The Manchester Journal. (Manchester, Okla.), Vol. 14, No. 45, Ed. 1 Friday, April 12, 1907 Page: 2 of 8
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The Manchester Journal
J. M. Simmon*, Ed. A Prop.
MANCHESTER, • OKLAHOMA.
D*t«rloratlon of the Mastiff.
Some breed* there are that havo
been driven Into obscurity by the un-
bridled craving of breeders for par-
ticular properties. Most lamentable of
these Is the case of the mastiff who,
15 or 20 year* ago, was the king of
the heavy brigade. Size and massive
heads became the alpha and omega of
the breeder*. Increase In size result-
ed In lumbering, overfed apathetic*,
that could not get out of their own
way, and only by an effort could sup-
port their calflsh carcasses on sprawl-
ing logs and splay feet, says R. F.
May hew. In Everybody's Magazine.
And in the intensity of desire to pro-
duce massive heads, the hither «nd of
the wretched animal was forgotten,
and paralyzed or semiparalyzed hind-
quarters were the result. Hence, the
downfall of the mastiff and, in a meas-
ure, of the St. Bernard. Their former
position in the dog world is now occu-
pied by the Great Dane, the deerhound
and the Russian wolfhound.
The Homemaker.
It must be taken Into consideration
that every successful homemaker Is
necessarily a housekeeper—one who
keeps the house In the hollow of her
hand, so to speak. One whose eye
guards every detail of expenditure;
one whose heart and mind are cen-
tered in the beautifying, guidance and
maintenance of her stronghold. It
would be foolish to insist that every
housekeeper possess the rare and
beautiful gift of creating and evolving
a home, says Margaret Anglin in Pic-
torial Review. The housekeeper works
for her wages, oftentimes grudgingly;
the homemaker takes up her daily
tasks with inspiration. Her labor is
performed with love; and as I believe
some poet has remarked, even the
sweeping of a room may become a
beautiful action.
Indoor life, with the numerous arti-
ficial and unwholesome conditions
which it imposes, is a powerful fac-
tor In lowering the vitality, diminish-
ing the power to resist disease and
In maintaining a continual contact
with conditions productive of disease.
Monkeys and most other wild animals
deteriorate rapidly in captivity be-
cause of the deprivation of the fresh
air and sunshine to which they are
naturally adapted. Civilized women
are almost compelled to live sedentary
lives. This fact, declares a writer in
Good Health, accounts in large degree
for the almost universal invalidism
among women.
• Mexico is prosperous under the gold
standard. The republic's fiscal re-
ceipts ($50,298,000 United States cur-
rcncy) for the year ended June 30,
1906, were far in excess of other years
and much beyond what was expected
even by the most optimistic economists.
El Imparcial, a local newspaper, says
the income 11 years ago was only $25,-
140,000 United States currency, and
concludes that the decided advance to
$50,000,000 is due to careful financing.
The gradual growth in the fiscal re-
ceipts during the last 11 years Is the
outcome of increased business pros-
perity and not of increased taxation.
Piince Henry of the Netherlands,
husband of the queen, proved his hu-
manity and his courage when the
steamer Berlin was wrecked off the
Hook of Holland last month. He
Jearned that some passengers were
left on the vessel, and took command
of the rescue party which finally
brought them off. When he came
ashore with them he was cheered to
the eeh* by the enthusiastic Dutch-
men gathered on the beach. King Ed
ward has bestowed on him the Grand
Cross of the Order of the Bath in rec-
ognition of his bravery.
The men and women who perish
miserably in train wrecks have th*
consolation of knowing that they dc
not die I* vain They suggest safe
modes *f construction and running
methods. They may not, it is true,
appreciate the fact that they are pub-
lic benefactors and may he selfish
enough to prefer their lives to the
glory of martyrdom, hut still, human
progress must have martyrs, and if
there *re not sufficient volunteers
there nnst be conscripts to the
cause.
There Is a report that a serious re
volt has broken out in the state of
Tachln. In the western part of Vene-
zuela. Aid somehow nobody who has
kept track of Castro's doings is very
much surprised at the news
Here is What a Missouri pap«-r says:
"After' Mny day* of arid desiccation
the vaporing captains marshaled their
thundering hosts and poured out upon
the iwafaerated vegeation a few inches
of aqua pluvialis." In this instance.
