Oklahoma Labor Unit (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 5, No. 48, Ed. 1 Saturday, May 17, 1913 Page: 1 of 4
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: Oklahoma Digital Newspaper Program and was provided to The Gateway to Oklahoma History by the Oklahoma Historical Society.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
OFFICIAL ORG 1
Oklahoma St. °s
• O
Federation of L ®
OKLAHOMA LABOR UNIT
OFFICIAL OKGAN
Oklahoma City Trades
and Labor Council
DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF ORGANIZED LABOR AND THE I- A R M h R 3 L N I O N O I OKLAHOMA
VOL. 5.
OKLAHOMA CLTY, OKLAHOMA, SATURDAY, MAY 17, 1913.
No. 4S
M. 0. & G. SHOP FORCE
NOW OUT AT MUSKOGEE
Recently the Chicago WTrlbune
printed the following editorial^:
. | Gray hair does not work In well In
. «, our modern industrial scheme. A man
SEMI MONTHLY PAY LAW LATELY forty is more often a candidate for
PASSED BY LEGISLATURE scrap heap than for promotion.
CAUSES TROUBLE. The machine does not respect old age,
j but it yields to strong muscles.
(Special correspondence)—SIX PT... In the professions alone gia> hah
Muskogee, Okla., May IV.—About is not yet a passport to the land of
100 men. representing the entire shop unemployment. Here the experience
force of the M. O. & U. R. R. system, which comes with age, the accumula-
struck at noon today, the crafts af- tion of facts and knowledge which
ftcted being car repairers, machinists.! time alone permits, still bring re-
blacksmiths, bollertnakers and cop i wards and security to the man who
persmiths. j 13 no longer in his prime.
The trouble was brought about by | Apparently, however, the spirit of
the system of pay adopted by the com-! industry is invading the professions.
. . ' .1 rx9 ho and hupu Inn frmv llilir IH llPCnillillt'
E
RUSHES IN WHERE ANGELS FEAH
CARPENTERS BOOMING
SAYS SECRETARY DUFFY
Kirby, the National Association Of
Manufacturers' loquucious president,
has been chattering again unent the
provision in the sundry civil bill which
prohibits the expenditure or any mon-
ey in the prosecution of labor unions
and farmers' unions. The following
editorial from the New York Globe
and Commercial Advertiser, on April
28, under the caption, "Treason Afoot
is keen and incisive. Read it:
treason or cowardice, or both?"
Traitors all are the supposed!* hon-
orable members of the two houses of
Congress, and, presumptively. Presi-
dent Wilson, who is expected to sign
the bill containing the treasonable
provision. The Cities of the Plain had
eight that were righteous. Washing-
ton, so far as can be discerned, has
not one. The country haB been be-
trayed, as has regularly happened
Again, is Keen anu uiciaivw. ncau u. n«. * ««. - • ■ ■
It is difficult not to envy John Kirby, j since Mr. Kirby began to give the pub-
tne syBnein or pay auvi ra ..... — „ ■- 1 jr., president of the National Associa- lit the benefit ot his advice and his
pany pursuant to the enactment of the and here, too, gray hair is becoming j Uou of Manufacturers. One would comment on current events,
semimonthly pay dav law. Since the a terror. By the terms of the tier- uk(, to b(> as gurei us Peel Bald „( it tH treasonable, according to this
Indianapolis, May 15.—General Sec*
semi-montniy i>ay uaj iaw. " .cnu.. .... ........ 1IKe lo ne aK rcci o«i« "• ] ■> -
adoption of the semi-monthly system] man insurance act the correct age Of Vlacaulay, about anything as he is; authority, to permit men to form or
• J the person insured against old age,! a|l0Ut everything. Difficult questions j ganizations having in view the in
sickness, and inlirmity must be given, j are (j jffteult to most persons: not so [creasing of wages, the shortening of
The actors, and especially the 'Mr Kirby. compared with whom Sir I hours, and the bettering of the con-
actresses, protest against this provis- J oracle is uncertain and dogmatic. | ditions of labor. It is also treason-
ion. At present talent and youthful j M,, Kirby is able to blast with | able to allow farmers and fruit rais-
appearance are sufficient to secure an i uni)esitating condemnation the provi ers to associate together for the coin-
engagement, they say. When the aion o{ t|lp sunjry ctvil bill that ex- ( mon marketing of their product. Such
manager knows the right age of every j emptg |allor unions an(j co-operative j organizations exist by the thousand,
actress or actor, they assert, this 0|.gaI1izaiton8 „f farmers from prose- No attorney general has thus far at
knowledge wll prejudice him against j cutloI1 under the Sherman law. This lacked their right to exist. Yet It is
the elderly members of the playing | ,)jM h,|s ))een ,|lrpp t jtm,K passed by w icked to make the law conform to
suu 111 nim 1U ....= fraternity, regardless of their dra- thp ,louHl. wtth practical unanimity, the facts. Kroin time to time there is
