The Beaver Herald. (Beaver, Okla.), Vol. 24, No. 12, Ed. 1, Thursday, September 1, 1910 Page: 2 of 8
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STRENGTH AND CHEAPNESS
Trophies or the
OF KUUWD UAlIil DAiui
ScvrolVolnto of Suporlorlty Over Ron2ular Formed
Structure Havo Never Been
Fully Considered.
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HERTS socms to bo nn
Impression In tho coun-
try nt largo If ono may
Judgo by InqulrlcB
which aro mndo of tho
officials of tho National
munouiu thatwhon vIb-
Itora coino to Washing-
ton thoy will boo spread
boforo thoin In tlio mu-
Bcuiu'fl roonia tbo tro-
phlofl of tho chaso
which Thcodoro Rooso-
volt conducted In Af-
rica. Thla Is a tnlBtn-
kon Impression and
thoflo who contomplato
visiting Washington In
tho ncnr futuro must make up tholr minds that
whllo thoy may Ret glimpses of tho Roosevelt
collodion It will bo a long tlmo buforo tho quarry
will bo mounted nnd presented to public view
so iui to show It to tho boat ndvnntngo.
Of courso It must bo understood that by far
tho greater number of specimens of animal llfo
Which Thuodoro Iloosovolt and his follow hunlora
obtained aro Uioeo of small spcclos of tho natinnl
history kingdom. For overy elephant obtained
for Instnnco thoro nro nt least fifty mine and
for ovory lion there aro nt least Afty specimens
of tho dwollora of tho field llko tho rnbbltB tho
nqulrrols tho foxos nnd othor animals which
liavo tholr Interest (o tho scientists but which
do not mnko so bravo a allowing whon on mu-
soum vlow nB that of tho greater wild bcnstB.
It Ih tho Intention of tho Nntlonnl muBnuni
nuthorltlcH ovontunlly to mount nnd to put on
exhibition In family groups tho groat mammals
which tho Rast African expedition secured nnd
nont to Washington. Now tho mounting of an
elephant a lion n leopard nn antelope or a rhi-
noceros or any of tho other big cronturos of tho
wljd Is an entirely different thing from tho work
of yenrn ago. No man nowadays properly speaks
of "Bluffed" animals. Thoy nro no longer stuftod.
Tho old unsightly specimens nro bolng enst out
of tho museums of tho country. Taxidermy hns
boon lofted from tho piano of tho trades and put
on tho piano of tho arts.
In tho old days It used to bo tho custom to
tnko a door and to wlro It nnd fill It with various
kinds of "stuffing;" to put in glnss oyes nnd to
treat It with nrsento nnd then to stand It on
its four legs In n glasB caso. All thla sort of
thing has been dono nway with as bolng unwor-
thy. Tho advanced taxidermist of today ap-
proaches his work Just as tho Bculptor or tho
pnlntor approaches his. Tho animal family that
Is to bo mounted today Is studied cr.rofully in
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Round Dairy Barn.
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llfo. No hlgh-claBU musoura will omploy n taxi-
drrmlst who hns not lived among tho wild mil-
mala and who does not know their every polso
their slrldo their appearance when lying down
when slniidlng up when asleep and when on tho
"tit and jump" to got awny from tho enoiny.
It requires years of thla kind of study boforo
tho taxidermist of today Ih considered worthy
of his hlro. When he tnkos a dead animal in
hand to proparo It for oxhlbltlon ho tnkos notlco
of the stAto of Its coat whether It Is a Bprlng
cent a Hummer coat an nutumu coat or a win-
tor coat. If ho Is to form a group of animals of
tin' same kind ho would novor think for an In-
htant of putting ono with n Bummor coat in thn
bumo group with ono wearing a tutor coat
In roiiio of tho groups In tho museums of tho
country today to called family groupB tho malo
deer will bo shown In Its winter coat whllo Its
mate Htandlng by wenrs tho garb of summor. To
tho uyo of tho naturalist or to tho eyo of tho
olmorvlug hunter such n condition Is ludicrous
nnd t'vnti tho layman who Is not familiar with
niilmnls In their wild haunts becomes conscious
thnt thero Is something wrong with tho animal
family at which ho Is looking.
