000 feet deep. The
Ioe4 hills rise In terraces from twen-
ty to several hundred feet lu height.
The loess region of Chiua Is perhaps
the most broken country In the world
with Its sheer cliffs and upright wall
terraces and drop-cut ravine. Owing
to the ea.se with which it can be work-
ed caves made at the bases of straight
cliffs afford homes to millions of peo-
ple in tho densely populated northern
provinces. Whole villages flutter to-
gether in carvrd-out chambers some
of which extend back more than 200
feet. The capabilities of defense in
a country such as this while an invad-
ing army must necessarily become lost
arid absolutely bewildered In the tan-
gle of Interlacing ways and where the
defenders may always remain conceal-
ed or have Innumerable means of es-
cape is peculiarly (igniflcant of this
time when consideration is being giv-
en to a conquest of China.
Tupelo Miss. He served a term as dis-
trict attorney before being elocted to
congress in 1SS4. During ke' eight
terms that he has served la the house
of representatives he established more
friendships probably than any other
man In public life. His wit was his
most prominent characteristic. In his
first speech .Allen told funny stories
and his colleagues came to look for
something amusing when ho took the
floor. Allen says his humorous tales
were detrimental to his reputation -s
a etateemnn. No one womlu take him
seriously.
(
f
The Shorthorn as Dairy Cow.
(Condensed from Farmers' Review
StenuBiai'loe Kepurt of Missouri Dairy-
men's Cunventiuii.)
J. I Erwin spoke on the Shorthorn
as a dairy cow. In part he Baid: l-'or
twenty-five years I have been using
nothing but pure bred bulls on my
cows but the cows have been gradea.
The Shorthorn Is the only one of the
beef breeds that sometimes contains
very good milkers. A little while ago
I had a conversation with a man who
ships beef cattlo to the Chicago mar-
ket and he Eald that be would take
the Shorthorn every time. About one
out of three of the heifer calves will
prove worth keeping as milkers. This
being the case 83 1-3 per cent or five
out of every six of the calves pro-
duced must go to the feeder. The
value of five calves from each herd
of well-kept Shorthorn cows will be
bout $100 while the same number of
:alves from a milking breed will not
be worth more than about 33. The
cream from Shorthorn milk does not
separate quite so readily as does the
cream from milk given by Jersey
cows If the gravity process or old-
style process Is used but when the
separator Is used there does not seem
to be any difference. The Shorthorn
cow Is safer than the cow of any oth-
er breed when tho women have to do
the milking. With the Jersey you
liave to look out for the bull. The
dairymen of Missouri are more or less
isolated but if they want to start a
trial creamery tho Shorthorn cows are
the best for If they afterwards want
to get rid of them they can be sold to
advantage for beef.
Mr. Patterson We dairymen claim
that we can make a special dairy cow
give 200 pounds of butter per year
but you can't make your Shorthorr
cows give more than 200 pounds cf
butter. That 100 extra pounds of but-
ter will more than offset the decreased
value of the dairy cow In other re-
spects. ......
Mr. King This Is generally consid
ered to be a question of dollars and
cents. If my friend can produce his
200 pounds of butter fat from hi?
Shorthorn cow and make more money
than he could with a special dairy
cow why- that Is the cow to have
But he does cot say anything abou'.
the cost of producing this butter. The
probability Is that every pound of but-
ter he made from this Shorthorn cow
cost about as much as be got for it.
I have tried It with that kind of cow
and when I tested them with the
scales and the Babcock test these
cows went out i the doors as fast as
I could get rid of them. I can't make
money from the general purpose cow.
I have fed them in the stalls and
made butter from thera that cost me
17 centa per pound while butter from
my Jersey cowa cost me 11 cents per
pound. We can't tell what ve are do-
ing till we have the cost and selling
price of & pound of butter. We are
not dairying for the fun. of it
Q. Why is the dairy cow more prof-
itable than the general purpose cow
for the dairy?
