Canadian Valley Record (Canton, Okla.), Vol. 8, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 12, 1912 Page: 2 of 10
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E
To the task of meeting these patent
defects, the war department has been_ad-
dresslng Itself during the past ye£i\ A
comprehensive plan of reorganization was
prepared by the war college division of
the general staff. This plan was thor-
oughly discussed last summer at a series
of open conferences held by the secretary
of war and attended by representatives
from all branches of the army and from
Army Affairs.
PHILIPPINES ARE INCLUDED
Bill for Natives* Independence De-
nounced as Premature—Progress
of Panama Canal.
Washington, Dec. 6.—Congress today re-
eel ved from President Taft the second of
his messages to the short session. It
Deals with fiscal, military, insular and
Judicial affairs and In part Is as follows.
The condition of the country with ref-
erence to business could hardly be better.
While the four years of the administra-
tion now drawing to a close have not de-
veloped groat speculative expansion or a
wide field of new Investment, the recov-
ery and progress made from the depress-
ing conditions following the panic of 1307
have been steady and the Improvement
has been clear and easily traccd in the
• 'atistlcs. The business of the country Is
now on a solid basis. Credits are not
unduly extended and every phase of th
situation seems In a state of prepared-
ness for a period of unexampled prosper-
ity. Manufacturing concerns are running
at their full capacity and the demand for
labor was never so constant and growing.
The foreign trade of the country for this
year will exceed *4,000.000,000, while the
balance In our favor—that of the excess
#f exports over Imports—will exceed $600.-
•00,000. More than half our exports are
manufactures or partly manufactured
material, while our exports of farm pro-
ducts do not show the same Increase of
domestic consumption. It Is a year of
bumper crops; the total money value of
farm products will exceed $9,.100,000.000. It
Is a year when the bushel or unit price
of agricultural products has gradually
fallen, and yet the total value of the en-
tire croR^ls greater by over $1,000,000,000
than we have known In our history.
Condition of the Treasury.
The condition of the treasury is very
satisfactory. The total Interest-bearing
debt Is $963,777,770, of which $134,631,980 con-
stlute the Panama canal loan. The non-
Interest-bearlng debt Is $378,301,284.90. In-
cluding $346,671,016 of greenbacks. We have
In the treasury $150,000,000 In gold coin as
a reserve against the outstanding green-
backs; and In addition we have a cash
balance In the treasury as a general fund
of $167,152,478.99. or an Increase of $26,973,-
162 over the general fund last year.
Receipts and Expenditures.
For three years the expenditures of the
government have decreased under the In-
fluence of an effort to economize. This
rear presents an apparent exception. The
Mtlmate by the secretary of the treasury
of the ordinary receipts, exclusive of pos-
tal revenues, for the year ending .Tune
80. 1914. Indicates that they will amount
to $170,000,000. The sum of the estimates
of the expenditures for that same year,
exclusive of Panama canal disbursements
and postal disbursements payable from
postal revenues is $732,000,000, Indicating a
deficit of $22,000,000. For the year ending
June 30, 1913, similarly estimated receipts
were $667,000,000, while the total corre-
sponding estimate of expenditures for that
year, submitted through the secretary of
the treasury to congress, amounted to
Ifi66.000.000. This shows an Increase of
176,000.000 In the estimates for 1914 over
the total estimates of 1913. This Is due to
an Increase of $25,000,000 in the estimate
for rivers and harbors for the next year
on projects and surveys authorized by
congress; to an Increase under the new
pension bill of $32,500,000; and to an In-
crease In the estimates for expenses of
the navy department of $24,000,000. The
estimate for the navy department for the
year 1913 Included two battleships. Con-
gress made provision for only one battle-
ship. and therefore the navy department
has deemed It necessary and proper to
make an estimate which Includes the first
year's expenditure for three battleships
In addition to the amount required for
work on the uncompleted ships now under
construction. In addition to the natural
Increase In the expenditures for the un-
completed ships, and the additional bat-
tleship estimated for, the other Increases
•re due to the pay required for 4,000 or
more additional enlisted men In the navy,
and to this must be added the additional
cost of construction Imposed by the
change in the eight-hour law which
makes It applicable to ships built In pri-
vate shipyards.
