THE HEALDTON HERALD
A New National Pacrik
IH dj¥©rv wa j Made
9 tyjoi
Moore House York town Va Where Cornwallis Surrendered
By ELMO 8C0TT WATSON
NCLE SAM Is soon to bave a new
national park a playground for his
children which is richer in historic
interest perhaps than any other
tract of the same size in his whole
domain For tinder the terms of the
Cramton bill sponsored by Repre-
sentative Louis C Cramton of
Michigan and passed by both houses
of congress last year a narrow
peninsula between the James and York rivers in
Virginia which has aptly been called the "Cra-
dle of the Republic” will become the "National
CoToninl Monument”
By the provisions of the bill most of James-
town island where the first permanent English
settlement in America was founded in 1607 will
be taken over A small part now in the hands of
the Association for the Preservation of Virginia
Antiquities will remain in the custody of thnt
organization but the remainder will become the
property of the federal government A sea wall
will be built nround the island to halt the erosion
which has been slowly washing It away the
marshes will be drain d and perhaps a reproduc-
tion of the original settlement with Its log cab-
ins and stockade will be constructed
Jamestown will be connected with Williams-
burg six miles distant by a picturesque winding
road passing through trees a large part of the
way and built to resemble a colonial highway
Only enough of Williamsburg to permit the road-
way to pass through the town will be included in
the monument but nil visitors to the latter will
also wish to see Williamsburg now undergoing
a marvelous transformation at the hands of John
D Rockefeller Jr
From Williamsburg the winding rond will pro-
ceed to Yorktown 14 miles away The historic
field where on October lit 1781 the British under
Cornwallis marched out with hands playing “The
World Turned Upside Down” and surrendered to
the American and French will be taken over and
Incorporated In the monument The Moore house
near the field where the terms of surrender were
drawn up has been bought by Mr Rockefeller and
will bp open to visitors
Thus within a radius of 14 miles from Williams-
burg t lie tourist will he able to visit the place
where American colonial history began the place
where many of the most Interesting events of
the colonial era occurred nnd the place where
that era came to n close
Of first Interest in the new national monument
is Jamestown "the birthplace of Virginia and of
the United States” What its part In the nation’s
history litis been Is shown by the following chro-
nology :
May 13 1607 — The first permanent English set-
tlement in America was made nt Jnmestown by
colonists sent out by the London compnnv
September 10 1GUS — (’apt John Smith began to
serve as president of the council the chief execu-
tive of the colony
October 4 1009 — Capt John Smith took passage
for England leuvlng George Perry ns his succes-
sor Smith never returned to Jamestown
October 1609 — June 1610 — The "starving time”
of which only CO of the original 000 settlers sur-
vived June 7 1610 — Every one embarked from Jnmes-
town for Englund hut two days later they re-
turned with Lord De la Ware who brought sup-
plies and additional settlera
1612 — John Rolfe began the cultivation of to-
bacco April 1 1614 — Pocahontas wag married to John
Jlolfe and peace with the Indians prevailed until
ber death
July SO 1619 — The first legislative assembly In
America met at Jamestown
March 22 1622 — The great Indian massacre led
by Chief Opechancanough brother of Powhatan
took place and out of a population of 1240 whites
847 were slain
June 26 1624 — The royal charter of the London
company was declared null and void and Virginia
became a royal province
August 1641 — Sir William Berkeley commis-
sioned governor of Virginia
March 12 1652 — The colonly surrendered to rep-
resentatives of parliament
1076 — The year of Bacon’s rebellion in which
Jamestown was burned by Bacon September 16
1676
April 1699 — Middle Plantation now Williams-
burg mnde the seat of government by an act
passed by the general assembly
At present only a few ruins of the historic town
are left Most interesting of these of course is
the square brick tower ail that remains of the
church built by Lord De la Ware in 1639 and
burned by Nathaniel Bacon In 1676 This brick
structure had succeeded the frame structure in
which Pocahontas had been baptized and given the
name of Lady Rebecca and in which she was
married to John Rolfe Second only In interest
to the church tower Is the oldest house of English
construction in America today which stands Just
