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USE CARE WITH ACID SILAGE
Plan of Feeding to Keep Cows In Good
Physical Condition and Induce
Good Work In Dairy.
A Rood deal of corn la put Into tlio
silo ovcry year before It Is proporly
mnturcd. This year tills Is particu-
larly true Knrly frost or fear of bo-
lng ovortnken by It has Induced
many farmers to cut their corn wlillo
It had little hut stalks tlio cars being
quite undovoloped. This often makes
acid sllaga and cowb do not do as well
on It as I hoy would on well-matured
corn.
Where a man linn to feed this kind
of cnsllago ho ought to bo careful not
to glvo too much at a feeding. A
small ration of this tender corn will
bo eaten with great relish thcro being
practically no waste To balanco tho
ration and furnish a satisfying meal
thcro should bo as much hay given ns
tho cows will cat up clean not at tho
name tlmo ns tho cnsllago Is fed but
nt another tlmo of dny. Then too
somo ground feed will go very well
to supplement still further tho unbal-
anced ration provided In tho corn.
This should not bo especially loxa-
tlvo In Its nature; tho cows aro get
ting laxative food enough In tho en
silage. Cornmcal seems a good feed;
or ground oats mnko n rich ration.
Such a plan of feeding ought to keep
tho cows In good physical condition
nnd cnablo them to do good work In
tlio dairy.
FEEDING CALVES SOUR MILK
Experiment of Department of Agricul-
ture Shows Scours Are Due to
Uncleanly Conditions.
Dy recent oxpcrlmcnt tho depart-
' ment of agriculture seems to show
that scours aro not duo to sour milk
but to uncleanly conditions. If tho
milk Is not allowed to stand for any
great length of tlmo and not allowed
to bocomo unclean It Is ns nourishing
to tho young calf as sweet skim milk
nnd ns rapid gains wcro mado In ono
caso ns In tho other.
It was further shown thnt sudden
changes from sweet to sour nnd from
sour to sweet mado no apparent
chango In tho calf although tho calf
was only a few days old. It was
found by oxpcrlmcnt howovcr thnt
sour milk docs not provo so favorable
in winter as In summer.
GUERNSEYS GIVE MOST MILK
Average Butterfat Test Will Not
Range as High as Jerseys There
Is No Best Breed.
It is qulto probablo that J I'-msoys
will averago a llttlo largci n milk
production than Jerseys but tl.- ay-
crago fat test will not rnngo quito ns
high. As to which breed produces
tho most butterfat that Is a conten-
High-Producing Guernsey Cow.
tlon wo must leavo with breed enthu-
siasts says n writer In nn exchange
Considerable proof can bo ndduced
by both sides but in tho final analysis
tho question resolves Itself into a
cholco of Individuals within tho breed
nnd their development duo considera-
tion bolng given to tho buyer's per-
sonal preferences nnd opportunities
of purchase of good Individuals.
Wo would hcsltnto to dlsposo of n
good producing herd of ono breed nnd
roplaco it with another without giving
tho matter most careful thought. Tho
disposition of tho milk tho prices tho
surplus nnlmals will bring nnd tho
cost of making tho chango should bo
fully considered.
RECORD KEEPING PAYS WELL
Everything Mutt Be Determined In
Light of Scales Babcock Test and
Cost of Production.
Deforo tho results of modern hord
records were known dairy cattle
wcro admitted to tho herd books nnd
bought and Fold chiefly on their out-
ward appearances. There was no
standard by which to determine tho
relation of form to production. A
nlco-Iooklng cow was the ono which
brought tho most money. What con-
ctltutcd bucIi n cow was largoly a mat-
tor of opinion or prejudice
Wi(h tho Introduction of herd rec-
ords opinions camo to bo valued In
direct proportion to ono'B understand-
ing of tho relation of form to produc-
tion. Everything must be determined
in tho tight of the scales tho Ilabcock
test and the cost of milk production.
