OJfr
10
ie
THE INDIAN
CHIEFTAIN.
CHIEFTAIN PUBLISHING CO.
VINITA INDIAN TERRITORY THURSDAY AUGUST 18 1898.
VOL. XVI. NO 51
i
-'..
lt
fh
S
HUNTING WITH HAWKS.
ENCOURAGEMENT.
Tie.
.Old-Time Sport of Falconry
Haa Been Revived In
the East.
Hope the One Great Xeed of Man-
kind Exemplified br an
Allesrory.
Vhat strange fascination men can
find in the old spirt of falconry that
cruel swoop of a fierce monarch of the
air on the track of a bird whose only
.safety lies In flight is a mystery to those
"whose knowledge of the pastime is lim-
ited to what they hae read about it in
old books.. Sportsmen who have taken
to this method of capturing game birds
declare that this is the essence of ex-
citing sport. They argue that the man
who goes shooting with a modern
breech-loader may kill more birds but
he has only the satisfaction of knowing
that he has trained himself to be ex-
pert in the killing process while the
falconer has educated one of the wild-
est and most unlikely creatures in ex-
istence to obey his will and kill as he
directs. Besides say the falconers
what is the shooting of a bird on the
wing compared with the exciting spec-
tacle of a falcon swooping with Ught-ning-like
swiftness on a partridge that
speeding for all its wings are worth
to get away.
Whatever its opponents may say cer
tain it is that the sport of falconry the
soble old sport that has been sung
about by ancient poets and pictured on
numberless canvases by famous paint
ers is becoming a fashionable country
pastime whose followers are as en-
thusiastic over their favorite amuse-
ment as ever was a golf crank or yacht-
ing fiend. It is essentially a cruel sport
but no sport that has for its ultimate
object the killing of a bird or animal
can be considered humane and the
death of a quarry by the talons of a
hawk is probably as painless an end
at being killed by a rifle shot.
A party of falconers will start from
the country house at which the meet
takes place with half a dozen or more
hawks carried on the cadge a wooden
frame on which they are transported
to the field. The birds are hooded. The
hoods are of silver and 'the tuft enables
the owner to readily single out his bird
from others. When the moment for ac
tion comes the falcon is taken from the.
cadge and carried oajtbe gloved hand of
the falconer ready to be freed at any
Instant for the flight after the game.
When the covey Is reached the falcon
is relieved of its swivel hood and leash
and released. She will dart up in the
air and walfthere until the quarry is
sighted circling round and round the
f spot where she has been released. When
it is seen that the falcon is ready a rush
is made by the falconers and the dogs
that accompany the party to the spot
where the covey of partridges has been
located.
Up rise the frightened birds and see-
ing their enemy the falcon.-waltlng to
seiee them above while unknown dan-
gers confront them below the birds
wing their way forward bent on escap-
ing. If must be a fast-flying partridge
that can outstrip the falcon ltLarace
The old ana crafty birds of 'the ccrey
know this well and their tactics are to
head for the densest bushes and seek
safety in concealmenfT The falcon
with a similarly active instinct singles
out a yonng bird that has sense enough
pnly to fly blindly on in hope of its
-wing saving it from the falcon's foot.
It is usually a short race. With a swoop
that the falconer who Is an enthusiast
watches and admires as the angler does
the expert's cast of a line or the yacht-
ing man the swift sweep of a boat in a
race the hawk is down on the part-
ridge picking "Jir up with her foot.
and carrying it off to a place of safety
where it can gorge at ease on the prize.
Sometimes as a rewardfor clever work
the fcon is allowed to continue its
meal but if other work is required of
it the dead bird is added to the bag of
the party and tie hunt is resumed. .
When the next covey is reached an-
other bird is allowed io show his prow-
ess. Rarely will a bird kin more than
one bird out of a covey a point that the
falconers use in answering their crit-
ics who assert that the sport is a cruel
one for say the falconers: "We get a
great deal more sport than the man who
shoots birds with less killing than he
considers necessary to a successful
day." Hut occasionally a bird will kill
two partridges from the e-jne covey.
This was a feat accomplished by Black
.may recently when after killing one
bird she was after another like a flash.
The second one she was eating when
the falconers come upon her. The first
was caught by the dogs the blow of
I ' Black Lady having broken one of its
wings.
A good day's sport with trained birds
will res "t.'-a the bagging of a dozen
partridgeaot much of a result from a
hunter's point of view but still a bag
of comfortable proportions. Cincinnati
Enquirer.
The angel of the wishes trailed soft-
ly downward through the blue ether
his golden-tipped wand in his hand.
