ill
THE BEAVER HERALD.
Maud O. Thomas Pub.
beaver. : : : : okla.
AEROPLANES FOR BATTLESHIPS.
An aeroplane costs 1500. An ar-
mored cruiser costs $5000000 Tbt
beat of our armored cruisers Ui Ten-
nessee and the Monttnai hare ben
rendered obsolete by the laflexlbla
and the Von der Tann Nor are w
bslldlng new onea to succeed them.
Tbrefore the aeroplane as an adjunct
Lo the battleship becomes a matter
of interest both tactically and eeonom-
Jeaily. The comlnr attempt of an
aeroplane to fly from the deck of an
ooean steamer back to New Tork hor-
bor Is a matter of prime moment
Though the federal government has
rescinded the order detailing torpedc
boats to assist In the experiment the
navy department will keep official
watch on 1L The reanlt of this experi-
ment mar determine whether the
naval authorities will e-;ulp the next
new battleship with an aeroplane and
the necessary facilities for making a
flight from the ship's deck while at
eea. The adrent Oi the battloshlp-
crutser haa made our boat cruisers
nothing but scouts and not rapid ones
says the Chicago Record-Herald. Tei
the cost of their maintenance la al-
most that of a dreadnought It the
aeroplane can perform scout duty at
soa the cost of constructing and main-
taining our nary will be immensely
reduced. This new application ol
aeronautics to naTal warfare seems at
present a dellcato and dlmcult mat-
ter. It will require expert aviators
aboard ship and highly favorable con-
ditions all around. Yet skilled and
daring flyers are rapidly Increasing In
number and the ability to cope with
railed atmospherio conditions la de-
veloping to match.
Showing American agricultural prod-
ucts alongalde those of England and
Scotland in those two countries may
not atriko many aa promising valu-
able results to our people. Hut In
other waya there seem to be opportu-
nities. John N. McCunn our consul
at Glasgow writes that be considers
It a great mistako that American farm
and dairy outfits are not on exhibition
at the fanners' weekly markets In
such Scotch towns aa Kilmarnock
Kirkcudbright and other places of like
character. It appears that the ex-
cellence of such devices is their own
commendation. The Inventive Amer-
ican mind haa gone very far In con-
triving apparatus which economizes
time and effort and Increases effi-
ciency ad the use of such appliances
bare haa demonatrated. The old world
baa been slower but the Scotch are
quick to perceive advantages such as
the American outfits insure and Con-
sul McCunn's hint might be taken
with advantago to all concerned
Carlyls once told a man who was
financially intereated in gold mining
that all the gold ever produced by '
California waa not worth one good '
tnealy potato. And yet tho potato
to Scotland haa a history of less than I
100 years says tho Edinburgh DIs- I
patch. When Macdonald of Clan- j
ranaia in na urougui secu potatoes
for his tenants In South Ulst they ob-
jected to planting them btCAUse the
potato Is not mentioned In the lilblel
Somowhat later Oeorgo Ilachop one
of the Ochtertyre tenants when told
by his wife that she had potatoes for
supper contemptuously replied: "Tat-
tles! tattles! I never supplt on them
a' my days and wlnna the nlcht
Olio them to the herd glo me
lOWCtU."
Cape. Town once Uvod under so se-
vere a code of sumptuary laws that
anything like display was restricted
to the governor and his Immediate
circle. Thus runs Article VI. of the
Dutch laws against luxury and osten-
tation; "No one loss in rank than a
Junior merchant nnd those among tho
citizens of equal rank and the wives
and daughters only of thoso who are
or have been members of any coun-
cil shall venture to uso umbrellas."
In practlco this restricted the posses-
sion and uso of umbrellas to about CO
persons In Cape Town.
