The Beaver Herald (Beaver, Okla.), Vol. 33, No. 2, Ed. 1, Thursday, June 12, 1919 Page: 2 of 10
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: Oklahoma Digital Newspaper Program and was provided to The Gateway to Oklahoma History by the Oklahoma Historical Society.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
5 t? - f
-
(W
" a Ti
a
s
i
st
M
it
THE BEAVER HERALD BEAVER OKLAHOMA
iH
i
SIMPLE METHODS OUTLINED FOR MIXING
FERTILIZERS AND FORMULAS IN FAVOR
POULTRY RAISERS SHOULD CONFINE ALL
MALE BIRDS WHEN HATCHING SEASON ENDS
J
ft
rbbbptSA Tsaw as assasss sbs Tisbbbbbbe
OgKITCMENli!
kH1''
ffll
B!
t
r.
u
in.
I
fS
p
w
Itf
IVit
All the Equipment Necessary for Successful Home Mixing of Fertilizer.
(PreDarei by tho Untied fitates Depart
nent of Agriculture )
Home mixing of fertilizer materials
1m cheaper than bu)lng rcndy-uitxed
fertilizers. Tho sitting nries from
time to time according to fertilizer
experts of tlio United States depart-
ment of agriculture but tho balance
Is always on tlio side of home mixing
nnd Js usually substantial. Also the
home-mixed fertilizer Is frequently
better than the rendy-inlxcd ones. A
retail price for example of a 2-8-2
mixture quoted furmcrs In Janunry
11)10 at Washington O. C. was $52
n ton. Acid phosphato can bo pur-
chased In tho samu locality for ?22
n"? on government nltrato of sodn for
$81 a ton plus freight and potash
for M.25 a unit In large lots. At
these figures tho phosphoric ncld In
a ton of home-mixed fertilizer would
cost less than $10 tho nitrogen $10.25
and the potash $3.50 n total of $33.75
h difference In fnvor of home mixing.
If $3.25 a ton Is allowed for mixing
ami other charges tho saving Is $15
a ton. Koch cxtrn unit of potash will
cost only $4.23 as against $0 charged
tho farmer by tho deafer the nitro-
gen alsjo being obtained for less than
tho dealer charges. An extra 3 per
cent of potash bringing the formula
tip to J 5 per cent will Increase the
profit a ton for homo mixing $0.23.
i Mixing I Simple.
The fixing of materials Is compare-
.tlvely tslmple. Any tight floor or n
wagon! box inay be used and tools at
hand may be employed. Tho materials
are' spread In layers usually the most
. bulky first and thoroughly shoveled
together. Tho mixture Is pnssed
tlirniiffh a screen nnd lumDS arc
Vbroken up with o tamper or tho back
i&kok.a shovel.
B MVri
"Arfonnrtmi'n unnHnllKf unen a Inrcc
T lonif handled mortar boo for mixing
and some will find this n convenient
tool but Its purchnso especially for
this purposo Is' not necessary. Where
largo nmounts nro to bo mixed It
would probably pny to buy a small
rolary mixer such as Is sold for con-
crete mixing on tho fnrm. Tho mixing
SOME SIMPLE FORMULAS
(Prepared by the Unltod States De-
partment of Agriculture)
Tho following formulas nro
recommended by the department
of agriculture to farmers mix-
ing their own fertilizers:
rounds.
Cottonseed meal .
Acta phosphate (II per cent) 1000
Total 2.0W
Approximate analysis 3 per
cent nitrogen (N). 7 per cent
phosphoric acid (P.O.) and 1 per
cent potnsh (K.O.).
The foregoing sometimes Is
recommended ns n general fer-
tilizer where quick action Is not
essential.
rounds.
Add phosphate (It par cent) 1W)
Qround bone l.Ow
Total oW
Approximate nnnlysls 13 per
cent I'0 and 1 to 2 per cent N.
This ns Is seen contains no
potash nnd only a small mnount
of nitrogen. For clay soils rich
In potnsh where plenty of ma-
nure has been used the forego-
ing mixture will be found ;ood.
Pounds.
