Mangum Weekly Star. (Mangum, Okla.), Vol. 23, No. 34, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 16, 1911 Page: 1 of 8
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Mangum Weekly Star.
;| VOLUME XXXIII.
MANGUM, GREER COUNTY OKLAHOMA. FEBRUARY 16. 1911.
NUMBER 34.
SWANSON OFFICIALS
ARE IN COUNTT JAIL
•\
Commissioners\nd County Clerk
Arrested ana ocked Up.
GOVERNOR SENDS SHERIFF
OF KIOWA TO TAKE CHARGE
prisoner and they themselves told one
oI Kiowa county's d«*|>utI*>m that they
had been treated nicely a* prisoners.
I Just why these men did noi niuke
| bond Monday la not known but It In
said t.^at thry made no attempt. Sny-
Idtr peopie who said that they were
refused bond were merely mirmising
land they themselves did not k<> to
I Mt. Park and offer to assist their fel-
PRACTICAL SEED PLANTING
Experienced Grower Civet Irstrue 'on*
on Seeds to be Planted thia
Month.
Mrs. M. K. Russell of Dallas, chair
iuvm iri. "1*" ®' 'he Texnx Mothers' ConireHn.
low officers. The three"" prisoner* I f,v's "H> of home and st 'iool gar-
\ ere to i»e given an opportunity Tues- de" r0,»m"fp« hoping It may Interest
day morning to make bond. and teachers, who are gardening this
There was a large crowd In Mt. I™??."1
Park MJon-ay and a number were arm-! *',e springing grass. th° opening
ed but there was no sgteclal detnonstra- v'°'et and the early rose leaves pro-
jtlon. claim nature awakening, and deeding
Sheriff Darlela of Hobart, who came
here upon the call < f Governor Cruce,
claims to feav« found little excuse for
their presence, and iliat fie conditions
hal been greatly exaggerated There
was a large crowd in town upon their
arrival, but they were treated with
the call, we should at once prepare
soil with more than usual care. The
successive drouths Riicg<>st the sain
possibility, and know ing the work nec-
essary In such conditions, we should
make It ours. Digging deeper, fertil-
izing better, having analyzed the soli,
I
Wyati L. Staples Shot and Instantly
Killed by One of the Officers Who
Went to Arrest Commissioner Bull-
More Trouble is Feared.
curtesy, and found no occasion to j adding such tlements as the exper-
make any arrests. Sheriff Daniels re- lence of others have pr.--.jn necessary,
turned to Hobart Tuesday evening and then pulverizing thoroughly, we will
it Is understood, left at once for Okla- i kow ail seeds of hardy perennlaiB, De-
homa City for the purpose of h.ildl-g . sides planting more bui h.
a conference with Governor Cruce, I 1'pon the bed of the bulbs we may
and securing legal advice as to futuie sow seeds for later blooming. the
aetlon. I Phlox, drummond!, sweet willlam or
The commissioners were released (the stately larkspur and the snap-
from Jail Tuesday morning, bail hav- dragon
Mountain Park, Okla.. Feb. 13.—At Before 8 o'clock five automobile
a meeting of the county commission- loads weie otf to the scene of the trou-
ers, iheld in the county jail of Swan- ble.
son county Monday, following the ar- To two prominent citlzeivs of this
rest of <=. E. Bull, J. T. Armstrong and city Mrs. Hull told t.ie mory of the
ti. B. Bristow on charges of felonious- killing of Mr. Staples and the Seizing
ly moving the records of the new coun- of her nusband. f
ty from the legal county seat, the While tuey were talking, young Sta-
bond of Sheriff \V. A. Brasliears, once pies came into the room from his bed-
disapproved by the county commis- room and was met by one of the men,
sloners, was approved by them, ac- wtoo put a gun into his face and'told
cording to a dispatch filed here to the him to "back up." Staples backed in-
press purporting to be signed to his room and just as ne crossed the
by C. E. Bull, chairman of the board, threshhold the revolver went off and
and attested with a signature purport- maples fell back into tha bedroom
ing to be tnat of G. B. Bristow, county dead. The bullet entered the left
clerk. The arrest of Brull came early cheek just under the eye and cam >
Monday morning, and at the time of out oack of the right ea..