An inventor in New York claims to
have perfected ft solid fuel for auto-
mobiles tbe chief advantages of which
are that It gives off no odor and Is
smokeless. As soon as we are assured
that bis now fuel is ns ho represents
it to be wo shall start a movement
tor tho purpose of having htm nc-
nopted as one of tho country ho-
iocs. A Punxsutawney (Pa.) man has In-
vented a pocket telephone about eight
leches long two Inches broad and an
lech thick which can bo usod by put-
ting a plug attached to it into a hole
in boxes flxod on tho telephone poles
around tbo town. Tho Idea Is lngonl-
)ur but is tho Punxsutawney pocket
big enough for the dovtcoT
One reason New York city is so
congested is that they can enlarge the
Island only upward and downward.
DRY FARMERS' ERRORS
Many Failures Directly Traceable
to Lack of Knowledge.
Plow Packer and Harrow Mutt Be
Used Often and Thoroughly to
Catch and Retain Moisture
Falls During Winter.
The great majority of failures from
dry faming tho past season and di-
rectly traceable to a lack of know!-
edgo as to tho requirements of the
crops. The greatest mistake was
made In the preparation of the soil
and until this part of the business
becomes thoroughly understood the
settlers might as well give up the
Idea of dry farming and go into the
chicken business says tho Denver
Field and Farm. A slipshod method
in preparing the seed bed Is the first
step toward failure. The plow the
packer and harrow must bo used oft-
en and thoroughly now the land In
summer or foil aa conditions will per-
mit and plow as deeply aa possible.
When we first break the virgin sod
wo can seldom plow deeper than two
and ono-balf to threo Inches but after
that wo can gradually Increase this
depth to eight or ten Inches.
The object of plowing dwp In sum-
mer or fall is to catch and retain all
tho moisture posslblo that will fall
during the winter and spring and thus
have a largo reservoir of loose soli
to retain the water. If the precipi-
tation Is heavy enough during this
period to thoroughly fill the soil with
moisture disk and harrow the land
aa soon es'uoll conditions will per-
mit In the spring A crop may then
bo planted with some prospect of suc-
cess la exceptionally dry years It
will be found necoBsary to summer
fallow tho land and seed It a year
laWr On level land where the wind
blows a groat deal and Is apt to carry
tho snow off of tho fields a method
often practised to great advantage Is
to plow deep furrows across the Add
every ten or twelve feet In opposite
direction to the prevailing winds.
Tho snow Is driven and held In these
furrows and a lister can be used to
burst out theso rows.
The roller nnd harrow nil should
be used freely. There aro upon the
market a number of corrugated roll-
era. Ono with deep corrugation Is
preferable. Never use tho roller
when the ground Is too moist or when
it can not bo followed by tho harrow.
Mnny tenderfoot farmers work tho
soil when it has a tendency to stick
and this Is a bad policy wherever It
Is done but It means ruin If done at
all In tho semt-arld region. After ev-
ery rain. Just as soon aa the soil Is
in working condition run over It
with a harrow so as to break the
crust.
Small gralr. can be harrowed to ad-
vantage until It Is four Inches high.
When doing this set tho tveth back-
ward at nn angle of forty-live degrees
and run crosswlso with tho drill
rows. All tho work done upon the
fields should bo with tho ono end in
view that of conserving moisture.
The moisture lost from tho soil
through neglect means n proportion-
ate decrease In the crop. A practise
that is qulto common Is to follow tho
grain binder with a good sharp disc
harrow tho objoct of this being to
break up the hard surface of the soil
and thus prevent evaporation. When
small grain of spring seeding Is to
follow corn thoroughly disc tho
ground as rapidly as tho corn Is cut.
Flax Is Good Dry Crop.
