I
K— MTOG8rf'i
THe Long-Bell Lumber Co
i -EVERYTHING IN-
BUILDING MATERIAL:
estimates Cheerfully FurnisHecL
B F HOCARD Managers
Contributions of new Ideas that readers
of this detartment may wish to present
are Invited Correspondents deslrlnic In-
formation on the subjects discussed
should address "I arm Orchard and Uar-
den Department" Western Newspaper
Union K Plymouth Court Chicago
SMALL FRUIT GROWING ON THe
FARM
There I no one branch of agricul-
tural industry on the farm that is so
much neglected as the small fruit
patch I have often heard-people say
that they can buy fruit cheaper than
they can raise and the result la that
they have but little or no fruit all
tho year around Did you ever stop
to think that even if you do furnish
your family with all the small fruit
they can use that you are paying
an enormous profit for it? 'The fruit
grower must get his profit on his
berries the man must be paid who
makes the little boxes the railroad
company and the commission men
must have their pay the retail mer-
chant must have his commission and
even the man that hauls it from the
fruit garden to the station comes In
tor his part and by the time' it gets
to the consumer it Is anything but
fresh and the price ordinarily high
After a few experiences of this kind
you decide that you do not care for
fruit and consequently decide that
you can get along without it and
depend largely upon the canned goods
purchased from your retail grocer
There Is no excuse for any farmer
— It makes no difference whether he
farms on a small or large scale— to
be without an abundance of small
fruit from January to December It
Is easily and cheaply produced on
the farm It takes a small area of
land and little labor to care for and
cultivate When a farmer will deny
his family this fresh fruit such as
strawberries raspberries blackber-
ries currants and gooseberries Ire is
doing them an injustice and depriv-
ing them of a luxury that no one has
a better right than the farmer to
enjoy on his broad acres
8HEEP IN WINTER
The best way to manage with sheep
in winter is to keep them at night In
a dry and storm-proof enclosure bed-
ding them well to begin with and
each day spreading a little dry Btraw
over that which has become wet or
soiled The thorough tramping which
this manure will get will prevent It
from heatiug so long as the weather
Is cold But as it receives all the liq-
uid as well as solid excrement of the
sheep this manure Is very rich and
will heat rapidly as soon as it Is
formed up and thrown into heaps It
Is usually gut out of doors for this
as the manure needs all the rain that
will fall upon It The pile should be
turned over at least once so as to
put the outside of the heap inside
and vice versa It will then be con-
siderably reduced in bulk and its
strawy material will be decomposed
Into mold Such manure will be bet-
ter for any kind of crop than th?
pi led -up horse and cow manure that
lias been decomposing half the win-
ter and has in its center lost much
of Its value by fire fanging
THE WEALTHY APPLE
This Is one of the varieties ofap-
ples that seems to do well over a
large range of territory and on differ-
ent soils and under different condi-
tions It stands as a monument to
its originator and Introducer Peter
M Gideon It has come to be one of
the most Impartant apples in many
respects In Minnesota Dakota and
Wisconsin it Is the winter apple of
good quality with fine color In Ne-
braska and Iowa it Is a fall apple
but ranks high In Missouri it is a
summer apple but whorevor planted
it never fails to please both as to tree
and fruit
For many years past the seeds of
pumpkins hnve been used for making
a decoction which it was claimed is
good for removing worms from lambs
and even children it is probable
that the same result would follow by
'treating hogs thus It Is not neces-
sary however to make the decoction
when feeding the swine ' If they are
given plonty of pumpkins nnd particu-
larly of pumpkin seeds we may nat-
urally expect that one effect would
he to help to free them from worms
or to kee(f them free from the same
if not thus troubled-
WILL IT PAYT -
This is generally the first question
that Is SBked in every new enterprise
that is launched Will it pay to plant
out an orchard? Will It pay to put
out a windbreak to protect the home
family and herds from the blasting
effect of winter winds? Will It pay
to plant out trees for our children’s
sake or In other words will it pay
for any man or woman to spend his
time In doing these things that he is
not certain that be will live to reap
tho reward of bis Industry or labor?