Nitrate of soda M0
Sulphate of ammonia 200
Klah scrap 400
Acid phosphate 1000
Sulphato of potash 100
Tho npproxlmato analysis of
above material Is 5 per cent ni-
trogen (N) 8 per cent phosphor-
ic ncld (IiO) and 5 per cent
potash (K0).
This Is n good garden fertil-
izer having nitrogen In differing
degrees of availability.
MAKE-UP OF POULTRY FLOCK
Each Individual Should Show Vigor
and Strength Pullets From
Layers Preferable.
(Prepared by the United States Depart-
ment of Acrlculture )
Ecry Individual In the home poul-
try flock should shov vigor nnd
mrength. SIzo (not fat) crcctness
activity bright eye and red comb are
futornhle points Indicating good con-
Ktltutlon. Drooping tnll or wing weak-
ened legs head and neck not erect
denote weakness. Pullets bred from
good layers uro preferable. A good
layer will be a hearty feeder and
usually a vigorous worker.
should bo continued until the mnterlal
Is line and uniform nnd then It may
be bagged nnd stored In n dry plnco
until used.
To avoid caking and losses certain
Ingredients should not bo used to-
gether In tho same mixture.
Start Home Mixing.
One of the easiest ways to start
home mixing Is to duplicate a formula
already In use. A beginner should
tnkc n mlxturo which tins been suc-
cessfully used on the crop ho Is rais-
ing on similar soil get a price on tho
mixed goods and then seo what o
homo mixture of similar composition
will cost
A general rule to uso In mnklng up
formulas Is first to decldo what per-
centages are required and then what
materials shall1 be used. Start with
tho phosphoric acid d'0). Acid phos-
phate Is almost universally used for
this. With 12 per cent goods nnd 8
per cent of phosphoric acid desired In
tho mixture tho reasoning would be ns
follows: If the wliolo mlxturo wero
acid phosphate It would contain 12
per cent; ns 8 per cent Is dedred tnko
eight-twelfths or two-thirds of the mlx-
turo of acid phosphato or 1222 pounds;
If 0 per cent Is wanted tnko six-
twelfths or one-hnlf or 1000 pounds
In n ton. Slmllnrly with nitrogen. If
nltrnto of soda contains 15.05 per cent
of nitrogen nr.d 2 per cent of nitrogen
Is wanted' 215 05 or approximately
one-eighth of tho mlxturo or 250
pounds In a ton will be tho amount.
Similarly with potash. If tho farmer
has Nebraska potnsh salts carrying 22
per cent of potash and desires 2 per
cent la tho mixture ho puts In two
twenty-seconds or one-eleventh of this
material giving approximately 182
pounds In 1 ton.
Any other material may bo used in
a similar manner. It Is not necessary
to bo exact down to tho fraction of n
percent as fertilizer application Is not
an exact science and a slight mistake
In tho calculation usually will not
enuse loss In tho agricultural valuo
of tho mixture.
SUPPLY OF EFFICIENT LABOR
Farmers Demand Men Who Have Had
Experience and Know How to Work
Loafers Not Wanted.
(Prepared by the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture)
To secure maximum production
from our Jfnrms It Is necessary to
hnve n large supply of efficient labor.
Fanners 'jfcmnnd men who hnvo had
fnrm experience and who know how
to do farm work.
Farmers do not want men who nro
now loafing In the cities nnd nro unfit
for work. They nre not willing to
turn oer vnlunblo horses and machin-
ery to be overworked and Injured by
cnnles worthless fellows who seel:
tho fnrm more ns n placo to got good
meals and a bed than to render serv-
ice. Successful fanning Is not an acci-
dent. Tractors aro tho Dusy Derthas of
agriculture.
Hoots are especially vnlunblo In
times when corn crop torcnsllago falls.
Tho simplest method of killing
weeds and maintaining a soil mulch 1
by cultivation.
Illch soil nnd plenty of room nro
needed for tho best development of
sweet pens.
There nro now on the market trac-
tors which nro built better for one con-
dition than another.
If the first crop of clover Is cut for
hny tho second crop should bo cut for
seed as It makes excellent seed.
Tho difference between success nnd
fnllure In corn growing Is mensured
by whether or not tho seed la tested.
Two cabbage heads nre better tha
one nnd twenty nro better still. A
warm rich soil Is needed for early
cabbages.