Nnwndnjs not only Is It tho aim to mount tho
nnlmal naturally but overy vein nnd every
muscle must bo mndo to appear as In llfo. All of
this required the utmost bklll nud a great amount
of tlmo
li is tho Intention of tho National musoum
authorities to mount ninny of tho larger Ilooso-
volt specimens in family groups. This moans
that In a groat many instances thoso groups will
bo hhown In their native habitats. In othor
words not only must tho animals bo mounted
proporly hut thoy must bo given tho onvlronmont
which they have- in tho Hold. This inonns In
somu cases (ho actual construction of trees with
leaf trunk and branch perfect and It moans a
reproduction of rocks and ground nnd It may bo
oven water. Tho whole thing roqulros mouths
of tlmo tho greatest (sklll and patlonco and
whon tho work la complete tho slghtscor has
boforo him a group of African animals appearing
Just as thoy do In tholr nntlvo wilds.
From what has been Enid In tho foregoing It
readily can bo understood why It Is that It will
tako a long tlmo to put tho larger nnlmuls so-
curod by tho Roosevelt expedition In condition
to bo vlowed by tho multitudes of visitors who
cotno to Washington.
Carl B Akoly of Chicago engaged In tho Afri-
can hunt for n short tlmo as n member of tho
Roosovolt parly. Mr. Akcly Joined tho colonol
In Africa In accordance with an arrangement
tuado boforo tho former president loft America.
Mr Akoly wont to Africa not only for tho pur-
uoho of gpttlng" some elephant specimens for tho
MW&J&WZD $
Now York Museum or Natural History but for
tho purposo of studying elephants In their wild
surroundings. Carl K. Akcly Is n taxldormlst nnd
Is considered ono of tho finest If not tho finest In
tho world. Moreover ho Is a scientist and his
work hns won recognition In nil tho countries
of tho civilized world.
What Mr. Akoly has been doing In tho laBt
fow months gles nn Illustration of what tho
modem taxldormlst does In order to porfoet him-
self In his art. Whon tho taxidermist returns to
America with tho elephants which ho has killed
ho will mount thorn In a great group In what Is
to bo kntwn as tho olophant room of tho great
Now York Institution. Ho not only will preparo
tho olophnnts for oxhlbltlon In a group but ho
will roproduco tholr African surroundings. It
may bo tho work of years but when It Is finished
It will bo worthy. Tho museum olllclnls of tho
country today bollovo that tlmo Is as nothing
when thoy dostro to obtain tho best nntural
results.
A curious thing hnppened whllo Carl n. Akoly
was with Thcodoro Hoosovolt In Africa. In ono
of tho articles which ho wrote tho colonol told
of nn exporlcnco which Mr. Akely hail with a
wounded leopard. Tho encountor which tho ta
Idormlst hnd with tho leop.trd occurred about
fourteen years ago and Colonol Hooso61t told
tho story as It had been told him of courso
putting It In tho pnst tonso. Tho story wns read
wrong by somo ono and tho Amorlcnn papors
had an account of tho dospornto encountor of
Taxidermist Akely with n leopard whllo hunting
with tho Hoosovolt party nnd thoro wns n good
deal of comment to tho effoct that It porhaps was
a good thing for Mr Hoosovolt thnt ho wns not
tho ono who had had this tlorco tight with the
African boast
About fourteen yenrsago Mr. Akoly who was
then connected with tho Flold Musoum of Nat- '
ural History In Chicago wont to Africa with Dr.
Daniel Q. KUIot who was curator of zoology of
tho Institution of which Marshall Hold was tho
bonofactor Ono night In tho heart of Africa Mr
Akoly was attempting to securo a leopard which
was prowling around tho camp trjlng to capturo
ono of tho gonte with which tho expedition was
supplied. Mr. Akoly shot tho loopard and thought
ho hnd killed It. Ho wont toward It but tho
beast sprang on lilnv-and boro him to oarth. Ho
had a terrific fight for his llfo. Ho was terribly
lacerated but ho Anally succooded actually In
choking tho loppard to death a feat which as
may well bo understood Is soniowhnt difficult of -pcrformnnco.
4
In tho Flold Musoum of Natural History in
Chicago thero Is on exhibition n group of Ameri-
can doer. Perhnps It would bo hotter to say
four groups. Thoy show tho family llfo of tho
rod doer of America at all four seasons and
tho environment of each season Is reproduced
porfoctly. Ono group of deer was secured In
summer another In fall another In winter nud
another in spring and It is possible In wnlklng
about tho groups to seo three of tho animals tho
buck tho doo nnd tho young ns thoy appear at
tho four seasons. Of courso the fawn Is seen In
n variation of sizes until It becomes a lusty
yearling.