Missouri will have to show us
General Booth of the Salvation army
makes the announcement that be is
wiUiag to receive a>) tainted money
which assy be offered He thinks h* |
knows of a way to remove the taint*. !
And be probably does
PULLING TOGETHER
HOME MERCHANTS SHOULD PA-
TRONIZE EACH OTHER.
KEEP DOLLAR GOING ’ROUND
Do Not Let It Escape by Unnecessar-
ily Sending It to the City—Set an
Example to Others.
Th* community that .will pull to-
gether, that will work as one man
for the general Interests, will find an
abundance of prosperity.
And working together means the
spending of th# dollars of the com-
munity within the community. Nor
doe* It mean only that the farmer, the
mechanic, the doctor, the preacher,
the editor must spend their money at
home, but It means also that the
merchant must do the same thing. It
means that you. Mr. Dry Goods Mer-
chant, must patronize your neighbor,
Mr. Furniture Dealer, when you want
furniture. It means that you, Mr.
Furniture Dealer, must patronize your
neighbor, Mr. Dry Goods Merchant,
when you want dry goodk. It means
that the groceryinan must patronize
the home Implement dealer when he
wants a new wagon, and the imple-
ment dealer must buy his groceries
in the home town. It means that
whether Mr. Butcher. Mr. Grocery-
man, Mr. Dry Goods Merchant, Mr.
Furniture Dealer. Mr. Hardware Man,
ft profit. The groceryman buys s dol-
lar's worth of. dry goods, and the dry
good* merchant makes a profit. The
dry goods merchant patronizes the
dentist, and the dentist makes a
profit, and the dentist buys butter and
produce from the farmer and the
farmer make* a profit. So as Iho
dollar goes around and around a com-
munity each man Into whose keeping
it comes makes a profit on the han-
dling of It. and the dollar grows into
two. But what would have happened
had the farmer taken that dollar to
buy his groceries of the mail-order
house, or the grocoryman sent It to
tho city for his dry goods? The
trust organization of the community
would have been broken, that dollar
would have ceased to earn profits for
the people of tho community, but
would have began earning dollars for
the city Into which it was sent.
It is the dollar that is spent at
home that makes the savings deposits
of the home bank grow; that In-
creases tho wealth of the community,
and decreases the tax rate. Buying
at home means saving tho commun-
ity, but, Mr. Merchant, do not preach
this trade at home doctrine unless
you practice It. You must buy your
stock of merchandise In the city to
be sure, but aside from what Is spent
for your stock of merchandise see
to It that every dollar it Is possible
to keep at home remains in the com-
munity. Keep them circulating
among your neighbors, and they will
make money for you as well as for
them: they will build the home com-
munity, and make of It a prosperous
community in which your business
Wmm
■ •ftrSwarc1
The keen blade of trade reciprocity will divide the dollars of the com-
munity among the home people. Kee ping the dollars at home will build
saving accounts at the bank and mak e for general prosperity. Sending
them to the city mail-order heuze will bring bankruptcy and ruin to all
except the city.
or whoever it may dc. that intends to
erect a new building they should buy
the material for that building at
home of their neighbor, Mr. Building
Material Man.
And let us speak a word for Mr.
Printer Man also. He is a part of
this community; he contributes to its
prosperity; he advertises it. and he is
entitled to his place in the circle
through which the community's dol-
lars are to circulate. When you, Mr.
Merchant, want printing of any kind,
give the job to the home printer.
The dollar that you spend with him
he will again spend with you, and
both will make a profit cn It. It is
but fair that he have this, his leg-iti- :
mate portion of the home trade. *He |
is as much a part of the community '
as yourself, and as much entitled to
yc-ur support as > on are entitled to
tho support of the farmer, the me- 1
f.hanic, the preacher, the d >ctor.
The battle against the mail-order
o<lupus can never be a successful
one unless all interests are actively
engaged in it. It tan never be suc-
cessful so long as the merchant wants
it preached but dees not want to nrac
tice it himself. The merchant who
sends his saving account to the oity
bank for safe keeping is not entitled
to the support of the community
whose nloney fie takes froai it. The
merchant who will not patronize his
brother mo-trbants. who makes U1h
visits to the city an excuse for buy-
ing his own household suppjies, sup-
plies that are not carried on hts own
shelves, of the city merchants, is not j
entitled to the support of the com-j
muDity. Such a merchant wants to |
preach but not practice home trade, i
He wants to do with the community’s
dollsrs just what he condemns in
other*—send them away from the
community He would bankrupt the
community for selfish interests.