uuiiLiLLiisiiiiiiKLO
D
GOOD BIRDS ARE ESSENTIAL TO PROFITS
" " ' '"- m gin n m i.-iiiwii ii iiiiu iJ
Excellent Specimen of
In turkny-rnlslng oven moro than
with chickens or most other kinds of I
poultry good birds ara essential to
good profits. To mako scrubs pay rn'oro
than a minimum is nlmost Impossible
About tho only plnco whero ono can
succeed with mcdlocro turkoys Is in
spanoly-settlcd country whero a few
hens or small flocks of below-average
turkoys ranging for themselves In a
wild stato cost their owners little or
nothing and nt tho end of tho season
bring In a llttlo more returning a
small sum on an outlay of a still
smaller sum.
Yet tho overwhelming majority of
turkoy-ralscru appear to bo content to
start with very averago birds and al-
WINTER CARE FOR CHICKENS
Badly Ventilated House Is Always
Damp Sour Milk Is Excellent
Food for the Fowls.
Most poultrymcn feed oats in ono
form or nnother to their birds. Wo
regard wholo oats as dangerous when
fed to youngsters.
A badly ventilated poultry house Is
nlways damp from tho breath of fowls
if nothing else
Millions of gallons of-sour milk aro
thrown away ovory day In splto of
tho fact that It makes tho very Cost
food for fowls.
It Is a great mlstako to Inbrned too
closoly a. eggs nro apt to bo weak In
fertility. Hotter introduce a now cock
nt least ovory threo ycais and bo suro
ho Is a good one
In buying n cock bird always select
ono that shows every sign of mas-
culinity good fighting qualltlos and
all. Tho drono Is useless.
Now Is tho tlmo to buy your breed-
ing birds for next spring. Hotter se-
lect them In tho yard than in tho
pen nt tho poultry show unless you
aro an expert.
SUPERIOR FEED FOR POULTRY
Dry Mash Made of Mixture of Several
Ground Grains With Meat Scraps
Is Recommended.
A good mash Is mado up ns follows:
Two parts of bran to ono part eich
of middlings commeal ground or
rolled oats meat scraps or cracklings
cut clover nil parts by weight. A dry
mash Is simply n mlxturo of several
ground grains with or without meat
scraps etc.
It Is best to feed It from n hopper
giving a small portion first thing In
tho morning then closing tho hopper
in order to keep tho fowls busy
scratching in tho litter for scratch
food.
Animal Food Is Essential.
Animal food. In somo form is neces-
sary. Fowls that nro confined to yards
do not havo tlio opportunity to get In-
sects worms etc. They should bo sup-
plied with nnlmnl food such as beef
scraps ground greon bono butchers'
cracklings etc. Ten per cent of nnl-
mnl food thrco times a week Is ad-
visable Causes of Bowel Troubles.
Tho strictly healthy fowls do not
havo bowel complaint. Looseness of
tho bowels In fowls Is simply an indi-
cation of Indigestion or derangement
of tho dlgcsttvo orgatiB.
Grow Sunflowers.
Many poultrymon recommend grow-
ing sunflowers in tho poultry ynrds.
Tho seeds are good feed for both
chlckd and older birds.
Securing Winter Eggs.
Winter eggs nro most successfully
secured by keeping small colonics.
Look After Water Supply.
Ho suro to keep plenty of pure fresh
water beforo tho hens.
Bronze Turkey Cock.
low tho quality of their flocks to drop
a littlo lower season after season
through careless handling Inbreeding
Belling o ft tho largest and best-grown
birds for market and so on.
Good stock does not necessarily
mean show-room stock. Nor does It
mean necessarily expenslvo stock
though of course as n general rule
ono has to pay In proportion for qual
ity. Good stock with turkoyi means
essentially good utility stock; if tho
show-room qualities aro superimposed
on these so much tho better but tho
utility points nro tho ones that will
bo round to count tho most In tho
long run. Tho most useful turkeys
aro tho strong alert hardy birds.
