The Beaver Herald (Beaver, Okla.), Vol. 33, No. 4, Ed. 1, Thursday, June 24, 1920 Page: 2 of 10
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THE BEAVER HERALD. BEAVEROKLAHOMA
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IIIJ.N the legislatures or wnsning-
ton uml Delnwnre met 111 special
session Mnrch 22 It wns generally
nssumed that the sevcnty-yenr-old
fight for woman suffrngo wns nil
over hut the shouting.
"Washington will rntlfy without
ilelny." declared tho enthusiasts.
"Delownrc will follow suit after n
little skirmishing." That mokes
30 stntes three-fourths of tho 48
states of the Union. So tho wom-
en win and voles for women In
1020 "Is n reality."
Tho exact situation nt that time with respect
to thu woman suffrage amendment wns us fol-
lows: The nmendment had been ratified hy 31 stntes.
It had been defeated by bIx stntes: Alnbomo
Georgln Mississippi. South Carolina Virginia and
Maryland. Wnshlngton nnd Delnwnro were hold-
lug special sessions. In the other six states tho
situation was this:
Connecticut nnd Vermont No regulnr sessions
until 1021 nnd goornors had refused to cull spe-
cial sessions.
Florida nnd Tennessee Cannot vote on ratlfl-
cation In 1020 owing to the fnct that constitu-
tional provisions require Intervention of nn elec-
tion between submission of nmendment nnd ac-
tion on It.
Louisiana Louisiana legislature to meet In
May.
North Cnrollnn Legislature to meet In spe-
cial session In July.
The constitutionality of tho ratification by
Ohio where the legislature submitted Its ratify-
lug action to n referendum of the electorate wns
before tho United States Supremo court. The
nitincntlon by West Virginia wns slated for tho
courts.
Since then there tin been nil kinds of excite-
ment. For exnmple nftcr Wnshlngton had rati-
fied nnd while Delaware wns hanging desperately
to the top rail of the fence. Mississippi nenrly
decided to chnngo her mind nnd win the glory of
being the thirty-sixth stnte. The Ilnyou stnte
legislature bad voted against ratification Jnnunry
2) 1020. Tho sennte unexpectedly rescinded Its
action nnd voted for rntlflcntlon. Hut the houso
stood pnt nnd ngnln refuted to rntlfy by a vote
of 04 to 23. The members yelled long and lustily
when It. II. Watts of PNgnh roe nnd shouted:
-I -vould rnther die and go to Hades than
vote for woman suffn.ge."
All this first-par publicity has aroused nn ex-
traordinary public its.orest In the 70-yenr fight of
the Amerlcnn womnn for full suffrage. And It Is
n most Interesting struggle. Though the orgnn-
Ized movement began In 1S4S there are some
high light before that.
Possibly Mary Wollstonecrnft first set the Eng-lltdi-speaklng
world to thinking on the subject by
publishing her book. "Vindication of tho Rights
of Women" (tondftn. 1700).
In 1S20 appeared the first lecturer In this
country. She was Frances Wright n gifted Scotch
girl of twenty-two years.
In 1830 Ernestine I Itose. nn exiled Polish
woman. vIMted this country nnd ndvocnted the
right of woman to vote In n lecture with the ti-
tle. "Science of Government." Stirh wns her beau-
ty wit and eloquence that fche drew 'crowded
bouses.
TJils seed fell on fertile ground. American
women had voted under several of the colonial
governments nnd at the time of the ltcvolutlon
had demanded a shnre In government. Abigail
Adams spoke for others beside hen-elf when she
wrote to her husband. John Adams: "If women
ore not represented In this new republic there
will be another revolution."
In 1840 the World's Antl-Slnvery convention
vd( iicld In London. Several American delegates
were sent In response to Invitation. Among them
were Lucretla Mott and r.llznbeth Cndy Stnnton.
I.ucretln Mott (17O3-1SS0) wns n Massachusetts
Quakeress nnd nn "acknowledged minister" of
1he Friends. She wns the wife of Jnmes .Mott
nnd both husband nnd wife were nrdent abolition-
ists. Elizabeth Cndy Stanton (1815-1002) wns
liorn In New York slate nnd vns tho wlfo of
Henry It. Stnnton n Journnllst und nntl-slnvery
bpenkcr.
The Iondon World's Antl-Slnvery convention
refused to admit these two American delegates
because they were women. Itendlng between the
lines. It Is easy to guess that Ibis treatment "got
tlielr spunk up." For before they got home they
had decided to have a convention of their own to
which they wero sure of ndmlsslon.
