The Times-Democrat (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 16, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 7, 1918 Page: 4 of 12
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n
Top
(Continued from l.ast Week)
It rtiant saKV tous tor the Tommies
to answer this call. Half drwswd.
to answer tins can. imo >»»— - tunltXj our niieis aim i »■ -v
They lined up with their canteens ami v iU),.l0,»«ately with the dinner is
I dished out the tea. Er-cb Tommy iMnner consisted of stow mad
carried in his hand a thlcX 01 - ■• «—-» - ■»« sntafc
bread which had boon Issued with the
rations the night before. Then I had _
•.he pleasure of seeing thorn dig uvu (N4;u,H,;i.,,>a a« <mc the men to spear
the bncoo with their dirty fingers. The wj;h ,h ,r fl>rts tto two lonely pota-
allowance was one slice per man. The
^ n«. he d -os not care to have n ngfc*-
ed ^iaw:, in hi- mouth.
Stwt.hr bearer* carry f#*8 ftr
uoisnded Tommies. When* stretcher
hearer arrives alorgside of a Tommy
wjjo ha* n hit the following o nver-
Kition usually takes placet Stretcher,
braret—"Want a f*S? Whore are yon
hit?" Tommy >'>i»ks up and answers.
"Yes. In the leg."
Vfter dismissal from parade. we re-
turned to our billets and I had to jet
' - -v -—ff J®.
made
from fresh heef. a couple of sptnls.
bully beet. M-.Ntio.hie ran on s and wa-
ter—plenty of water. Thore is groat
IJIlr "vi1
as each Tommy got his share he im-
mediately disappeared into the billet.
Prett? -.-on about fifteen of them made
allowance was one »ucc i-ci |oes>
late ones received very small *llees. vftM- l5iunt»r I tried : - wash out
the dixie with cold water and a ra.c.
learned another maxim of the
pretty soon aoout nuo™. »•« »»"» — ;n.acho<_-lt ^nt be don. . ' 1 slyly
4 rush to the wWmu*'. each carr>i:.,. ^ „n,. of the older «kh from
4 huge snee of bread. The>e site . -aectk®. and was ho rrified to
they dipped into the bacon grease ,hr>iw imo his dixie four or
which was stewins: overtheMire. The ^ ^ ^ .,
^gt ma a Invariably lo>t out. i wa-
the last maiu
dixie four or
of mini Then he
poured in some water, arid with his
;he cook shack. being careful t
! . • n.> 541TIC1.. Ifnii^ .«.* .w ■ pUt OU
apd parade, and «»>e l»et»«h- iih« n«n j nMurn,>,l to the billet.
Jho uas u^ha^Mi. v* had mud ou h.s I
uniform. C'eai '.ineas is next to i v; .
acss n il»e H f.>h sruiy, nr.d V IVr
£r rnnst baxe Nva v ac-
quainted with St. lVter. ;
Onr drill desisted of v*ose-order
iwnattor wUivfa lasted until nown.
JHirirc this time we had :»>' uv-nuc-
«e breaks for test, sua wis or tft
-mil ou: for utmutes, was
Rites', than each Tawny ou! *
and ".i*hted It.
rur «e iSB-uc.t y Sv.t tuont-
vv and j . - ^
;wec".v and -.- V- brand ?e=
orally issued is the -W • .-..tf. >
we are hsciy a-^A £<t -v-^
takes' -V vers or - - :• - ^
Oceas: sUy aa iss--' "1- - - -•
■AWS Th-.f t>.e . vr Tor. r. •-
innr'--•-••«• yet tmsy - *V r>- -
iftd WsmK* these for ~«\vdv
•^OMasits.* A recrait *«Iy bss to
fcf ceases w a iwr :t: Tfc-^re is s.
' jNMMk Tuouay is a ?rw»" cigarette
-~tx>kee. He ssh^tes easier t'-. C«®-
tM& exwp« when *-5eor.s.~.o-;s . -
when he is rarMMftrriag in No Mil's i
l it.- :' r ^rtocs na-
r^Ki
ThrxH" tins of one apple and fhe
other two |dnm.
Sover.teeti lWr nvda ontous. all dif-
ferent sires.
A pi<se 0! «l;e.v-e in tl.e sliape of a
wet^je.
Two one-pou-f'. t;m« of butter.
