The Sayre Headlight, Vol. 22, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 14, 1920 Page: 4 of 18
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THE SAYRE HEADLIGHT
Q/T-or-Q^®y
Barrett’s Pan-American League
Following hi* retirement from the
Pan-American union at Washington,
after 14 year* us Its director general
and 25 years of olllclal International
aervlce, John Hurrctt has announced
the enrly organization of nn unofllclal
league of American countries and
peoplm,
“Having turned over the direction
of this International olliee to niy suc-
cessor, Dr. L. 8. Itowe, It may he lif-
ting to answer numerous Inquiries ro-
periling my future pinna." he said.
"Supported by the favorable attitude
of representative sentiment already
tested In every American country, 1
shall contribute ns much effort na
possible to completing the organization,
already Initiated by me, of a great
popular and practical, hut unofllclal
league or association of the American
countries and peoples, which will pos-
sibly lie known ns the 'league of the
Americas' or 'Pnn-Amerlcnn league.
“Its purpose will he to associate In nn unofllclal International
lean organization, with no'lonnl subdivisions, a rapidly grow ng
representative men and women from Canada to Chile.
"Its members realize the Immense possibilities for the P«» • 1
and general good of the western hemisphere, and hence of the w t rW
which cnn result from their co-ordinated economic, civic, so<
tual co-operation, free fora governmental and political control.
=n
HAT Is ihc most faiuo,—. —uU“'
lulu lu all the world? Pike's
IVuk, lu ull probability. 'Vh> ?
Because about H.ISKI.UJO people
from all quarters of the globe
have ascended to Us l t.iut' foot
summit.
Pikes Peak celebrated toe
one hundredth anniversary of its
first ascent the other day. H
was a notable event. In that the
mountain In a way ep'tomlzes tlie progri>s of the
Although Lieut. Zebulon >1. Pike. C. S. A., the
Intrepid explorer, first discovered Pikes Beak »'
IgOti, he never scaled the mountain, saying
task was Impossible for a human being. Hut Dr.
Bdwln James, a member of the expedition o!
Major Long, In 1820, aceoinpllshed the feat.
Major Long. In honor of James’ accomplishment,
named the peak “James’ Peak," but us eurly as
180 'rappers and plainsmen named It "Pikes
'"Peak,” and Fremont put it so on the map.
In 1878 a bridle path was built; a wagon
road to the summit was built In IS8H and in lS'Jl
the cog wheel railroad, nine Miles Ion?# "as
built. The weather bureau established a Mutlott
on the summit, fn 1910 the present automobile
road was Auilt at a cost of $3UU,tW0, ufter two
years of coflMruction work. This road is eighteen
miles long, rfliaa 6,01)5 feet In that distance, has
an average gnn\ of seven per cent and a maxi-
mum grade of 10%^ per cent, with I- per cent
of the line In eurves.Mt is twenty feet wide with
curves as wide as fifty feet.
In April, 11)11), a government war tank at-
tempted to climb the peak over the automobile
highway, hut broke down in the deep snow drifts
and did not make a second attempt. A month
later a caterpillar, used for artillery hauling,
made the summit without difficulty. August 3.
191D, an airplane, piloted by Alexander l.endrutn
of Colorado Springs made a successful trip over
the summit of the peak.
This brings us to date. Now man Is reforest-
ing the lower slopes of the famous peak.
But first a word about the first ascent. Dr.
James was only 23 years old at the time. Starting
from Council Blulls, the explorers reached what
lg now Colorado City July 12. 1820. July 13 he
started with four men for the lop. The late
Frederick S. DeHeiibuugh, a member of several
government expeditions In the west, wrote this
of the climb of Dr. James:
“Aboui tiooti iluty came to the Bolling Spring,
the present well-known spring of Mnnltou. which
gives name to the stream of which It forms a
source. This beautiful spring was A great inter-
est to James and they had their lunch beside it.
Through Its crystal waters could be seen on the
bottom the offerings of heads and trinkets by
-the Indians.