With the exceptions of these three
Items, the estimates show a reduction
this year below the total estimates for
1913 of more than $5,000,000.
The estimates for Panama canal con-
struction for 1914 are $17,000,000 less than
for 1913.
The president then explained at some
length the national reserve association
■ystem recommended by the monetary
commission and urged congress to ex-
amine the plan Impartially from all
standpoints and then to adopt some
plan which will secure the benefits de-
sired.
Concerning the tariff he had little to
say in view of the fact that a new con-
gress has been elected on a platform
of tariff for revenue only.
Army Reorganization.
Our small army now consists of 83,909
men, excluding the 5,000 Philippine scouts.
Leaving out of consideration the coast
artillery force, whose position is fixed In
our various seacoast defenses, and the
present garrisons of our various Insular
possessions, we have today within the
continental United States a mobile army
of only about $5,000 men. This little force
must be still further drawn upon to sup-
ply the new garrisons for the great naval
base which Is being established at Pearl
Harbor, In the Hawaiian islands, and to
protect the locks now rapidly approaching
completion at Pantima The forces re-
maining in the limited States are now
scattered in nearty fifty posts, situated
for a variety of historical reasons In
twenty-four states.. These posts contain
only fractions of regiments, averaging
less than 700 men each. In time of peace
It has been our historical policy to ad-
minister these units separately by a geo-
graphical organization. In other words,
our army In time of peace has never been
a united organization but merely scat-
tered groups of companies, battalions and
regiments, and the first task In time of
war has been to crests out of these scat-
tered units an army fit fcr sffsctlrt
work tad co-e «ra{tc
J ingress. In printed form it has been
President Tells Of Tressurv 3rd r,latributed to members of congress and
' throughout th« army and the national
guard, and widely through institutions of
learning and elsewhere In the United
States. In It, for the first time, we have
a tentative chart for future progress.
The National Guard.
Under existing law the national guard
constitutes, after the reifular army, the
first line of national defense. Its or-
ganization, discipline, training, and equip-
ment, under recent legislation, have been
assimilated, as far as possible, to those
of the regular army, and Its practical
efficiency, under the effect of this train-
ing, has very greatly intreased. Our citi-
zen soldiers under present conditions
have reached a stage of development be
yond which they cannot reasonably
asked to go without further direct
slstance In the form of pay from the fed
eral government. On the other hand, sin
pay from the national treasury would not
be Justified unless it produced a proper
eqtrivalent In additional efficiency on the
part of the national guard. The organized
militia today cannot be ordered outside of
the limits of the United States, and thus
cannot lawfully he used for general mill
tary purposes. The officers and men are
ambitious and eager to make themselves
thus available and to become an efficient
national reserve of citizen soldiery. Th- ,
are the only force of trained men, other
than the regular army, upon which we
can rely. The so-called military pay bill
In the form agreed on between the ail
thoritles of the war department and the
representatives of the national guard, In
my opinion adequately meets these con
dittons and ofTers a proper return for the
pay which it is proposed to give to th
national guard. I believe that its enact
ment Into law would be a very long step
toward providing this nation with a first
line of citizen soldiery, upon which It
main reliance must depend In case of any
national emergency. Plans for the or
gnnizatlon of the national guard Into tac
(leal divisions, on the same lines as those
adopted for the regular army, are being
formulated hy the war college division
of the general staff.
Porto Rico, Mr. Taft says, continues
tOLjjliow notable progress and he urges
the senate to pass the bill granting the
Porto Rlcans American citizenship,
Philippines.
A bill Is pending In congress, con
tlnues the message, which revolution
lzes the carefully worked out scheme
of government under which the Philip
pine Islands 'are now governed and
which proposes to render, them virtu
ally autonomous at once and absolutely
Independent in eight years. Such
proposal can only be founded on the
assumption that we have now dis
charged our trusteeship to the Filipino
people-and our responsibility for them
to the world, and that they are now
prepared for self-government as well
national sovereignty A thorough
and unbiased knowledge of the facts
clearly shows that these assumptions
are absolutely with Justification. As
to this. I believe that there Is no sub-
stantial difference of opinion among
any of those who have had the respon-
sibility of facing Philippine problems
In the administration of the islands,
and I believe that no one to whom the
future of this people is a responsible
concern can countenance a policy
fraught with the direst consequences
to those on whose behalf it Is osten-
sibly urged.