A handful of misins.
A tin of biscuits, or a> Tommy calls
them "Jaw breakers."
A lH»ttle of mustard pi V.e*.
The "bully b.sf." spuds, condensed
milk, fn-^h Iiwat, l*tvn and • Maomo-
chie rations' (a can filled with meat,
vegetables and greasy w ..tor), had been
torn.-d over to tho company oo,.k to
make a stew for next d: > - dinner. He
also received the tea, sucar. salt. p**iv ^
jvr and flour. j
Scratching his head, the corporal (
studied the slip issued to him by the
quarter. Then in a .-low. mystified j
voice he read out. "No. 1 section. 19
men. Bread, loaves, six He looked
puitilod and soliloquized in a musing ,
voice: j
"Six loaves, nineteen men. I-et s see, j
that's three in a loaf for fifteen men— .
veil, to make It even, four ^of you'll ^
hare to muck in on one loaf."
The four that sot stuck made a hovel,
but to no avail. The bread was dished
out. Pretty soon from a far corner of (
the bi'ler. thr>>o Indignant Tommies ac- ,
0^10*1 the corporal with: "
"VThht do you call this, a loaf of
bread? Looks more like a sniping,
plate."
The corporal answered:
"Well, dtvn'i blame me. I didn't K-tke
It: s**mebody-s to s»n it. so shut
up until I dish out these blinkin" ra-
tions."
Then the corporal starts! on the
Jam.
"Jam. three tins—apple one. phitn
two. Nineteen men. three tins. Six
in a tin makes twelve men for two tins,
seven in the remaining tin."
He pas-^td 0 round the jam. and
there was another riot. Some didn't
r lifco «nnlf while others who receiveil
^■After a
Etxi ami
of making dessert. This ts
■trench pudding." It i< made from
broken biscuits, condeuscd milk. jan>—
«■ little water added, sliplitly flavored
with mud—put into a «inte«>n and
ov.k.M ««ver a little spirit stove known
as "Tommy's cooker."
(A firm in P.liuhty widely advertises
tht*so cokers as a nudity U<f tiio
ra.n in the trenches. Gullible lx^oplo
buy them—ship them to the Tommies,
v ... iintne«liately upon receipt of same
throw them over the parai>et. Soim^-
titfos a Tommy falls for the ad. and
ti-,--: tho cooker in a dugout to the dis-
gust and discomfort of the other 00
cu pants.)
This mess Is stirred up in a tin ana
allowotl to simmer over the llaines
from the cooker until Tommy decides
that it has reached sufficient (cluelike)
consistency. He takes his bayonet and
hf" means of the handle carries the
■Ktt up la the front trench to cool.
After it has cooled off lie tries to eat it.
Generally one or two Tommies in a
section have cast-iron stomachs and
the tin is soon emptied. Once I tasted
trench pudding but only once.
In addition to the recular ration is-
sue Tommy uses another channel to
enlarge his menu.
In tho English papers a "Lonely
[ Soldier" column is run. This is for
j the soldiers at the front who are sup-
posed to l>e without friends or rela-
tives. Thoy write to the" papers and
their nannrs are published. Girls and
j women in England answer them, and
I semi out parcels of i".«odstuffs. ciga-
I reftos. candy, ete. I have known a
"lonely" soldier to revive as many as
•five parcel* and eleven letter? in one
j week.
flag-draped stretcher, carried by four
soldiers. 1 was one ot the four, tto-
hind the stretcher, in column of fours,
came tht' remainder of the section.
To get to the cemetery, wo had to
pass through the little shell-destroyod
village, where troops were hurrying
to and fro.
As the funeral procession passe<l
these troops came to the "attention"
and smartly saluted the dead.
Poor l'ete was receiving the only sa-
lute a private is entitled to "some-
! where in France."
i Now and again a shell from the Ger-
; man lines would go whistling over the
i village to burst in our artillery lines
lii the rear.
When we reached the cemetery we
halted in front of an open grave, and
laid thr stretcher beside it. Forming
a belle ., square around the opening of
the grave, the chaplain read the burial ]
j service.
1 German machine-gun bullets were
I "cracking" in the air al»ove us. but
j Pete didn't mind, and neither did we.
S When the body was lowered in*) the
; grave the flag having been removed.
! we clicked our heels together and
j tame to the salute.