Is It well with the well 7 Unhappily
some farm wells receive drainage so
that they would seem more of a suc-
cess as a cesspool.
Tho welfare of the family Is largely
In the hands of the one who provides
the three meals a day.
While many things contribute to
health sleep fresh air and exercise
for Instanco-the foremost considera-
tion Is food This Is recognised today
ns never before and those who regard
their own welfare and desire to give
their children the best possible eo.ulp-
ment for the stress of modern life
are asking how to choose food wisely.
Mary Swnrtz Hose.
QUICK DESSERTS FROM CANNED
FRUIT.
Cnnned peaches penrs nnd plncap-
plo mnko Ideal desserts and they nlso
net In salads with
as pleasing results.
Whipped crenm Is
thetisunl well-liked
accompaniment but
with uono at hand
n white of egg bent-
en stiff one tnhle-
spootiful of sugar
st!(K-ri. nnd tho
mashed pulp of n banana moke an-"
other good snuce. This should not
stand ns tho banana will turn dark.
Peaches and Cream. Place upon
each serving pinto a ronnd of sponge
cake nnd on top of each hollow side
up placo n peach. Poup over enough
Juice to slightly moisten tho cake then
heap on top of tho peach a spoonful of
sweetened whipped cream flavored
with almond. Garnish with a cube of
Jelly.
Raspberry Foam. Cook two heaping
tcaspoonfuls of minute tapioca In one
pint of raspberry Julco until tbo tapi-
oca Is clear; add n pinch of salt and
sugar If needed ; rcmovo from tho Arc
nnd while hot fold In n stiffly beaten
egg white. Serve cold with cream.
Pineapple Whip. Mix together one
cupful of shredded plneairplo one cup-
ful of rlco nnd ono-half cupful of
sugar; less If the pineapplo la sweet
Whip a half cupful of cream and fold
In lightly. Serve In sherbet cups and
gnrntsh with a cherry.
Blackberry Loaf. IJrlng to the bolt-
ing point ono qunrt of blackberries.
Place In a serving dish or mold squares
of cake ; pour over sotno of tho berries
then placo another layer of cako and
co j or with the berries until tho dish Is
full. Cover with a plate and place a
weight upon. Let stand sovetnl hours.
When cold turn and sllco evenly. Servo
with crenm. .j
Cnnned cherries make a most deli-
cious dessert using ono cupful of flour
a little salt and a toaspoonful of baking
powder with milk to mnko a drop bat-
ter. Drop In buttered cups add a gen-
erous spoonful of cherries then add
more batter. Set cupa In boiling water
nnd cook covered 15 minutes. Servo
with cream nnd sugar.
MAPLE SUGAR DAINTIES.
Wo can't nil own n sugnr bush but
we may In many of our states procuro
tho delicious maple su-
gar nnd sirup at this sea-
son of tho year. When
using maplo sugar In
place of tho ordinnry
granulated a little less
Is required
Maple Junket Take
one quart of fresh milk
ndd n Junket tablet
(which has been dis
solved In a tablespoonful of water) to
tho milk after It has been warmed to
lukewarm thoroughly dissolve nnd
stir In the Junket add one-half cupful
of mnplo sugnr n tobleitpoonful of va-
nilla nnd pour Into glasses to set
When (Inn set on Ice to chill. Serve
with grated mnplo sugnr and chopped
nuts over tho top of tho sherbet cups.
Maple Parfalt Tako one cupful of
maplo sirup and when balling hot
pour over four wctl-benten eggs vory
slowly. Cook for a few minutest then
cool and add a pint of thin cream.
Freezo until mushy tlien mid tho stiff-
ly beaten whiten and when well
mixed pack In Ice and salt to finish
freezing.
Maple Tapioca. Oook three table-
spoonfuls of tapioca ami a half-cupful
of raisins In a pint of milk for 15 min-
utes. Remove from tho heat and add
a cupful of mnplo sirup and the beaten
yolks of two eggs; reheat and cook
slowly until thick ; cool and fold In the
beaten whites of the eggs. Servo with
crenm.
Maple Candy. Tnko a pound of ma
plo sugar and a pint of rich milk or
thin cream; cook until a soft ball Is
made when a drop Is cooled In water.
