Kiowa County Democrat. (Snyder, Okla.), Vol. 4, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 9, 1909 Page: 3 of 8
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♦
W slcar o/7
it was the scene of the most airodtous masi
and in 1T!»:{ fully :m.000 men. women and
were hero butchered.
Everv observant traveler soon realizes
dominant note in the llreton character is tbe
sal and ineradlcnble belief In a higher powe.
is not only worshipped, but I- regn,rUed nsn««
„r determining every incident in their dail>
Most peculiar religions superstitions ate
witchcraft, charms and antidotes are be be e
n-iriog and other creatures of a < hlldlike tmag
icre have a very real existence to both y«>tin* »
AU of thr people are now nominally < hr'** «
ilrtiidism flourished In some teraote sections
im i
■ 11; ■
tiUETO/i
M/toJlftfc
i?v
MM(N)
^■■nCCUPYING the large peninsula
I I at the northwestern corner of
France—washed by the Eng-
lish channel and the Hay of
Biscay—is a rugged country,
with rugged inhabitants, who are less
French than any other people of the
republic. Brittany has no political ex
istence and is not even represented on
some modern maps, because It termi-
nated its Individual career in the clos-
ing years of the eighteenth century;
but the Bretons, differing in ancestry,
language and-'temperament from their
neighbors, have held aloof and matn-
tnined their ractul characters in a way
almost unparalleled in European his-
tory. Fierce wars liuve left their scars
and the concomitants of modem civili-
zation have made their enduring im-
By Hucth M. Smith
Deputy Commit toner
O. «3. Dure an o/ Fte/teries
Umn the entire state of Maryland.
The abundance of stone everywhere
-and the scarcity of timber In «*M
places have determined the bulldlni
material Tor most of the houses
churches ami other structures in
Brittany. When for any reason build
ing stone is scarce or otherwise lack
log. the people have often hud re-
course to the prehistoric monument*
fuv their homes and churches.
The churches afford most fascinat-
ing material for the study of Ihe ar-
chitect and the antiquarian. Hegin-
Also Somewhat Rare.
The best treasure among men is a
frugal tongue.—Hesiod.
Dc vein- feet ever feel tired, achy and
ffore at night? Rub them with a little
llamlins Wizard Oil. They’ll be glad ta
the morning and so will you.
Speaking of literature, many a
man's love letters have made a de-
cided hit—with a Jury.
abk votfB ri.ormot rtnrnr
i s,- Red Cross Rail Blue ami make theta
white again, fstrgc 2 o*. package. 5 cent*
I have lived to know that tho secret
oi happiness Ih never to nllow your
energies to stagnate.—Adam Clarke.
KIDNEY
PILLS
111. . - V
Ai vo's
c ^ KlDNE.^ Jp (f
'ASSORDMG- MflD AB/?/tM6MGr
<5#RD//V£S TOR DRYJAG-'
/A A CAMAE&Y-*—5“'
nrcss on people and country; hut so
mticb of tho ancient customs and laud-
uturks has survived that Brittany is
still s well-marked geographical and
ethnological entity ami bids fair to re
main such for many generations.
This Isolation of Brittany from the
remainder of France, while at the
same time the province la compara-
tively easy to reach and traverae. has
for many years tnnde It a popular holi-
day and vacation resort for Parisians
and Londoners and has attracted the
notice of regular travelers and tourists
wbo, having “done” the Alps, tho Rhine,
the Norwegian fjords, tbe Riviera and
the European capitals, arc seeking new
worlds to conquer. Artists of all lands
have likewise found thia a most agree-
able field for work and recreation. The
popularity of the region is attested by
a score of modern books of travel,
some written and Illustrated by clever artists,
describing tbe quaint charm of country nnri
people nnd always giving the reader a keen
desire to go nnd see for hlinseif.
Rome years ago I was privileged to visit
Brittany in tho interest of the bureau of fish-
eries and the personal observations 1 then
made Incidental to the special inquiries in
hand form the basis for these necessarily des-
ultory remarks "»
The original nnme of Brittany was
Armorica, which was changed in con
sequence of extensive Immigration
from Great Britain In the fifth and
sixth centuries. The Armorican tribes
formed a pnrt of that race of which the
Irish, Highland Scotch and Manx con-
stitute one division nnd tho Welsh.
Cornish and Breton the other. The
Celtic language there spoken at the
present time is divided Into three or
four rather distinct dialects and is un-
derstood. if not actually used by a very
large percentage of the native popula-
tion. Many of the older Bretona can-
not speak French and. in 1902 it was
found thnt the .ranch language waa
unknown or unused by 700,000 of Ihe
people. The government now requires
the learning of French by the young,
so we mny expect the gradual dlauso
and final death of thia ancient tongue.