Thee two women found a kindred spirit In
SuRiin H. Anthony (182O1OO0). She wns of Mns-
mcliiiKOtlH Qunker swk nnd nn enthusiastic
worker for "(empernnce" nnd abolition. In 1847
she delivered her first "Woman's nights" address
nnd wns derided ns n freak of nnture.
lly 1S48 Ihe llmo wns ripe for tho first worn-
nn's rlghls convention. It wns held nt Seneca
Pnlls N. Y under Ihe management of these threo
women nnd Mrs. Mott and Mrs. Slanton had no
trouble In gaining ndmlttnnce.
Up to tho Civil war the movement gradually
guthercJ strength. During the war tho women
Sfos. Carrie Ctayosnati Chff
work on n general sort of promise by members
of congress thnt nfter tho war "Justice would bo
done them." When Mrs. Anthony demanded thnt
women bo given equul rights with the ncwly-en-francblscd
black men situ got the answer "This
Is tho negro's hour."
In 1M50 were formed two nntlonnl organiza-
tions: National Womnn Suffrage nssoclatlon with
Mrs. Stanton nnd Miss Anthony lenders nnd bend-
quarters In New York; Amerlcnn Woman Suffrage
nssoclatlon. with Mary A. Llvermoro Jullu Wnrd
Howo nnd Lucy Stone leaders nnd bendquurters In
Hoston. The lino of division wns this: Tho for-
mer wished to concentrate on tho passage of a
constitutional nmendment; tho Intter was In fnvor
of obtaining tho suffrage through umendments to
btntti constitutions.
One day In 1S72 n plainly-dressed woman wear-
ing her dark hnlr brushed smoothly over her enrs
nnd colled In n knot low on her ueck wns seated In
tho front end of n street car In Hochester N. Y.
The sheriff stood In the renr of the cur.
"Fare!" demanded tho conductor nppronchlng
the womnn passenger.
"I nut n prisoner" she snld. "I nm traveling
under tho escort of the sheriff. Ho Is In tho other
end of the cur nnd you will have to nsk him for
my fnre."
This womnn wns Susan H. Anthony. For sev-
eral years she hnd been trying to force nn Inter-
pretation of the fourteenth nnd fifteenth amend-
ments which y.uuld nllow women to vote. Her
nrrcst was the result of her nttempt to vote. Sho
wns tried nnd fined $100. She refused to pny the
fine nnd never did pny. nnd sho was not sent to
Jail.
In 1875 Miss Anthony drafted the nmendment
to the Constitution which has now been ratified.
In 1878 the nmendment wns Introduced In tho
senate by Senntor Sargent of Cnllfornln. It wns
defeated In 1SS7 nnd therenfter wns not even de-
bated lu congress until 1014.
During the years the constitutional amend-
ment campaign wns making no progress the wom-
en won many victories In the stntes. They se-
cured full suffrage In Wyoming (1SC0) Colorado
Utnh nnd Idnho (1804) Washington (1010) Cnll-
fornln (1011) Kansas Arizona and Oregon
(012) Montnnn nnd Nevndn (1014) New York
(1017) Oklahoma South Dakota and Michigan
(1018) They won presidential suffrage In Illi-
nois (1013) Nebraska. Ithodo Island nnd North
Dnkotn (1017) Iowa Wisconsin Indlann. Maine
Minnesota Missouri and Tennessee (1010) nnd
Kentucky (1020). Pnrtlnl suffrage prevails In
many of the stntes. In Illinois for exnmple
women voto for cnndldntes for nil ofllces not
mentioned by tho statu constitution.
In 1800 the two organizations wero united un-
der the nnme of National Amerlcnn Womnn Snf-
frngo association and work was pushed nlong
both lines of endeavor. Mis. Stanton wns presl-
dent until 1802. Miss Anthony served until 1000
resigning nt tho nge eighty. Mrs. Cnrrle Chap-
mnn Cntt was Its bend. 1000-1004. Dr. Anna How.
nrd Shaw recently deceased nnd possibly best
loved of nil the leadem a womnn of transcendent
gifts nnd eloquence wns president until 1015.
Mrs. Cntt wns then ngnln chosen. Mrs. Frank Les-
llo left n Inrge legacy to Mrs. Cutt to be used In the
work.
At Ihe Chicago convention last February tho
National American Woman Suffrage association
beenroo the I.enguo of Women Voters. Mrs.