He bent over the head ofthe school-
boy whose tear-stained face betokened
the struggle which youth encounters
at the entrance to the land of knowl-
edge. Lightly he touched the droop-
ing lids with the golden wand and left
a smile to fill the place of the sigh that
was breathed into it.
The yellow harvest moon stole into
the room of the factory girl and brought
into strong relief the youthful face
upon which was already written the
sad story of struggle and deprivation
and as the angel of the wishes furled
his wings beside her head his smile was
touched with the tender grace of com-
miseration. "Breathe sad heart"he sa!d"breathe
into this wand of mine the dearest
need of thy life and it shall be car-
ric9 to the throne of the 'Most High for
fulfillment."
Upon a couch of unrest tossed the in-
valid burdened with untold cares
clutched In (he angry grip of pain long-
ing"f or release yet praying for strength
to fight the battle for other? and as
the wand touched the pale lips and on
the quivering breath fioatedout the one
prayer of the sufferer the angel of the
wishes stole reverently with bowed
head from the room.
Beside the bed of the mother he stood
and gazed upon the carewora face be
fore him. lie traced the lines of self-
denial the furrows of thought the
ravages of suffering and whispered
softly through the darkness: "O thou
martyr to the world's greatness and
goodness let thy wand bear the prayer
of thy heart as the one jewel in the col-
lecttonl" The wand touched the lips of the
lover writhing in the throes of doubt
and misgiving and caught the sob that
was half a prayer before it hod spent
itself upon the midnight air.
Upon the hard-Bet lips of the man of
business it lingered long before it suc-
ceeded in bringing into palpable form
out of the conflict of desire the one
dear wish of his heart. But the very
intensity with which it came seemed to
mark it as the final summing of all
earthly good.
The angel of the wishes smiled know-
ingly when he bent above the bedsides
of the poet artist and musician. 'Tor
ages" he said to himself with half a
sigh "I have carried this prayer to the
feet of the Eternal. Would that I could
touch their drooping lips with the smile
of its fulfillment."
Across the eastern rim of the sky the
white arms of day were reaching up-
ward when the angel of the wishes laid
his heavily laden wand at the feet of
the Great Giver.
As he unrolled-it-anJ- - Hn mf
ut upon the peaceful air
behold they tvvined themselves together
and out of the embrace in letters of
flame appeared as the combined result
of the prayers and aspirations the one
word "Encouragement!"
"Alas!" sighed the angel of the
prishes "the one need of mankind is
Pope J" Birch Arnold in Chicago
Chronicle.
WAR BOOKS AND PRINTS.
Old Stories and Sonffa Have Suddenlr.
Decome - Popnlarlmed and
Valuable.
TIME FOR A PLEA OF GUILTY.
A Colored Man AVho Had the Kntlre
State of Iowa Asmlnat Htm
Old Age Fiction.
CAUTIOUS PRAISE.
In Which There AVn a "World of En.
courasement and an Apology
for a Scotchman.
An Iowa judge was telling stories in
a hotel lobby and he related an amus-
ing Incident that had occurred in hit
court when a colored man was brought
up for some petty offense. The charge
was read and as the statement "the
state of Iowa agaln6t John Jones" was
mode is a loud voice the colored man's
eyes bulged nearly out of their sockets
and he seemed perfectly overcome with
terror and astonishment. When he was
asked if be had anything to say he plead-
ed guilty or not guilty he gasped out:
"Well yo' honoh ef de -whole state o'
Iowa is agin this one pore nigger I'm
gwine to give up right now!"
Not once out of a hundred times can
an old colored man tell you his age and
even if he knew he would be more than
apt to make himself out much older
than he really is. After middle life they
All seem to feel that it adds dignity and
much increases their merits and value tc
be considered extremely old. The ab-
surdity as to statements pf length of
years lived never strikes them. In a
southern family which always spends
One effect of the war exeftement in
the last two or three weeks has been
manifested in the astonishing impetus
given to the sale of all books and pic-
tures which have any bearing upon
military or naval matters or indeed
upon historical affairs in general. The
booksellers are unanimous in report-
ing a greatly increased "demand for
works of this nature. To a certain ex
tent they are aiming to encourage it
by placing in their windows a signifi-
cant arrav of volumes on war subjects.
with American and Cuban flags dis-
posed about as decorations and medals
and pictures of the Maine in conspicu-
ous sight. Among the books oftenest
seen are various histories of the United
States three or four well-known his-
tories of the American navy and a num-
ber of other books of naval reminis-
cences accounts of noted sea conflicts
and biographies of famous naval com-
manders both American and foreign.
Side by side with the naval works are
volumes bearing upon the army and
upon military tactics. A book which
appeared about a month ago and has
sold well is called "Marching with Go-
mez." On its cover it bears the single
star which characterizes the Cuban flag.