“The night of the 13th, James and his com-
panions spent In a most uncomfortable place, and
on the next morning started early with the hope
of making the round Journey before dark. About
noon, the timber line. 11720 feet, was reached
and by 4 o'clock they sioad on the mighty sum-
mit, 14.108 feet above the sea and 8.000 feet above
the plains, and could see on the cast the prairie
ocean melting Into the limitless distance, while
on the other hand spread away a broad chaos of
peaks, canyons, valleys fading into the depths of
the unknown wilderness. Vast clouds of grass-
hoppers were flying over the p<*sk. sometimes
dense as nltnost to obscure the light.
“After half an hour on Ihc majestic summit, now
reached by a prosaic railway, the descent begun.
Losing their course, they failed to reach the camp
of the previous night and were forced to sleep
out with no food or shelter or comfort of any
kind; not after all so awful as It sounds. As
soon as light came In the morning the)- continued
and reached (heir camp only to find It ablaze;
the fire had spread and consumed everything
except a few scraps of food, on which they
greedily breakfasted."
The American Forestry Association of Wash-
ington bstimmea that out of the Ifitt million odd
acres or national forests there are seven and a
half million acres In need of planting or seeding
to re-establish iree growth. Die yearly loss to
11* nation In forest products from lands suited
oulv for the production or timber and now Idle Is
said to he *05,000,WO. No large win, have been
specifically appropriate'! '« ^.iresi
the denuded lands within the national forests, so
thnt the acreage planted each year ha* been nomi-
nal and the work of an experimental character. In
plcklne the areas In the national forests where
PQAD VPHEZSEZAPT*
planting is to be carried on, extremes of condi-
tions have been sought so that this early, re-
stricted reforestation would in the years to come
serve to point the way to carrying out more ex-
tensive operations.
Due of the ureas chosen lies upon the slopes
of Bikes Beak mid includes the fire-denuded por-
tions of those watersheds from which several
towns. Including Colorado Springs and Mnnltou,
secure municipal water. A reconnaissance study
has shown there are twelve or fourteen thousand
acres from which the forest growth wns swept by
fire In the early days before the growing demand
for water brought realization of the high value of
tree growth us a water conserver. In addition
to the forest products which can be produced
from the lands and the value of the tree growth
ns a water conserver, there Is the high value of
establishing trees eventually to heal the ghastly
fire scars upon the mountain slope, as Colorado
Springs and Mnnltou, two cities closely related to
each other, represent one of the greatest tourist
centers In the West today.
The conditions of the locality were severe for
planting. The uneven distribution of moisture,
high dry winds of spring und summer and also In
winter when the temperatures are low. the lack of
foil over mu .i of the area and the movement of
the soil on the steeper slopes mnde tip these diffi-
culties. The soil, composed of large particles of
gravel, comes from the decomposition of coarse-
grained granite which forms the mountain masses
of the Bikes Beak group.
Study of tite reforestation problems upon
Pikes Beak was made by W. J. Gardner. Ibis
study was very complete and weighed the diffi-
culties 10 he overcome in successfully establish-
ing tree growth upon the barren slopes. One
very Interesting point brought out In this study
was the date of the fires which devastated such
Inr-e areas In the vicinity of Colorado Springs.
From the age of the young tree growth and the
scars upon trees Injured by fire and vet not killed,
Mt. Gardner determined that a greater part of the
area devastated had been swept by n conflagra-
tion of a series of fires between the year 1850 and
D-,3 This date Is Interesting ns It shows the
,|,nV which has elapsed since the destruction of
(he forest growth and how slow must be the re-
turn of forest growth to such lands by natural
means. In short, the high demand for nil water-
fl,,w from the area and the recreational use then
being ,„ade and thnt which can he expected In
the nenr future, combined with the value and use
of nil forest predicts grown upon this potential
forest land so Immediately accessible. Justified
not waiting for natural reproduction hut establish-
ing such growth by artificial means.
Believing H best to produce the trees under
the same conditions lit which they were to be
planted, two nurse.) locations were chosen high
on the big mountain, the land cleared, shade
frames erected and seed sown. Then 50.U0U yel-
low pine seedlings were brought In from western
Nebraska and planted In Clementine Gulch, about
"two and n half mile* from one of the nursery
sites. There are no records to show wltnt weather
conditions prevailed at the time or followed this
planting. A careful search over the area In the
fall of "ifif 17 resulted In the discovery of hut one
needling alive.