Ther* are few. If any. Ruch mer-
chants as this In this or other com-
munities, but if there are any here it
i* not for their benefit that this pa-
per Is preaching home trade to Its
readers.
We hear much of the strength of
trusts and combinations. In what
doe* their strength lie? To a large
extent in the fact that they control
the trade in the commodities In which
they are dealing. They make every
dollar they spend an interest earn-
ing dollar. Let us form a little trust
of our own. Jx*t ail of us. merchant, I
farmer, doctor, mechanic, preacher, 1
editor, spend our dollars at home,
keep them at home, and we have or-
ganized a trust of our own that will
bring to each of us o.ir share cf earn
lag3 on the capital invested
This is not u bard problem to figure
out lor ourselves. Thf farmer, let;
us say. want* a dollar's worth of J
sugar. He buys It of the home pro- ,
qeryman, and the groceryman makes;
will grow, and your town holdings
will grow in value at the came time
the farmer’s acres grow in value. The
homo trade problem is a many sided
one, and the homo merchant's side of
the problem is not the least of them.
WRIGHT A. PATTERSON.
REASON FOR ALL THINGS.
Customs That Now Seem Peculiar Had
Origin in Wisdom.
‘If you are patient enough to ferret,
it out you will find that there is a rea-
son for every little idiosyncrasy we
have, for every queer thing we do.
Take, for example, the wearing of
widows' caps. Why do widows cover
their heads with these curious little
arrangements of raaline, crepe and
lj.ee? It Is a custom handed down to
U3 from the Romans, who shaved their
heads when they mourned the loss of
a dear one. This idea wa3 all right
for men who did not mind appearing
without a single spear cf hair on their
bead3, but of course it was most un-
attractive for women. No cnc, not
even a Roman matron, liked to be
seen bald-headed, so (he women of
the Tiber devised a little cap to hide
their baldness, and ‘has the custom
has come down to us, even though
heads are no longer shaved as a sign
of mourning.
The reason that bells are tolled for
the dead is that years ago. when toll-
ing was first established, (he people
thought that the sound of tho bells
frightened away evil spirits who hov-
ered near (he dead.
Why do men, and women, too,-wear
bows on the left side of their bats?
The reason Is simple enough. When
the head covering built upon the order
cf hats of to-day was first Introduced
It was ornamented with a ribbon which
went around the crown and hung down
in two ends on the left side, reaching
below the shoulder. These ends were
a sort of anchor, or safety line, and
were put there expressly to be seized
when a sudden gust of wind threaten-
ed to blow the hat away. The ribbons
were put on the left side because, as a
general thing, the left band was more
apt to be free than the right. Eventu-
ally these ribbons were kaotted In a
fetching bow with flowing ends, and
then they were cut off quite close to
the hat, so that they form a very
small and stiff bow knot.
It 1s always the eustonvto throw old
shoes after a bride and this queer
custom came Into vogue when parents
were in the habit of using their slip-
pers to keep their girls obedient and
good. Now the slipper Is not really
Intended for the bride, but for the
bridegroom, who is supposed to use
it for the earn* purpose the mother
and lather of cldea times did
Failures arc. with heroic minds, tbs
stepping stones of succesat-
1 OBSERVATIONS IN
| OKLAHOMA
The Land of
Opportunity
i
Frlsco Fast Mail Wrecked. — The
Frisco fast mall, west buund, from
St. Louis to Texas, was wrecked
at Catoosa, .twelve miles east of
Tulsa. Three cars wffnt In the
ditch and a number of people were
Injured.
Indians to Jamestown. — Eugene
Medicine, a prominent Cheyenne In-
dian, states that 55 Cheyennes will
leave during the present week for
Jamestown, Va., where they will re-
main during the exposition period
as a portion of the Indian exhibit.
Medicine will accompany them.
Early Strawberries. — Indian Ter-
ritory has the record for early
strawberries. On March 23 John
McKinney, of Checotah, . picked a
half dozen ripe strawberries from
his vines. Tho berries matured and
ripened about a month earlier this
year than ever before.