1 I left before the grave was filled in.
I could not bear to see the dirt thrown
on the blanket-covered face of my com-
rade. On the western front there are
no coffins, and you are lucky to get a
blanket to protect you from the wet
and the worms. Several of the sec-
tion stayed and decorated the grave
1 with white stones.
I That nicht. in the light of a ionely
I candle in tho machine gunner's dugout
i of the front-line trench I wrote two
letters. 0:10 to Pete's mother, the
Thursday, March 7, 1918
] vould stop to cough, cough, cough, but
t was a good illustration ■
•heerfulness under such conditions. _
A machine-gun officer entered
lugout and gave me a hard look. »
sneaked past him. sliding 1 slipp nj.
,nd reached my section of the front-
ine trench, where I was greeted by
he sergeant, who asked me. Wh.rt
11 ave you been?"
I made no answer, but sat on th
muddy fire step, shivering with the
xdd ami with the rain beating in my
face About half an hour later I
teamed up with another
went on guard with my head stlcking
lover the top. At ten o'clock I was
I relieved and resumed my#'"1"!? Po-
tion on the fire step. The rain sud
denly stopped and we all breathed a
sigh of relief. We prayed for the morn-
ing and the rum issue.
CHAPTER X.
"The Day's Work."
I was fast learning that there is «
regular routine about the work of the
trenches, although it Is badly upset at
times bv the Germans.
The real work In the (Ire trench
commences at sundown. Tommy
like a burglar, he works at n ght.
Just as it begins to get dark the
word "stand to" is passed from trav-
er«e to traverse, and the men get busy.
The first relief, consisting of two men
to a traverse, mount the (ire s p.
man looking over the top. wI.M>- th
other sits at his feet, ready to < arry
I messages or to Inform the platoon offl-
| cer of any report made by the
1 »o his observations In No Man
1 Land. The sentry Is not allowed to
CHAPTER VIII.
ere
< r.t 1
Rest -3 Sack e* trt
: — sa .
AiJit*.
Sof Ir^y
.——--
Pretty
laraesj
w«we .
IVcc-
I pr\s«
N. ur c
tempt.
infd so
rtaitae
The doctor who
- aay v^oplo in So ..:r.em Kar.-
s^Vr - N . r*.h - rr ^ " " -
severs year? will be at
Orient Ho*e!
THURSDAY, MAR. 14
firm nine a. ni. to :o-r p. r."..—
One day every four ureek>
All persons ho have a:.-
mects or in::rrr.:t:es "r.a: havt
baffle^: the skill of :.*.e family
physiciar.. are :r.viteo. to oa...
Married ladies n.u>: be ac-
c«aipanied by ;heir husbands
and tr.inors by their parents.
Ask for proof of cures ef-
fected. Examination free.
Talk
rra »
witli ^
s*v« the co»>k brs nets a
astd si»out.>l -Ib y. Yank,
at bot>* asd Woan your dixie
- .tt I h;.d wasted a balf-
b It already, and bad used up
ly rvcsaiaiag shirt in the a:-
W h a h*4 : tfisdatn he es-
{- me. your shirt: Why
■ didn't you use nswlT"
a weed in reply I a»t basj-
fce k»L and sooo my dixie
asd skiSUEJc.
; ef the a ft era- «^n wsts spent by
•rn writ:ag bftt.is b»>rae. I n-^1
arv tiase to chop weed foe the
a»l co with the quartermaster to
rv*L 1 »<t Nark last in time to
1<r a-eaL wfekfc «%asisted
,rt j risked out tay dii> acd
cd it to th^ o>kboase. and went
th** billet with aa exbi'arated
. my -lay's sboc was «K>ne.
falhra a<!*^p ea the straw when
sgaits the (Wk appeared in th»*
f t>e Nt'v with: -Rtime a»e. ywa
are buy Who in a-c*^a" to
the wat-* for the asocuiu" tea?
Ma -h-nk Tn . svin* to? Well.
and he left. I filled the dfcrte
ra-er fr oM sqaeakla* weii.
cse* agate lay dewa ta the «traw.
C-APTER VII.
is ooe degr
fit.
raw the next
« to tale ay *
tor Coughs & Colds
==§fc,: Ba3*5* C«eK3*;<d:
■orporal avoided a row by say- j
l^LfthS tir^^th^U »I
I guessed I trould do witln^ut one too..