Cntt who Is nlso tho head of tho International
Woman Suffrage alllnnce which she founded In
1004 Is honorary chairman Mrs. Maud Wood
Park Is chairman: Mrs. Illcbard Edwards of In-
dlann. treasurer: Mra. Solon Jncobs of Alnbnmn
secretary nnd there Is a board of regional di-
rectors. In 1012 tho association formed n congressional'
committee with headquarters In Wnshlngton and
with some of Its best trained nnd brainiest women
It wns In this year that Miss Alice Paul nnd
Miss Lucy Hums Identified themselves with tho i
nntlonnl nssoclatlon. Miss Paul was iraue cbnlr-
mnn of the congressional committee und Miss
Hums her chief nsslstnnt. The former a young.
pnle faced girl n third wemnn suffrasc fighter .
of Amerlcnn Qunker stock hnd served a term
In Hollowoy Jail for her militant activities under
the guidance of Mrs. Emmellne Pnnkburst then I
the head of the Women's Social and Political
union of Great Hrltnln.
Miss Paul nnd Miss Burns did
mnln with the nntlonnl nssoclatlon. They organ-
ized the Congressional union on lines similar to
those on which the Pnnkburst organization wns
formed. In 1010 this became known ns the Na-
tional Woman's pnrty.
Tim Witnnti rnftr IftAilnK lh nlflrof ln Bllf
frnglsts." ns they were often cnlled. begnn to
work for the pnssnge of the elghtccnlri amend-
ment but they followed nn entirely different ;
course. They ndopteu mllltnnt tnctlcs they staged
the spectnculnr. Their success lay In n psytho-1
logical nnnlysls of men's character hitherto not
considered In the suffrage cnmpnlgn. They tin-
derstood the dislike nlmost fenr that men bavo
of being ridiculed. And the Woman's party lead-1
ers played on that fear. They caused senators .
and representatives to be laughed nt and rldl-!
ailed whenever they could nnd thej ild not
draw the line nt the president.
The Woman's pnrty organizers went to pnson.
nnd Miss Paul wns forcibly fed. Her followers
were read) nnd willing to submit to the same
trcntment. Many of them did go to Occoquan
whero they were treated like ordinary prisoners.
They told of their treatment In detnll after they
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Lassen Peak's crater. Lassen in crupuon.
were released nnd Inter they organized the "Prls- j
on Speclnl." a train which toured the country
and carried most of the women who hrid been Im-
prisoned for having picketed the White House.
Iloth organizations have hnd representatives
In ench of the stntes where the eighteenth amend-
m'ei.t wns to come before the stnte legislature '
whether In regular or speclnl session. I
The League of Women Voters has lecn crltl-'
elzed ns tending to keep women out of the pnr-
tics. At the Chicago convention Mrs. Catt said
In reply:
"For CO years wo have been appealing to the
parties for the vote. Is It possible for us now to
remain outside of those parties and obtain tho
things we wish without petitioning them? t
"If we are still to be petitioners what was the
Iden of getting the vote?
"More and more the parties are becoming tho
powers In this country Instend of appealing to
them. It Is better to get on the Inside aud get tho
things you desire. I
"You'll' discover thnt your Illusions will bo
shattered and. If you nre not careful you'll bo !
lulled into the satisfaction of having reached tho
'political penumbra' where most of the men nre.
Hut If you keep going wm'll find n little denser
thing faither on. That Is the 'numbrn.' In that
you'll find tho men who an- doing things form-
ing the platform directing the policies. You will
not be so welcome there hut thnt Is the place to
go. You'll find the real thing In the center with
the door locked tight. You will hnvo to open It."
Of the long hard struggle for woman suffrage
Mrs. Calt said In part:
"We should be glad and grateful todny but
more we should bo proud proud that the years
of organized endeavor have been clean construc-
tive conscientious.
"In every vomer It sowed the seeds nf Justlco
and trusted to time to bring the hnrvest. It tins
sided boys In high schools with their essays In
debates and later heard their confident votes of
yes' In legislatures. Ileporters assigned to our
Wnshlngton conventions went on the first day
with contempt nnd ridicule In their hearts but
went out tho Inst dny won to our cnuse nnd Inter
became editors of newspapers nnd spoke to thou-
sands In our behalf through Influential editorial
columns. Little girls came to our meetings lis-
tened nnd nccepted nnd Infer ns mature women
became intrepid lenders.