Rejoice Over Passage of Comet.—
The Otoes, Poncas and other
Northern Oklahoma tribes of In-
dians have just, completed a big
three days’ celebration r.t their
camp on the banks of the Arkan-
sas. giving thanks to the Great
Spirit for turning away from this
planet the famous Matteucei
comet.
Takes Own Life.—Frank B. Hart,
nf Shawnee, known locally as
"Frenchy,” walked into a saloon,
sat down before a desk and delib-
erately shot Himself through the
head, causing instant death. No
reason for the act is known. Little
of the man Is known. He came
from California several years ago.
It is believed he once served a term
in the Texas state prison.
Life Sentence For Negro. — Claud
I.ucas, a negro, recently convicted
of murdering Jess Danilas at Fred-
erick last fail, was sentenced by
Judge Gillett, at Lawton, to life im-
prisonment in the penitentiary.
Charles Simpson, the slayer of
Worth Bailey, convicted of second
decree manslaughter, was sentenced
to two years. R. B. Windsor, the
Elgin Frisco agent, who killed E. A.
Flynn at Elgin last fall, gets a new-
trial as the result cf a hung Jury.
Farmers’ Unions to Unite. — The
executive committee of the India-
homa Farmers' Union in session
at Shawnee made arrangements to
combine the Indlahoma and Indian
Territory Farmers' Unions and
take out a new charter. Two
years ago W. H. Murray, president
of the Constitutional Convention,
led a secession movement which re-
sulted in the organization of the
Indian Territory union. The two
factions were bitter for some time
but since statehood is assured they
Lave become reconciled and amal-
gamation is now assured.
Stabbed Rivrl Driver. — Leonard
Cooper, an ex-soldier, and one of
tte,Americans to scale the walls of
Peking during iho invasion by the
Billed powers, wr.s perhaps fatally
stabbed at Guthrie by Amos T.
I eh. Both Cooper and Koch are
xe v. agon drivers, working for ri-
vsl companies'. A litte- war be-
tween the compan'ea hat been ta-
ken up by the cm pi eyes and led to a
quarrel between Cooper un i Kocli
;n front «f the Brooks opera hail so.
Knives were used. Kerh was ar-
rested and place.1 under $1,000 bond.
Cooper was stabb. d r.-veral times,
one knife thrust- entering hia left
lung and another piercing his abdo-
men.
Last Run For Oklahoma.
To the younger generation and
the more recent settlers In the new
state this article, by Emerson
Hough; will be of much Interest and
will give you an idea of how your
fathers and neighbors secured their
homes and the hardships endured
by them.
Before tho "run” a terrible crush
ensued. The advauce registery was
over 90,000, but more than 200,000
men were In the Cherokee Outlet l,y
afternoon of the opening day, Sun-
day, September 17, 1893.
“Ten thousand men enmped that
night,” he says, “on a single town
site. Such armies were massed
along tho horde.a ns might have
caused the ghost of Oklahoma
Payne to rise. Twenty thousand
camp fires on Saturday glowel
along the edge of the old Indian
hunting trail io the 'buffalo plains’
of forgotten memory. More than
seventy-five thousand men were
massed ulong the southern line of
the Strip trtone, and all the land
office towns in Kansas were packed
with seething crowds for days. An
endless line of men waited in pro-
cession back of the registery win-
dows. A man paid $5.00 five differ-
ent times for advances in his place
uu the registry line, and at last got
within a few paces of the window,
after days of waiting. Worn out by
exhaustion, he dropped dead in lino.
The suffering of all these thousands
was extreme. There had been no
rain for one hundred days. The
thormometer stood 100 in the shade.
Water was ten cents a glass, and
bread fifty cents a loaf. Force was
the real law.
"Sooners were at their work for
days in advance, although now the
guard was strict. At the start a
'sooner' ran across the lino before
the gun. A soldier ordered him to
hault. but he went on, and the sol-
dier killed him. The man's partner
kiiled the Soldier. Then came the
starting gun, and wild mobs swept
over both corpses and the malt1-.1
was forgotten. In quarrels along
the lino before the start three men
were shot. Nineteen men fell in tha
line, prostrated by the heat, and
three died. One young woman went
stark mad; an'accidental shot klil
ed ono man in the waiting line, and
many were so accidentally wound-
ed, for most were armed.
“At one locality, on the north
line, the crowd was more than three
hundred yards deep in packed
struggling, cursing humanity, and ii
reached east and west as far as the
eye could see. A horse was worth
$100 if it could stand up. Some ran
the race with two horses tied t.v
gether, shifting from time to time.