Histories otthe American revolution of
the war of 1812 and of the civil war
are also sharing- in the present popular-
ly. The picture dealers are not behind the
booksellers in reaping a little harvest
from the war interest. Thousands of
pictures of the Maine from the cheap-
est chromos to fine photographs and
photo-engravings have been sold to-
gether with books made up of pictures
and slight descriptions of all the wor-
ships of the navy. Dealers have actual-
ly been unable to keep enough of these
in stock and one of them said mourn-
fully the other -day as he tooR his last
copy out of the window to sell to a
customer:
"I found out last night that we can't
pet anv more of these for the present.
The publishers have exhausted their
stock."
Pictures of Gen. Lee many of them
It must be confessed atrociously print
ed are selling rapidly despite their ar-
tistic defects. But the most interesting
development in the picture line is the
revival of old war prints and engravings
which has taken place. Art dealers
have dug deep into their cupboards and
brought out the ancient engravings
which have been hidden away from the
light foryears. Besides the illustrations
of the famous naval battles of the
United States depicted in the pictur-
esque if imaginative style of the artists
of the earlier hai of the century there
are many military scenes among which
tne battle of Bunker Hill and pictures
otyjaBMnclnn- -cromJng-llie Delnwure
and at Valley Forge seem to be favor-
ites. The signing of the Declaration
of Independence comes in also for its
share of attention. Out of a collection
of several thousand pictures displayed
in his window and they were engrav-
ings too which ranged from five to ten
dollars apiece a dealer speedily sold
all but two. At another shop the pro-
prletqr was lamenting the meagerness
of his stock.
"Whv" he said "a little while agol
couldn't have got 50 cents apiece for
these old prints;' I thought I should
have to give them away. Xow J wish I
had a hundred copies of every one of
them. I could sell them at from three
to fire dollars apiece without the slight-
est trouble. But they are things of
course that can't be duplicated. If
there are any more copies of them they
are scattered broadcast; I don't know
where to find them. Probably there
are very few now in existence."
A glance at the windows of the mu
sic stores reveals another phase of the
war interest. Here are some of the
titles of the songs and instrumental
pieces now displayed: "Our .Reserve"
"Old Glory" "There's Boom for One
More Star" and "There Jfever Was a
Coward Where Sailed a Yankee Crew"
(evidently modeled on the style of
"There Sever Was a Coward Where the
Shamrock Grows"). There are songs
with the refrain ".Remember the
Maine" and songs about the freedom
of Cuba. Besides these recent produc-
tions there are of course af ull array of
the well-known national and patriotic
airs of the country.
u.nc libraries have felt the demand
for military and naval literature to such
an extent that in some places all the
THE HORSE STILL POPULAR.
Hiding1 Academies Are Dolna? a
Good Ilualneaa Helped by
the Blccle.
The horse is not dead yet. When the
wheel spun into such favor a few years
ago people prophesied that riding
horses would soon have nothing to do
but stand in the stalls and kick their
heels in idleness. For a year or two
that was pretty much all that most of
them did do. But at present there Is a
decided reaction and the horse is pranc-
ing more gayly and more numerously
than he ever did.
Managers of the riding academies
say that they have never had so prosper-
ous a winter as the one just past. The
proprietor of a well-known riding
school near Central Park says tbut his
books show a business of $:0000 in ex-
cess of the previous year. lie states
with pleasure that collections are so
easy that he feels as if he were in a
rose-eolored dream and might wake up
to find that his money had turned to
fniry gold. As for the wheel he
blesses it devoutly and says It is at the
root of all his good fortune.
"The bicycle was a blessing in dis-
guise as far as we are concerned" he
said. "I'll admit that it was disguised
at first. But I never joined the chorus
of calamity howlers. I predicted from
the start that the horse would stand the
test and so he has." ".
"How has the wheel helped you?T 
"This way: Teople wentcrazy bver
it- Thousands and hundreds of-thou-sands
of people who had n-vr iaken
out-of-door exercise learned to ride a
wheel nnd spent hours every day in the
open nlr. When a man or n woman
finds out what n great thing it Is to
have exercise In the open air it "-ettles
the thing. The habit once former. you
aren't going to coop that man or that
woman up for the rest of his day.
"The wheel as I say taught this hab
it to many thousands of people ever so
many wealthy people. Then everybody
took to the bicycle. The world
wheeled. Some men nnd women didn't
want to be In the crowd so they decided
to give up wheeling except once in
awhile. But what they couldn't do was
to make up their minds to give up out-of-door
exercise nnd consequently
people who would never otherwise have
learned fo ride n horse have taken it up
now. 