A crop which Is becoming a splen-
did dry fnrm Investment Is flax. Just
as soon ns wo can perfect a process
for rottlnj tho tissue In order to dls-
osfoclnte tho fiber which la mado Into
linen the- Industry will boom for flax
grows wild nil over tho west The
wild flax Is a perennial coming up ev-
ery year from the root and If somo of
our professors can Improvo It to equal
the ordinary nnnual flax It could bo
handled as easily as alfalfa. This plant
stands any amount of dry weather and
can bo planted In rows or broadcasted
two pecks to tho acre nnd tho seed
sslls readily to tho mills for grinding
Into Unseed meal. Many claim that
It Is a surer crop and inoro profttabla
than wheat.
Weak Sheep
The ability of owos to nourish their
lambs Is an important matter to con-
sider in selecting owes to koep over
for anothor year.
Sheep that aro In any way weak
should bo Bold to tho first buyer. There
is always trouble enough without In-
viting mora through carol eta selection.
8elcct none but the best and strong-
est owes for breeding purpose and
build up a uniform and profitable flock.
It cannot bo dono tn any othor way.
Breeding Mares.
Dred sound mares to sound horses
and If you are a careful man you will
bo wall paid for your fcod and trouble.
Koep tho colt growing from tho start.
When working tho maro always leave
colt In stable give it somo onts and
bran to eat and remember outs and
bran nro always tho feed. Fed tho
corn to hogs and cattle.
Eggs During Incubation
During incubation eggs should bo
tested on th sovonth and fourteenth
days. At tho first test tho atr coll
should measure about a quarter of nn
Inch on tho tenth day a half Inch fif-
teenth day flvo-olghths Inch nlnotoe th
day Uirco-quarlcrs inch. The measure-
ment should bo taken from Uw middle
of tho largo and.
TWO KINDS OF SOIL MULCHES
Foreign Material Such as Straw
Leaves Manure and Sand Ap-
plied to the Surface.
A mulch Is anything applied to the
surface of the soil primarily for the
purpose of preventing evaporation.
and occasionally to keep down weeds
and prevent winter killing of plants.
There are two general kinds of
mutches: (1) Foreign material such
as straw leave sawdust manure
stubble and sand applied to tbo sur-
face; (I) Those composed of natural
toll modified by tillage One of this
kind Is called "dust mulch" or "dust
blanket" and is simply a layer of soil
which has been loosened up and dried
out explains Professor Freere of the
Colorado Agricultural College.
Mulches of foreign material play a
very small part In general fanning
but are extensively used In horticul-
ture In some localities.
The principle of the much Is as fol-
lows: Loose dry material covering
wet soil retards movement of water
to the surface and keeps the dry cir-
culating air from contact with the
moist soli thereby greatly reducing
the loss of water.
Tho finer the mulch the looser It
must bo to give good results. Ordi-
nary soil mulches two to thrco Inches
deep aro usually most effective.
When a mulch becomes wet Its ef
fectiveness is gone until It Is dried 
out again.
Light rains and Irrigations on a
mulched soil are worse than no appll- j
cation of water because they only
wet and destroy the mulch and allot?
tho water from below to escape wltV
out adding any to replace it. Addi-
tional expense is Incurred by the cul-'
tlvntlon which must be Immediately '
started to restore the mulch. J
A quantity of water retained by cul-!
tlvatlon Is of far greater value even
where water Is plentiful than tho
same amount applied to tho soil. One 
of the great principles of dry farming j
Is to keep a good mulch on the soil
all the tlmo to prevent loss of water
by evaporation.
Saving of Moisture.
To save moisture the surface so!
should be kept loose and from thM
standpoint the cultivation should be-
gin whenever the surface gets com-
pact and it Is not necessary to go
deep In order to bavo this looso sur-
face. Haln Is one of the' greatest com-
pacting agencies; hence after a rain
the land should be harrowed as soon
as tho soil will nicely. If banowed
when wet more harm than good may
be done. The soil will also compact
from Us own weight so that a cultiva-
tion every two or three weeks Is nee-
sary to keep the dust mulch In tho
most effective condition.
Tho saving of moisture Is very Im-
portant both for the corn crop and
also for tho crop following tho corn.