In the Philippine Islands we have
embarked upon an experiment unprece-
dented in dealing with dependent
peoples We are developing there
conditions exclusively for their own
welfare. We found an archipelago
containing 24 tribes and races, speak-
ing- a great variety of languages, and
with a population over 80 per cent, of
which could neither read nor write.
Through the unifying forces of
common education. of commercial
and economic development, and of
gradual participation In local self-govern-
ment we are endeavoring to evolv.
homogeneous people fit to determine,
when the time arrives, their own destiny.
We are seeking to arouse a national spir-
it and not, as under the older colonial
theory, to suppress such a spirit. The
character of the work we have been do-
ing is keenly recognized in the Orient,
and our success thus far followed with
not a little envy by those who. initiating
the same policy, find themselves hamp-
ered by conditions grown up In earlier
days and under different theories of ad-
ministration. But our work is far from
done. Our duty to the Filipinos Is far
from discharged. Over half a million Fili-
pino students are now In the Philippine
schools helping to mold the men of the
future Into a homogeneous people, but
there still remain more than a million
Filipino children of school age yet to he
reached. Freed from American control
the integrating forces of a common edu-
cation and a common language will cease
and the eucational system now well start-
ed will slip back Into inefficiency and dis-
order.
An enormous Increase In the commer-
cial development of the Islands has been
made since they were virtually granted
full access to our markets three years
ago. with every prospect of Increasing
development and diversified Industries.
Freed from American control such devel-
opment is bound to decline. Every ob-
server speaks of the great progress Wi
public works for the benefit of the Fili-
pinos, of hart or Improvements, of road
and railways, of irrigation and artesian
wells, public buildings, and better means
of communication. But large parts of
the Islands are still unreached, still even
unexplored, roads and railways are need-
ed in many parts. Irrigation systems are
still to be installed and wells to be driven.
Whole villages and towns are still with-
out means of communication other than
almost impassible roads and trails. Even
the great progress in sanitation, which
has successfully suppressed smallpox, the
bubonic plague, and Asiatic cholera, has
found the cause of and a cure for beri-
beri. has segregated the lepers, has help-
ed to make Manila the most heaUh{ai^:Ky
In the Orient, and to free life throughout
the whole archipelago from Its former
j dread diseases. Is nevertheless Incom-
plete In many essentials of permanence
In sanitary policy. Even more remains to
be accomplished. If freed from Amerl-
j can control sanitary progress is bound to
! be arrested and all that has been achlev-
| ed likely to be lost.
If the task we have undertaken Is hlgh-
| er than that assumed by other nations Its
1 accomplishment must demand even more
j pstlsnca. W. must not forget t2iat we
found the Filipinos wholly untrained In
government. Up to our advent all other
experience sought to repress rather than
encourage political power. It takes long
time and much experience to Ingrain po-
litical habits of steadiness and efficiency.
Popular self-government ultimately must
rest upon common habits of thought and
upon a reasonably developed public opln
ion. ICo such foundations for self-gov-
ernment, let alone Independence, are now
present In the Philippine Islands. Disre-
garding even their racial heterogeneity
and the lack of ability to think as a na-
tion. It Is sufficient to point out that un-
der liberal franchise privileges only about
3 per cent, of the Filipinos vote and only
5 per cent, of the people are said to read
the public press. To confer Independence
upon the Filipinos now isi therefore, to
subject the great mass of their people to
the dominance of an oligarchical and
probably, exploiting minority. Such
course will be as cruel to those people as
It would be shameful to us.
Our true coutbc is to pursue steadily
and courageously the path we have thus
far followed; to guide the Filipinos Into
self-sustaining pursuits; to continue the
cultivation of sound political habits
through education and political practice,
to encourage the diversification of Indus-
tries. and to realize the advantages of
their Industrial education by conserva-
tively approved co-operative methods, at
once checking the dangers of concentrat-
ed wealth and building up a sturdy, Inde-
pendent citizenship.
Regulation of Water Power.