Mr. King Because she Is born for
that rmrpose. I do not believe that
the ceueral purpose cow has any place
whatever. That has been my experi-
ence. Mr. Erwln The Jersey cow that
took the first premium at St. Louis
was fed five times a day. For the last
four years I have been feeding ani-
mals for beef purposes and I have
found that there was less feed con-
sumed per pound cf beef produced by
the beef cow than 'the dairy cow.
Mr. King Our Jersey cows will not
average over SOO piunds in. weight
while our Shorthorn cows will aver-
age 1000 pounds. That extra 200
poundi of weight must be supported
and kept up. Will It pay me to sup-
port tho average weight of a man fo'
fifteen years for the extra amount 1
can get out of her beef? I can't af-
ford to do It. When my Jersey cows
get too old to pay me to keep them
for milking purposes I sell them for
what I can get If it is only the price
of the hide. My loss that way is only
a small Item compared with what It
would be If I were to keep 200 extra
pounds of live beef for fifteen years.
Mr. Cobb This myth (the general
purpose cow) is the hardest thing to
fight I find In my business. If I could
only get that cow in the background
so far that she would never come back
again my business would be compara-
tively easy. Mr. King said that the
average Shorthorn cow weighs 200
pounds more than the other but as
she grows older she will put on more
beef (from 200 to 300 pounds more)
and that will make her weigh from 400
to 500 pounds more than the Jersey
cow. If the dairyman takes a good
dairy cow sli will make a profit on
all food consumed. The fat-forming
habit has been bred Into the beef cow
for generations. I would not for a
moment think of putting In a herd
of general purpose cows. I have felt
for year3 and years that the subject
of the general purpose cows should be
dropped. It seems to me that qny
student of dairying should drcp the
thing after Investigation. For beef
raising the Snorthorn cow Is the spe-
cial purpose beef cow.
Mr. Brooks I have a herd of grade
Jerseys and for the 'Tast year they
have averaged more than 300 pounds
of butter per cow and I have sold
nearly all of that butter nt 20 cents
per pound. I know what that cost In
feed: It is costing me about 7 cents
per cow per day. The whole herd
costs me $11.30 per week. Last
week they made 123 pounds of butter
and It Bold for $23.75. The skimmilk
was fed to tho pigs and calves and
was worth BO centa per day. That
added $3.50 to the $23.50 making $27.25
In all. Deduct the cost cf keeping
and we have $10 as the profit for the
week. Can you Shorthorn breeder!
show us any rjch figures when Short-
horn cows are usea as dairy animals?
Mr. Erwin The cow that makes
butter doe3 not lay tho fat on herself
of whatever breed she may be. I once
kept au accurate record cf every pound
of milk that my herd produced and
of the amount of butter made and of
the amount bold. There was no effort
made to save any paiticulai part of
the milk for butt'-r. For the year I
got 270 pounds to the cow and was
using the grade Shorthorn cow at
that.
Mr. Brooks The experiment' sta-
tion In New York made experiments
feeding food without fat and the cows
still made butter as usual. Where did
that fat come from?
A Farmer I used to breed the
Shorthorn cows and was afraid of the
Jerseys. But I finally went to a Jer-
sey breeder and got me a first-class
Jersey bull and began to breed in that
direction and I have kept at It ever
since. I am well pleased with the re-
sults. We must let go of the beef
breeds for dairying.
Mr. Sellers I think It Is hard to
divest our minds of all prejudice In
judging of the case in hand. Nature
seems to have ordered that in every
breed there should be certain strains
for certain purposes; in dogs we find
the same thing; we get a greyhound
for speed a bulldog for protection.
If I want a butter cow I get the Jer-
sey. Mr. Wentworth There are good an-
imals In all breeds and there are also
many scrubs. There are as many of
the latter as of the good ones. There
is scarcely one in three that is worth
keeping.
Corn Smnt.