"Of course.so late In the season.things
are quiet here at the academy. People
hnve gone to the country nnd taken
their horses with them. But during
the winter and the early spring we were
simply rushed. As for next fall 1
have so many engagements that if
everybody came back at the same time
T wouldn't have enough stalk for the
horses. It is astonishing how many
children are learning to ride. The
greatest Increase Is In that direction.
Children's ponies were never in such
demand.
"In past seasons I have often had to
take horses In pav for board bills. Thi
HATERS OF SPAIN.
The 1'ortuKneae Have Lonthed and
Desptaed the Spnnlnrda
for Centuries.
SICKNESS OF SOLDIERS.
Some Advice on How to 1'reaerve
Good Hcnlth While In the
Service.
"I was astounded last week when I
saw that bulletin about Portugal hesi-
tating to turn the Spanish fleet away
from the Cape Verde Islands" said a
cosmopolitan lookeron in New York.
"What struck me as so impossible about
it was the hint of an alliance between
Spain and Portugal.
"Why I have lived in Portugal and
mixed with the people and I know that
they could stand almost anything bet-
ter than that. Portuguese sentiment
the sentiment of the people at large of
'Antonio e Maria' consists chiefly of
hatred to the Spaniards. They may be
indifferent about other matters or di-
vided in feeling. Some of them are
Miguelistas or legitimists some are
heartilyattachcd to the actual dynasty;
many in the cities most of all in Lis-
bon are republicans but the one uni-
fying sentiment of the people is the
anti-Spanish sentiment.
"When you come to consider what
their history has been I don't see how
this could have been otherwise. They
have altogether five great national he- J  
roes Dom Enrique who was the-tilo- fit'
m ui mi xturuicuu ejtpiurawuiz..iH
the Atlantic; VascoiIeGairia Dom Se-
bastian "the Faithful Prince" who is
the center of varioti tvh wi legends;
jDora Joao the bustard; and Gil Eannes
Pere.r It is safe to say that most of
the plain people of the whole country
know little or nothing of the first two
of these beyond their names. As for
the Faithful Prince manv of them
probably are not quite sure whether
he was a real historical personage or
only mythical. But every Portuguese
lavrador from the Minho to St. Vin-
cent knows Dom Joao who In 1385 drove
the Spaniards all the way from Aljubar-
rota. In Portugal to Burgos In the mid-
dle of Spain and Gil Eannes who beat
them at Valverde in the same year.
Those two are the Bruce and the Wal-
lace of the Portuguese but there is this
difference between the Scottish and the
Portuguese hero-worship that the one
is a mere matter of historical pride
while the other Is part of a living active
political force.
"The fact Is that since she lost Brazil
and fell Into a state of general decline
the people of Portugal have become
Intensely retrospective. They nourish
their pride on national memories and
the fundamental national fact for them
is their independence of Spain. They
began to be a nation when they broke
loose from the kingdom of Castile and
Leon in the eleventh century and ever
since then except for a couple of gen-
erations in the sixteenth and seven-
teenth centuries they have existed as
a nation under the continual threat
of absorption into Spain. The house
of Braganza stands to the Portuguese
people fcr no good thing but the re-
volt of 1640 by which the country was
Dr. George G. Groff president of the
Pennsylvania board of health has pub-
Iished a paper on "Hygiene for theJSol-
dier" In which he says that 32534
Spanish soldiers died In Cuba in'lS97.
In the same year 30000 Spanish sol-
diers were invalided there nis sta
tistical table states further that-1000
soldiers' were killed in the Frauco-Ger-man
war and 19000 soldiers died in the
same war from disease. Nine hucdred
soldiers died In one year In a single
regiment in a campaign in Madagascar
and it is not an uncommon thing to
have 300 meu die out of one British
regiment in the West Indies. "In for-
mer years" he says "fhe years was the
full life of a British regiment in the
West India service."
On the subject of tobacco and alcohol
he says to the soldier:
"These drugs are used to a great ex-
tent in armies and often to excess and
to the injury cf the '-jf ilHtn
!2ou Can (Set ft..
at.
...Burns' Racket.
ffies Hlmost Hn tfbing
ffiou Wfant
Mason's Fruit Jars Stone ware of the best qual-
ity not the cheap rough ware. Croquet sets gold fish
and globes; pictures oil and water colors; ladies' hose
vests belts and handkerchiefs; gent's hose suspenders
belts and handkerchiefs; ribbons laces gloves etc.
u
"Do not smoke or chew cxciKjie3 "
"Do not ue alcohol (or liqujJXJvV
i. u ine.surjftyjJJ -virTio "tF '
n S&e 5 (Cent Courfter.