ncross the river from Jamestown island It is
known as the Warren estate (also as Smith’s
fort) and was built for the son of John Rolfe and
Pocahontns and he lived in it for many years A
more modern structure which always attracts the
attention of the visitor is the Pocahontas statue
erected in 1922 by the Pocahontns Memorial asso-
ciation composed of descendants of the Indian
girl who is represented in it ns hurrying with
outstretched hands to help save the colonists from
starvation or the tomahawk of hostile Indians
Just ns Jamestown represents the early colonial
period in our history so does Williamsburg repre-
sent the middle period or the “golden age” of the
colonial regime In 1023 Governor Wyatt consid-
ered the plan of running a palisade between the
Janies and York rivers from Martin’s Hundred to
C'hisklack but this plan was delnyed In 1632 Dr
John Pott obtained a pntent for 1200 acres of
land nt the head of Archer’s Hope creek nnd the
next year a palisade six miles long was built
connecting the head of Archer’s Hope creek which
is n tributary of t lie James river nnd the head of
Queen's creek a tributary of the York river On
the ridge between the two rivers nnd close to the
palisade a settlement cnlled Middle Plantations
was made The chronology of Middle Plantations
which became Williamsburg Is as follows:
1093 — Tiie general nssenddy enacted a law pro-
viding “thnt the Middle Plantation he the plnce
for erecting the College of Wllllnm nnd Mary In
Virginia”
1G9S— After the burning of Jamestown Governor
Francis Nicholson established Middle Plantation
as the seat of government
1699 — The action of Governor Nicholson was
approved by the general assembly and an act was
passed directing the building of the capttol at
Middle Plantation Two hundred and eighty-three
acres were laid out for a city The main street
was named Duke of Gloucester street in honor of
Queen Anne’s eldest son
1705— The general assembly met for the first
time in the new capltol building Appropriation
was made to begin the governor's palace
1706 — Mattey's free school founded
1716— William Levingston built here the first
theater In America
1722 — The town of Williamsburg waS Incorpor-
ated as a city
1730 — First permanent printing office south of
the Potomac river established by William Parks
1736 — The Virginia Gazette the first newspaper
south of the Potomac established by William
Parks
1764 — The capltol building burned
May 29 1765 — Patrick Henry offered his resolu-
tions against the Stamp Act in the house of
burgesses
May'6 1776 — The fifth and most Important of
all revolutionary conventions In Virginia met and
adopted the first Virginia constitution
April 1780— Through the Influence of Thomas
Jefferson who was elected governor in 1779 the
seat of government was moved from Williamsburg
to Richmond
The restoration of historic Williamsburg to its
ancient appearance through funds provided by
John D Rockefeller Jr is one of the romantic
Incidents of modern American history To list all
of the historic buildings which are still standing
little changed by the passing of two centuries
as well as those which are being restored
would require a volume tor the telling Certainly
none is more Interesting than the structure which
houses the College of William and Mnry and
which contains memories of so many great men
Washington received from the college his com-
mission as surveyor ami served as chnncellor of
it from X7S8 to his death Thomas Jefferson wns a
student there from March 1760 to April 1702
James Monroe also studied there leaving at the
outbreak of the Revolution to Join the Continental
army The list of early students also Included
such names ns the Randolphs the Wythes the
Madisons the Harrisons and in later years it car-
ried on Its roils John Marshnll Inter the great
chief justice of the United States Supreme court
and John Tyler another Virginia President
Other notable buildings include Bruton Parish
church built In 1715 on the foundations of the
former church which had been built in 1683 which
contains among other relics of interest the bap-
tismal font In which Pocahontas wns bnptized
the famous old Raleigh tavern In one room of
which was organized on December 5 1776 the
Phi Beta Kuppu society and the old colonial Jail
which held such famous prisoners ns Gov Henry
Hamilton the British “Huir-Buyer” nfter his cap-
ture nt Vincennes hy George Rogers Clark the
Virginian nnd the followers of Blackbeurd the
pirate
Just as Jnmestown prepared the way for Wil-
liamsburg so did Williamsburg prepnre the way
for Yorktown nnd the historic events which took
plnce there The three are Inseparable In 1621 a