volved. and the matter ot policy had matic talent and ability to appear and once by the senate, and is about j Just complaint of the foolishness and
been decided upon by a referendum, young. again to be passed by the Senate. Yet | hysteria or political demagogues and
Accordingly the committee of the Fed-
the company has continued to hold
thirty days' pay in arrears, as before,
and furthermore, today being the reg-
ular pay day, the last being held on
April 25, the boys felt that they were
entitled to pay on this day for work
done up to April 25, as contemplated
by the law. This morning they were
advised, by poster, that pay day would
be deferred until the 15th of the
month. This matter had already been
submitted to the various locals in
" l uku1ii iu uc iibdocu
What is true in Germany is even: ;he |)regident „f the National Asso-Jor' labor agitators. llut for
high
STRIKE VOTE IS TO BE TAKEN
ACCOrUingl> IIIC CUIUUHtic« v..v. • - - , ^ pre&Mlflll Ul UIC iiauumu
prated Shop Employees of the system more true here. Only in the United cjatjon 0f Manufacturers is led to in- power foolishness and hysteria ot the
notified the master mechanic that un- States there is no insurance act to ,lllirt, .Is not uspporting such legls-1 greatest voltage.no one equals a bus!
less pay was forthcoming by noon the press the question of age to the front, j |a(io„ as president Taft vetoed either' Hess man of the Kirby type.
men would quit work, and at noon as it has been pressed in Germany.
about seventy-five working In Mus-J TJhe problem of the aged and the
kogee walked out and notification of | aging, the assurance that they will
the strike was sent to the men out on not be deprived of their bread and
the lines. Shortly after, all men who butter on acount of gray hair, must
had refused to work were ordered to before long become an important issue
report for their time, and to get off for industry and the government to
the company's premises. consider.
Another grievance which the boys
expect to thresh out at this time, is TEAMSTERS GROWING.
the matter of sending engines anil
other rolling stock out of the state for Cleveland, May 15.—Another large
repair. It is understood that the M. increase in membership of the Team-
O & G. company has a contract withjsters* Union was recently had when
the M. 1<. & T. for the overhauling of I 300 joined the organization. There
two engines a month at the Katyjare now over 1,100 teamsters in the
shops in Parsons, Kansas. Since this | organization, and it is growing by
system has been adopted it has result-! leaps and bounds.
ed in the laying off of about fifty per
cent of the men here.
We are at a loss to understand the
position of the company's represent-
atives in this trouble. They are un-
doubtedly in the wrong, both morally]
and legally, and there is no question
but the matter will be settled in a
short time, in a manner entirely en-
tirely satisfactory to the men. |
We have all, no doubt, heard the STEAM FITTERS ANU PLUMBERS
story of the old Scotchman who had
spent his youth in railroad construc-
tion in the old country, but had sub j
sequently emigrated to one of ourj
unsettled prairie countries. After he
had been in his new home for some
vears the matter of building a rail
Boston, May 15 — In negotiations I
between striking employes and em-
pio>ers to adjust their differences, the
former have a nglii legalh to insist ADVANCES ,N WAGES AND BET-
on llteir union being recognized in
stead of the employers taking the TERMENTS BEING SECURED
position that they will deal onl\ with —NEW CHARTERS.
individual employes and not with any
committee of a union. Such Is the
ruling made by Judge Lortng of the1 retary Frank Duffy reports the fol-
Supreme Court recently in the action |ow|ng successful trade movements,
ot John Cornellier against the Haver- ,|u, news of which has been trans-
hill Shoe Manufacturers' Association. muted to the general headquarters:
The judge further held that it was Cadillac, Mich , Increase in wages
lawful for employes lo associate them- f,om 35 cents to 40 cents per hour,
selves with a union to benefit their Heading. Pu., increase in wages
condition. The judge further held from 35 cents to 40 cents an hour,
that it was lawful for employes to am| reduction in hours from nine to
associate themselves with a union to eight per day.
benefit their conditions, and they had Warren, Pa., eight hour day estab-
a right to have the union present Hghed 011 May 1.
their demands to employers. This is Newport, R. I„ ufter a strike lasting
the first time that the issue has been fwo OI- three weeks air increase irr
j — ,....1..,..n.. ..in.,- wagBg |,a9 been secured from $3.76 to
da/, with a three-year agree-
ment. Included in the agreement is
u.i ............ ... - a further Increase of 2 cents per hour
sympathetic strike was called irr a after next year, and arr additional 2
altnno 1 r.r I I the year following.