COMFORT IN POULTRY HOUSE
Even In Coldest Climate Artificial
Heat Is Not Necessary Hen
Deserves Attention.
Tho housing Is ono of tho Impor-
tant things In poultry keeping and It
Is comforting to think how It has been
simplified and how much less confine-
ment Is required.
Artificial heat is not necessary.
Even in tho coldest cliranto tho hens
are kept with their open houses and
tho best results aro obtained. With
plenty of dry litter on tho floor and
a dry mash in hoppers with somo
green food cut bono and a grain ra-
tion that is scattered in tho straw
on tho floor In order to stlmulato ac-
tivity nnd crento blood circulation
with good clear clean water that ia
of a temperuturo that Invites them to
drink freely ti-.e averago farm flock
will becomo far moro productlvo than
it has over been In tho past.
If tho farmers of this country would
pay a llttlo moro attention to tho hens
If they would put them on tho samo
basis that they havo their hogs
cnttlo and horses they would find
that tho result from tho flock taking
Into consideration tho amount of
money Invested would amply ropay
them for their work. Great honor is
duo to the farm hens of this country.
SERIOUS DISEASE OF FOWLS
Gangrene Will Pass From One to An
other Kill All First Casts and
Burn Them at Once.
Gnngrcno of tho crop Is n serious
dlscaso and will pass from bird to
bird. An offonslvo smell comes with
tho crop condition that causes gan-
grene Kill nil first cases and burn
them.
If thero nro several cases theso. If
not immediately killed must bo quar-
antined from tho well birds and fed
tho sulpho-cnrbolnto compound. The
runs nnd nil parts of tho poultry
houses must bo disinfected after the
departure of such birds.
Range Not Necessary.
Farm rnngo Is good but not neccs
snry to raise healthy and profitable
fowls. Many of the- most successful
poultry raisers havo only a vlllago lot.
Success may bo attained In a Braall
way as well ns on n larger scale.
Winter Sheds for Ducks.
Ducks prefer staying out In tholr
runs nil night nnd this is best for
thorn during tho summer season but
they nro bettor protected In woll-vontl-lated
sheds or houses during the win-
ter season.
Keep the Hens Busy.
Favor the hens but keep thMn rus-
tling nnd scratching. A chilly hen
Just standing around isn't doing much
laying.
Alert Hens Are Profitable.
Tho wldeawnko alert hens nro tha
ones thnt leave a ncnt profit between
their feed bill and the prico tho egg
basket brings.
mnm
VALUE OF GOOD FEATHERING
Improves Appearance of Turkeys At-
tracts Patrons and la Good
Advertising Feature.
Good feathering though not for a
moment to bo regarded with turkeys
as equal in Importance to vigor nnd
hardness Is valuable for thrco reasons
first becauso it improves tho np-
poaranco of tho flock attracting pa-
trons and not Infrequently proving a
good advertising feature; second be-
causo conformity to tho best show-
A Bronze Turkey.
room standards makes possible on
many occasions exceedingly profitable
stdo-salos of eggs and breeding stock;
third because thero is no better guldo
to tho best brooding than the limits
of a standard variety so that ono
avoids tho dangers of mongrel blood
by striving to "dovelop the very high-
est type of turkeys within the confines
of tho ono breed.
Ranking tho desirable characteris-
tics of tho best turkoys In tho order
of their importance might give a se-
quence somothlng like this: Hardi-
ness vigor immunity from dlscaso
quickness of growth alertness and In-
telligence bone and fromo shape size
feathering and tameness. Several of
those qualities are moro or less inter-
dependent hut tho list gives about the
right impression. Turkey stock that
Is prolific Is also to bo desired but
this quality is bo closely allied to
thoso first mentioned that it hardly
requires a separate listing.