'ol cotton 5 pint cups Aunt Lydia's linen
-ola dusfr-EarlG Ire WocflittLaWa
t- - i - -v- g.aa f " . ijp-g
lnrtrto rfiT-' ntiwn Fa-aas "1
lAtt0 11414 VUlU9j '
year only one home wns-jlurnetl Jn on'i redeemed into independence. And the
uus i -kntW k..-; . .1 . t 
its winters in Washington lives an old' CT ""3 """ 7"  "
man named Jeff who has been with. L" "ft T v " be '"
.v i it r i of access when called for.
them and the previous generation for .' i it v .
more years than they can nmember. I ..Am? ?h!: wtrie. benefited by
He is certainlvnrettvold him.elf.sohU. "e "ar laK' XO na& an? D"ntmgman
Mr. Orchardson the famous English
artist has lately given the public an
insight into his experiences with golf
that mysterious game so fascinating
to the initiated of which the charm is
so incomprehensible to the outsider.
It is but recently that Mr. Orchard-
son who is past middle life although in
the prime of healthful vigor has trans-
ferred his affections from hunting and
tennis his former favorite sports to the
national game of his country for he is
a Scotchman. He played his first game
of golf at St. Andrews.
"I remember" he says T had the
queerest most solemn looking caddie
imaginable. I made a fearful mess of
it at first and the little chap looked on
without a word. At last when I had
finished be round he looked up at me
in the funniest way and simply said:
It's nae use playin golf unless yelairn
it as a laddie.'
"But I must tell you that the next day
I had this same caddie and I got on
much better. I wns almost annoyed
with him for not praising me for he
was as silent as on the day before. But
when we finished he turned to me and
said as if resuming our last conversa-
tion: 'AwceL A dinna ken. "
Being a Scot himself the artist was
therefore satisfied with what he doubt-
less interpreted as a handsome apology
and hearty encouragement. Youth's
Companion.
mistress was rather surprised this win
ter when he asked to have a few days
off to go" as he put it "up to de ole state
of New Haven" to see his aunt.
"yhy Jeff" said the lady "your aunt
must be old isn't she?"
"Yes'm" he replied "yes'm my aunt
must be pretty ole now she's about a
hundred an' five years ole now."
"A hundred and five years" exclaimed
the lady "why what on earth is she do-
ing up there in New Haven?"
" 'Deed I don't know what's she's do-
in ma'am" rejoined Jeff in all serious-
ness. "She's up dere llvin with hex
grandmudder." Chicago Tribune.
A Sad Bat Glorious Day.
"Victory!" cried the Spanish" minis-
ter. "Write out a proclamation at onct
authorizing our people to celebrate!"
"Why your excellency what har hap-
pened? Hnve our forces fallen upon
the Yankee pigs and compelled them
to cry for quarter?"
"No but one of our battleships hai
just been scuttled and sunk before the
coivqrdly swine could gain possession
of it"-Chicago Evpning News.
Poorlr-Pald Clerirr.
Among the clergy of Italy there arc
3473 whose income is under $100 a
year.
Juilirrd from Persnnnl Uxnerlener.
One boy met another who had a sus-
picious redness about the eyes and a
droop at the corners of the mouth.
"Say" said the first boy "I heard yom
father was on a ship once."
The other quenched a sob and nodded.
"V.is it a whaler?"
"Yes it was. And you bet he learnt
the business good too." Detroit Free
Press.
A .Sofllrlent IlenanL.
Judge Can you giie any ren&on whj
sentence of the court should not be pro-
nounced on you for picking that man't
pocket?
-Culprit Yer honor I--er--did it in
J Z fit of abstraction. N. Y. Journal
ufocturers can count their business and
the jewelers have observed that an un-
usual number of armj- and navy and
national guard buttons have come to
them to be mounted upon hatpins nnd
stickpins. N. Y. Tribune.
!Vo Head Covering; far fHrla In Jniian
There is no special head-covering in
the nathe costume for girls. Indeed
the mode of dressing the hair would not
admit of hats and bonnets such as ours.
Ihere is rivalry among Japanese girls
as to whose hair shall be most becom-
ingly and nrtistically arranged whose
girdle be most gracefully tied and
whose robe show the most harmonious
effects; and they arc quite equal to their
western sisters In the taste for person-
al adornment. The Japanese parasol is
used as a shelter from the sun and the
European umbrella is gaining favor.
For going out in the rain there are rain
coats and rain-hats made of oiled paper..
&t. .Mcnoias.
Tomato Pie.