The corporal looked bis gratitthle.
-Cheese. j*>n:ids. two." j
The cerporal botrovred a jackkr.ife j
(corporals are always borrowing), -nd j
sliced the cheese—each slicing bring j
tag forth a pert remark from the on- j
lookers as to the corporal's eyesight, i
"Raisins, ounces, eight."
By this time the corporal's nerves j
had'gone west, and m despair he said
that the raisins were to be tamed over j
ro the cook for "duff" (plum pudding), i
This decision elicited a linle -gr»us- J
ing.** bat quiet was finally restored.
-Biscuits, tins, one."
With his borrowed Jackknife. the |
corporal opened the tin of biscuits, and .
told everyone to help themselves—no- '
■ body responded to this invitation, j
! •p.'Tamv is "fed np~ with biscuits.
-Batter, tins tw«.~
-Xine in ww. ten in the other."
Anoth r rumpus.
-Pickles mustard, bottles. ooe.*»
Xinet«>~a names were pat in a steel
fcdmei. the last one out winniag the
piek'.os Ou the next i<^ue ther«- were
on'y 1< sanns. as the winner Is eiimi
aated until every man in the s*vtwn
tta< a bottle.
The ruffle is H.>sely aratcbed. be-ause
Tmuqit is suspieivos vhtu it cvaies to
-jimblin^ with his ratioc-
Whoo the issue is finished the <v#-
p«»ral sits dowa and writes a letter
h*wie. asking them if they ran#.'' get
st*ae M. P. (member of i-ari'iament) to
• <traw. him transferred to the Royal Fly-
-ric o>rps where he won't have to isst*
ratios.
At tfco dWereat *>vts»-h estamiaets
n the village and at the caateens Tota-
" .epvil aiy buys fresh eggs. milk, bread and
rwstrv. tVeasiona ly when be is rtasb.
.^ai i< ke iavests In a tin of pears «*r apri-
la the «»ts. His is only a shilling a day
* above ^ cvats. oramtaa b»*«r. Jast imag-
ine. * cent aa Ixvatr for being end-e
**a and cbam^ e< getting neb
ratk>as. <Nt there.
When be Into the 6re trenvb
' r*rrB- Rae> TooaasT's ttseia rakes a
lamhte. He tam« la his fcar^sac*
. , .1— v%at tb»» g*>verna»e«t calls rs*oey
The Little Woodtn Cress.
After remaining in rest billets for
eir* : 1 lys. we received the unwelow.e
"g«> in" to "take over." At sis in the
Kiortiing oar m:treh startetl and. after |
a long march down the dusty n)::d. we j
again arrived at reserve billets.
I t « NV 1 in the le-.iding set of j
f, nr*. The man on my left was named j
•me Walling." a cheery sort of fel-
low. He laughed and >»ked all the j
wav oa the mtfreh, bnoytng up my i
dmoping spirits. I co-Ul not figure out
ay.King sttractiw in again occupying
tli". front line, bat Pete did not seem to ;
mind, said it was all in a lifetime. My
left heel was Ni«tered from the rub-.
bing of my heavy marehi-.t; N»t. Pete |
j noticed that I was limpir- and offered f
to carry my rifle, but by this ti me I had ;
learned (he ethics of the march in the;
British army and courteously refused |
his offer. j
We had gotten half-way thrv>cgh the t
«swariiimjeati«*n trench. Pete in my im-,
nunliate rear. He had his band on my }
shoulder. a« men in a communication j
trv arh have to «K> to keep in t-wicb with ■
each other We had just climbed • ver
a bashed-ia part of the trench wh.
la onr rear a man tripped over a loose -
sicnal wire, and b»t on: an oath. As
nsual. Pete rallied so his help- To
r^aeh the fallen man be had to cross,
this hasbed-in part. A ballet cracked
ia the air and I .lucked. Then a wmn
'-.-mi the rear. My boart st-^d srtll-
I went hack and Pete was lying on the
_i n—1 By the aid of my tefcHght
I <aw that he bad his hand pressed to
his light breast. The fir.rers were cvv-
.red with blowL 1 «?<hed the fight
.a bis fhoe and in its giow a gray.st-
> :ae coi.-r was st«*ti::J over his coan-
I t. nance. Pete looked up at me and
said: "WelL Tank, tbey^ve deoe me in.