TO INSURE GOOD EGG YIELD
Nothing of Greater Importance Than
Green Feed of Somtf Kind Hens
Relish Alfalfa.
Necessary as meat feeding Is to in-
suro a good egg yield it is no more
important than feeding some kind of
greon focd For this nothing is better
than cabbage small enough to be
eaten by tho hen in ono day. This
should bo hung up where tho birds
can peck at it without Jumping up.
Mangels or beets cut open and
placed on nails will usually bo eaten
greedily. Onions may bo cut up nnd
fed about twice a week though they
should not bo given for a day or two
boforo tho birds nro -to bo killed for
eating on account of the dlsagreo-
ablo flavor produced In the meat.
Hens though having n variety (if
grains and a proper amount of meat
will If deprived of green food fall off
in tholr egg yield. Cabbage or lettuco
loaves thrown looso on the feeding
floor will largely bo wasted ns tho
birds havo difficulty In tearing tho
pieces apart. Potatoes arc good poul-
try food but should be cooked as If
glvon raw they often cause dlgcstlvo
disturbances. If fed In excess they
aro found to bo too fattening.
Cut clover and alfalfa If steamed
nro not only green fceds but are
highly nitrogenous but they will not
altogether take the placo of vegeta-
bles. START IN POULTRY BUSINESS
Beginner Should Profit by Experience
of Those Ahead of Him Hen
Must Be Cared For.
Tho man who goes Into tho poultry
business should profit by all that has
been learned by thoso who wero in the
business ahead of htm and should not
try to tight It out nlong the samo lines
that were adopted by his predecessors
years ago.
Eggs like plants and animals are
not mado out of nothing. Tho hen is
a machine for making eggs. If tho mt-
chlno Is a good ono cared for and
proporly fed eggs may bo produced In
nbundanco at all seasons of tho year.
Keeping Profitable Fowls.
After n bird has its growth it is
not profltablo to keep it longer but
tho turkey and tho goose grow for
some time and tho flesh of a turkey
is really hotter a year old than it is
six months old. Still the market de-
mand Is for young stock. And th
market demand Is tho demand to bx
met
LINEN SHOULD HAVE REST
Will Last Much Longer If Given an
Occasional "Lay Off" for a
8hort Time.
Red linen to last should not be used
every week but should bo laid away
In a chest ovcry now and then for a
fow weeks. This makes tho life 01 tho
linen twlco Its usual length. Heforo
laying tho linen away It should bo
thoroughly dried and aired. Quanti-
ties of lavender should bo placed in
tho chest nnd between tho linen. ' 7 5U
will glvo not only a sweet and clean
scent to tho llnon but will add to tho
rest of tho Individual who sleeps In a
bed spread with it ns tho psycholo-
gists havo discovered that tho odor of
lavender produces rest nnd quiet. Lav-
ender should bo used for bed linen
only and not for wearing apparel or
tablo or hand llnon.
Tho roBO scent cither In liquid form
or sachets or the roso petals dried
should bo tho odor of tho hand linen
and tho table linen which should bo
laid away for several weeks nt a tlmo
to "rest" in order to mako tho llfo
of tho liner worth the orlgtnnl cost.
Tho scent of rose on tho tablo linen
suggests tho out-of-doors nnd gives
nn impetus to tho digestion through
tho eld of tho olfactory nerves. On
tho hand towel as It Is passed over
tho face it tends to create energy and
activity rather than rest or Inaction.
There aro many kinds of odor of rose
nnd if ono Is not appealing to the
housewife another will bo.
LEMON HAS MANY VIRTUES
Not Too Much to Say That It Is Indis-
pensable In Every House-
hold. For all salads containing fruits1 or
fish lemon Julco Is much nicer than
vlnegnr.
Slices of lemon make n nice garnish
for a platter of cold meat when parsley
Is not to bo had.
UJnd a cloth soaked In lemon julco
over night on a cut or wound to stop
tho bleeding.