Take a pound and a hnlf of tomatoes
and scald and slice them. lny the.
pieces i" a pie dish nnd sprinkle liberal:
ly with salt and n handful of minced
ham. Beat up one egg and mix with it
the juice of half a lemon three ounces
of powdered white sugar hnlf a pint of
cream and a pinch each of bicarbonate
of soda nnd salt. Pour thihsauceintoa
pie dish cover it with a piecrust and
bake the pie for half an hour in n quick
oven. Cincinnati Commercial Tribune.
Dnfe llrrnil.
To pint of light sponge add two
tabu-spoonfuls of brown sugar and
enough whole wheat flour to make a
very stiff batter. Stir into it two cup-
fuls of stoned dates put the mixture
into bread pans to rfce again. When
light bake it in a moderate oen for au
hour and a half or a trifle less. Uouk't-ivife.
me in that way. I had to engatre nine
riding masters more than I hnve ever
had before. People of all ages have
been learning; even old ladies have
been taking lessons. Another unson
for the return to the horse is that stout
people who ride to reduce flesh found
that the wheel is not so effectual as a
horse. Then too a good manr physl
cians proscribe a wheel nnd prescribe
a horse."
"The trotting horse Is still the most
popular?"
"Oh yes. The Kentucky-galted horse
Isn't In demand here in New York ex-
cept for semi-invalids who need ome-
tiling ensy. Down in Kentucky it's dif-
ferent. They ride for hours there sc
they need nn easy gait. Here in New
York people want the horse' which gives
them the best exercise in a short time."
"Do any New York women ride
astride?"
"I don't think so. It won't ever be
fashionable in New York. I won't allow
any woman to ride astride in my school.
Thnt is not at present. If it ever be
comes customary that will be differ
ent; but I nm not pioneering. T be-
lieve they ride so a little in Chicago and
other places."
"How about cross-country riding
among women?"
"Of course there is nothing of thai
sort in the academy now but we have
had more pupils in that line during the
winter than ever before. You see 1
am justified in saying thnt the wheel
has proved a blessing to us. They
couldn't very well ride to hounds on a
wheel anyway. But the love of being
outdoors which the wheellnstllled intc
many people has reacted amazingly for
the greater popularity of the horre."
N. Y. Sun
-iVych" Haiel Xot "Witch" Hniel
The correct name for Hamamelis
Virginlca Is not witch hazel but wych
hazel. Our plant has no connection
with the magic of the water hunter.
The Blackthorn of England Trunus
Spinosa was the wood used in these
divinations or whatever these tuper-
stitious practices may be termed. JInzel
had a very wide meaning in the olden
times and the elm as well as the nut
not known as such was hazel. One oi
these elms now known as Ulmus Mon-
tana was the favorite wood for mak-
ing wyches or provision chests nnd
was therefore known as the wych hazel.
In the present day it Is the wychelm
Our hamamelis received from the early
settlers the name of wych hazel from
the resemblance of the leaves to those
of the wych harel or elm of the old
world. Language reformers imoglnlni:
that wych should be spelled witch are
responsible for the confusion. Wych
nnzei is tne correct term for our plant.
Median's Monthlv.
people feel that the price of independ
ence is perpeiuai nnireu oi Spaniards.
We. can understand the feeling only by
imagining what it would have been in
our own country if the original 13 states
nan oeen collect nelj much smaller
than Great Britain and separated geo-
graphically from that country only by
a line on the map.
'Nobody who has lived in Portugal
enn fail to have noticed the signs of
this undying hatred on all hands. Do
you know for instance the true mean-
ing of the saying 'A bad Spaniard
makes a good Portuguese?" Of course
there is the Spanish interpretation
which is the obvious one. But there
is also the deeper Portuguese interpre-
tation and that is that any bad friend
to Spain is bj" that very fact a good
friend to Portugal.
"ou can see evidences qf the feel-
ing too in the very language of Portu-
gal which its speakers seem to have
purposely developed in such a way as
to make it as unlike Spanish as possi-
ble. Written it looks like Spanish but
spoken it sounds much more like Po
lish or Czech. It is a curious fact that
no self-respecting Portuguese woman
would be seen wearing a mantilla for
the mantilla is the Spanish woman's
headgear. Aud during the last reign
it used ta be remarked in Lisbon that
only two ladies there ever smoked the
queen Maria Pia mother of the pres-
ent king nn Italian and the duchess
of Palmell-i this 'again because the
habit of smoking had long been dis-
tinctive of the Spanish among all other
womankind.
"I believe this anti-Spanish feeling
has been kept alive all these centuries
very largely through the perseverance
of the Portuguese women. Perhaps
iney rememoer tliat It was a woman
who cast the die for the anti-Spanish
revolt In 1610 by pronouncing the mem-
orable sentence 'As for me I would
rather have death as queen of Portugal
tnan a long life as duchess of Braganza
although it is true that woman was
a Spaniard.