1 can feel asys*tf going W^st." His
voice was getting 'iirt-r ac-i I bad to
ineel down to get his words. Tfc*u be
rave me a message to write home ta
v:< another and his <"- ^--tbeart. and L
ke a grva: Ng rried Tike a baby,
t was being my ftr^t friend of the
trenches.
Word was ja«e! to the rear for a
-trencher. He died before it a-rived.
;r-fr.
Tak -ia Prov.si©'
with all my heart, and I think that St.
peter noted same. _ .
Th'* machine gunner* in the d,*f
were laughing and >«king. To tnem
Pete was unknown, l^retty soon, intce
wan^stb of their merriment, my Waes
fcarf^eared. One #*»• forgets on the
«e»tern front.
-ret.
•*- frvta bis idea-
> tcsed ia "-he cas-
CHAPTER IX.
Su>ode A?>i*x.
I was ia hsj first dugout acd leaked
around cario«siy. Over the *** **
same was a littie s«« reading >t
ciJe- Annex" Oae of the N»ys to^i
sae that this parricu'ar fr» "t treo« a
wa< cM -Sairide Pitch." Later ou
I Wt^d tbatJMcbine
! Cidv"
TVat dagoas was aaddy.
timlly.
We left Pete th^
' earts ta T
:-a« t-ati.'^s fvc tb f.i«>win^ *ay.
^*wa"-?iTS«S>d. rv»v -e* daily "tv
the eederty ma |eaptaia"s «Are) »
the a«- V- of atea ea-
- -.-.v -atie«< e*-->-e
2S& t,nlw ■ II - " r —' **" M—*
.rpzsf*'* tak» p^.-e btwa the
aid -he pta-o«i« a^»* b="
W atwa« T*a*«y
ays thr "M«arter" gee bt< beeaa*
ijf was a haegtar ia ciril
Tbea I -5-eead the wa'-rprwo* sh^rt
tbe < jarterraa»-
.% ■ — mt* • ■ '
m a fat I
^T**i the ranea< N»-k f the hiOet.
,f ttii •aawka* a ^a<-
e«z -d klii. Bat *?« th'
e«*v ML aa4 I renb
:)at tie Ir4 90n~
III
Hrm 1
JACK TAR
to be .-iM-*ed an ti* Touksv dies »d star-
tatM. They cuassist of eae- ta of
tally Wet fear bisrau < a Ui
wteeb centains tea. sagar aad ^ Ol»
(evacearrated heef u.K^ts).
oaly te be used wbea the
em; e*tafe&jhes a eartata of shea
«a the cvfsm-aa.Vatiaa treaehe*
ia* preveatia* the -vartyiag -» ^
ratfeos. wVa ia aa attack a »>•>**
nv p* has fccea cat o« frvm its &ose
d sapp^»e«-
ithw< are br«ag»c ar *-
hy tbe nap«r U Tto *
jfctaw of the enaajaay ia chary *f
thp ■! | in miff rr «*geaaf. o»eif**d
mi me*. —Inf and Uaaber* (twv>-
whwi-- war**! whKh ssti^ T«a»-
»»■«* *kW ia tbe frw«t feae.
They arv ceastaatly «sder sbefl fire.
TV nn« are a»i<«ded at the ea-
traae- •* the i— nTl.atwa treacle*
aad *re ' i af tied ia1* by asea
Ne th»* rorpe— TV
H* **ss"
ikxtw tefcrased j
y h5a the 3*XT
turning. That aftemoea five t< tbe
. ^ ay«tf laciaied.
....» '-ws -v - <i. s>erted gar*V"t.- 4
•se Utah chavaxs gathered graw
•ad *»wers. Fnta the^e we aai-i- a
reatb.
W=i> the bays wer» aabu tbfc»
-xeatb. I «t aa*r a fh-.<-aired
ppte tree aad car«ed eat tbe ' C*v»-
aa «m a Ittt'e readi*a «bieii
»*ucb a* aai>d *« Pete's crw*.
ar>i dreaaed mwA. I had ae
realized that mtxh disco
■i«ry c«wM be coetaiaed
tteee Uttie letters M C D.
la
:»" -x sj»
i 1» ^—
s - - at . • fCTTT
d^u. the Stet*. Fn« the air shaft
i»»wS»wit above a»e rame a drip.