"During these yenrs It bns rarely had n snl-
arled ofllcer nnd even then she has been nabl 'cs
thnn her enrnlng cnpnclty elsewhere. It tuts
been nn nnny of volunteers who have estimated
no sncrlflce too great no service too dlfllcult.
"It hns hnd grent peerless women In It" ranks
nil down the decades. Ilravo Abigail Adnms with
her gentle threats of rebellion. Ernestine Kno
striving for property rights for women. Afcby
Kelly fighting for frco speech against n mob
armed with rotten eggs. The Grlmke sisters pro-
testing ngnlnst tnxntlon without representation.
Silver-voiced i.ucy siono tacking up tier own
handbills for meetings of her own arrangement.
Dr. Elizabeth Wackwell pretending not to :nre
although the women of Geneva scorned bor tho
Jlrst woman medical student.
"Very gentle nnd winsome Antoinette Rrown
stnndlng unmoved before the convention of cler-
gymen transformed Into n disorderly mob been u so
n womnn hnd been duly elected a delt-pito to
tlielr temperance convention.
"Elizabeth Cndy Stnnton. with her matchless
state papers. Glorious Susan ft. Anthony whose
Indomltnhlo will kept things stirring for 10 yenrs
nnd more. And greatest of them nil. with bai
transcendent gifts Anna Hovrcrd haw. '
af g IIi: possibilities of the nlr-
I plane In preventing and
J fighting forest fires nre
" very clenrly shown In a
picture of an nlrplnnc dying over the
crater of the sleeping volcano Lassen
In California taken by another nlr-
plnne photographing the one below"
said Senator George E. Chamberlain
of Oregon the other dny In n debate
In tho senate over an appropriation
Item In the sundry civil bill.
Well tho picture to which he re-
ferred Is given herewith. And It Is
lucky for the nvlators from Mather
Field California that they were not
doing tlielr peeking net a week or so
later. Lassen Peak which had been
sleeping for months suddenly waked
sent up columns of smoke nnd steam
for thirty minutes and then settled
down for another nap.
Lassen Peak Is tho crowning touch
of Lassen Volcanic National pork. It
rises 10437 feet and its chief claim
to fame Is that It Is the only active
volcano In the United States proper.
Our national park system contains
five volcanic parks: Lasen Volcanic
Crater Lake Mount Itataler Yellow-
stone nnd Hnwall. Crater Lake National
park In Oregon contains the most won-
derful lake In all tho world that In
the crater of Mount Mnzama. n 10000-
foot volcano that sank within Itself
In the prehistoric past. Mount Rain-
ier 14150 feet In altitude. Is a dor-
mant volcano with steam Jets Issuing
from vents In Its Icy crown. Yellow-
stono's volcanic origin Is shown by
Its geysers the finest In the world
and Its boiling springs pools nnd paint
pots. Hawaii In the Hnwnllan Is-
lands has three of the most Impres-
sive volcanoes In the world Maunn
Lo.i which erupts every ten yenrs nnd
bus Just finished n spectacular per-
formance; Kllnuea with Its everlast
ing lake of molten lava nnd Hnlenknln
which has not erupted for 200 yenrs
nnd bns n crater eight miles ncross
nnil 3000 feet deep.
Lassen Peak until recently has been
quiet for 200 jears. It Is. however
so Interesting and Importnnt scien-
tifically nnd so scenic thnt President
Tnft made It a national monument In
1000. Then In the spring of 1014 It
waked up from Its 2uig sleep nnd
broke out in a series of eruptions
that were practically continuous. In
August. 1010. congress created tho
peak nnd 124 square miles of Its en-
vironment the Lassen Volcanic Na-
tional park. Four months later les-
sen ceased nctlvlty with Its 212th
eruption. The crater gradually cool-
ed off and srlenthts predicted that
It would not resume operations for a
long time.
Tho nctlvlty of Lassen aroused great
Interest all over the nation; it was
the first thing of the kind In our his-
tory. The spectacle wns magnificent
because of the heavy columns of
smoke. Hy March of 1015 lava had
filled the crater nnd had overflowed
the west slope for a thousand feet.
May 22 was the climax of the many
eruptions. A great mass of smoke
mushroom-shaped rose four miles In-
to tho air. At night with this mass
of t-mokc nnd vapor lighted by the
crater fires the spectacle was Impres-
sive. An exceedingly Interesting phe-
nomenon was n blnst of superheated
gas that swept down the vnlleys of
Lost and Hot creeks. This blast de-
stroyed every living thing In Its path
for ten tulles. Forests were scorched
to cinders. Snow fields wero Instant-
ly turned to water und the 'lower vnl-
leys were Hooded.