Prof. Plumb in his work on Corn
Culture says: Smut as seen by tho
farmer is either a distorted greenish-
white piece of vegetable tissue or a
mass of black greasy powder which
generally appear.' breaking out from
an ear of corn or from the leaf or
stalk when green or succulent. The
source is a simpie tubular minute
plant too small to be seen by the nak-
ed eye. It grows in the tissues of the
corn plant and feeds upon ita Juice.
These little plants of which there are
vast numbers branch out in tubular
form when they find a spot in the corn
plant that is especially nourishing.
Then Inside these tubes minute bodies
Smut brrtfclnc out on an far sf cervV
termed spores (seeds) develop and
finally the spot becomes a mass of
these and then all of the little plants
except the spores wither away. The
dark colored loose smut. Is mostly
the mass of spores of which there are
countless numbers.
Smut is generally thought by farm-
ers to be injurious to stock yet but
little satisfactory evidence is at hand
to prove that' such Is the case as it
is commonly eaten. .
Preparing the Hoof for the Shoe.
Preparing the hoof for the shoe is
a very nice" piece of work and but
very few men are qualified to do it.
H. D. Blckeslee says: I am convinced
that much more depends on the proper
leveling of the foot than upon the
form of shoe. My conception of a
level foot Is to dress the hoof so that
the bottom will be absolutely square
with the plumb line of the leg. When
this Is accurately done the shoe per-
fectly level and the nails not too
large properly driven there remains
very little occasion for any but a
plain ordinary shoe of proper weight
for the subject being shod. Another
important point in this connection is
placing the shoe on the foot so that
the center of'the former that is a
line drawn from the center of the
heels of shoe to the center of toe there-
ofshall plumb line of the leg. This
may at times cause one side of the
hoof to be taeped off more on one side
than on the other but if skillfully
done the foot can be induced to grow
to this normal position. I am now
treating two very bad quarter cracks
exactly on there lines with an ordi-
nary shoe with marked success per-
mitting the shoe to rest on all parts
of the wall alike.
Tropn Not to Turn I'nOrr.
There are a few crops that pay well
if turned under and a good many that
it does not pay to turn under. Among
the latter are such crops as rape.
Every once in awhile sme person
asks the value of this for a green ma-
nure. It Is practically nothing. Tho
reason is that it adds nothing to the
soil for it has .iiuilt Itself up entirely
from the soil. As a general proposi-
tion we should turn under only those
plants that have gained something
from the air and those plants are the
legumes. Fortunately the number of
the legumes Is large and some of them
will do well on most any soil. If we
can't grow one o! the clovers we may
yet be able to grow cow peas or soja
beans or even the eand vetch. Wa
have even seen the ground sown to
white beans and the Crop turned un-
der when the growth had become rank
fJfg
Mia
n t
Wintering Horses.
There can we think be no question
that from all Indications the demand
for good horses is going to keep up
and in spring they will sell for at least
as much as they did last season. This
being tho ct.se it will be well to see
that the youug stock have the bait of
care the coming winter so that when
they are ready for market they will be
In good condition. There is an old
foolish practice of starving colts on
some farms and where this i3 the cus-
tom we expect to see the grain har-
vester "wintering" in the field where
It finished work iif Harvest time and
in close proximity to the mower mired
down in the edge of the slough where
the thatch grass was cut to top out
the stacks. Now if there be one time
more than another when it pays t
feed the young colts it is in the cold
weather for not only are the colts
growing at this time of year or ought
to be growing but they are using
food in the production of heat and
heavy coat. Both of these are neces-
sary for the comfort of the colt but
they do not put cash in the pocket
of the owner. If shelter will prevent
the loss of food that is expended in
the production of heat that is a Baving
and there Is also a saving of the same
sort In having the drinking water
above the freezing point so that food
Is not needed to elevate water to the
body temperature within the body of
the colt. The colt went Into winter
quarters In fairly good condition but
unless he be properly sheltered the
condition will be all lost and no new
growth be made when spring comes.
Where this happens there is a loss of
the results of feeding the colt one sum-
mer and the added cost of the amount
of food he consumes to keep him alive
during the winter. If on the other hand
he be supplied with more than the
food of maintenance during winter he
will gave the nesn produced during
summer and add enough in growth to
pay for the food consumed In winter.