“An army of over a hundred thou-
sand started in the vast, panic-
smitten, motley herd that Sunda>
noon in September, and roared
away, scattering vaugly in the dis-
tance. It left behind It many der d
bodies of horses and some of men
and women. From Arkansas City
there went 30,000 men; from Or-
lando, 25,000; from Caldwell, 13,-
000; from Heunessey, 10,000; from
Stillwater, 10,000; from Kiowa,
3,000; from Hunneweli, 3,000; from
other points over four thousand.
These are conservative estimates,
and probably far within the truth.
At Kingfisher C.U00 men were i.i
line at the land office filing their
preliminary papers; at Whartoon
1,200: at other points as many. At :
New Kiowa Co. Treasurer.—J. W.
Torn lias been placed in charge
tf the treasurer’s office of Kiowa
county, having been appointed to
fll the vacancy caused by the re-
vignation nf T. V. Ellzcy.
Life Sentence for Murderer. —
iuuge John H. Burford sentenced
Elmer Vance, at El Reno, to life im-
prisonment for the murder at Sayre
of J. Walter Sheehan and William
Maddox, during a saloon quarrel. 6
Indian Burns to Death.—Bob Tail
Wolf, an aged Cheyenne Indian, was
burned to death in his barn near
Canton. The bay in the barn Ignit-
ed lii some unknown manner and
Wolf entered tho building to get
out some harness. The roof fell,
Imprisoning him.
Frantz 8tands on Record. — Gov-
ernor Frank Frautz has officially an-
nounced himself a candidate for the
gubernatorial nomination on the
Republican ticket. He Is the first
Republican to publicly announce
his candidacy, although two other
candidates have been mentioned by
their friends.
New Depot in Shawnee. — Plans
are now being drawn for a $100,000
passenger station to be erected in
Shawnee by the Rock Island rail-
[ road. The structure will be located
ore block west of the present tie-
I pot. A large freight depot is also
lung erected by the road at this
point.
Planning a B<g Rally. — The pr.>-
hilltionists of Oklahoma and Indian
Territory are planing a big rally In
Oklahoma City to formally consoli-
date the two departments of the
Anti-Saloon League May 15 and 16.
Tlje latter portion of the last day
will be given to speeches of prohib’-
tionlsts of national reputation who
will attend the meeting.
Officer Whipped By Indians. —
When Constable John Newby, of
Gotebo. attempted to arrest a Kiowa
Indian at Rainy Mountain he was
attacked by three other Indians
and severely beaten until In a criti-
cal condition. Deputy Sheriff Poole
then visited the place and made the
arrest. All Newby’s ussailnnts havo
also been arrested.
Perry the line was over a mile long
Enid, Perry, Alva, Woodward wer*
cities by Monday morning. Govern-
or lien few sent in his appoint
merits for officers in the counties
late alphabetically named. Each
town elected its own officers, ny
Monday night the machinery of the
American government was estab-
lished.
"On Mny 23, 1895, the next addi-
tion to Oklahoma came in the shape
of the Klckapoo Indian reservation
20G.CG2 acres, in eastern Oklahoma
which wub made a part of Lincoln
ami Pottawatomie counties. This
according to th# article In Apple-
ton's Magazine, “was the lust land
opened by the ‘run’ plan.”
Sequoyah Monument Association,
—An enthusiastic meeting was held
at Muldrow to organize the Se-
quoyah Monument Association, t.he
object being to erect a monument to
the memory of Sequoyah, the in-
ventor of the Cherokee alphabet
and the greatest Indian genius
that ever lived.
Abolishsd Three Offices. — Secre-
tary Garfield has issued an order
wiping out the land, Indian and In
(Han Territory divisions of the in-
terior department and transferring
all the work to the general land
office and Indian bureau. The em-
ployes will be shifted to those
bureaus. Luther Smith, chief of the
division of Indian Territory, be-
comes law clerk in the Indian
bureau.