his arrest Wyatt L. Staples, a man Early in the forenoon Justice of the
employed by him, was killed by one'of Peace Hugtes summoned a jury and
the arresting officers, who claims that an inquest was nelu to determine the
Staples was resisting. The officers cause of Mr. Staple's death. The ver-
at the county jail will not tell who diet was that the deceased came to
made the arrest. • his death from a sunsnot wound in-
Daniels at Scene. flicted by parties unknown. ~
Sheriff G. W. Danieis, of Kiowa While the excitement, in Snyder wps
county, who reached Mountain Park at its height there came the news that
about 8 o'clock Monday night in re- J- T. Armstrong, another cf t^e com-
.?V>onse to a telegram from Governor missloners had been arrested by an-
Cruce, instructing him to take the sit- other band who went to his farm five
uation in ihand, declared that he did miles west of Cold oprings in this
not expect to make any arrests in con- county, entered his home and compell-
nection with the case for the reasou ed him to arise and accompany them,
tnat he "did not believe it necessary." The clim?x came in the, arrest of
He said further that though he hal G. B. Bristow. Mr. Bristow lives at
been instructed in the telegram from Roosevelt and there are two stories
Governor Cruce that Swanson county here as to hi scapture. One is that fce
no longer existed, he would not re- was on his way to his of£ice here in
move any prisoners from the jail at his automobile &nd was stopped at
.Mountain Park. Mountain Park by armed men; the
> Officers Disguised. other that he was arrested by an of-
The officers who arrested Bull, ap- fice,r at Roosevelt. Neither story can
peared at ihis home about 4:30 o'clock be verified here, but the first one
Sunday morning, and according to le- seems to have the greater number of
ports, meager for the reason that rlie believers.
Mountain Park officials refuse tc talk All of the officials are held'in the
themselves and refuse to allow Bull or °ld frame building that once was used
any ot.ier of the arrested men to talk, for county offices at Mountain Park
ordered Bull to consider himself under and the place is guarded. They are
arrest. Some say that the men were j held "incommunicado" and so far
disguised, while others declare they : none of their friends have been able
were not. vV. A. Braphears supposed to see or talk with them.
to be sheriff of the new county for a Tonight Snyder is as quiet as usual
time, whose bond is said to have been and the ewcitement of the morning is
' approved at a meeting of fche commis- altogether allayed.
sioners in the jail at Mountain Park, There are no gatherings on the
declared that the men who made the streets and the best element of the
arrests, were "deputies of his." He clty are watching carefully to see that
stated that he did not care to uava no overt act of reprisal is committed,
their names get into the newspapers. At 7:30 a man who has just come to
He stated further that he was "not Snyder from Mountain Park says that
particular about any of the trouble be- the people of that village are patrol-
ing made public." 'ng the streets with rifles and if there
At a recent meeting the county com- 's an>' attempt made to release thesj
missloners refused to approve the county officers At will be met with
bond of Brash ears and the bond of P. deperate resistence. He says that the
L. Davis was approved by them. banks and most of the business c ices
After the men arrested Bull, Wyatt of the town have been closed atfday.
L. Staples, a hired man. entered the ^e talked with one of the prominent
room, it is said. What passed is not ment of Mountain Park on . .is mat-
known, but Staples was snot and kill- ter and he says that the question of
ed. hail for the victims of the midnight
Other Arrests. raid ha<* been talked of but not as yet
At about the same time another par- dec'ded upon.
ty of three men entered the home of „ _ . „ ,== =
J. T. Armstrong, another county com- Park, Feb. 15. The excitement
missioner. and arrested him on the over the arrest of the county commis-
same charge on whiah Bull was ar- sioners and county clerk, and the kill-
rested, feloniously removing the rec- ing ot Wyatt L staples, has very
ords of Swanson county from the legal . . . .. . . _ .
county seat. G. B. Bristow, county largeIy *ubsided. and it is now possi-
clerk. also was arrested. hie to get somewhere near the facts
A rumor to the effect that warrants in the case.
are out for many other caunty offi- It seems that a warrant was issued
ciate, so far is unconfirmed. out of the office of a justice of the
Early this evening, farmers began peace at Mt. Park, charging the com-
straggling into Mountain Park, and be- missloners and clerk with malfeas-
fore night more than 100 were here, all ance in office, and .t was upon these
armed. Thfese farmers come from the warrants tnat the officers were
Mountain Park section of Swanson rected.