From this It wiu be seen that there
is a double profit in winter feeding
for it will ensure gain in growth and
at the same time prevent loss of
growth already made. The feeding we
refer to Is not a fancy affair. It does
not require much time or thought of
the farmer. It requires in our opinion
no great knowledge of "nutritive
ratios" and all that sort of thing; it
merely necessitates the provision of an
abundance of wholesome food in a
place where there will be no exposure
to the cold spells that sap the heat of
the body and chill the life out of the
shivering animal. Depend upon it that
the stomach of the well sheltered colt
is the best equipped chemical labora-
tory for the elaboration of "ratios."
The Creator provided cereals for the
proper development and maintenance
of animals and if they have enough
of it there is little likelihood that they
will not mix it In profitable ratios.
The chief lacking ratio on most farms
is a want of supply of a sufficient va-
riety of food for the colt to pick over
and fill himself on until his needs In
the way of a ratio are satisfied. He
will find all he needs If he is given a
chance to fill up on sound hay bright
corn fodder oats bran corn and car-
rots all of which need not be sup-
piled at the same time. As to the
amount he should eat of these things
there is no question that he will pay
a good profit on all he cleans up if
he is sheltered kept free from lice
and worms and has not to drink Ice
cold water or water that is tainted
with sewage or other filth. There is
no need of a sermon on this subject for
common sense will tell any man who
stops to think that what has been said
above Is correct and that the truth
of the feeding problem as regards colts
and other growing animals in winter
time is to feed them all they will
clean up of good food of the common
farm varieties in a sheltered place
where they are kept from conditions
that would waste food in retarding
growth. If this be done the colts will
come out in spring ready to sell when
an occasion offers or to go out on grass
and continue growing at a profitable
rate.
Swine Itvmt.
Hogs are said to be scarcer than
usual in the neghborhood of Benville
Ind.
A Plainvlew Minn. correspond re-
ports considerable cholera among hogs
In that locality.
Hogs in Charlton county. Mo. are
reported healthy but scarcer than for
several years; but few will be market-
ed before January.
It Is reported that Cudahy packing
company has signed a contract by
which it agrees to control and operate
tho old Whittaker packing plant at
Wichita Kan. The packing of hogs
will be commenced as soon as the
building can be placed In proper con-
dition. The number of pigs kept by the col-
liers and artisans of the north of Eng-
land fluctuates with the price of coal
and yard. In good times every collier
keeps a lively animal of some sort but
his "fancy animal" Is usually a pig.
He admires this on Sunday after-
noons and groups of friends go round
to smoke their pipes and compare pigs
and bet on their ultimate weight. They
have private pig shows w.ith subscrip-
tion prizes. Each animal Is judged in
its own 'sty and it Is interesting to
know that the evolution of an almost
perfect pig was due to 'the Innate
sagacity of the Yorkshire pit hand.
Dairy Notre.
We call the attention' of our read-
ers to the fact that the d-te of the
Missouri dairymen's convention ( is
changed from Dec. 18 to 20 to pec.
29 to 22. The mee.lng as announced
In former Issue Is to be held at
Kansas City. The change has been
made to accommodate the visitors to
the Nebraska dairyman's association
meeting. The latter meeting falls on
tho date previously announced for the
convention in Missouri but it can-
not be changed as it Is fixed by law.
The Jlissourl dairymen have therefore
graciously made the change.