The thought has Just occurred to me
since reading the notice of the retire-
ment of the plant breeder Mr H H
Terry of Crescent Iowa who Is too
well known by prominent fruit grow-
ers and orchardists to need introduc-
tion In the Mississippi Valley He is
known as one of the great experi-
menters and breeders of different
varieties of fruits flowers and plants
and when we take a retrospective
view of the work of this very quiet
unassuming man and note the great
good that he has done to horticulture
we might ask the question “has It
paid him?" We can answer this In
both the affirmative and negative It
has paid him first In knowing that he
has done all in his power to make
his age and generation better by giv-
ing the world the benefit of a long
life of experimentations and Investi-
gation Mr Terry has been an en-
thusiast in plum growing and has
originated many varieties such as
the Hawkeve Terry Downing Mil-
ton' etc The peony was his favorite
flower 'and his crosses and seedlings
of this noble family he has produced
by the hundred and namel them so
that in all of the great work of this
man he has left himself a monument
that will be remembered by those who
will folldw him in the work of plant
breeding In dollars we aye confident
that Mr Terry made but little out
of his efforts and the same Is equally
true of other men In the same line
Did It ever occur to you that the
man to whom we owe the producing
of the Wealthy aprle of Minnesota
made it pay by creating an enthusi-
asm in orcharding In the far North
and building for himself a lasting
monument in the Wealthy apple he
gave this country? Mr Ephrlam
Bull back at Concord New Hamp-
shire did not take Into consideration
w-hether or not it would pay him to
leave us his great memorial in the
Concord grape While he lays in an
unmarked grave yet the monument
he has reared for himself In this one
production will always stand to bis
memory
BEWARE OF FAKES
In Iowa some excitement has been
aroused by tho alleged discovery of
a uew fruit and “strawberry-raspberry”
and the nurserymen have
been flooded with Inquiries alfit it
Like he seedless apple It is not very
new It is the common European rasp-
berry or Btrnwberry-raspberry as it
is commonly called which 'was tried
In the East and discarded yoar£ ago
The fruit Is unusually bright and
attractive In color of good size but a
Riuire and a delusion when It comes to
quality It Is Insil id and worthless
After disappearing from cultivation
for joars this plant has evidently
westward wended its way and now
claims the honor (?) of Iowa origin
It Is known boianicully as Rubus
ideaus on account of its being a na-
tivo of ML Ida- In Greece It is pure
species changed but little from its
wild form and in no way represents
a cross between the strawberry and
raspberry
THE IMPORTANCE OF CATTLE
The growing importance of the cat-
tle Industry Is recognized by the
newspapers of tho country which are
devoting more and more space to
matters of Interest relating to It
It was not bo mnny years ago that
market reports In the great dallies
were practically confined to grain
and produce Now almost all our
western dally papers report not only
the cattle market but nil reporters nro
admonished that anything relating to
the cattle industry la an item of news
and must bo gathered In and duty pub-
lished ns such There were never
so mnuy people Interested In the busi-
ness of stock rnlslng directly or In-
directly as to-day nnd this Important
Industry la at Inst taking the rank to
whlrli Us importance entitles It
WINE N0TE8
To mate for best results select
lengthy sows and short compactly
built boars
Unless provided with warm and
comfortable quarters It Is practically
a waste of feed -to attempt to fatten
bogs during very cold weather
No sort of greaBe should be used
on hogs to kill lice during cold weath-
er — it will kill the hogs Kerosene
emulsion or carbolic water may be
used at any time
The chief objection urged against
old sows for breeding is that they
are clumsy and apt to overlay their
pigs If properly fed however this
is not the case
Keep young fall pigs out of the
wheat field While the young green
wheat would be good for the pigs the
pigs will not be good for the wheaL
If the wheat Is growing too fast pas-
ture it down with the colts and
calves
Unsheltered bogs will pile up dur-
ing severe weather in order to keep
warm the under ones become too hot
and when exposed to the cold air
take cold and develop bronchial af-
fections It properly sheltered hogs
will not pile up
The "kitchen pig” — the runt which
the average fanner gives to bis wife
when he thinks it is going to die —
usually makes a good hog because it
receives a great variety of food and
is frequently scrubbed with soap suds
If profitable with runts why not with
thrifty hogs?