This Illustration of a deer group from tho
Field Museum of Natural History Is given In
order to show what mny boixpected In tho Na-
tional museum at Washington when tho larger
mammals of tho Iloosovolt collection nro placed
on nltlliltlon. Of courso Instead of tho Amerlcnn
red door tho visitor will seo olophants lions loop- I
nrds and Boveral of tho many ramiucs or anio-
lopcs which Inhabit tho African country. Thero
will ho similar groups of tho smaller animals
whllo for tho purposes of tho student of animal
llfo thero will bo In drawers and In cases
throughout tho museum tho skln3 and tho skulls
of tho smaller mammals which aro Invaluable
for purposes of comparison.
Tho trophies which former Presldont Rodso-
udt has presented to tho National museum nro
not tho only gifts of vnluo which ho has mado to
tho Institution. Somo years ago when tho
colonel wns hunting In Oklahoma ho secured a
specimen of what at ArBt was thought to bo a
coyote. Tho colonol had remembered that Wood-
houBo a hunter-naturalist of sixty years previous
had obtained nn animal In about tho samo part
of tho country which It was hold wns neither n
wolf nor n coyote but a sort of n connecting link
botweon tho two lnrger than tho true coyote
nnd tnmllor thnn tho truo wolf.
Colonol Roosovolt know thnt thero was somo
dispute as to tho validity of tho account of this
species. Ho obtained nn nnlmnl which was not
full grown but ho concluded that It was different
fmm ntthr the eoote or tho wolf and ho thought
It might bo of tho species or variety that Wood-
houso had obtalnod Ho sent tho nnlmnl to tho
scientists In Washington nnd they becamo con-
v won after n htudy of the Woodhouso and tho
Hocsovelt specimens thnt thoro no longer could
bo any doubt of tho cxlstonco of n fnmlly Inter-
mediate between thi coyotes and tho wolves.
Tho result wns thnt an expedition wns de-
spatched to tho scono of tho Roosovolt hunting
nnd success crowned Its efforts. Tho knowledge
which tho former presldont hud of tho Wood
hcuso specimen nud tho study which ho gavo tho
specimen of his own tnklng led to tho estab-
lishment of a sclontinc fact of consldorablo
value. Thero Is now a Ano series of tho Inter-
mediate wolves in tho pobsesslon of tho nn-
tlonnl authorities.
Noarjy ono hundred jenrs ago an nngllshmnn
claimed 'that tho boar of tho Gulf states Louisi-
ana and Mississippi was a different species from
tho ordlnnry black bear. Tho matter was In dis-
pute for j ears among tho scientists. Finally
Theodore Roosevelt secured somo specimens of
tho Louisiana bear and sent them to Dr. C. Hart
Morrhun then tho chief of tho biological survey
In Washington.1 Dr. Merrlam recently has been
given chargo of tho natural history foundation
mndo posslblo by tho generosity of Mrs. B. H.
llnrrlman.
Dr. Merrlam took tho Itoosovelt bear speci-
mens In hand and after a long nnad painstaking
study provod thnt tho ordlnnry black benr of
America nnd tho bear of tho cano brakes aro
dlffcront species thus settling n point that had
been In doubt for nearly n century. It wns tho
Roosovolt Interest In tho study of natural history
which lod to tho establishment of a fact of mo-
ment to tho scientific world.
. In ther enrly days when lumber was
cheap buildings wcro built of logs
or nt-Icast had heavy frames. Under
theso conditions tho rectangular barn
was tho ono naturally used and peo-
plo havo followed In tho footsteps of
their forefathers In continuing this
form of barn. The result Is that tho
economy and advantages of tho round
barn havo apparently novcr been con-
sidered. This Is becauso thoy aro not
obvious at Arst sight and become
fully apparent only after a detailed
study of tho construction. For theso
reasons tho rectangular form still
continues to bo built although It re-
quires much moro lumber. As tho
prlco of lumber has advanced so mate-
rially in recent years tbo posslblo
saving In this material is a largo Item
nnd well worth Investigating.
Tho difficulty with most round barns
that havo been built thus far Is that
thoy do not hnve a self-supporting
roof and consequently lost many of
tho advantages of a properly con-
structed round barn. This Is tho prin-
cipal reason wny round barns havo
not becotno more popular. A straight
roof necessarily requires xnnny sup-
ports In tho bnrn bolow. Theso aro
both costly and Inconvenient and
mako tho roof no stronger than a
dome-shaped self-supporting roof
which nearly doubles tho capacity of
tho mow.
