The Indian Advocate (Sacred Heart Mission, Okla. Terr.), Vol. 19, No. 6, Ed. 1, Saturday, June 1, 1907 Page: 2 of 32
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l'Hfi INDIAN ADVUCA'lfi
Apaches.
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The Apaches were evidently not so numerous about the
beginning of the 17th. century as in recent times their num-
bers apparently having'been increased by captives from ot-
her tribes particularly the Pueblos Pima Papago and ot-
her peaceful Indians as well as from the settlements of nor-
thern Mexico that were gradually established within the ter-
ritory raided by them although recent measurements by
Hrdlicka seem to indicate unusual freedom from foreign ad-
mixture. They were first mentioned as Apaches by Onate
in 1598 although Coronado in 1541 met theQuerechos the-
Vaqueros of Benavides and probably the Jicarillasand Mes-
calers of modern times on the plains of E. N. Mex. and
and W. Tex; but there is no evidence that the Apache rea-
ched so far W. as Arizona until after the middle of the 16th.
century. From the time of the Spanish colonization of New
Mexico until within twenty years they have been noted for
their warlike disposition raiding white and Indian settlements
alike extending their depredations as far southward as Jalis-
co Mexico. No group of tribes has caused greater confusion
to writers from the fact that the popular names of the tribes
are derived from some.. local or temporary habitat owing to
their shifting propensities or were given by the Spaniards
on account of some tribal characteristic hence some of the
common names of apparently dfferentlyApache tribes or bands
are synonymons or practically so: again as employed by
some writers a name may include much more or much less
than when employed by others. Although most of the Apa-
ches hare been hostile since they have been known to his-
tory the most serious modern outbreaks have been attribu-
ted to mismanagement on the part of civil authorities. The
most important recent hostilities were those of the Chirica-
hua under Cochise and later Victorio who together with
500 Mimbrenos. Mogollones and Mescaleros were assigned
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The Indian Advocate (Sacred Heart Mission, Okla. Terr.), Vol. 19, No. 6, Ed. 1, Saturday, June 1, 1907, newspaper, June 1, 1907; Sacred Heart, Okla.. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc69860/m1/2/: accessed April 18, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.