"Once I asked a Portuguese girl if
she really hated all the Spaniards. She
said of course she did. I reminded her
that the Christian religion commands
us to love all men. 'Yes' she said 'but
that was a long time ago before there
were any Spaniards.' " N. Y. Sun.
cs especially avu 1 aicoi: ;;. ..
forms as it causes toutc harm there
than in cold uu temperate climates.
I 1- uow- well lAown from ample ex-
perience that soldiers have the best
health who leave alcohol In all its forms
severely alone. Strong liquors in the
tropics is death to the soldier."
Under the head of "Things to Avoid"
Dr. Groff says:
"The soldier should strive to avoid
discontent despondency laziness dis
respect uncbastity drunkenness and
debauchery. These are not uncommon
in armies and they all lead to the de-
struction of sound and vigorous health.
These things destroy armies more than
the bullets of the enemy. Dr. Parks
the great British authority on hygiene
says: 'To make an army perfectly
brave it must be made temperate and
chaste.' "
The soldier is urged to cultivate
cheerfulness.
"Good health Is promoted by cheer-
fulness. Cheerfulness is often better
than medicine. It is a virtue which
can be cultivated as can also ready
obedience hopefulness contentedness
patience fortitude endurance temper-
pnee self-confidence self-reliance
chastity and courageousness. These
are all virtues and when possessed
they go to' make the highest type of
soiuler. lney all promote good
health."
Dr. Groff is not one of those who be-
lieves that a change to a strange cli-
mate will give rise to disease and on
that point says:
"It is not a strange climate which
causes disease among soldiers. The
body soon adapts itself to changes of
temperature. The greater number of
diseases are produced by germs or seeds
which exist in the earth and-water nt
some places but not at others. These
germs are not found In the open coup;
try een within the tropics but Jn
certain towns and cities. These gerins
do not generally float In the air and
so enter the body but become attached
to food and drink nnd so enter the
system. If one is careful nhvnvn to
drink boiled or spring water and to eat
vell cooked fodds or in case of fruits
to remove the rind there is little dan-
ger of live germs getting Into the body
for the reason that the heat of cooking
kills them.
"Camps are situated In the most
healtliy places which can be secured.
Ihe soldier who remains with his fel-
lows and ents what is provided for
him Is generally safe from disease.
But when he wanders from camp as.
eociates with people of unknown hab-
its drinks woter and eats food of which
he knows nothing he runs great risks
of contracting- any disense which may
be prevalent.
"Alcohol does not prevent disease
but rather weakens the body making it
difficult to resist disease.
"The average soldier does not find
opportunity to wander from camp and
associate with people outside. Nor is
it an easy matter for soldiers on the
march in temporary camp or in active
field duty to procure 'boiled or spring
water' and 'well-cooked food.' All
these things may be had In state camp
but in the country oC 'be enemy they
Will probably be lool- " . r In vain."--6t.
Louis Bepublic.
"Willmantic -carp5lirail
valniife liiitin
qufr5:icocliisdsraxle-gi"easpr!iBgJEriiR
ti"T ".. oil limn aliOrwi otr " i5sfl':-. -i2i
n Sbe 10 Cent Counter.
IG-oz. household amonia Grandpa's "Wonder soap hook
straps strainers egg beaters toasters scrub brushes
hammers hatchets rat traps glass ware and hundreds of
other equally useful articles.
Sewing machine needles 2 for 5c; parlor matches
ioc per doz. boxes; brooms 10 and 15c; watches good
time keepers 1.25; 8-day clocks half hour strikers 2.65;
Luminous alarm clocks can see time in dark 1.10;
Everything kept in first class racket store.
-Xeave rbers fot I ce.
....UJINMUiN YUURSlUteKFlU..."
Greer flills & Co.
Union Stock Yards
Chicago in.
Kansas City Stock Yds.
Kansas City. Mo.
National Stock Yards
St. Louis Ho.
HONEY FURNISHED TO RELIABLE PARTIES.
John FrnnUUn Ao-pnt Vinifa I T
A -sjn)
Educate Your Sons and
Daughters.
A WET COUNTRY.
Mlllrnnrj- of Ihe SnmnKr.
They have just celebrated in Ger-
many a curious millennium that of the
sausage hich in elf ect dates back to
the j ear 897. It has been asserted that
the Creeks in the days of Homer manu-
factured sausages Hut this prehistoric
mixture hnd nothing- in common with
our modern product. The ancient so-
called sausage vtas composed of the
sai.ie materials which enter into the
make-up of the boiulin of the Trench
market nnd the blood puddinr; of the
Trench Canadian. The ancient sausage
was enveloped in the stomach of goats.