Taking a brief glance at the hlatory
of Brittany, we may note that at a very
remote period thia country became
thickly nettled by a dark-aklnned
people that, starting a westward mi-
gration from son>o part of Asia, left
monuments along their route through-
out central and northern Europe nnd
only ceased their wanderings when
atopped by Ihe sea in Scandinavia, Ire-
land. Great Britain. France. Portugal
and Spain. In prehistoric times the
conquered this early race, and then came the
Roman conquest nnd tho Roman occupation
of Gaul until the fourth century, up to which
lime the peculiar religious practices of the
aboriginal race appear to hare flourished un
molested by cither Gaula or Romans.
We read that in 383 Maximilian, son-in-law
of Octavius of England, and his nephew, Co-
nan Merlndec, went over to Armorica and en-
deavored to displace the Romani. Thia van-
turo cost the lives of some 15.000 soldiers.
Then Maximilian took over a huge army and
eveutually overcame the Romans. Conan be-
came king of the country, which he called
Llttlo Britain, or Bretagne, and, making hla
capital at Nantea, he Invited hla countrymen,
who were then very hard proaaed by the Scots
nnd Ptcta nnd Bnxona, to come over and Join
him Many thousand* reaponded to thia and
subsequent Invttntloua and by the time of Civ
nan’s death. In 421. Christianity, that had
been Introduced with the Briton Immigrants,
had been established and paganism almost
abolished over a large part of the country.
In the middle uget the dukoe of Brittany
exercised aeml royal prerogatives and the
people had a separata parliament for many
years preceding tbo French revolution. At
the outbreak of that momentous struggle the
- H5*«otfte&
PRY/MG OMQfMLLS
Bretons lived up to their rep
utation for conservatism and I
remained loyal to the raon-|
archy and forcibly restated1
the establishment of the re-
public long after the other
parts of France had accept-
ed the new regime. This
sanguinary chapter in the
history of the country has
GO/HCr /V MARKET -V
Gauls
In Balxar’a stirring
been vividly portrayed
novel, "The Chouans.”
The Britons, ut llrst friends and kindred
of the Bretons, eventually became their hered-
itary enemies. For centurlea tho British pri-
vateers and naval vessels ravaged the coast,
blockaded the harbors, bombarded the towns,
landed lighting parties and the long-continued
and deep-seated animosity thus engendered
still abides in this land, where changes in
habit* and customs and sentiment occur very
slowly.
Tbe present population of Brittany is about
3,200,quo. The principal cities are Brest, the
great naval iKirt of France, beautifully located
on one of the best harbors in all Europe;
licniioa. in the interior, brought prominently
to the world's notice some years ago as the
scone of Dreyfus' first trial; and Nantes, on
the I/lire, the largest and one of the moat in-
teresting places In all Brittany. It* chief at-
traction is its hoary age and romantic history.
It is mentioned by Caesar. Pliny and other
writers of their time and was a city of note
long before Cuesar divided all Gaul into throe
In tbe middle ague it was one of the
valuable possessions of the semi-royal
........ of Brittany nnd when, in 1499, Anne of
Brittany here wedded 1-oula XII- It paesed to
tlie crown of France During tho revolutioo
part*.
moat
dukes
"TSwTWyCOTTAGE -
as the seventeenth century, and it is un Inter-
esting fact thnt the veneration accorded the
heathen deities in the earliest centuries of
Breton history was easily transferred to th«
Holy Family and the Christian saints when
the new religion reached ihe country. Ini no
other part of Europe, If Indeed In uny other
nurt of Ihe world, has Christianity absorbed
so much of earlier creeds, and it req,1'^*n"
particularly astuteobserver to appreciate that
many features of Breton religious practice tie
day are relic* of prehistoric paganism-
it is easv to understand how the supersti-
tious temperament of the Bretons ha. been
developed by their isolated geographical post
tion and tho Impressive character of the coun-
try bv their distinct language and by their
being brought constantly in contact with those
strange megaltthlc remains which are here
more numerous than unywhere else.
A sympathetic foreigner has given an art-
mlrable e.rinu.te of Brittany and the Breton
character that should always be home in
mind:
“Those who would wish to ace Brittany ns
she reully 1* must not look at her wild and
barren plain*, her bleak, dreary mountains
her dark nnd sombre forestB. her stormy and
rock-bourn?1 shores and her lonely, lovely val-
leys with the hasty glance they east on any
other passing landscape, with the hard prac-
riral eye and fastidious taste, of modern trav-
olara they must think of her a. the land
that has been conweratod by tho ourlleiit foatR
of chivalry, perhaps the only spot in the mod-
ern world thnt lias preserved In her legends
untarnished ih" 'eternal youth of phantasy.
Here It la not only 'the spirit that haunts the
{asl^yeari. bowers' but the spirit of ago. past,
thut looks you in the face.
“The traveler must not regard the inelan
choly Breton, alternately taciturn and elo-
quent simply »» •"> unlettered and morose
uuaaaut, hid a* » being cradled in superstl
tion endowed by nature nnd education with u
vWlil 'imagination, with a deep. true, poetical
aense, with strong and gloomy religloua vlows.
to whom the 'spirit-land' Is an ever present, an
ever-living reality, and who Idemnlfies himself
for his hard lot on earth by a constant refer-
ence to the future Joys of heaven.