county, and are prepared to fight in • staples was working for Commis-
order to keep the records here and sioner Bull, and it was while the depu-
prevent the release of any of the m«-.n ties were at Bull's for the purpose of
arrested today. It is said. making the arrest that Staples was
#The arrival of Sheriff Daniels of shot and killed
Kiowa county, wtth four deputies and Staples is alieged to have snapped
authority from Governor Cruce will fcig pistol three times at the deputies,
prevent any violence, it is believed, and they have the pistol, showing this
— to be true. When he snapped it the
THE SNYDER CASE third time one of the deputies fired.
Snyder Okla.. FVb 13—W>n finrt tne bullet striking Staple# between
news of the arrest of Chairman Bull the eyes Bull was taken to Mt. Park
and the killing of Staples came to the meantime other deputies had
Snyder there were but few people on arrested County Clerk Bristow and
the street*, but the news soon spread Commissioner Armstrong and brought
and within thirty minute? half of tt>* them to Mountain Park The men were
men of the city were gathered at a held there all day Tbey were guard-
central point and the work of organu- *d but aot roped as was stated
ing been furnished In the sum of
ll,f>oo,walle County Clerk Bristow
made bond in tl:e s im of f 1,000.
After his release Commissioner Bull,
at whose home young Staples was kill-
ed, said that he did not wish to talk
with regard to the affair. However,
the following statement was given out
by him:
Bull's Statement.
"We were not extcalv forced to
hold the commissioners' meeting at
Mountain Park yesterday." said <\ E.
Bull, when talked to at his home at
Indiahoma Tuesday, "out under
circumstances we believe it would be
for tu e best.
"I do not care to say just now why;
I thought would be .or the best, i
do not care to teil what happened just
prior to the holding cf the meeting:.
"There was a great crowd of per-
sons in the room at the time besides
the commissioners and the county
clerk.
"I recognized only one of the men
that arrested me, and he was the one
tnat did the shooting. His name is
Sam McNeal, and he has been a depu-
ty sheriff under VV. A. Brasliears for
so>-ie time.
"Some say that at the time Staples
was killed, he was armed, but I do
not think he was. It appeared to me
that Staples entered the room in
which I was standing with my wife
ana the officers, and threw up his
hands the minute a weapon was turn-
ed on him. The 6hot which killed him
came in a few minutes."
He stateu fl at he had made an
agreement with the parties at Moun-
tain ParK that, as far as the commis-
sioners' court was concerned, no offi-
cial business would be transacted at
Snyder until the county seat matter
was settled. Mr. Bull stated that he
entered into the agreement for the
good of ail concerned and that he
thought it best to let the matter rest
for awhile that some settlement might
be reached.
LAWTON OFFICERS
MAY TAKE ACTION.
Prosecution May Be Deferred Until
Quiet Has Been Restored-
Lawton, Okla."! Feb. 14. — Sheriff
Walter E. Nix and Coun.. Attorney J.
A. Fain of Comanche county returned
Tuesday night from the seat of trou-
ble in Swanson county where three of-
ficers were "arrested" and one man
killed Monday morning by Mountain
Park adherents.
They made an investigation of the
killing cf W. ,L. Staples, which occur-
red in tnat part of Swanson county,
formerly a part of comanche, follow-
ing out the order of Governor Cruce
declaring that until the district court
order dissolving Swanson is reversed
by the supreme court, there is no
Swanson county, and consequently no
legally qualified officers thereof. Offi-
cers of the parent counties were in-
structed to assume jurisdiction. They
declare they have ev.uence on which
to proceed, but refuse to say whether iter death.
The work of the Mothers' Club or
Parent-Teachers' Association is in in-
fluence limitless. In tne years to
come ti e work begun in school, and
affecting the home, will tell for tlie
larger ever-widening influence in oth-
er homes and other schools.
Now is Time to Grow Sweet Peas.
The season is unusuai. and sweet
peas may yet be planted in twelve to
fourteen inch trenches.
Sweet peas and a sunny location
and rich.t loose soil, adding wood ash-
or sand if necessary, or well-rot-
ted fertilizer. Place what you have
in the bottom of the trench, cover with
about three inches of soil and pour in
a gallon cf water to every four feet.