It Is not only that It supplies the crop
with moisture but It keeps up the
moUture contont of the soil so that
the plant food can go into solution
which Is the onlv wav the nlant can
get it and It also makes favorable con- '
dltlons for bacteria which make plant I
food available.
Farrowing Sows.
Sows which are to farrow this fall
should bo amply provided with fresh
dry clean dustless boddlng. Flno oat
straw or shredded corn fodder Is rec-
ommended by tho University of Wis-
consin experiment station. Barley
straw or wood shavings should b
avoided.
LIVE STOCK NOTES.
Try a moasuro of kindness for a
balanced ration.
Dank up tho old barns to shut out
tho cold wind under tho floors.
Tho sunshine should come Into ev-
ery stable through large windows.
Honestly now how many men did
you ever boo salt their horses In win-
ter! Hogs properly sholtered will thrive
on much less feed than those exposed
to cold.
very window should havo shutters
to close tightly at night to keep the
cold out.
Alfalfa hay and corn have been
found to bo a most satisfactory fat-
tening feed for bogs.
Hog manuro is almost the richest
of any mado on the farm. Savo it all
and put It out on the land.
Sheep are Umld nervous creatures
and all oxcltcmont and roughness
should bo avoided In handling thorn.
If tho rcod Is nllo.wed to sour In the
troughs It will throw the hogs oft
feed. This will check growth and Is
a loss.
Tho passing of tho "long horn" cat-
tle la on ovldenos of tho great ad-
vance being made in tho llvo stock In-
dustry. Ixok out for sore teats on owes
with lambs. When such conditions
aro discovered rub tbe affocled parts
twlco a day with salted butter.
Alfalfa moal Is not all tho real
stuff. Somo manufacturers sell a
product that is pretty nearly puro
and then again thcro aro others.
Tbo work-horses must havo exorcise
and fresh air when not In uso. Turn
them out during tho warm part of tho
day and let them enjoy themselves.
Dcct pulp and alfalfa mako about
as flno pig meat as ever found Its
way to market but alas I wo do not
all live in the boat pulp and alfalfa
bolt.
Don't try to winter fall pigs with-
out good provlclon for slop Ilesidos
tho foodlng value tho elop encourages
tho pigs to drink freely which is de-
sirable in cold weather.
DIRECTIONS FOR
PRACTICAL
First Floor Arranged With Posts for Attaching Wlro
Fencing for Partitions Lnmblns Pens
Are In Warmest Part.
FE0 j IUK
.. "'!.?.
i )
I ft I i J L -J
I
f
I "il
u
0
D
First Floor Plan.
Tho accompanying drawings shown
by Farm Stock and Home embody an
excollont plan for a largo sheep born
which F. L. Month describes In detail
as follows:
Foundation and post footings arc of
stone or grout Tho posts strongly
support the upper floor and furnish
points of attachment for wire fencing
partitions. Tho lambing pons aro in
tho warmest port. The remaining
spacj may bavo tho dimensions
changed 3 occasion requires. Feed-
ing racks aro movable and may form
part of tho partitions. Part of the
I
I
lit
'S
if
u
Loft
jpace may be used for young stock. In
pons.
Windows aro fitted with open sash
covered with two thicknesses of mus-
lin. This will furnish ventilation but
may bo supplemented by roof ventila-
tors. In coso thcro Is not sufficient
WINTER CARE
FOR ANIMALS
Sadden Chans From Pasture to
Orulu ami Hay Fcod Han Often
Uen Cauae of Sickness
Among Stock.
ny it n. nuBiiiNo.)
I And from experience that It 1b
most profUablo and will causo as lit-
tle shrinkage as possible In tho milk
flow or loss of weight in the animals
Interchanging from grass to grain and
hay tbat such changes should be
gradual.