The reason for tills practically total failure
ttUs given as largely due to the fuel thnt seedlings
raised at Hnlsty were notable to withstand the
sudden Change In the higher altitude. It wns
proved later that seedlings of any sizes or from
' other localities with markedly different
climatic conditions wore not strong enough to
survive the rlgorou conditions found here; that,
In fact It would lake transplants of the more
vigorous tyl>e to produce result*. These ex|*rl-
meats shower) that while there was some ad-
vantage In prmvlrg the plums under the same
conditions In which they would lie set out, many
points which would offset this advantage would
be gained In laving the nursery located at a
lower altitude, where more vigorous plants could
be produced in the longer growing season and the
trees he dug and placed upon the planting areas
as soon as weather conditions made spring licit
planting possible.
The tnoomueut nursery site was chosen und
developed In she spiring of 1907 as a result of *h<
two years' experience with the other two stmt
sites. The monament site has proved satisfactory
and Is now producing the large amount of yellow
pine. Douglas fir und Engelmann spruce, nnd t
small amount of llnther pine now being planted
nearly upon Bikes Beak.
After field pluntlng, further seedlings of Doug-
las fir were brought In and planted In the Bear
Creek region with a little better success, ns this
small planting showed thirty-five per rent afire.
Of this field planting, a study was made and
a nmp completed showing the extent of the t.'p't
which should he (limited with the different species
of trees which grow orlglnully upon the nreu. I he
first experiments were made at the lower alti-
tudes with yellow pine and Douglas fir. In the
more recent years Ihc production of Kngeltnatm
spruee nnd limber pine for the high planting
types has been taken up. The low percentage
of survival In the earlier plantings showed ti.a
need of the most vigorous transplants that could
be produced, and tills was secured In the two
one plant, ns leaving the tree two years In Hie
seed bed gave a plant readily handled In trans-
planting, while the one year In the transplant
bad produced a well developed tree with a clus-
tered root system mnde up of fine rootlets of
much grimier nren than that of tree crown or
evaporating surface.
Some 4.575 acres have been planted on the
Bike national forest, for the most part In the
Colorado Springs region and in the vicinity of the
famous auto highway to the top of Bikes Beak.
An additional thousand acres is also being re-
forested In lids vicinity. Fully eighty-live per
cent or the area which Inis been artificially planted
to pines and spruces run he considered ns sac- (
ressfully stocked with trees. Such losses a! have
occurred are due principally to the planting of
Austrian pine, a species which Is here mt of Its
habitat. While fall planting may succeed In
regions where there are early nnd abundant snows,
such conditions cannot he depended upon along
the eastern slopes of the Ilocky mountains.
Tt* principal species planted are yellow pins
on the lower foothills, which In turn gives way
to Douglas fir nnd Engelmann spruce on Ihc
higher -lopes, limber pine being used for windy,
exposed regions. The trees are planted eight by
eight feet or about 700 an acre, nnd the average
cost of planting, Including the cost of producing
,he trees at the nursery, Is approximately $11 an
,cre which Is considered moderate when the
rug-eii nnd rocky region In which the reforesta-1
Hon work l» being carried on Is considered. Gen-
erallv speaking, It may he said that the annual
survival of trees varies from 01 to DO per cent. |
There was little public Interest In the work |
at flr-t The slow growth of the trees and the
slight showing each year hud much to do will,
this lark of enthusiasm on the part of the puh.lc,
l„ f.„t In the early plantings complaint was
made (though scrupulous care was taken to guard
......... id that In planting these watersheds the
pre-enre of camps for the planters would pollute
v, a ter of the title* using It for n municipal
sm,pi> Due prominent citizen spoke with ridicule
he" | reject, claiming It was nhstird to spend
tl , o.....* money' fi-r reforestation above an
n I) I, tt'D* of 7.W*) fee' hem use above this altitude
the growth wns «o slow that such plantings could
never I...... value. Now that the trees show wel
out the plantations, there Is hearty approval foi
what has been accomplished.