Stretsh two strings four incnes apart
in the center, and plant ]»eas less than
an inch apart, in a perfectly straight
row by each string. Cover with three
or four inches of t.»e soil. When the
piants are all well out of the ground,
draw a little soil to them, and as they
get larger. Bring more soil, until the
trench is full. Now place a five or
six-foot wire netting between tha
rows, and do not water as long as the
plants look fresh and grow. When
necessary soak them by gentle spray,
an.i> the day after watering or after a
rain, when the soil will crumble under
the rake, loosen well to admit air to
the roots. After the sun is warm,
having cultivated well, cover the sur-
face with glass clippings. Cut the
blossoms every day to prevent seed
formation and thus prolong tne bloom-
ing season.
Transplant Roses Now.
An experienced grower advises that
ali large roses be transplanted now,
cutting them back closely, and setting
them about twelve inches apart to
shade the ground and a little deeper
than they were before. We s:iould not
neglect the hardy lilies and iris, which
like the roses, increase in beauty
from year to year. We must remem-
ber to watch for wild flowers, and
those who drive should gather these
RECIPROCITY WITH
CANADA WILL WIN
President Taft Believes that Proposed
Treaty With Canady is Daily Gaining
Friends, and Will Be Ratified During
Present Session of Congress.
Pittsburg. Pa., Feb. 12i—President cabinet officers out Into the field. Sec-
'iaft, much pleased with the results retary Knox Is to speak Wednesday at
of his reciprocity campaign in Ohio Chicago. He took part in all the nego-
and Illinois, passed through here Bun- tiatious leading up to the agreement
day night to Washington. In the and his speech is expected to do great
course of the day he received inessag- good In pointing out the advantages ot
es from different parts of the country, the measure.
There was cheering news from Wash- Secretary Nagel of the department
Ington, too, and the president is hap- of commerce and labor w ill speak next
py. week at Akron, Ohio, before a business
With .his return to Washington he men's organization. Secretary of Agri-
will push the £ight for the Canadian culture Wilson will speak at Buffalo,
reciprocity agreement. He has plan- February 'J2.
ned several conferences and will de- Attorney General Wickersham has
vote himself particularly to the situ- several speaking engagements thia
ation in the senate. week.t
Mr. Taft feels the house problem The president Is as sangutne that
was solved with the reporting out of reciprocity with Canada wiii prove a
the McCall bill. That the house will success as he was that practical free
pass this bill without serious amend- trade with the Philippines would do.
ment—or any amendment at all that He advocated radical tariff conces-
wotild nrtllify the negotiations of the sions to the Philippines with much the
last six months—the president takes same enthusiasm and upon practically
as a foregone conclusion. the same grounds.
The president was particularly Free trade with the Philippinea,
cheered by a report from Washington however, was bitterly fought and did
that'the probability of a filibuster not become a law until a little mora
against reciprocity in the senate is les- than a year ago. It was pointed out
senlng. Mr. Taft is confident that if on the president's train that the "in-
a vote is reached in the senate the jured interests" raised up against the
agreement will be enacted into law. Philippines proposition soon vanished
In furtherance of his campaign, into thin air, and that not a single in-
Presldent Taft will sena several of his terest was Injured.
TO OBSERVE FREE
HOMES ANNIVERSARY.
Celebration Planned in Oklahoma May
17—Enactment of Measure by
Congress in 1900, at End of
Long Fight, to be Com-
memorated.
the selection of better seed, better
methods of cultivation and in con-
serving the fertility of the soil; and in
fact, an agricultural and live stock ex-
hibit—a fair—In n>reer county next
fall.
To this end the department has ask-
ed that the county "Buperindent and of-
ficers of Farmers Institutes meet and
make two or more appointments daily
for extra institutes on March 1st and
2nd, at which time a speaker from th«
department will call for instructions.
GUTHRIE WILL APPEAL.
Pond Creek, Okla.,'Feb. 11.—Bene-
ficiaries of the "free homes'" bill,
which was passed by congress eleven
years ago, are now agitating the pro-
position to celebrate each year the Money With Which to Appeal Capitol
anniversary of its passage on May 17, Case Raised at Mass Meeting.