Fruit Crop Will Be Large. — C. A
McNabb. secretary of the Oklahoma
board of agriculture, advocates an
immediate organization of the fruit
growers of the state to prepare for
taking care of the coming crop. He
says that 100 cars of Elbcrta
peaches fell to the ground and rot
ted in Oklahoma last year because
of a shortage of crates and other
packages In which to ship the fruit
out. He advises the growers this
year to organize and place orders
very early for sufficient packages ti
move the crop In each comnipnity
If they wait until harvest time, he
says, the rush of orders will be sr
great th * t they cannot secure hpll
enough packages. “Every indlda
tion points to a record breaking
fruit crop," he said, “and unless
some unforeseen circumstances be-
fall the fruit crop this year will be
as great as any two ever before
gathered In Oklahoma.”
Marshal Bennett's Report. — Mar
sbal Bennett has just completed a
statement of the number of prison
trs that have been -landed in the
Western district since he went int<
office October 1C, 1897, up to the
end of the present quarter, covering
nearly ten years of service. Th*
number of prisoners that have been
put in jail Is rather surprising
There have been 10,455 prisoners
received at the jail. Of those
3,45!* were released on bond and ni
the total number put in jail only
2,292 have been acquitted of th*
charges against them. There are
now 2.721 persons in the Western
district under indictment and 1.66?
arc under arrest. Of these then
are 188 in jail. Out of the total
lu,455 persons put in jail the !<u
cony cases lend ail the rest wilh
3.4 40 charges, while the liquor case-'
follow with 2,338 charges. In thi'-
district during the past ten year*
there have been 621 murder case*
and 724 assaults to kill.
"Con” Men Arc Sentenced. —
Judge Burford. at Guthrie, sen-
tenced J. C. Berg and A. Mlttinge.
two confidence men, to serve thru
years each in the penitentiary. They
were charged with robbing J V.
Shelton, of Hutchinson, Kan. (i
$122 while on the train between Ok-
lahoma City and Guthrie and it u-
veloped also that they robbed at,
old man from Rurrton, Kan. Janie*
Fuller was given one year for
ing mortgaged property.
Two Bootleggers Wounded. — *t
the same hour, in two different
partn of Muskogee, two bootlegger.-'
in making their escape from depotv
marshals were wounded. At the K
O. & G. depot a negro prisoner
broke and ran from Deputy Marsha
Fooy. The latter fired five tiui«—
Although wounded in Ihe leg th<
man got away. In the south part of
tho city at the same time Deputy
I ,ed better confiscated a large qua*
tlty of whisky and gave chase !<
the owner. He fired at the fleeing
negro. The latter. L. 8. Billing'
gave himself up. He has a build
bole in the tldgh.
Cleveland City of First Class. —
A proclamation was issued tonight
by Governor Frantz declaring Cleve-
land. In Pawnee county, a city of
the first class, having required 2,590
population.
Cattle Killed in Train Col’is.on. —
A string of heavy oil cars crash. •!
into a poultry i.n-i cattle train in
the Missouri, Kansas ti Texas yard-*
at Muskogee, rcatterlng poultry in
all directions, and killing s. verjl
head of catije. j. K. Callahan of
Greenville, Tex., emerged from the
wreck slight!- injured.
Resign'd and Gave No Rssson. —
8. O. Booth, office deputy United
States marshal at Tulsa, has ten-
dered his resignation to United
States Marshal Leo. E. Bennett. He
has assigned no reason.
Hobart Bond Election. — The rlty
council of Hobart has ordered •!
special election, for Tuesday. May
14. to vote on u bond issue prapo-n
tion of $65,600. The Improvements
| proposed an- $25.m»0 for waterworks
I extension, $25.<'90 for towers and
$i5.06U for road lmpr*>%« meals.
I !<iie.
Banker's Hearing Set. — The led
erni indictments returned by •'»
Guthrie grand Jury against Chari"*
E. Billingsley, president, and Janie1-
C Robb, vice-president of the d>-
funct Capitol National Bank, wl!
come up for hearing in the fc-iien-
court at Stillwater on April to. will
A:-si«ei it(- Jii'ttce Irvin presiding <
Lightning Ki' c " Cavalry Mourn
—l uring a : o» ere thunder storm
fi.-c he's s 1« ! >nglag to n troop ef
t! Hdrietnih eavalry at Ft. S...
V I re t illed by ilgh'llilig wLICU
fcl'-'fk it- stuMor
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Simmons, J. Mason. The Manchester Journal. (Manchester, Okla.), Vol. 14, No. 45, Ed. 1 Friday, April 12, 1907, newspaper, April 12, 1907; (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc496940/m1/2/: accessed April 23, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.