Article explores the history of all-black towns in Oklahoma and provides recommendations for their preservation. George O. Carney discusses the reasons for the migration of freedmen to the area and the impact of the growth of generations of black citizens working towards a better future.

Article describes the history of alliances some Indian nations made with Confederate forces during the Civil War and examines the reasons for the alliances, which included connections, the promise of economic wealth, and threats of land removal.

Article explains the details and the process behind the work of the Dawes Commission, a product of the General Allotment Act that led U.S. government officials to enroll members of Indian tribes into a registration system so they could divide up the tribes' lands.

Article relays the events surrounding the fierce campaign of Kirksey Nix challenging Dick Jones for his seat on the Oklahoma Criminal Court of Appeals. MaryGaye LeBoeuf explores some of the criminal cases held at the court during this time, the careers of the men involved, and the results of the campaign.

For the Record section including the minutes of the quarterly board meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on January 23, 1991.