Lassen Peak the scientists seem to
think Is the last exhibit of activity
In the volcnnlsm of the Cascade range.
They say that In ancient duys the
mighty peaks of the Cascades that nro
now crowned with snow nnd Ice were
monster volcanoes. Mount Rainier
Mount Haker Mount Adams Mount
St. Helens Mount Shasta and van-
ished Mount "Maznma.
Lassen Volcanic whether It sleeps
or wakes. Is an attractive national
park with great possibilities ns n peo
ple's playground. It contains several
other fair-sized mountains and a 7-000-feet
symmetrical heap of volcanic
material called Cinder Cone. It has
large forests and fine lakes nnd
have n local reputation as baths. Con-
gress with Its usual lack of policy
created this park without npproprl-
ntlng money for Its Improvement. The
Cnllfornlnns have tired waiting for an
appropriation through the regular
channels and one 6t their representa-
tives recently Introduced n bill for a
speclnl appropriation for the Improve-
ment nnd development of the park.
The two airplanes which co-operated
In the tnklng of this striking pic-
ture were pntrollng National park and
tiia national forests on the lookout
for forest fires. There are forests
public nnd private In this part of the
West valued nt many hundreds of
millions of dollars. Last year G.S00
fires were started In the national for-
ests. Approximately 2000000 acres
were burned over with a loss of about
$4000000. In nddltlon It cost the
federal government about $3000000 to
fight these fires. Senator Chamber-
lain argues that airplane patrol Is a
necessity ns moving observers can dis-
cover fires which would be long hidden
from stationary observers.
ONCE GREAT PORT MORIBUND
American Consul Describes Hamburg
Former Pride of Germany as
a "Graveyard."
nnmburg today may be described ns
nn imposing monument to the dend
glories of the German morchnnt ma-
rine according to Consul General
Francis It. Stewart who wns detailed
by the American commission In Rer-
un to Investigate conditions nt the for-
mer premier German port for thnt
body. A report from Mr. Stewnrt de-
tailing the results of his Inquiry has
Just reached the department of com-
merce. "A short trip through the harbor
quickly discloses what n graveyard the
port bns become" the consul reported.
"Tugs nnd lighters nre tied up here
nnd there nppnrently forgotten. One-
small cruiser ?sts deserted along a
pier; electric "runes are motionless on
unused docks floating elevntors and
docks are moored In rows probobly In
readiness for delivery to the allies.
"The glnnt Rlsmarck (50000-ton
Hamburg-American liner) flonts nt a
flttlng-out pier without n sign on board
nnd from a launch no. new work could
be seen In any of the big shipyards.
Tied up to another pier In the outer
harbor Is the former Atlantic record-
holder the steamship Deutschland rel-
ic of the war painted n deep black
overall with spots of white showing
here nnd there where passing craft
have scraped her sides n grim remind-
er of tho glories once held by the Ger-
man merchant fleets."
Regular service Is being mnlntnlned
with Holland England nnd North
Amerlcn nnd lines were nbout to start
sendee for Spain nnd South America
but the "free port" Is apparently dead
Mr. Stewart reported.
Political Shirkers In China.
An object lesson In the practical In-
terest which the Chinese (or some of
them) do not Inke In municipal affairs
Is provided by n correspondent to tho
Cnnton Times. The writer describes
progress which has been mnde In a
southern village solely through the
enterprise of n few lending men.
Among other new projects this com-
mittee Is desirous of establishing n fire
bNgnile Inylng out a public park nnd
playground and appointing n "paid
clerk" of public works. Hut the vll-
Inge community Is not enthusiastic.
Many nre Indifferent nnd will not nt-
tend the meetings. "It Is enough to
make the earnest cold-hparted" de-
clares thu Ecrlbe quoted.
Aiming to Please.
"Some eople are playing the stock
market on suggestions culled from
the oulja board."
"Good enough" sold the broker
"No troublo to put In a few ouUs.
boards."
Is It All-Woolt
Anybody can tell whether material
Is all-wool or not says the Little
Journal by boning a sample of It
In a solution of caustic soda. What-
ever portloas do not dUnolve are nut
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The Beaver Herald (Beaver, Okla.), Vol. 33, No. 4, Ed. 1, Thursday, June 24, 1920, newspaper, June 24, 1920; Beaver, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc69313/m1/2/: accessed April 25, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.