There are pending before congress _
large number of bills proposing to grant
privileges of erecting dams for the pur-
pose of creating water power In our navi-
gable rivers. The pendency of these bills
has brought out an Important defect in
the existing general dam act. That act
does not, In my opinion, grant sufficient
power to the federal government In deal-
ing with the construction of such dams to
exact protective conditions in the interest
of navigation. It does not permit the
federal government, as a condition of its
permit, to require that a part of the
value thus created shall be applied to the
further general improvement and protec-
tion of the stream. I believe this to be
one of the most Important matters of
internal Improvement now confronting
the government. Most of the navigable
rivers of this country are comparatively
long end shallow. In order that they
may be made fully useful for navigation
there has come Into vogue a method of
Improvement known as canalization, or
the slack-water method, which consists
In building a series of dams and locks,
each of which will create a long pool of
deep navigable water. At each of these
dams there Is usually ipreated a long pool
of deep navigable water. At each of these
dams there Is usually created also water
power of commercial value. If the water
power thus created can be made available
for the further Improvement of naviga-
tion In the stream. It Is manifest that the
Improvement will be much more quickly
effected on the one hand, and on the
other, that the burden on the general tax-
payers of the country will be very much
reduced. Private interests seeking per-
mits to building waterpower dams In
navigable streams usually urge that they
thus Improve navigation, and that if they
do not impair navigation they should be
allowed to take for themselves the en-
tire profits of the water-power develop-
ment. Whatever they may do by way of
relieving the government of the expense of
improving navigation should be given due
consideration, but It must be apparent
that there may be a profit beyond a rea-
sonably liberal return upon the private
Investment which Is a potential asset of
the government In carrying out a com-
prehensive policy of waterway develop-
ment. It Is no objection to the retention
and use of suoh an asset by the govern-
ment that a comprehensive waterway
policy will include the protection and de-
velopment of the other public uses of
water, which cannot and should not be
Ignored In making and executing plans
for the protection and development of
navigation. It Is also equally clear that
Inasmuch as the water power thus cre-
ated Is or may be an incident of a gen-
eral scheme of waterway Improvement
within the constitutional Jurisdiction of
the federal government, the regulation of
such water power lies also within that
Jurisdiction. In my opinion constructive
statesmanship requires that legislation
hould be enacted which will permit the
development of navigation In these great
rivers to go hand in hand with the util-
isation of this by-product of water pow-
er. created In the course of the same im-
provement, and that the general dam act
shofild be so amended as to make this pos-
sible. I deem it highly important that
the nation should adopt a consistent and
armonlous treatment of these water-
power projects, which will preserve for
this purpose their value to the govern-
ment, whose right It is to grant the per-
mit. Any other policy is equivalent to
throwing away a most valuable national
asset.
The Panama Canal.
During the past year the work of con-
struction upon the canal has progressed
most satisfactorily. About 87 per cent, of
the execavation work has been completed,
and more than 93 per cent, of the con-
crete for all the locks Is in place. In
\iew of the great interest which has been
manifested as to some slides In the Cule-
bra Cut, I am glad to say that the report
of Col. Goethals should all*}' any ap-
prehension on this point. It Is gratifying
0 note that none of the slides which oc-
curred during this year would have In-
terfered with the passage of the ships
had the canal, in fact, been in operation,
and when the slope pressures will have
been finally adjusted and the growth of
vegetation will minimize erosion In the
banks of the cut. the slide problem will
be practically solved and an ample sta-
bility assured for the Culebra Cut.
Although the official date of the open-
ing has been set for January 1, 1915, the
canal will. In fact, from present Indica-
tions, be opened for shipping during the
latter half of 1913. No fixed date can as
yet be set, but shipping Interests will be
advised as soon as assurances can be
ven that vessels can pass through with-
out unnecessary delay.
Recognizing the administrative problem
1 the management of the canal, con-
gress In the act of August 24. 1912, has
made admirable provision for executive
responsibility in the control of the canal
and the government of the Canal Zone.