It was not until the tenth century that
sausage made of hashed pork became
known. It was in or near the jear
1500 thnt thanks to the introduction
into Germany of cinnamon and saffron
the sausages of Frankfort and of Stras-
liurg acquired a universal reputation.
Urooklyn Eagle.
Hnpp)- Corcnn Lot era.
The determination of the king of
Coreu to marry again has caused great
rejoicing as it is not considered polite
for anybody of social standing in the
kingdom to marry while the king Is sin-
gle. Consequently the fidelity of that
monarch to the memory of his mur-
dered consort has been making many
other hearts ache and the interruption
of love's young dream has threatened
serious political results for even the
astute and autocratic politicians of the
orient find they have to reckon with the
primitive complications of human na-
ture and that these are times when
een n king of snered dynasty can as-
sume too much responsibility in direct-
ing other people's actions Baltimore
American
'iintlnn In Jrriiinlriu.
The ringing of the peal of bells be-
longing to the new German I'rotetant
church at Jerusalem on Kapler Sunday
created a sensation in the Holy C'liy a
thry are the first Troteitant church
bells which have yet been heard there.
It semis howeicr that jlie Greek nnd
Latin fri.irs attached to the church of
the Holj Sepulchre were b no mean
pleased at the faor extended to th
Protestants w'mse presence "n Teru'..
leia is strong!; resented. -X V. Sun.
The Dimcultlea of HnlliTu)- Travel
In Ccjlou A Trnln'a Narrow
CacaiiF.
Thernilroad which with its branches
connects Colombo the capital of Cey-
lon with the Interior of tho island is
remarkable for the engineering skill
shown in Its construction nnd for Its
prosperity. It makes nn ascent of 3500
feet by a succession of loops and curves
with- here nnd there a tunnel. The
chief diflloulty in running the railroad
Is due to the way in which the rnln
comes down. A recent book of travel
"A Hun Hound the Empire" describes
wbnt the rain did to a train crnwljng
up tho niountalnsidel
On Pecember 7 1S0O 11 inches of
rain fell In 21 hours. The engineer of
a train saw that bej ond a certain tun-
nel the line was washed away. He
stopped the train niul the pasengers
got out. One of them seeing at6ncs
rolling down the mountainside above
them adwsed the engineer to nnsh for
the tunnel.
Just ns the train entered the tunnel
down came a huge mnss of rock which
parried away tho embankment as well
0s the last car of the tiain a goods
tan fortunately. Close brhlnd the tun-
nel the ends of the rail were hanging
free over a precipice nnd a similar con-
dition existed not fur ahead.
A mesenger came down from a plant-
er's bungalow nboie the tunnel to say
that water was accumulating in the
cutting in front and that It It broke
through the debris which served as A
dam it would wash the train out of the
tunnel. The passengers hasten.eV to
iitv tut. vuif uituiu t.uiiwij iliruugn
the wrter in the cutting found it up to
their breasts. Youth's Companion.
R ecent changes in territorial affairs makes this
an important duty for every parent. Where to
educate is a question that must be answered.
Why send to the states when
Worcester Academy
offers such excellent' advantages. The best of
teachers from Kansas Pennsylvania Illinois
and Missouri have been employed to instruct in
following courses: Elocution Music Commer-
cial Literary and Cassical Academic.
Write for Terms to Principal i -a -aaai -.rrw
W. A. CALDWELL Vinita Ind. Ter.
OLIVER BAOBr.Pres.
J.O.HAU.YleePrts.
W. P. PHILLIPS Caiklir
Capital $100000.
Surn!js $18000.
First National Bank
DIRECTORS:
Oliver Bagby
B. F. Fortnor
E. B. Frayser
E. N. Ratcliff
M. E. Mllford
W. H.Kornepay
W. A. Graham
J. O.Hall
W. E. Halsoll
C. W. Clark.
-Virjita Ii?d. Ter.
Docs a 5afe General Baohirjg
Business
Was the first National Bai?K
Chartered iij trj CberoHet
Nation and is the Gibral
tar arrjong to; Banks of
"trje Indian Territory.
Just Received A Carload of
Old Reliable"
ACnatl- ltntlruuU
United Sttites Consul Smith at Mos-
cow reports from information gained ut
n meeting of the engineers in charge oi
the construction of the great Trans-
Siberian railway that $lSs.nun3S hai
thn far been expended on that jntp
prise.
d&liKii'siiriilKHl
tfSii I -eJMBaaaaaL
SPRINGFIELD
..WAGONS...
JOSEPH HUNT Vinita I. T.
-