So It seems ,he ntllllnns of those who
have seen Bikes Beak may not know the on
fellow when next they make the trip, for he will
have a new face some day.
<& is jo, Wulars Nsvspspsr Unto*.)
There are not many people be-
sides Charles M. Schwah—not more
than a dozen or so In the whole coun-
try, perhaps—who safely could an-
nounce the Invention of nn oil-burn-
ing engine so much better than any
of Its predecessors thnt front the same
amount of fuel It develops three times
as much of available energy as the
best of steam-driven, oil-fired engines.
Thnt is n statement so large thnt It
would be heard with credulity only
when coming from n man known to
deal In facts, not In hopes or dreams-
In otlier words, from a man like Mr.
Schwab. As he says thnt the new
| engine has passed beyond the experi-
mental stage anjl has been tested In
practical, commercial operation, both
nflont and ashore, for more than n
year, there seems to be little chance
i that he Is mistaken.
1 Comparison between this engine
and other Internal combustion , _
Is not definitely given In Mr. Schwab's first public announcement of are
achievement of Arthur West, the Bethlehem company's designer, hut to de-
crease by two-thirds the fuel ured by vessels that burn coal to make steam,
nnd to do It with a two-cycle engine only hnlf ns Inrge ns n four-cycle eng n
of the same power, Is enough to bring about one of the “revolutions In Indus-
try" thnt are so much more often prophesied than seen.
One and the most Important, effect of this Invention. If It does prove In
' general use ns effective as Mr. Schwab's description Implies, will he mat*
Hally to mitigate the apprehension felt all over the world as to fuel supplies.
“Roast Reindf^r, Please Rare |
Within two yenrs reindeer meat
will he on sale In butchers' shops In
most cities of Ihc United Stales and
Canada nnd before many more yenrs
It will have supplanted beef, to a
Inrge extent, In the diet of the people
of this continent
This prophecy Is read Into the an-
nouncements that the oldest and
wealthiest trading concern In the
world, the Hudson Bay company, Is
hacking the reindeer ranching project
of Villijaltmir Stefansson. famous Arc-
tic explorer, and that the Canadian
government Itself Is going Into the
reindeer business.
The first commercial reindeer
ranch Is to be established next spring
In Baffin land, where the Hudson Bay
company has leased a large tract of
land from the government for the
purpose. A shipload of reindeer Is to
bo transported from Norway In the
spring.
The Canadian government Is lasing n hand In the game In Labrador,
where It already has a small herd of the animals. It has appointed CapL A.
H yV|nB 0f the Dominion Barks branch, to Increase and domesticate this
Stefnns.eon has been employed. It Is understood, to create a new depart-
ment of the company and to act as general manager of the reindeer project
Mrs. Logan on American Beauties
Mrs. John A. Logan, widow of the r
famous general, who, on five different
occasions, has presented bevies of
beautiful American girls nt foreign
courts, herewith names six prominent
candidates from Washington as being
quite ns exquisite, if not more so. than
the six English girls designated by the
British artist, E. 0. Hoppe, ns the love-
liest In that land. Says Mrs. Logan;
"I proudly submit Miss M.vra Mor-
gan, a petite blonde; Miss Lindsay
Wood, a tall, slender blonde, and MUs
Sidney Burleson, youngest daughter
of the povtmnslcr general; Miss Mar-
garet Crosson, a grandniece of James
G. Blnlne; Miss Marcia Chaplin nnd
Mrs. Nancy Lane Knnffman, recently
a bride and (laughter of the former
secretary of the Interior.
"1 am sorry Mr. Hoppe presented
so small a list of feminine beauties, for
It Is difficult to cnoosc six from a bevy
of such lovely women as we have In
Washington." She odds: _
“1 have had a vast experience In conducting pnrtles of beautiful young
American girls abroad nnd many of them have come from Washington.
"The natural manner, freedom from affectation, grace and modesty of the
American girls l have chaperoned abroad were an endless altractloa."
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Seely, Charles J. The Sayre Headlight, Vol. 22, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 14, 1920, newspaper, October 14, 1920; Sayre, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc405255/m1/4/: accessed March 19, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.