Flavor with vanilla add a cupful of
pecans and pour out Into a greased
pan to cool. Mark off In squares be-
fore It becomes too firm.
Royal Family Names.
Members of tho royal families have
no iraninmc that Is no family name
such ns ordinary people are known by.
There Is a good deal of discussion on
the subject nnd Mr. C'oknyne an au-
thority says that tho prevolllng Idea
that the family name of the house of
Hanover to which Queen Victoria be-
longed was Quelph may be dismissed
as absurd that having been the Chris-
tian namo of a medteva-1 dukt of Ba-
varia whoso sister In 1040 married
the marquess of Este and It Is from
that couple that tbe house of Uanover
descended. Hence d'Ete ecmes near-
est to being tho maiden name of Queen
Victoria.
aaaW -w...C. g
Our men have died to make the
world safe for democracy. Let our
women live for It. work for It making
It not only safe but btter than It ever
was before. C. P. Oilman.
SEASONABLE DISHES.
We nro still expected to uso frugal-
ity In tho senlng of ment sugnr and
fats for tho demand
oorsens will uso nil It Is
possible for us to spare.
Use rnlslns and sne
sugnr.
Steamed Raisin Pud-
ding. Into a bowl put n
PHcknge of seeded nnd
ono package of seedless
rnlslns ndd n cupful of flour nnd one
pound of finely chopped suet two cup-
fuls of breadcrumbs one cupful of
grated maple sugar one-half teaspoon-
ful of salt otic-half pound of candled
orango peeling chopped fine; one ten-
spoonful of grated nutmeg the grated
rind and Juice of a lemon three eggs
well beaten ono tcaspoonful of bak-
ing powder and ono nnd one-hnlf cup-
ful of milk. Mix thoroughly nnd turn
Into n well-greased mold steam stead-
ily eight hours. Serve with any sweet
snuce.
Strawberry Whip. Mix one cupful
of crushed strawberries with one-third
cupful of powdered sugar or moro If
needed to sweeten. Beat the whites
of three eggs until stiff add a third of
a cupful of sugnr and one-quarter of a
tcaspoonful of crenm of tartar; beat
again. Comblno the mixtures nnd
serve In sherbet cups or as a sauce on
spongo cake.
Calves' Liver. Cut calves' liver
Into slices parboil In boiling wnter
two minutes drain and roll In flour.
Drop Into a well-greased frying pan
and cook until brown on one side then
turn ami brown on tho other. Servo
with bacon well cooked whfch may be
fried In the pan and the fat used to
cook the liver.
Apples Stuffed With Ralslna Wash
core and remove tho pulp from a
dozen smooth apples leaving a half-
Inch shell to hold tho filling. Put two
cupfuls of apple pulp and two cupfuls
of raisins through a meat chopper add
one raWespoonfnl of lemon Juice.
Stuff tho applo shells and place In a
baking dish with ono cupful each of
water and maple sirup. Bake until
tender.
Three things to delight in beauty
frankness and well doing.
Three things to avoid Idleness lo-
quacity and flippant Jesting.
Three things to cultivate good taste
good manners and good humor.
COMMON FOODS.
To havo our dishes wholesome and
nourishing and attractive enough to
look good enough to eat
nnd at tho same tlruc
economical Is tho thing
wo aro all striving for
these days.
8hepherd's Pie. Put
any leftover moat
through tho meat grind-
er season well with
grated onion salt celery
salt and pepper with sotno of tlio
gravy loft from tho roast or any
brown sauce will do. Flavor with a
little Worcestershire sauce turn Into
n baking dish nnd cover with a layer
of freshly mashed fluffy potatoes.
Brush over tho top with a llttlo fat
and brown In tho oven. Servo hot In
tho baking dish.
Beef Tongue en Casserole. Wash a
fresh beef tongue thoroughly cover
with boiling salted wnter and simmer
gently for an hour or two until tho
meat Is tender. Ileinove tho skin nnd
unedlNo portions. Any bits of tho
trimmings may bo saved for hash.
Place In a casserolo with a cupful each
of carrot celery and n small onion
with a sprig or two of parsley. Thick-
en tho stock with flour nnd butter
cooked togetlier using a tablespoon-
ful of eacli pour over the ment nnd
place In n moderate ovctt; uncover af-
ter the first hour of cooking. For those
who llko a sour sauce vinegar chop-
ped pickles or horseradish may be
used.