1900, and if the arrangements are =====
completed it will be one of tne most Guthrie, Okla.. Feb. 11.—The work
enthusiastic annual celebration in Ok- of drawing writs of error and citation
lahoma. The bill gave free to home- in Guthrle.s , to the Un, j
.. . . . , - steaders in Oklahoma oj000,000 of land x ,
freely, ana bring armfuls to the town with an aVerage value at that time of States supreme court in the capitcl
ohiiHren whn n»»r thom 1 "c , at ieast >1.50 per acre—the govern- removal case began Saturday, and ev-
ment price—or a total value of |7,000,- ery effort to rush the complstion of
warrants of arrest w.»i be issued at |
once.
The situation is unusually strained
in the county, they say, and it is be-
lieved no action will be taken, until!
the tension quiets somewhat. So
children who never see thenr. Let us'
this year take nature tramps, and ^ ^ WM», ..rw .
bring to the school grounds at least ^ ^any of homesteaders were the case and fi,e * in Washington is
™ J *" " made inuependently ricu by the pas- being made use of.
sage of the bill as it" put them on their Ex-Governor C. iM. Barnes presided
feet financially am. wiped out the at a mass^meeting of citizens Saturday-
mortgages which the go-ernment held and sufficient funds were raised for
on their claims. the expense of the appeal.
The free homes' bi.i was pushed Attorneys John H. Burford, C. O.
through congress in 1900, on the last corner and Frank Dale, representing
day of the session, following a cam- Guthrie in all capital removal mattere,
paign waged by Dennis T. Flynn, cov- addressed the meeting and said hence*
ering a period of eight years. It was forward their services would be do-
strenuously opposed by Joseph G. nated in the capital case. The appeal
Cannon, at that time chairman of the w"' be solely on the point that the
Appropriation committee, for the reas- enabling act provision placing the tem-
on that it would keep out of the treas- Porary capital here until after 1913 is
ury the $7,000,000, which otherwise, binding.
Oklahoma farmers would have had to
pay the government for their claims.
Tom Reed was speaker at that time,
and one of the most conspicuous work-
ing members of the house was "Dave"
Henderson of Iowa, afterwards speak-
er.
'ihe portion of Oklanoma, most
greatly benefited by the passage 'of
that bill, was the "Cherokee Strip,'
many of our native shrubs and trees
and flowers. It Is time to plan for
window boxes, hot-beds and cold fram-
es. You may not have much time or
money, but you can plant a paper of
petunia or vernena or other seed, and
grow plants for the happiness of many
children.
"MOTHER" PRICE PASSES AWAY.
Tuesday night about 2:20 o'clock
a. m., God called to Himself one of
His most faithful and devout servants,
Mrs. Nannie A. Price, better known
to her many friends as "Mother"
P%jce.
About four weeks ago "Mother"
Price happened to the accident df
breaking her arm and since that time
she has been serious»y ill. other com-
plications arising, whicn resulted in
TUBERCULOSIS IN THE LEAD.
Smallpox Second in Death Per Cen-
tage in Oklahoma in December.
Mother Price has been a devout
Christian and a faithful worker in the
Methodist Episcopal c urch, South,
since early girlhood, and the noble
deeos will live on tho she has passed
away, for her life has been one of
strained is the feeling between Snyder purity and love, and a beautiful exam-
and Mountain Park that county offi- pie to follow. She was always at her
cers there welcomed the governor's
order placing the affair in the hands
of parent counties.
it is understood now that the offi-
cers will make no attempt to furnish
the supercedeas bond required by the
district court for appeal, at least, for
the present, and may refuse entirely
to push appeal from the district court
decision.
C. E. Bull, chairman of the Swan-
son commissioners who was kidnep-
ped. accompanied the comanche coun
post in every time of need and ready
to help in any way tnat was in her
power until the last few years her
health being in such condition that
she was confined to her home most
oi the time, she being 71 years of age.
Mother Price moved to Mangum ten
years ago from Russellville, Kentucky,
and has lived here ever since, witn
her daughters. Mrs. Cassie Bhoun,
Mfs. II. B. McKnight ana Miss Lela
r rice.
She leaves seven children to mourn
ty officers to Lawton. He refuses'her loss, Mrs. Louis «nthony of Am-
to make any statement of the arfair, arillo, Texas: Mrs. W. A. Moody of
however .learin* dangerous result. Ethel, Louisiana: Mrs. S. B. Larv.