The creamery is a good thing for
farmers where it can be successfully
carried on. Cf course the success de-
pends on a good many email things
and primarily on brains. Where the
co-operative creamery is in existence
there must be some to make a study
of it or It will not be a success in ev-
ery particular. Above all things the
co-operative creamery managers must
follow a conservative course. If the
butter is being sold at a profit in one
market the risk should not be taken
of abandoning tha old and sure mar-
ket for a possible greater profit
We notice that Professor Robertson
of Canada says that a cow requires
about one-fourth pound of salt per
day to do her best. This Is something
of a surprise but the professor is
doubtless correct He declares that
milk given by a cow that has all the
salt she wants will keep longer than
milk from a cow that has not had
salt and he says he has demonstrated
the truth of this. It is absolutely safe
to let the cows nave all the salt they
crave and If the milk is Improved the
consumer 13 so much ahead. It is a
fact known to about every farmer
that when cows do not have salt their
milk soon becomes flat In taste.
e
Reports from England say that the
supplies of Danish butter on that mar-
ket are declining and the same is true
of the Irish butter and the home-
made article. On the other hand the
amount imported from Australia is in-
creasing. It is selling in London for
about 25 cents per pound. Butter made
from Australian "spring grass" is ex-
pected shortly and bids fair to become
one of the leading butters there. Aus-
tralia has the advantage of Denmark
that Bhe does not have to import large
quantities of grain and other feeds
from other countries. She can make
butter largely from grass and at a
leas cost than the Danes. The butter
trade between Australia and England
Is facilitated by the meat trade over
the same route for partial cargoes of
meat can be pieced out by consign-
ments of butter.
e
There are different practices in the
feeding of fodder corn and the results
from the different ways of feeding are
various. The most wasteful way is to
throw out the corn to the cows while
they are In the barn-yard or even in
the feeding lot near it In such cases
a very large proportion is trampled
under foot and of course wasted. Not
only is there a loss to the fodder but
the cattle fight over it and often in-
jure each other. In addition the
the weaker animals get almost noth-
ing till the stronger ones have satis-
fled themselves. Some farmers al-
ways tie up their cows when they have
any kind of feed and this is a good
plan to follow. If the stalks can be
cut up so much the better. A Bhredder
would be an improvement over that
and a silo something better than any
of the ways of feeding mentioned. Si-
lage is fed with almost no waste when
it is fed Judiciously.
Patrons of creameries that buy by
the test are sometimes dissatisfied be-
cause their tests are not always the
same. Sometimes the tests are quite
high and the patron thinks they should
be high all the time. But every sci-
entist that has investigated this mat-
ter knows that the percentage of fat
is all the time changing that is from
one day to another. Month by month
the relations are quite stable. The
organs of the udder that produce fat
and other' components of milk are not
at all even in their work. Sometimes
the fat is produced faster than the
other parts and sometimes the other
parts of the milk are produced faster
than the fat The relative quantity
produced in a month or even a week:
Is more uniform. For this reason
many creamery managers use the com-
posite test making the examination
once a week or at longer intervals.
We mention this as some patrons may
be Inclined to think the tests contra-
dictory if they do not give the same
results each time.
Hug: lusnrance.
From Nebraska come reports that
some of the farmers have gone into
hog insurance companies and have not
found everything to their liking. These
companies take the notes of the farm-
ers as security and when hogs die the
farmers are of course assessed to pay
the losses. It Is all very well for the
ones that lose their hogs but the farm
ers that take proper care of their hogs
and do not lose them complain that ths
insurance is a premium on bad meth-
ods in hos raising. In other words
the man that does not know how to
keep the disease out of his herds gets
the money of the man that has been
ambitious and has learned how. This
is perhaps only one side of the story.
Miss Clara Barton president os. the
National Rid Cross societj' has issued
a statement to the manufacturers and
business men of the country in which
she appeals to them for aid in tho
way of material to be used in' the
building of homes for those who lost
their all In the recent storm. The
number of the homeless class i3 esti-
mated at 8000 or more. Everything
recui:-ed to build and furnish 4.0JO
dwellings is needed.
There are nearly 4000 miles inland
navigation in England and Wale.
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Dawson, A. M. The Chickasha Daily Express. (Chickasha, Indian Terr.), Vol. 1, No. 299, Ed. 1 Friday, December 7, 1900, newspaper, December 7, 1900; Chickasha, Indian Terr.. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc732385/m1/3/: accessed April 19, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.