Egg In Ohlcken Jelly. Make th
Jelly by skinning a few pairs of chick
feet and cooking them for several
hours In wnter to cover starting with
cold water. Strain season the broth
well and before It gets too thick pour
ovor sliced hard-cooked eggs In a mold.
Unmold and serve with salad dressing
on lettuce.
Not Plnckneys Words.
"Millions f or y defense but not ono
cent for tribute." Is attributed to
Charles Cotesworth Plnckney. When
John Jny In 1700 made his famous
treaty with England which threaten-
ed to Involve tho United States lu war
with France the directory would aot
receive the American ambassador but
Intimated Utat tho matter might b
settled by tire payment of a certain
aim. Plnckney Indignantly answered
with the above phrase. It Is said
however that long afterward Plnck-
ney was asked If be had ever said
it and be replied: ."No my answtr
was not a flourish like that bat susv
ply 'Net a peany not a Reooyr
! I g isvra ismssif pWj &&? -gvt3fjts4M i xTaWTi vjSftafi
SSfc wT vBBaaFjBbBM sfelBSaaaaaavS'' tLLen?! VVv l Jv.
fL" EBBsBM "sbbP1 ' Masr "Has-j-jf Jte bsbbbCX.
Confine Male Fowls Except During Breeding Season for Benefit of Egg
Industry.
(Prepared by the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture)
A had egg tasted Is a good egg
wasted to tho extent that Madam
Hen often Is criticized where she
should be eulogized. Industriously
the hen works to lay an egg a day
and other conditions being equal the
egg as produced is as nearly a perfect
food product ns fowl Ingenuity can
make It If the hen Is properly fed.
If tho nests aro clean If the eggs are
gathered twice dally stored In a cool
dry room or cellar and delivered to
the city consumer In prime condition
tho consumer grins appreciation as he
breakfasts on shirred eggs of match-
less market quality.
On tho 'other hand. If tho roosters
aro allowed to run with tho flock after
tho batching season If the hens aro
not properly nnd regularly fed. If the
nests are dirty and crowded If the
eggs nro gathered only onco every oth-
er day and If thereafter tho eggs are
stored In warm. Ill-ventilated quar-
ters and If marketing Is deferred un-
til enough eggs have collected to fill
a crate the city consumer usually
grunts disgust and shouts for a gns
mask when the eggs appear opposite
him at tho table.
Bad Eggs Preventable.
Bad eggs are not the result of acci-
dent; they are exomplcs of neglect
slovenly management and shlftless-
ness. It is Just as easy to produce and
market good Quality eggs as It Is to
offend consumers with stale fertile
eggs. Farmers lose approximately
$30000000 a year from bad methods
of producing and handling eggs. One-
"FOOTPRINT" MARKS
TO IDENTIFY FOWLS
Farmers Should Avoid Confusion
by Marking Chicks.
System Outlined Offers Practical
Means of Identification as Effi-
cient as Bertlllon 8ystem of
Recording Criminals.
(Prepared by the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture.)
It Is a practlco of some poultry-
men and farmers to maintain old hens
In tho flock and to cull tho younger
hens and pullets' becauso of the diffi-
culty In distinguishing between she
birds after tho pullets havo matured.
Farmers should avoid such confusion
by marking the young chicks In the
web of tho foot with a toe' punch be-
fore they are transferred to tho brood-
er or tho brood coop. A systom such
ns the following offers practical means
of Identification for chickens:
The bird without any holes punched
In the web of either foot should be
known ns No. 1; Ho. 2 has a punch
mark In tho right half of the right
foot; No. 3 bears a mark In the left
of the right foot; No. 4 shows a mark
In the right side of the left foot; No.
5 a similar mark In th6 left half of the
left foot; No 8 bears marks In both
sldea of the right foot while No. 7
carries similar marks In both sldea
of the left foot Bird No. 8 Is Identi-
fied by a mark In the left side of
the right foot nnd another on tha right
side of the left foot while No. 0 Is
known by a mark In tbe right tide
of the right foot and tho left sld? of
the left foot; No. 10 shows a mark
In tho left side of the right foot and
tho left side of the left foot while No.