royal patent wvns grnnted to the lands now occu-
pied by Yorktown nnd In 1091 by an net of the
genernl assembly no acres of land were purchased
for a port on the York river the price pnld being
10000 pounds of tobacco the stnndnrd of cur-
rency in Virginia nt that time This land wns
divided into 83 hnlf-ncre lots nnd streets laid out
and nntned ninny of which are the snnte today
Here in 1715 the first custom house In America
(still standing) wns built and It became the port
of entry for Boston New York nnd other north-
ern ports Yorktown’s greatest fame came how-
ever In 1781 when its siege by the French and
American forces finally brought about the sur-
render of Cornwnllls and the freedom of the Amer-
ican colonies
© by Watrn Nawapspar Union)
News Review of Current
Events the World Over
Lucas Tries to Oust Senator Norris From Republican
Party — Borah Thinks Special Session
Will Be Necessary
By EDWARD W PICKARD
Eradication of
Senator George
W Norris from the
Republican party is
demanded by Robert
H Lucas executive
director of the Re-
publican national com-
mittee In a scathing
statement which is
said to have the tacit
approval of the White
House In return the
R H Lucas independent Republi-
can senators Insist that the natlonnl
committee oust Mr Lucas Chairman
Fess of the committee has declared for
hands-off policy but a showdown
is demanded by Senator Howell of Ne-
braska and others and there is in
prospect a lively party quarrel thut
may very well emharrnss the Repub-
licans greatly All this Is the outcome
of the discovery by the Nye campaign
fund committee that Lucas financed a
campaign against the re-election of
Norris Lucas has freely admitted the
facts and defends his action by the
assertion that the Nebraska senator is
not really a Republican and has no
right to be classed as such
“To accept office at the bands of
this party and then viciously oppose
Its policies principles and leadership
brings an Intolerable situation and one
which must be eradicated if the party
la to live” says Mr Lucas
"Such conduct by Senator Norris
has been revolting and until the lead-
ers of the Republican party not only
fail to support but give their active
opposition to men like Senator Nor-
ris they are not doing their full duty
to the party which has come down to
us from Lincoln”
After telliag bow be privately con-
tributed three pieces of literature to
the nntl-Norris campaign Lutas goes
on to relate in detail the many ways
in which Norris has displayed his
“party treachery” and "ingratitude”
by opposing the administrations and
policies of Presidents Coolidge and
Hoover all of which is a part of his-
tory though heretofore officially ig-
nored by Republican party chieftains
Convened by an emergency call by
Chairman Nye the senate committee
discovered further that the $4000
which Lucas borrowed to pay for the
anti-Norris propaganda and for which
he gave his personal note was guar-
anteed by a $40000 special account of
the Republican national committee
In tbe Commercial National bank In
Washington This was In the nature
of a counter attack against Lucas and
was reinforced by statements made by
Norris and Senator Cutting of New
Mexico Tbe Nebraskan openly
charged that Lncas had sworn to a
falsehood when be testified before the
committee that the money he paid was
his own private fund Cutting defend-
ed Norris and attacked the national
committee
Then up stepped Representative
Wood of Indiana on behalf of Lucas
and 'eaved s ’arf a brick at Senator
Norris whereupon Senator Brookbart
of Iowa finding It wasn’t a private
fight shied a dornlck at Secretary
Mellon and called Lucas "an Insig-
nificant wart”
There were Indications that Presi-
dent Hoover and the other party lead-
ers would Ignore officially the entire
quarrel which would perhaps be the
safest course if not the bravest
WHETHER or not
Lucas wins out
in his fight on Norris
it is now thought
doubtful that he will
be made chairman to
succeed Senator Fess
The man now most
prominently men
tloned for the place
Is Ray Benjamin of
San Francisco a close
friend of President
Hoover Several
weeks ago Mr Benjamin had several
conferences with the President Then
he went home and cleared up his
private affairs and returned to Wash-
ington for an indefinite stay When
questioned concerning the report that
he was to be given the chairmanship
he snld he was In the capital to real-
ize an old desire to open low offices
there and added: "I will do anything
I can however for my party”
Sir Benjamin hng had an extensive
legal career and has been active in
politics in California He wus regional
director for the natlonnl committee