Brittany l» «> email country. It* extreme
length from north to south ia only 150 mile*,
•nd" its greatest width la about the same. The
area la 13.800 square mile*, or a l.ttle larger
SHR/fit
AMD
'3PR///&-
uing with the eleventh century, they
present a most interesting reoord of
the evolution and progress of eccle-
siastical architecture. Large castles
are rare and In practically every com-
munity it is the church that Is tha
most Imposing structure.
The houses of peasants and fisher-
men are for the most part small, one-
storied, with deep, thatehed roof. In a
tow places 1 noticed the walls
entirely of upright granite blocks
seven or eight feet high. Window,
(often without glues) are small, few
„ number and not infrequently alto-
Llher lucking In the poorest houses.
The floors are of dirt, which la
often converted into mud and re-
maps so. and the interiors are nan-
,.iiT ehllly and cheerless. In many
families there la a common bedroom
“ each house, with a bed In each
corner, and it is no uuusual thing to
same room shared by a litter of pigs
IF YOUR CHILD
MEEDS A TONIC
—If your little boy or girl la deli-
cate and sickly—go to the news*
druggist and gut a bottle of
Dr. D. Jayne’s
Tonic
Vermifuge
Thia splendid tonic haa bam
mccaaaful for four
tion* in making sickly phildrm
strong and healthy, and emo-
tively expelling worms.
It it likewise a natural tonlefcc
adults,and restoreslaatinghealth
and strength to “run-dowur
systems by toning up tho stom-
ach and other digestive orgasm
Sold If JNl Drugsfata—
f Mm, BOo. mud SSe.
SICK HEADACHE
find the ------- , ,
and perhaps several goals.
But Uie leading product of the waters of
Tfor* STMTS
archeologist, the linguist and other sp^MM*
ffly™hd?B mit^r; ?ut ’.rr
tore® wlflch appeals most strongly to the great-
,T nUmber of Americans affects not the r
esthetic urtlstlc or scientific tastes. taHWf
esimito. through the medium of tbe
cou„,,.» -
parts of France produce »“rdlne»' g' ! * -
sardine par excellence comes from Brittany.
Brittany I* the center of the "■J
cry and has all of the numerous establish
ments for the canning of the fish. ,n *"
age season Ihe Brittany sardine
number 25.000 to 30,000 und catch 100,000 000
to 150,000.000 pounds of sardines, for which
they receive $1,500,000 to $3,000*00 while the
shore industries dependent on the finery give
employment to 20.000 other persons, mostly
women nnd girls. Bo Important is tho aardlna
rimt In many communities in Brittany every
person Is directly or Indirectly supported by
It nnd the failure of the fish to come means
ruin, starvation and death to many people In
the more Isolated places.
Bardtues are round on tho coasts of Brit
tany throughout the year, but occur In great-
est abundance In summer und autumn. The
small tlsh. In dctnnnd for cunning purpoaea,
have been hutched from eggs laid in the pre-
vious summer ut a considerable distance from
the land und go In schools at or near tho sur-
face. A* many as 100,000 have been taken at
„nc time In one net from one school, but tlie
usual airs of the schools Is not remarkably
large.
Like other free-swimming oceanic flah, of
which the mackerel, blueftah and herring are
conspicuous examples, the sardine varies lu
abundance from year to year und at times haa
been exceedingly scarce on tlie French coast*.
Thus from 18*7 to 1890. there was an alarm-
ing scarcity, but after this four-year period
the llsli returned in ua great numbers aa ever.
Again, from 1902 to 1900, the aardino disap-
peared si most completely, only to be followed
by u period of great abundance. All aorta of
theories have been advanced to uccount for
these periods of scarcity, which appear to be
coming inoru frequently than formerly.
CARTERS
Positively cared by
those Little Fills-
They also relieve Die-
.re— from Dyepepele, In-
d Igeetion end Too Hearty
Bering. A perfect rem-
edy fur Dlnineee. Men*
—a. Drowelneee, Bad
Tula In the Mouth, Oust-
ed Tongue, Pnln in tha
- .Hid.- TORPID MVBB.
[hey regelate tbe Buweie. Purely Vegetable.
IDgllDW sswvewe— e — —# • -----
MALL PUL. SMALL DOSE. SMALL PRICE.
Qanuint Mutt Mar
Fm-SMId Signaturt
REFUSE SUBSTITVnS.
In the school
If you believe in
safeguarding the chil-
dren’s health, make the
schoolroom walls clean
and pure with soft tint*,
restful to the eye, done In
Alabutine
The SuiitaijrVMl Costing
Please write for school circular and
opinion of leading expert* aa to
suitable colors to bo used.
Alabastine Co., Grand Rapids, Mich.
Many amokera prafer them to Mo
dgare. Tell G»a tlenlcr you want Lowla
glngla Binder. Factory, Peoria, IlUosla.
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Anderson, John H. Kiowa County Democrat. (Snyder, Okla.), Vol. 4, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 9, 1909, newspaper, September 9, 1909; Snyder, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc497530/m1/3/: accessed April 25, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.