To keep lemons fresh a long time
invert over them a glass or earthen-
ware dish that fits the ahelf closely.
Lemon Juice added to fruit juices
that do not Jelly readily such as cher-
ries strawberries etc. will hasten tho
process.
Lemon Juice added to milk until It
curds and then bound upon parts
swollen with rheumatism will some-
times bring relief and reduce tho
swelling.
Put half a pound of sugar In a bowl
add tho grated rind and Juice of ono
lemon and one-half cupful of boiling
water. Whip still and spread between
cake layers.
Very Nice Mincemeat.
Four bowlfuls chopped meat eight
bowlfuls chopped apples two bowlfuls
chopped and shredded suet one bowl-
ful fine cut citron; two bowlfuls seed-
ed and shopped raisins two bowlfuls
cleaned currants four bowlfuls light
brown sugar 1 bowlfuls molasses
threo bowlfuls sweet elder ono bowl-
ful strong coffee ono bowlful pot
liquor meat was cooked In four bowl-
fuls chopped lemons (I put in a Bintill
quantity of orange marmalade In placo
of lemons) four tablespoonfuls cinna-
mon two tablespoonfuls of cloves all-
spice nutmeg and Bait. Cook slowly
ono day. You may have to chango tho
spices.
Scallops Delicious.
One pint of scallops two tablespoon-
fuls of butter onohalf pint of crenm
two egg yolks ono tcaspoonful of salt
Cayenne pepper. Pour boiling water
over tho scallops nnd let Btand flvo
minutes. Melt tho butter beat togeth-
er tho yolks of eggs and cream and
add gradually stirring all tho time.
Add seasonings and as soon as well
mixed add tho scallops. Cook two or
threo minutes and servo on toast. One
cupful of milk and two tablespoonfuls
of flour may bo used instead of cream
adding flour to the butter nnd proceed
as before.
Pressed Flank of Beef
Wipe remove superfluous fat and
roll a flank of beef; put In a kettle
cover with boiling water nnd odd ono
tnblespoonful salt one-half teaspoonful
peppercorns a bit of bny leaf and n
bono or two which may bo nt hand
cook slowly until meat is In shreds.
Thero should bo but little liquor in
the kettlo when meat Is done Arrange
meat in deep pan pour over liquor
cover nnd press with a heavy weight.
Serve cold thinly sliced.
Spanish Rice.
Chop ono lino largo tomato on
green pepper ono onion. Sprlnk'o
ono tcaspoonful of salt over It. Molt
ono tablespoonful of lard in a spider
and when hot pour over ono cupful -at
dry rlco over it nnd kcop it moving
until tho rlco Is thoroughly hcaed
but not discolored. Add six cupfuU
of boiling water and tho chopped vex-
etnbles. Cook all together until tbo
rlco is tender adding moro water at
it becomes necessary.
Apple Sherbet
Cook tho pulp of six apples In 0110
quart of cider seasoned to tasto with
sugar and cinnamon. When tender
rub through a Blove cool and freeze.
When partly frozen add tho stiffly boat-
en whites of (two eggs. Servo in chilled
apple shells.
Deviled Sardines.
Remove the Bkins from the sardines
placo on a buttered plate season with
Worcestershire sauce mustard and
cayenne. Cover with buttcrod crumbs
and. bako till brown.
LiV
5 I wl
CARING FOR THE BROOD SOWS
Give the Animals Good Hearty Ra.
tlon Strong In Protein and Not
Rich in Fat-Making Foods.
i
People will tell you that a brood)
sow should not bo too fat nt farrow-i
lng tlmo. That's truo; but that doesn't
mean that sho should bo starved to aJ
shadow. Sho should bo fed a good
hearty ration strong In protein and)
not rich in tho fat-making foods. Sim
should havo plenty of exercise. Shu
should be in that thrifty condition)
which makes her as strong as a bull-
but not fat.