for the west coast Bectlon In the Re-
publican campaign of 1920
COLONEL ARTHUR WOODS
chairman of the President’s
emergency committee on unemploy-
ment believes the $116000000 public
works law enacted by congress and
signed by Mr Hoover will have a
big effect in reducing unemployment
and stimulating purchases In an In-
terview the colonel said:
"With this additional opportunity
and with the co-operation of all fed-
eral branches together with the help
of state and local authorities we
should soon witness s material rs-
suit In the absorption of unemployed
and In the stimulation of purchases
of trail ding materlnls which will be
Involved
"All branches of state and municipal
governments throughout tho country
nre working together to slash the red
tape which Is Impeding their own pub-
lic works projects The result will be
thnt a great program of public works
will be pushed forward Into produc-
tion and Jobs created to help meet the
present emergency”
Colonel Woods Issued another warn-
ing to unemployed men to stay In their
home communities and not wander
about aimlessly seeking work Jobless
transients be said are causing serious
problems In many communities which
while organized to care for their own
destitute cannot be taxed by outsiders
Woods also called on farmers through-
out the country to co-operate In giving
whatever work possible to unemployed
men
Senator Wagner of New York says
that as soon as copgress convenes aft-
er the holiday recess he will introduce
a resolution calling for a study of the
public and private unemployment sys-
tems here and abroad and also a bill
proposing federal and state co-operation
in tbe maintenance of such a
system
SENATOR BORAH
doesn't want any-
I t! one to think be would
I —aa' conduct a filibuster in
congress after the hol-
idays but he believes
there is so much im-
portant legislation to
be disposed of that a
special session imme-
diately after March 4
will be necessary and
should be called by
Senator Borah ae PreaIdent It wa9
his persuasion that brought about the
special session In the spring 1929 Leg-
islation which the Idaho solon consid-
ers of pressing Importance Includes
power and railroad measures the anti-
injunction bill the motor bus bill
further unemployment relief jind per-
haps chief of all the export debenture
farm relief scheme -In
the closing honrt before congress
recessed for the holidays Mr Borah
led other senators In a hot attack on
the federal farm board’s wheat opera-
tions Chairman Alexander Legge of
the board belpg asked what he
thought of Borah’s charge that the
board In buying wheat Is merely post-
poning "the day of reckoning" that
will come when it sells replied :
Please don’t ask us to discuss cy-
clones Yon know tho definition of s
cyclone— something mads of hot air
which runs amuck and usually Is de-
structive” He went on however to
defend the board's policy In some de-
tail Mr Legge also paid his respects to
John Simpson of Oklahoma City new
president of the Farmers' nnlon who
was quoted as asserting the board is
"deliberately” holding down wheat
and cotton prices and citing a sena-
tor as authority
"Yon can say to Mr Simpson that
any man making that statement
whether In public office or not is an
unmitigated liar and say it witb my
compliments” tbe chairman said
"Such a statement has never been
made by any member of the board or
anyone else in authority Tbe absurd-
ity of It is proved by the fact that
wheat still is sinking in the world
market Today Chicago wheat is some
16 cents above the Liverpool close
and adding a similar amount for
transportation our wheat is 30 to 32
cents above the world parity”
VERMONT will hold a special elec-
tion on March 81 to choose a suc-
cessor to the late United States Sen-
ator Frank L Greene Until then the
seat will be filled by Frank CL Part-
ridge of Proctor who has been ap-
pointed by Gov John E Weeks Mr
Partridge who is sixty-five years old
is a Republican and a business man
and lawyer
CAMERON MOP
risen the new
senator from North
Carolina was scarce-
ly in his seat before
he totally wrecked an
ancient tradition of
the upper house by
arising and making e
speech Of course he
should have sat silent
for at least a few
weeks' but the attack ’
made by Senator r " McNInch
Walsh of Montana on Frank R Me-
Nlnch of North Carolina one of the
President's nominees for the federal
power commission was more than he
could endure without retort He spoke
eloquently and warmly for twenty min-
utes starting out with the declara-
tion: ”1 would acorn to stand in this
body and bear this noble man tra-
duced by anybody” and when he was