11 Is marked on the right side of tha
right foot and the left side of the
4f-tit fnnt.
This system of marking may be con
tinued Indefinitely accorarog to me
Ingenuity of tho Individual poultryman
In mapping out n footprint schedule.
It provides means of Identification for
fowl ns efficient as the Bertlllon sys-
tem of fingerprint records of crimi-
nals. MEDIUM FOR FEEDING SWAPS
Dry Mash Provides Suitable Means of
Providing Meat Necessary for
Poultry Flock.
(Prepared by the United States Depart-
meat ot Acrlculture.)
Tbe dry mash provides a suitable
medium for feeding beef scraps a cer-
tain amount of which may or may net
bo necessary depending upon tha
amount of meat scraps available la
tabic waste feed.
third of this loss Is preventable be-
causo It Is due to partial hatching of
fcrtllo eggs which have been allowed
to become warm enough to begin to
Incubate.
The rooster makes the egg 'fertile
while tlio fertilized egg produces the
blood ring which Is tho partial de-
velopment of tho chick. The rooster
does not increase egg production; he
merely fertilizes the germ of the egg
and hence he should be allowed to run
with the flock only during the hatch-
ing season.
Heat the Enemy of Eggs.
Summer heat has the same effect on
fertile eggs as the hen or Incubator.
The fertile germ In hot weather
quickly develops Into a blood ring
which spoils tho egg for food or mar-
kot purposes neat Is tho great en-
emy of eggs both fertile and Infertile.
On this account specialists of tho
United States department of agricul-
ture urge poultry producors In warm
weather to keep nests clean and to
provide ono nest for every four fowls
In order that the nest will not be used
top often and soil tho eggs; to gather
the eggs twice dally; to keep the eggs
In a cool dry room or cellar ; f o mar-
ket the eggs at least twlco a week
nnd to pen or dispose of all roosters
as soon as tho hatching season Is
over
Hens Isolated on range and pasture
from the male birds produce Infertile
eggs of desirable market quality. In
general about two weeks after the
roosters are removed from the flock
the hens will again yield Infertile eggs.
r&rrfrfrtWrfrtHHHrftft6Mrfrfrra
DUCKS FOR MARKET
(Prepared by the United States De-
partment ot Agriculture.)
Ducklings to bo marketed
should bo fattened for two
weeks before killing on a ration
f'J.59? three jjmrts by Wflch
cornmeol two parts of mid-
dlings ono part of bran one-
hnlf part of beef scrap with
three per cent grit nnd ten per
cent green feed tfdded to this
mash or a mash ot thrco parts
cornraenl ono part low-grado
wheat flour ono part bran one-
fourth part beef Bcrap with tho
green feed anil crrlt nnd throa
j per cent oyster shell added. Feed
u this mash thi-no tlmn Anv iAr.
Ing all tho ducklings will clean
up In a half hour. Tho green
feed Is sometimes left out of
tho ration during the last seven
days of fattening' as It tends to
color the meat and may produce
a slightly flabby rather than firm
flesh; however It Is easier to
keep tho ducklings In good feed-
ing condition on a mash contain-
ing green feed.
wwwwwwffgttJWByspya
a vf
Keep the house dry at all times
Have your birds as nearly alike la
color and shape as possible.
Toons; chicks should not be fed from
24 to 36 hours after hatching.
see
More chicks are killed by Improper
feeding than die from other causes.
e
Never breed from a half-grown male
bird and expect high vitality In your
chicks.
i
Turkeys like other stock or poultry
must be kept clean healthy nnd happy
to thrive '
Have the male strong" In points
where the females are weakest and
vice versa.
e
Breed only from stock with high vl
Utlty which never has been affected
by disease.
Proper warmth and 'proper feeding
are the two main essentials in tha
early life of tbe baby chick
I '
A good first feed for little turkeys
llttla chicks little duellings and little
goslings Is statement aot moldy or
musty bread moistened with freshly'
soured milk
PtffflftWf
1
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
The Beaver Herald (Beaver, Okla.), Vol. 33, No. 2, Ed. 1, Thursday, June 12, 1919, newspaper, June 12, 1919; Beaver, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc69261/m1/2/: accessed April 24, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.