The three principal advantages
which a pure bred hog has over a jug-
sucking razor-back scrub are that it
Is handsomer matures earlier and
sells for more money The man who
associated hogs with mortgage-lifting
did not have in mind the razor-back —
about the only lifting for which they
are famous is a gate or the fence
around the Cornfield
VALUE OF FR08T
The other day while riding on a
railroad train a traveler was com-
plaining of the cold It was plain to
me that he was not familiar with
farm life of the value of frost or hia
complainings would never have be-
gun It Is tme frost may be too
severe at times but at this season
nature does her best plowing with
severe frost Wlh a fairly long peri-
od of such weather as we had in
January the farmer will find his land
in such fine condition on the opening
of spring as no amount of cultivation
would produce The past season was
so wet that very much of the land
became sodden and sour and nothing
Is so welcome to the well informed
farmer as the frost-plow to mellow
those clods and pulverize the chunks
left by rain and sun and assisted by
careless ranging of stock in muddy
fields Probably the most potent rea-
son for tho marked fertilizer of the
soil in a belt 3U0 or 400 miles wido
with the 4flth parallel for a center Is
that the frost plow gets in its work
regularly every winter and plows and
subsoils the farm as no mechanical
device could ever do Therefore
while the cold weather causes stock
to use up the hay and grain surpris-
ingly there is Bntlhfactlnn in know-
ing that nature is doing her share In
preparing for another bountiful bar
vest
TESTING EGGS
This Is one of the simplest of opera-
tions yet one whose results give
great satisfaction as well as prove
profitable very often It Is better
done after dark with a good lamp A
pasteboard tube perhapB a foot long
and exactly fitting the egg at one end
Is the only necessary apparatus be-
sides The eye Is applied to one end
of the tube the egg being held Bnug-
ly against the o’her end and near the
lamp The perfectly fresh egg Is
perfectly -clear and alike throughout
Almost as soon as the hatch Is start-
ed the fertile eggs show the alr-cclt
at the large end At five or six days
every live fertile egg will show a rod
spidery outline near the large end on
one side As the hatch progresses
this fills out nnd becomes dark and
finally opaque when only tho nlr cell
shows plainly The Infertile eggs re-
main clear and nre thrown out or
kept to feed the young rhlcks It n
dozen eggs out of forty are Infertile
two hens will take the rest' tho third
having arolher setting with the loss
of but a week’s time
PASSED LONG NIGHT
TEDIOUS TWELVE HOURS IN A
MONTANA BLIZZARD
Passenger and Driver “Holed Up”
Kept Moving Through ' What
Seemed Century of Darkness—' Tem-
perature Fifteen Below Zero
Ike Boyer of Helena left yesterday
morning for Madison county points
and while waiting In Butte the night
before told some Interesting tales ol
his experience while making the ter
rltory in southern Montana which It
not yet covered by the railroad
‘‘The time of my life” he said “war
experienced between Bannack and Ar
genta I was making the trip by stage
and my driver was one of the old-
time stage drivers of the overland
road The only name I ever knew for
his was 'Shorty and he was one of
the best that ever pulled the ribbons
over a team of horses in Montana
- “Shortly after we left Argenta It
began snowing but we paid little at-
tention to the Btorm being wrapped
up comfortably When we ’topped'
the hill and started across the foot-
hills to connect with the old Ban-
nack road we ran Into the teeth ol
the blizzard The thermometer be-
gan dropping rapidly and almost be-
fore we knew It we found ourselves
chilling fast To add to our trouble
the air became so filled with snow
that we could not see the length ol
our sled ahead of us The storm
came so fast and fierce that the
horses refused to face It and before
we realized it we were off the road
and the horses were helplessly floun-
dering through the snow which
seemed almost bottomless By this
time darkness bad come and we were
off the trail
“To make the matter worse the
horses In floundering broke the
tongue from the sled and we were
'holed up for good Then we saw that
we were In for It for the night nnd
prepared to make the best of a bad
bargain There was a little straw in
tlie bottom of the sled and we tied
the horses up so that they could eat
this The driver and myself walked
back and forth about a rod apart all
night long and In this manner man-
aged to keep warm We drank up all
the samples I had with me smoked
several boxes of sample cigars and
it seemed as if the night would never
come to an end
“Occasionally I would get uncom-
monly tired and sleepy and would at-
tempt to doze off but ‘Shorty’ would
stand for nothing of the sort He
would rouse me by drastic means if
necessary and make me continue my
walk to and fro opposite him Final-
ly after the lapse of at least a cen-
tury the night came to an end and
daylight began showing around the
gulch With the approach of day the
storm went down nnd the air cleared
‘Shorty’ immediately began rustling
and before long found a pole that
could be used ns a sled tongue and
we toggled up matters and continued
our trip to Bannack We arrived
there in time for a late breakfast pnd
were not surprised to learn that the