Aria, drte. Sascide Aaaex was a bote
Lf.
fe*t It w abeat twenty W
the Sre tre»*: at least tbrr>-
we~ -aet-r *efa Beading dewa ta >*
T&es* step<* were cat Into tfc-- .-artb
^ rtat tsaae ware sMabty rd
I prrr A aM bad te be very ireful
! M- id«e he ww^d the ehat«-<~
• TV air **s fea* aad yw «va»d cat
tV -as»-*e fteaa T»a«y^ '^«S with a
SasV. h aa» eei>i. The wa'ts aad
r»W were csg^er^d * ti heaTy «aaar^
![^eacCth»wed with saBdhMrs. N- .S had
aail hms€ * la - ^*t-
til M' <h»tvw«
ts to tbe Front.
relax his watch for a second. If he Is
qn.-*ionod from the trench or asked
bis onb-rs. he replies without turning
around or taking his eyes from the ex-
lanse ..f dirt in front of him. Tbe re
miVf of th»* occupants of his trav
" erse either sit on tbe fire s.ep. with
bayootis fix»-d. ready for any enter
gency. «*r if lucky, and a dugoot hap
pons to be in the near vicinity of tho
traverse, and if the night is quiet, they
• are permitted to go to sauie and try
( and snatch a few wink* of sleep. Little
t sieepinr is don*-: generally the wen sit
around. sm«.kiag fags and -veing who
iaa tHl tbe biggest lie. Some of tbem
jwrhajus with their feet ia water, would
«rite home sympathizing with the
-governor" bt-vaus*- he wws laid up
wi*J» a cold, contracted by getting his
feet wet on his way to wurk in Wool-
wich arsenal, lr a tuan sh old nonage
to deii off. likely a- not be would wake
with a start as tbe clammy, cold feet
,,f « rat j«ssod over his face. «jr the
next relief stepped ou bis stomach
I txbiie stumbling on their way to relieve
i tbe sentries la tbe trench.
| Just try to sleep with a belt full of
I ammunition around you. your tide bolt
' betuig into your ribs, intrvnohing tool
: handie sticking iato tin- small of your
i tact with a tin hat for a pillow aad
| feeling very damp and ivW.
. -wui»" boring foe oil to your ana
! i«i*. tbe air foul from th* stench af
' gria»y human Nxiies and smoke irvrn a
Juicy pipe being w biffed into )or noa
trils then you will not »*4»»!er why
1 Tommy ••vaMooaily takes a tura ta
i tbe trench for a rest.
! Wbiie la a ft-oot-Uae tren«b ocdera
; forbid Tosamy fraa re«t«o tag bis
i b*>t>. patt»-»-«. cK>*biBg or equipcaeaL
The "eaoties" take advantage af thta
«<der and aobtUae their foree*. -ad
Tiaaiaj mrats veageaace on tbem aad
taatters to Uatetf. -Jast wait until I
bit rest billet* and am abb* ta gel my
ewa bach.'
Jast befare daylight tbe meu tara
aad ramble .Hit ot tbe dag*»<i:v t^aa
tb ire <*ep aatil it get* li£hr. or Ae
vtkiaa order -staad dowa" Is tlv»a
$o(£. • — -d. wa" is ar-
•Wt> ■! t Imt ewaaaaed "TS * f round* rap-
>•" H> |V0Hd a*mg th? to w.-b TV.-
3»naa» that each aaa atast rest bis
Tv-»rh ittta' i1 ■!<
■ti he eaa -at Vs»-a£rw
wa t i a ttak >«• ta,",h 4r *JsC
^ca> • aa: • frrtfc * '
*V« «'In p*"Ale he pw* **
aa- dwaa
W - -^'T* »■* t***4 *aaJr Fntx •"*
zz Wbe a "
k; ha* d
ed PWr '-b *a" "
,-r*»-*d him vH i H
jwcit. the hag b** Ihd «b» " ^
The .highi't hd the way. thaa oae
■ ^ |g| — j€ ih» "iwa- J11*awed by :
« 'maed N,
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Shepard, Sue W. The Times-Democrat (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 16, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 7, 1918, newspaper, March 7, 1918; Altus, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc287746/m1/4/: accessed April 25, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.