The problem of most efficient organiza-
tion Is receiving careful consideration, so
that a scheme of organization and con-
trol best adapted to the conditions of the
canal may be formulated and put in op-
eration as expeditiously as possible. Act-
ing under the authority conferred on me j
by congress. I have, by executive procla- |
matlon. promulgated the following sched- '
uel of tolls for ships passing through the I
canal, based upon the thorough report
of Emory R. Johnson, special commis-
sioner on traffic and tolls:
1. On merchant rtssels carrying pas-
sengers or cargo. $1.20 per net
ton—each 100 cubic feet-of actual capac-
ity.
2. On vessels In ballast without pas-
sengers or cargo, 40 per cent, less than
the rate of tolls for vessels with passen-
gers or cargo.
3. Upon naval vessels, other than trans-
ports, colliers, hospital ships, and supply
ships. 50 cents per displacement ton.
4. Upon army and navy transports, col-
liers, hospital ships, and supply ships,
$1.20 per net ton, the vessels to be meas-
used by the same rules as are employed
In determining the net tonnage of mer-
chant vessels.
Rules for the determination of the ton-
nage upon which toll charges are based
are now In course of preparation and
will be promulgated In due season.
Panama Canal Treaty.
The proclamation which T have Issued
In respect to the Panama Canal tolls Is
In accord with the Panama Canal act
passed by this congress August 24, 1912.
We have been advised that the British
government has prepared a protest
against the act and Its enforcement In so
far as It relieves from the payment of
tolls American ships engaged in the Amer-
ican coastwise trade on the ground that
It violates British rights under the Hay-
Pauncefote treaty concerning the Panama
Canal. When the protest Is presented, it
will be promptly considered and an ef-
fort made to reach a satisfactory adjust-
ment of any differences there may be be-
tween the two governments.
Workmen's Compensation, Act.
The promulgation of an efficient work-
men's compensation act. adapted to the
particular conditions of the zone, is
awaiting adequate appropriation by con-
gress for the payment of claims arising
thereunder. I urge that speedy provision
be made in order that we may install up-
on the zone a system of settling claims
for Injuries In best accord with modern
humane, social, and Industrial theories.
Promotion for Col. Goethals.
As "the completion of the canal grows
nearer, and as the wonderful executive
work of Col. Goethals becomes more con-
spicuous In the eyes, of the country and
of the world. It seems to me wise and
proper to make provision by law for such
reward to him as may be commensurate
with the service that he has rendered to
his country. I/suggest that this reward
take "the form at an appointment of Col.
Goethals as a major general In the army
of the United States, and that the law
authorizing such appointment be accom-
panied with a provision permitting his
designation as chief of engineers upon
the retirement of the present incumbent
of that office.
Navy Department.
The navy of the United States Is fn
a greater state of efficiency and la
more powerful than it has been be-
fore. but in the emulation which ex-
ists between different countries in re-
spect to the increase of naval and
military armaments this condition Is
not a permanent one. In view of the
many Improvements and Increases by
foreign governments the slightest halt
on our part In respect to new construc-
tion throws us back and reduces us
from a naval power of the first rank
and places us among the nations of the
second rank.
A year ago congress refused to ap-
propriate for more than one battleship,
this I think a great mistake of
Loss of Power
B and vital force follow lots of fleSh m
S emaciation. These come from
erUhed blood.
| Dr. Pierce's
| Golden Medical Discovery
S enlivens a torpid Hver-enrlehey th*
5 blood —stops the waste of stnosth and
5 tissue and builds up healthy Ussh-t®
S the proper body weight. As sn appy.
5 tizing, restorative tonie. It sets t
3 work all the proceeiee of dlgesHoa
S and nutrition, rouses wary or«an Into
S natural action, and brings back health
2 and strength.
Gifts-
A Most Useful Present
For You and Yours
writing
Always
the Best
"The Pen That
Fits Every Hand"
Ship Broom Corn
mmm—mmm TO U8 mtmmtmmmam
Selling Agents American Society of Equity.