There's no danger of her having too.
much bono nnd muscle Tho heavier
bIio Is tho better provided that tooi
much of her weight is not fat. Am
all-corn ration robs her of tho strength)
she will need at tho tlmo of her trial-
and fills the cavities of tho body wlthl
fat. Then sho will bo fat and lazyi
nnd will kill her pigs by lylnr? on them
Or sho may never bo able to bring
them forth. Or her nppetlto for bone
nnd musclo-formlng foods may be so:
abnormal that she may cat them up.
But If sho Is kept from being too fat
by tho slmplo method of starvation
sho will not glvo tho litter tho proper
amount of milk.
If tho sow becomes eonstlpatcd be-
foro farrowing as somo sows do ep-
som salts may bo given in the slop for
throe or four feedings Just enough so
that the tasto will not repel tho sow
nnd keep her from eating.
At farrowing tlmo occur the most of
tho pig losses. Somo of them corao
from tho nbsence of tho owner when
tho pigs arrive and somo from his
presence. Tho sow should bo carefully
watched but sho Bhould not bo dis-
turbed. In other words no dogs should
bo allowed anywhero near and sho
should not becomo awaro of the pres-
ence of thoso who wntch her. A good
brood sow stealing her nest In tho
grovo or fields will on the average
bring to the lcod trough a better
litter than tho ono which is fussed
over by a solicitous owner. Yet sho
sometimes needs help. Combine tha
merits of tho two methods.
EXPENSE OF KEEPING HORSE
Cost Is Much More Than Many Per-
sons Usually Believe Estimate
Placed at $75 Yearly.
The cost of keeping a horse for a
year on a farm Is much moro than
many persons usually suppose. In an
cstlmato of such cost It was found
that a horso weighing 1200 pounds
and kopt nt moderately hard work
costs $75 "u year for board. Foods
of course are usually higher in somo
places than others whero it would not
cost bo much.
Taking ono horso with nnother as
kept on our farms and allowing for
the period of idleness In tho winter
season tho cost to keep would not
bo moro than $D0. Larger horses
would however cost relatively moro
than thojo of lighter weight.
PARTITIONS IN HOG TROUGH
Device Prevents Young and Small Ani-
mals From Being Crowded Out
of Their Allowance.
Partitions In a hog trough will save
tho owner much troubloy. In feeding
Where thero Is nothing to prevent tho
young and small pigs aro often crowd-
ed out of their rightful allowance by
tho older and bigger animals.
Tho trough Bhown In tho illustration.
Is partitioned off to Bavo this trouble.
Tho bottom of tho ono I mado was a
1-Inch board 14 Inches wldo. Tlio
Side and End View.
sides wcro 4 Inches high partitions 6
inches wide For tho V sides on top
I used 1 by 8 nnd nt tho lower edgo
of these nailed Btrlps of 1 by 4 to
keep tho slop from wasting writes
Odom Tyson of Leo's Summit Mo In
Missouri Valley Farmor. Tho parti-
tions wero spaced 10 Inches npart.
They were cut Bloplng across the top
and from tho bottom of slbpo to bot-
tom of trough Is 8 Inches.
ERADICATE LICE ON CATTLE
Frequently Serious Pest In Winter-
Any of Various Dips Will Prove
Quite Satisfactory.
Llco on cattlo and young stock aro
frequently a serious pest In winter.
Any of tho various dips advertised or
Bold for this purposo nro effective
nicy can bo put on with a sponge or
brush and worked in thoroughly to tho
skin but It Is not alwaya safe to wet
an animal nil over In cold weather
Kerosene end lard rubbed In from
horns to tho tall is a safe and sure
remedy. An oven better ono Is to uso
powdered sulphur. Hub It lu well with
tho hand nnd repent in two weeks.
1 hero Is no danger from using this.
J-Tr I I MM ..Z-0' rs