thermometer had registered 15 below
throughout the night” — Anaconda
Standard
Adventurers’ Rich Booty
When Drake sailed the South sea
In the Golden Hind upon his pirati-
cal voyage of circumnavigation in the
year 1577-’79 and when he captured
the Nuestra Senora della Concepcion
(surnamed the Cacafuego or Spitfire)
off Cape San Francisco it took three
days to transfer the treasure from the
captured ship to his own In that
single haul there was realized a “pur-
chase ’’ as It was called of over twenty-six
tons of silver besides eighty
pounds of virgin gold thirteen chests
of pieces of eight containing over a
million in money and an enormous
amount of Jewels and plate — Har-
per’s Magazine
Song "
Oh n back my heart fair child:
To ou ur yet twcrc worth but little
Half hemHIer half beguiled t
lie you warned your own la brittle
I know It bv jour rettntnjr cheek
I know It by thoe two black streaks
Arshin up our penrU brows
In n mometunry Inughter
Stictrhid in long ami dark rcxse
With a Jikh the moment after
“Hid It’ dropt It on the moors
Izost It smi you can not tlml It—
My own heart 1 want not ours
You have bound and must unbind It
Hot it fieo then front our net
We will love sweet —hut not yet
Ming It from ou— we are niroug
lno Is trouble hoe Is foils :
Io that makes nn old heart young
Makes joung heart mehuuhol
— Aultrg) i Veig A
WRITING A SUCCESSFUL BOOK
Jertnida Atherton the Authoress
Telle How She Works
Gertrude Atherton whose pen has
een inactive for some months on ac-
ount of a serious Illness has now
eft Munich after a sojourn of six
aonths end has gone to seek a quiet
dace in California where she can
ake - up her - literary work with rp-
tewed enthusiasm - “Writing books
s very exacting” she said recently
‘Ton must make np your mind to re-
nounce everything for the time being
t live like a hermit In some little out-rf-the-way
spot when I am writing a
look I rise every morning at 6 work
tntll noon eat n rather hearty mid-
lay meal rest and read for a couple
it hours and then back to work for
is hour or two Some days I write
all day — write until I am all written
uL It takes me usually about three
to four months to write n book after
that come the rewriting the proof-
reading and all the innumerable ad-
ditions I never know exactly what
sequence of incident or characters is
going to follow until I am In the
throes of composition Of course I
decide on a motive end have two or
three of the principal characters pret-
ty clearly in mind but the rest of the
story works its own way out When
I am tired of writing I take some ex-
ercise I walk a good deal — there in
always something to see you know —
Chicago News
What “Expire” Means
“After the morning bath take a
deep breath retain it as long as pos-
sible then slowly expire” Such is the
advice given by a professor of physi-
cal development according to the
British Medical Journal The use of
“expire” in its literal sense of breath-
ing out (inspiration and expiration
together constitute respiration) in-
evitably produces a quaint effect now
as when we read Izaak Walton's ob-
servation that "if the inspiring or ex-
piring organ of any animal be stopt
It suddenly dies" The Romans un-
douhladlV-auokR nf 'hreathiny out”
the breath ot life instead of “dying”
by way of euphemism just as they
said "vixlt” (he has lived) instead of
“he is dead" In all languages the
reluctance frankly to say “dead” or
“die” appears Hence such words and
phrases as “pass away” “decease”
“demise” “the departed" “defunct”
"the late" "no more” “if anything
should happen to me” — London
Chronicle
Rachel’s Dread of 13
The great actress Rachel had a hor-
ror of the number thirteen and never
would sit down to table with twelve
other guests She did so once and
almost immediately afterward she be-
came ill and had to go to Egypt for
her health's sake When she came
back M Areene Houssaye one of the
guests went to see her at her house
near Montpellier
"Do yon remember our dinner after
the revival of ‘Angelo’?” she asked
him — her part in Victor Hugo's "An-
gelo" “Do you remember? We were
thirteen
“Your wife is dead Victor Hugo
and his wife are in exile at Jersey
Mme de Glrardin is dead Gerard de
Nerval has committed suicide De
Musset is dead so are the Comte
d'Oreay and Perree and as for 'me I
shall not lire up to the first of Janu-
ary” She did but onlv till the 3d—
the third of January 1858
- Waiting for the Others
The Duke of Wellington had titles
conferred upon him by- nearly all the
sovereigns of Europe— one of them
was Prince of Waterloo though he
never called himself so
On one occasion he told a man to
order dinner for him at a particular
hotel and the man did so mention-
ing all the duke's titles Presently
the duke came and waited for a long
time
“Is the dinner not coming?” he ask-
ed at length “Why don't you bring
the dinner?”
“We are waiting" replied the wait-
er “for the rest of the party”
They had prepared dinner for about
twenty people
Declines Honor of Knighthood
When J Hennlker Heaton M P
declined to accept the honor of knight-
hood the other day on the retirement
of tho Balfour Cabinet he declined for
the third time The title was offered
him in recognition of his services in
carrying the imperial penny postage
scheme In 1898 and Introducing tele-
graphic money orders In the United
Kingdom and the parcel post In
France