Hlnghamton, N. Y., secured an In-
crease in wages from 37K' cents to 4<i
1 urn 11 urn tuvuiaiuif, w d , ui cents per hour, with the understand-
leglng that he was deprived of ob- |1|(, tllHt another increase will be
taining a job because of its circular- granted next year.
tlon. He also claimed damages and The United Brotherhood Is having
was awarded $250 by Arthur P. llardx an organization boom, the following
us master. Judge Lorlng recommitted |0(.u| unions having been chartered
the case to the master to determine (|ur|„K the month of April: Caney,
whether Cornellier took any part in Kaus.; Los Angeles, Cal.; Krie, Pa.;
the sympathetic strike. If it is found i Brenham, Texas; Petersburg, 111 :
that he did take part tire Judge says New Rochelle, N. Y.; Jackson, MIbs.;
ire will not be entitled to muintaiu Falmouth, Mass.; Memphis, Tenn ;
his bill in equity because lie could 1101 pr0V0| Utah; Caldwell, Texas; Val-
complaln if the manufacturers refused1 (|()gla ' (lu . Liverpool, N. Y.; Chip-
to give him work as a result of a con-; pevva Falls, Wis.; Tomup, Wis.; Rusk,
dition that he was instrumental in
railroads has declined to grant the re
quest made by the conductors and
trainmen for an increase in their wage
schedules. The committee in a reply
Bent to the two organizations men-
tioned asserts that the present wage
schedules are liberal and in many
cases excessive, and that the request
for air increase is declined "in the in-
terest of the owners of railroad se-
curities, in the interest of all railroad
employes, and in the interest of the
public as a whole"
The conference committee In its
communication further says: "The
wages and working conditions which
you request would Increase the pay
of the 100,000 conductors and train-
men of the railroads in the Kastern
district by approximately $17,000,000,
1,.,ii.ii,,ir •. riii- Worcester, Mass., May 15.—The fol 0|. ;,0 per cent. per annum The in-
years the ma e b n t0 i lowing is taken from the Labor News, creaSe would be equivalent to tire
road through f^'^^^.^^ion Published in this city: ' placing on these properties of a lien
be agitated, an ° of'the project "Until a few months ago the steam of {425,000,000 of 4 per cent, securi-
as to the practi^cab 1.1, or the project ^ of Worce8ler were practically ,ipg* whlch would haVe preference
was asked or. impractioal unorganized. The trouble experienced j over first mortgage bonds."
ed the idea argument for his for several months because of the fail immediately following the notice of
and as a c°nvincingargume,t^rhs ure of th0>e who belonRed t0 the A. the manasers' committee, it was d,
opinion asked Where In h 1 win wlth the lo.al recog-
you build your tunnels? The officials B , F of L kept the craft
of the M. O. & C., seem 'o be obsessed , «i-d by the^A ^ &
with a similar < ' without: fairly good number of members, but
h-1 Will you run a railroad without] J ,*„thop thpv P„ntrolied only a
strikes?"
FIRSLCLERKS' MINIMUM
ESTABLISHED IN SOUTH
SETTLE DIFFERENCES AND
IMPROVE CONDITIONS.
passed on judicially. Cornellier was wages lias oeen secureu iroiu 10
employed in the Witlierell Ai Dobbins u per ,jayt with a three-year agree-
Company factory, Haverhill, and went ment. Included in the agreement is
on strike January 12, 1911! Later
sympathetic strike was cal
number of other shops. January 13
of this year Cornellier filed a bill to
restrain the Manufacturers' Associa-
tion from circulating a black list, al-
I Texas; Richmond, Va.; Utica, N. Y.;
bringing about. Fred \\\ Mansfield, mviera. Texas; Dunklrg, N
counsel for Cornellier, says his client * —
New York. May 15.—The conference]cided by the officials of the comluc
, P„Btpr„ I tors ami trainmen to order a poll of
committee of managers ot Hiastern- i,mu
1 the members ol these organizations
affected to determine whether <hf
power of calling a strike should be
put into the hands of the leaders. Tin
wage dispute of the conductors and
trainmen closely followed that of the'
engineers and firemen, both of which
organizations secured raises in wages|
by arbitration, under the Erdman law.
The railroads, however, have taken a
strong attitude against arbitration of
the present difficulty.