He was released today on 91.500 bond. | Austerlity. Kentucky: Mrs. Cassie
Shoun, Mrs. H B. fMcNnight and Miss
GOVERNMENT WILL TEST GUNS. | Lela Price of this city, and L. M.
Price of Stratford. Texas.
lawton. Okla.. Feb. 14.—Two hun-j Funeral services will be heid at the
dred and eighty thousand cannon balls ! Methodist Church Thursday morning
will be shot over the Fort Sill mllitarv mt^n ***** by Rev J s. I^mar
_ , Her relatives will leave on the af-
reserve this summer This official tt>rn0on train with the remains for
notice has been received at Fort Sill | Russellville. Kentucky, where she will
i-ourteen makes of min* with M.fl""jbe buried by the side of her husband,
rounds of ammunition for each make | who preceded her to t.ie grave some
will be tried out by the Fifth Expert- ten v^ara a«o
mental Regiment of Artillery Two j
batteries of the Fifth
June.
will arrive in
lilsll-
. 1911.
- Monday evening.
at his home two i
Oklahoma City, Feb. 12.—Tubercu-
losis led in death percentage during
the month of Decemoer, according to
...... . vital statistics issued by the state
*n <*had Hbefhn °Pened to settlement board of heaith wlth it8 £ebruary b *
in 1893, and the Arapaho and Chey- letin The tQta, number of cage8 WM
fn *old°fwiohoma^anrt In q Ifnrt ninet>'-°ne' and the deaths fifty-five.
In old Oklahoma and in the Sac and SmaI, makes the best 8bowiQf>
Fox, Kickapoo and Iowa countries the mnetyon« cases and no deaths. Di£
homesteaders, as a rule had already therla furnished 145 caaes lhlrty
made final proof on their lands and death scarlet f . 2 J
£*KK,nem- N.°ne *** benKefUK^ eleven deaths, typhoid fever 25j cases
by the bill excepting those who had and tUirty^lgbt death9 and pneumo-
not yet made final proof and for that nja 387 cas€8 and m d PTh
reason the Cherokee Strip and Arapa- tal number of birth8 2 325 d
ho and Cheyenne country were those deaths 823 Qf tbe fir8t l l61
most greatly favored by^the bi.'. When were m»ies and 1.164 females: 2.277
he bill was Pending in the House, late wbite and fortVHelght blacka ^ne6
in the spring of 1900 settlers in the Tbe dealh record shows ^ ^ an<|
Cherokee Strip were holding meetings 373 female8> 750 white and
and offering public prayers that Flynn three Dtacks
might Ket the bill to a hea-ing before As t0 a reductlon m the percentg»
adjournment was taken. Many lett?rs of sickness, the bulletin says: Sta-
were written to Congressmen an«l Sen- tistics show that the greatest ad-
ators, and anions: these wi? on? writ- vances in medicine in recent years
ten to Dave Henderson of Iowa. He have been In the discovery of causes
answered, in a confidential- letter, that and means of prevention. The day is
a day would be given to Mr..I Flvnn disappearing when the ailing man
and he took off his coat and went to relies on tbe magic power of druga to
work to see that his promise was ful- restore him to health. He is puttiag
filled. Oklahomans have always con- into practice the principles of aim-
that "Dm." Hend*rami ctd pie life,' thereby reducing his sick
sidered that "Dave" Henderson
much toward securing favorabl
tion by the house
•c days to a minimum."
STOCK AND AGRICUL-
TURAL EXHIBIT.
Tbe Oklahoma state board of agri-
culture have recently notified the of
■rs of the Farmers Institute* and
ng a
IN THE COUNTY COURT.
Motions and demurrers hatiag been
disposed of. and a jury havlnr been
empaneled on Tuesday, 'he third day's
aessioa of the county court is Mag
dev.ved to the trial of the case of
*tate vs. C. A. Armstrong, charged
wirh conveying whisker The <%*m
went to the jury late this afternoon
and a verdict Is expected before ad-
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LeCompte, W. R. Mangum Weekly Star. (Mangum, Okla.), Vol. 23, No. 34, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 16, 1911, newspaper, February 16, 1911; Mangum, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc284682/m1/1/: accessed April 19, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.