I think at least ton days or two
weeks should be taken to shift thp
animals from their fall quarters of
grass to winter quarters of grain and
bay. I too often seo animals out In
the pasture until very late tn the fall
and receive very little attention it any
till some stormy time comes and then
they aro hustled Into tho barn and
fed lota of feed which Is pitched to
them any way and usually tho conse-
quence Is Borne sick and perhaps dead
stock. This 1b not profitable.
Very often during the season when
tho animals aro to bo changed tho
pasture is rather short and-sometimes
tough while If the fall rains have
been plentiful the grass may bo In
fairly good condition but It the nnt-
mats are allowed access to a rack full
of good swoet hay they will begin eat-
ing the hay oven while the pasture
is quite good.
In this way the animals will become
accustomod to the change gradually
and there will be no danger when put
on dry feed.
I think ono of tho best feeds to be
given immediately after removing
from pasture is some kind of roots
turnips or beets which may bo fod at
this season of tho year to tho best
advantago and will assist tho nnlmnls
In getting to the corn and hay.
In feeding forago at this season of
tho year It should be of tho vory best
quality as tho animals must bo
tempted with rations of the very best
kind
When thero is somo old hay tn the
barn do not feed It now. It will come
belter during tbo cold weather when
the animals naturally have a good ap-
I flovnv'F
ERECTING
SHEEP BUILDING
" I
h
cLrfCjTr .
light some of the windows can b
glazed but usually doors will be open
using gates when necessary.
The second story holds much mora
roughage than will feed the sheep.
The barn Is thus suited to the frequent
conditions of plenty of stable room and
lack of storage for roughage or where
part of the hay Is sold. Also for
storing roughage to be fed out ol
doors. The main part has gable doors
and track for hay The "ell" has sev-
eral doors and may havo hay track. It
Is for oat hay In bundles shredded or
bundle fodder and straw. Dy using the
" ' (
X
vr. $ ' U
Plan.
blower It Is easily filled. Groin may
be placed In second story drawing it
down to feed. 
Roof has prepared roofing; sides
have the same In light weight over
cheap boards or It may have a '
drop siding. '
petlto and are well accustomed to dry
food.
Animals should be kept out of doors
as much as posslblo and should be
stabled only when the weather Is bad.
In fair weather never stable stock
unless It Is very cold as tbey like to
be out In the open air and It Is better
for them than being shut up In tho
Btables. Uut when they are tn the
stables and the weather Is not too
severe see to It that tho windows are
open so as to havo an abundance of
ventilation .
In the early winter the animals will
suffer moro from close confinement
than from too much ventilation.
When changing from grass to dry
food allow the animals as much liber-
ty as posslblo in tho yards about tho
barn only putting them In the barn
at milking tlmo and during tho bad
weather until they become thorough-
ly accustomed to tho new conditions.
Aqlmals on paBture naturally take
exercise. In grazing they will walk
miles. The change from this condi-
tion to a narrow stall Is rather sovero
and due consideration should be given
In allowing thorn at this time as much
freedom nnd open air whllo changing
the feed as posslblo.
Itching Skin.
It Is said that In case of Itching
skin the horso should bo clipped and
the grain ration cut down ono-half.
No corn should be fed. The animal
will do best on onts bran nnd any.
Green grass often leads to Itchiness
of tho skin. After clipping apply to
the Itching parts as required a mix-
ture of ono dram each of diluted sul-
phuric acid and carbolic acid In n pint
of wator. A little menthol added Is
effective where itching is excessive.
Wash tho affected parts before first
application of medicine Is mado.
Should tho trouble continue gtvo a
tablespoonful twice dally of a mix-
ture of equal parts of powdered wood
charcoal and granulated hyposulphnto
of soda.
Cattle In Argentina.