The railroads are undoubtedly bid-
ding for public sympathy, and the fig-
ures which they present undoubtedly
are given with this intention. But
the aggrieved employes, through their
representatives, ask this question: "Is
it legitimate to demand that all sacri-
fice to the public interest must be
made by a class of men who have only
received 39 per cent, in increases dur-
ing the period since 1890, and levy no
tribute for the public interest upon
the stockholder, who has in the same
period received 429 per cent, of in-
crease in his returns from his invest-
before the result of the strike vote is
made public.
Y.; Monc-
ton. N. B., Can.; Bonham, Texas; ('hat-
was in no way active in the sympa- |ianii ont., Can.; Columbus, (la.; North
thetlc strike, but was merely passive. nattleford, Sask., Can.; (loreville, 111.;
The master will also further consider \f0|,iie, Ala.; Cambridge, Md.; Oneida,
the question of damages. Ultimately' ^ y . garnia, Out,, Can.; Minneapolis,
Minn.
the matter will go to the full bench
on the issue of whether the Manu-
facturers' Association has a right to
circulate a blacklist.
OFFER COMPROMISE.
Kansas City, Mo., May ir..—The
Master Painters' Association has
made an offer of 55 cents per hour to
the painters who are on strike, but it
has been declined. The men are on
strike for a rate of 60 cents per hour,
and consider that under the present
condition of living this is a fair rate.
' l'he Master Painters' Association has
been broken into by some of the mas-
RETAIL CLERKS' UNION OF FORT,^. paln„,r8 HiKlllllK tlu. new agree-
PIPE THROES BENEFIT
By UNIiy OF PUBPBSE
WORTH RESPONSIBLE FOR
INITIATING STANDARD.
ment, and It Is believed that there
are several others who are about to
sign the new agreement. For this
; reason It is considered that the strike
will be won in the very near future.
CARMEN GET INCREASE.
RECOGNIZES FEDEBATION,
ENTER JOINT AGREEMENT
SETTLEMENT WILL HAVE FAR-
REACHING EFFECT IN TRADES
j even together they controlled only a
I small portion of the men working in
I the craft. Immediately after amal-
gamation. however, a change took
place. Taking advantage of the special
dispensation from tile United Asso-
clut|on, whereby the initiation fee
was greatly reduced for a specilied
time, the membership went to work Washington. May 15.—The llrick-
w.th a will, and from a membership layers' and Masons' International
of about thirty it has grown until it union will soon submit to its mem-
iretre,%^5m,,ulln.nraWoyrc^:: the matter of aviation with
ON RAILROADS £en in such excelient shape as at ^ American Federa, on o l.abo,
present. The members are employed TheU.
A victory for the system Shop Fed- ."^interest is ,,„inR manifested by 1 the following, it being the leading
eratlon has been gained by the gen- membership at every meeting, anil article:
eral committees of the Hock Island in atte„dance is exceptionally good "Th" Question of affiliation with the
securing concessions from the genera '« „amatlon Gf these two unions American Federation of Labor, as or-
nianagement in Chicago, which will splendid effect, and has llerP(l b-v ,h<* st- Joe convention, will
result In substantial increases in pay a"T * at good also among the 'lthln the neX, two months be sub
wornea great b mitted to subordinate unions for an-
other vote. The question is of seri-
ous moment to our International
Union. A thousand times more so
than when submitted at various times
in the past. During the past ten
years there have been many changes
in •building construction, until toda>
we are beset on all sides with ques
Fort Worth. Tex., May 15.—The
Union Banner, the local labor paper,
in a recnt issue, editorially said: i " " ;
Seattle May 15.—A new wage scale
"For a week or more nearly every t , ' ' . . .. to the
has been granted b\ the court 10 un
newspaper we have seen contains a, l,aB 0 ..... ,.,wi
, , . .... ,, omp overs of the Seattle, Kenton anu
news item stating that a certain Wash- ' n«,«. n ,v nil of
.... . Southern Railway Company, an oc
Ington merchant had established_ a] ^ arp mpmbers of the union. The
minimum wage scale for his retail becomes effective at once,
lady clerks fixing It at *8 per week.: - ^ ase ot , per
The very first minimum wage scale P (() a„ ela8K„s „„
for female clerks was established a , ,■
, . «%• ,i fourth vear, when a flat \^age 01
some ten years ago by the I-or. W or ll | ' ur ^ (q |)(i
Retail Clerks' Union. After a struggle cen 8
lasting for several weeks $5 was es-
tablished as the minimum. The fol-
lowing year this was increased to $<J!
per week. Some tlire of four years-j
ago one of our department store own -
ers established a minimum wage seal"
result in substantial increases in pay
of al men employed. crafts .