all through he mildly expressed hla
regret that bs "had to trespass upon
the attention' of this body In almost
the hour of my entrance”
Mr McNInch the speaker explained
never received nor handled a nickel
of any power company's money True
enough he was an anti-Smith Demo-
crat In 1928 and he Morrison as
regular took the stump against him
but that did not make him a Re-
publican F' AILURES of relatively small banks
of the country were rather numer-
ous and on Tuesday the Chelsea Bank
and Trust company of Nsw York city
was closed after runs on its main office
and six branches Ths bank bad more
than 40000 depositors and gross de-
posits as of November 14 of $23923
000 Ths deposits had shrunk in the
last few weeks to around $16000000
it was said
The runs were attributed by officials
of the bank to unfounded and ma-
licious rumors for which Communists
among others were held responsible
Investigation of the rumors were be-
gun by the state’s attorney general
District Attorney Crane and the police
department and two men were ar-
rested charged with circulating false
rumors
THERE was con-
siderable surprise
in Great Britain when
it was announced the
other day that Vis-
count Wllllngdon now
governor - general of
Canada had been ap-
pointed viceroy of In-
dia to succeed Lord
Irwin when the latter
retires in March 1931
There had been much
LordWIIIingdon tak to the effect that
Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald
probably would be given the rich
plum Lord Wllllngdon who Is sixty-
four years of age was governor of
Bombay from 1913 to 1919 and of
Madras from 1919 to 1924 earning a
name for a conciliatory attitude He
has been governor-general of Canada
since 1926
OF GREAT Importance In the eco-
nomic affairs of northern Europe
was tbe signing by six nations of a
convention blading them not to raise
existing tariff rates or Introduce new
ones without consulting one another
This was done at a conference in Oslo
Norway called' to enforce "liberal
principles in commercial policy” The
six natipns are Norway Sweden Hol-
land Belgium Denmark and Luxem-
burg The signatories also agreed to con-
sider the application of the principle
which was the basis of the treaty to-
"other arrangements likewise calculat-
ed to favor international trade”
Dictator staiin
in the process of
"cleaning bouse” In
the Soviet regime has
now got rid of Alexis
Rykov Recently that
gentleman was re-
moved from his high
position ss president
of the council of
people’s commissars
which corresponds to
premier In other gov-
ernments The other
day by action of the central commit
tee and central control commission of'
the Communist party bs was deprived
of membership in tbs Important po-
litical bureau It was a part of Sta-
lin’s plan to get rid of all the right-
wing leaders and was followed Imme-
diately by tbe dismissal of Tomaky an
vice chairman af the supreme econom-
ic council Both Rykov and Tomsky
had long opposed Stalin's Industriali-
sation program and though they re-
canted publicly last summer during
the party congress this did not save
them Rykov was absent from recent
Soviet celebrations In Moscow and It
was explained that he had gone South
"for his health" That was the way
Trotzky went
Only one right winger of promi-
nence remains in a high post He is
Nicholas Bucbnrln a member of the
central committee and also of the su-
preme economic council The general
expectation is that he too will be
dropped eventually thus leaving Stal-
in’s Ideas supreme
PRESIDENT HOOVER’S Christmas
present to Warren T McCray for-
mer governor of Indiana was a full
pardon restoring him to full civil
rights McCray served three years and
four months of a ten year sentence to
Atlanta penitentiary for use of the
malls to defraud In connection with
the sale of worthless cattle paper He
was paroled by President Coolidge in
Augnst 1927
REPRESENTATIVE CHARLES B
Timberlake of Colorado seventy-
five years old and wealthy and Mrs
Roberta Wood Elliott a thlrty-flve-year-old
widow who has been working
as a waitress were married in Wnsh-
tlngton by Rev Dr J S Montgomery
chaplain of the house They started
on a honeymoon trip to North Caro-
lina the bride's home and a cruise in
southern waters
NOTABLES who died during the
week Included Gerrit J Dlekenra
American minister to The Hague
Vlntlla Bratlnnu Rumania’s foremost
statesman and bitter opponent of King
Carol Charles K Harris writer of
"After the Ball” and many other pop-
ular songs Claude A O Jennings edl-
toy in chief of the Toronto Mall and
Empire Flo Irwin veteran actress
and Sir Harry Perry Robinson an
eminent English Journalist
(0 lHI Wastirfl Nwppor Union)