The Argentine Republic Is a gieat
rnttlu producing country. In 1909 no
fewer than 130000 head wero export-
ed. A great amount of frozon uviat
and chilled meat Is shipped.
a Mfi 'Uft Pf yts fl
n
CONSTIPATION
Mnnroi'i Paw
Paw Pills are unlike
ill other laxatives or
cathartics. They coax
the liver into activ-
ity by gentle meth-
ods. They do not
scour; they do not
gripe; they do not
weaken; but they do
U.-t all the secre-
tions of the liver and
stomach In a way that
soon puta thete or-
gans In a healthy
condition and cor
rects constipation.
Munysn's Paw-Paw Pills are a tonio
to the stomach liver and nerves. ' They
invigorate initcad of weaVen; they en-
rich the blood inttead of Impoverish it;
tbey enable the stomach to get all the
nourishment from food that is put Into
it.
There pills contain no calomel no
dope they are soothing healing and
stimulating. The icliool the bowels to
act without phytic. Price 25 cents.
44 Bu. to the Acre
h boar r yield but that's wbat John Kennedy of
KdmoniuD Alberta. etni Canada pol from 40
acretor&pnrttf UDeiun uiu. iieporu
iromuioeraiBiricuiuinaiproT
new anoweuomereicei
lemrrftuiift wen a -
0UQ baibeli of wheat
i xromizu acre or tsi-i
I bo prarre. u8Qan4 4Q
DUBneijieiatwrrvnoro
eroai. A blih ft 117
bethels of obu to tbe
trrwerethrethed from
Albert neiatin ivio.
The Silver Gup
at the recent Spokane
lair wai awarded lot be
Alberta (loTemmentfor
t exhibit uf Lrralni.ffraBietand
Teite'able. IteporiAuf eirellent
Tie.u lor iiw rom sjiMi ithi
hitkatcbewan and Manitoba tn
ertern Canada.
J rro hnniratrana nf 100
ncrrfl. Hml mljolnlnc pr
rmpllona of lflU Rcrea (at
S3 iiorRtre)) nre tit t Imtl
In OmrliolrrntriUtrlrta.
School floiiTrnlvnt rll
mnlf excellent fMill thr
very bcM railnnyarlotr ut
linnd liu Mil liif; lauilcr
clicMpt f Oflrnny tngpt nnil
rrHftnutitile In nrlci- wnter
eaalljr irortirottt mixed
f ii rin lrc n ucrr.
Write aa to best pin re for et-
Dement settler' low railway
rate detcrlj-thre lltaktraied
IolBetVet'(ent free on
appll catlon)acdotber Informa-
tion to Hup't of ImtnlBratlon
Ottawa C n.. or to tbe Canadian
GoTernmentAcent. (8C)
U. 1 ZS . Mali Urn I Inui a. U.
Tie add re nearest yon.)
WAITING FOR TROUBLE.
How
for a
boy?
long would they hnvo to wait
kiss if you w" there dear
Father of the Man.
Miss Amelia Austin listened with
breathless attention to Mrs Amnsa
Hunting's radiant account of tho do-
ings of James Hunting her husband's
younger brother who had left Wo-brook-ln-the-HIUs
In his youth nnd
had become n millionaire.
"Where Is Jim this summer?" Miss
Amelia Inquired at the end of the re-
cital. "Ho has gone abroad for baths" re-
plied Mrs. Hunting.
"I ain't ono mlto surprised to hear
thnt" MIbs Amelia said. "His mother
never could mako him wash his
neck." Youth's Companion.
Hardened
Scott Is It true that Coolelgh Is
financially embarrassed?
Mott He's fearfully in debt but It
doesn't seem to embarrass him much.
For
Breakfast
???????
The Happy Reply
Post
Toasties
A crisp dainty food that
pleases young and old.
Wholesome
Economical
Convenient
Serve with cream or milk
(hot or cold).
"The Memory Lingers"
POSTUM CEREAL CO. Ltd.
Btttla Cteek Mich.
II ill Pfmaaaw
vawTlyfa
Wu
mm
aTR'"'
HL2.ffi
yT