For this market write for quotations
Coyne Brothers
ISO W. SOUTH WATER STR.. CHICAGO
In
policy was made, and T urgently rec-
ommend that this congress make up
for the mistake of the last session by
appropriations authorizing the con-
duction of three battleships. In ad-
dition to destroyers, fuel ships, and
the other auxiliary vessels as shown
in the building program of the general
board. We are confronted by a condi-
tion In respect to the navies of the
world which requires us. If we would
maintain our navy as an Insurance of
peace, to augment our naval force by
t least two battleships a year and hy
battle cruisers, gunboats, torpedo de-
stroyers. and submarine boats In'
proper prorotlon. We have no
for war. We go as far as any nation
In the world to avoid war. but we are
a world power. Our population, our
wealth, our definite policies, our re-
sponsibilities In t.he Pacific and the At-
lantic. our defense of the Panama ca-
nal. together with our enormous world
trade and our missionary outposts on
the frontiers of civilization, require
us to recognize our position as one of
the foremost In the family of nations,
and to clothe ourselves with sufficient
naval power to give force to our rea-
sonable demands, and to (rive weight
to our Influence In those directions of
progress that a powerful Christian na-
tion should advocate.
Department of Justice.
This department has been very active
In the enforcement of the law. Tt has
been better organized and with a
larger force than ever before In the
history of the government. The prose-
cutions which have been successfully
concluded and which are now pending
testify to the effectiveness of the de-
partment work.
The prosecution of trusts under the
Sherman anti-trust law has gone on
without restraint or diminution, and
decrees similar to those entered In the
Standard Oil and Tobacco cases have
been entered in other suits like the
suits against the powder trust and the
bath tub trust. I am very strongly con-
vinced that a steady consistent course
In this regard, with a continuing of
Supreme court decisions upon the new
phases of the trust question not already i
finally decided. Is going to offer a
solution of this much-discussed and
troublesome Issue in a quiet, calm and
Judicial way. without any radical leg-
islation changing the governmental
policy In regard to combinations now
denounced by the Sherman anti-trust
law. I have already recommended as
an aid In this matter legislation which
would declare unlawful certain well-
known phases of unfair competition in
Interstate trade, and I have also advo-
cated voluntary national Incorporate
for the larger Industrial enterprises,
with provision for a closer supervision
by the bureau of corporations, or a
board appointed for the purpose, so as
to make certain compliance with the
anti-trust law on the one hand and to
give greater security to the stock-
holders against possible prosecutions
on the other. I believe, however that
the orderly course of litigation In The
courts and the regular prosecution of
trusts charged with the violation of the
anti-trust law is producing among
business men a clearer and clearer
perception of the line of distinction be-
tween business that is to be encour-
aged and business that is to be con-
demned, and that In this quiet way the
question of trusts can be settled and
competition retained as an economic
force to secure reasonableness in
prices and freedom and Independent*
n trad* WUiLOf E TATI
Transmigrating Turkey.
"The only time I ever believed In
the transmigration of souls was one
frosty November afternoon, on my
Indiana farm."
The speaker waa George Ade, the
humorist. He continued:
"It was a day or two before Thanks-
giving. The trees were bare. Th«
fields were a russet brown color. To-
ward me over those russet fields
strutted a very plump, very large,
very young turkey.
"Then it was that an ardent belief
in the doctrine of metempsychosis
seized me.
" 'You,' I said to the superb bird,
'you are now a turkey. And you will
die tomorrow. But, cheer up. Your
next transmigration will be" Into the
body of a humorist not unknown to
fame.'"
Plain Facts.
"Men are a lot of four-fiushers.*
"How now?"
"They tell a girl that all they want
is to bask forever In the sunshine of
her smile. And after marriage they
_ expect her to cook, mend clothes,
desire keep house and do an endless lot of
plain hard work."
Perspicuous.
Percy Oust introduced)—Ah! So
you're the chap who makes mud
heads?
Sculptor—Not all of them.
Only a poor love letter can
spoiled by weak spelling.
be
Model
Breakfast
—has charming flavour and
wholesome nourishment—
Post
Toasties
and Cream.
This delightful food, made
of Indian Com, is really fas-
cinating.
Corn, says Dr. Hutchison,
a noted English authority, is
one of the ideal foods.
As made into Post Toast-
ies, it is most attractive to the
palate.
"The Memory Lingers"
Sold by grocers—
Packages 10 and 15 cts.
Potfum Cereal Co, Ltd.
Battle Creek, Midi.
Upcoming Pages
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Canadian Valley Record (Canton, Okla.), Vol. 8, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 12, 1912, newspaper, December 12, 1912; Canton, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc175886/m1/2/: accessed April 18, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.