Many who havo thus disregarded
capacity havo also wasted lumber and
mado a needless amount of work by
chopping or hawing out tho sill and
plate thus requiring moro labor and
lumber besides sacrificing tho great-
er strength of a built-up sill.
Anothor reason for tho scarcity of
round barns is the difficulty in get
ting them built Most carpenters
hesitate to undortako tho work be-
causo In tho erection of a round barn
tho construction should bo entirely
different from that of tho rectangu-
lar form. Many now problems pre-
sent themselves but whon theso nro
onco understood tho round barn of-
fers no moro difficulties In construc-
tion thnn tho rectangular form.
Tho Arst thing to consider In tho
erection of a barn Is a convenient
nrrangemont for tho purposo for which
It is to bo usod.
Considering that tho barn on a dairy
farm is used twice every day In tho
year and that for six months each
year tho cows occupy It almost con-
tinuously and that during this tlmo
a largo amount of tho labor of tne
farm Is dono Insldo tho barn It Ib
evident that tho question of Its con-
venience Is a vital ono.
Tho circular construction 1b tho
strongest becauso It takes advantage
of tho lineal Instead of tho break-
ing strength of the lumber. Eaah
row of boards running around the
barn forms n hoop that holds tho
barn together. A barrel properly
hooped and headed Is alra6st lndos-
tpictlblo nnd much stronger than a
box although tho hoops aro small.
This strongth Is becnuso tho stress
comes on the hoops In a lineal direc-
tion. Any piece of timber Is many
times stronger on a lineal pull than
on n breaking stress.
All exposed surfaces of round barns
are circular as both tho sides and
roof aro arched which Is tho stronges
form of construction to resist wind
pressure; besides tho wind In strik-
ing It glances off and can got no'
direct hold on tho walls or roof as
It can on tho flat sides or gable ends
of a rectangular structure. If th
lumber Is properly placed In a round
Tho circular construction Is tho
strongest becauso It takes advantage
of tho lineal Instead of tho break-
ing strength of tho lumber. Each
row of boards running around tho
bnrn forms a hoop that holds tho
barn together. A barrel properly
hooped nnd headed Is almost lndo-
structlble and much stronger than a '
box although tho hoops aro small.
This strength Is becauso tho stress
enmes on tho hoops In a lineal direc-
tion. Any plcco of timber Is many
times stronger on a lineal pull than
on a breaking stress.
All exposed surfaces of round barns
aro circular as both tho sides and
roof nro arched which 13 tho strongest
form' of construction to resist wind
pressure; besides tho wind In strik-
ing it glnnccs off and can get no
dlrcqt hold on tho wnlls or roof aa
It can on tho flat sides or gablo ends
of a rectangular structuro. If tho
lumber Is properly placed In a round
barn much of It will perform two
or moro functions. Every row of
siding boards running around tho
building serves also as a braco and
Iho samo Is truo of tho roof boards
and tho arched rafters. If tho siding;
Is put on vertically and tho roof built
domo shaped no scaffolding Is re-
quired Insldo or out Theso aro points
of great economy In tho round construction.
EXCELLENT BROWN SWISS COW-
Tho Drown Swiss Is ono of the
standard breeds from Switzerland. It
has become generally distributed
throughout Europo and was first Im-
ported into tho United Stntes In 18C9
Uiown Swiss cattle are well adapted
to conditions whon n combination of
dairy nnd beef production Is sought
suys Orango Judd Farmer. Tho size
Is medium; cows weigh 1200 to 1300
ponidb Tho qunntlty of milk is mod-
orately largo and the fat content
good According to tho American
stundnrd tho color Is dark to light
brown or some seasons of tho year
gray The attractive cow boro shown
FoIIe 1G52 was bred In Now York and
mado a record of 4.403 pounds milk Id
120 days.
Sowing Late Cabbage
It is tlmo to sow into cabbago In all
sections. See that tho seed bod Is Ano
and moist. Cover seed with not 'less
than three-fourths of nn inch or soil
and do not sow too thickly. Thin sow-
lugs encourage tho growth of strong;
stalky plants which stand transplant
ing bettor than splndllug plants.
Always pick vegetables for tho mar
Lot before thoy aro fully matured nt
they are thon moro apt to ripen at tin
proper time for tho UBor.
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The Beaver Herald. (Beaver, Okla.), Vol. 24, No. 12, Ed. 1, Thursday, September 1, 1910, newspaper, September 1, 1910; Beaver, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc68809/m1/2/: accessed April 24, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.