Under the terms of the new agree-
ment the Rock Island system is
brought to the standard of other roads REFUSE CONFIRMATION.
in the competitive field throughout •
the Western country. Albany, May 1" .—Governor Sulzer
The most important feature in con- recently sent the name ot John Mit-
nection with the present status of chell to the State Senate for confirma-
affairs is the recognition of the Sys- tion as State Commissioner of Labor. wo are beset 0n all sides wnn ques
t^m Federation movement and the aI1(i the Senate refused to comply with tions of jurisdiction over certain
securing of joint agreements covering the Governor's wishes. In the closing, w0rk. These claims come both from
all crafts which expire at the same hours of the Legislature Governor t|1P newer and the older organizations
time. Under the terms of the contract I Sulzer again sent to the Senate tli« s clinrtered by the A. F. of L.. and are
hAiiarmalrpra nuil boil- nomination of John Mitchell and that j o result of thp changing of their classi
I for his establishment of $'.♦ a week,
I this being the smallest sum paid even
are powerless to move or take sides) beginner, whether man or woman,
in such matters. If they recognize our! This merchant, informed us of what
claims, then the threat is made that | lie had done sev. ral months after its
the entire building trades will be; inauguration, but pledged us not to
pulled off their work, and conditions publish his name. I.'ven now lie will
are such that today in several cities! not give his consent to having any
there are employers involved in juris- publlcitx give,,, though in union circles
dictional disputes affecting our iiaer-j the information has spread Speaking
Li m BEEN PASSED
FOR MINERS' SIFffl
*
Denver, Colo., May 15.—The coal
miners' safety law has passed both
houses. A special committee, consist-
ing of members of the Legislature,
coal operators and miners, revised the
original bill introduced and came to
an agreement upon it. "This law
gives Colorado the best and safest
nal disputes affecting our infer- the information has spread. Speaking j wor^|ng conditions for miners in the
ests who have always proved their "* this minimum wage^cale lie said worj(j •• saj(i John K Lawson. < olo-
friendship to us in vears gone by in j he was prompted to establish it l a , ti,„ interna-
just such situations,' they ask, 'Whatj deling that he could afford it, and
are we to do under such a condition?'i that not to do so would be wrong.
"In our state of isolation during the In other words it was a matter ot
past forty years our employers have j < onscience, but after experiment ing
always patted our members on the i w ith it Tor a tew months lie sai«l he
world," said John R. Lawson, Colo-
rado's representative on the interna-
tional board of the United Mine Work-
ers of America. Under the provisions
of the law miners In the future will
receive pay for mine runs, instead of
always paneu our iuemuei cm mci --- screen runs. Operators will pay for
back and urged them to continue it. found It to be the best movement lie th< flring 0f shots. Examination of
mivo.i w ith Mia nthpr had ever inaugurated that it was one ,,
3. Under tne lenna ul uir v-uuiun i nui^i ,,v
machinists, boilermakers and boil- nomination of John Mitchell and that a result of the changing of their class;
makers' helpers secured increases body repeated its action and again flcation of work, whereby they seek to
cents per hour, while the carmen refused to confirm him
:-cured to 2 cents increase, with
idjustm£nts at certain points on the
•stem ranging from 2 cents to 6
The blacksmiths and helpers
SWITCHMEN TO MEET.
grab a little more work for themselvt
at our expense.
"A great deal of the interference
with our well-established classifica
- - Houston, Tex . May l"—The Switch- tion is 'sic-ed on' by those whose onl
t raises and adjustments running men's International Union of North desire is to foment strife and trouble
from lv2 cents per hour to 6 cents. America will hold its convention here, for us, simply because wo have re
Apprentices in all crafts are granted beginning on Monday, May l. . and mained isolated from other trades
e same ratio of gain as are the jour- wm he iw session the entire week, They forge; That there are others ir
ueymen. In Oklahoma, Texas, Arkan- The local movement is preparing an rerested, and that they are innocent
sas and Southern points the maximum extensive program to entertain the sufferers. We refer to the employer
increase is H cent lower than In Iowa, i switchmen. j and to the building public, and they
ti
iiuv n ill in* in uu * uiibtiiii ill* in ui^ oi
'Don't Ket mixed up with the other [ had ever inaugurated thai ii v-,is one must be made before eaeli shitt
irades and be In trouble all the time.'I "f the best investments he bad ever! ?oti8 0I1 duty. Conditions of each
they have said. Today their tune is made. room, printed in all languages spoken
changed, and your international ofli j There can he 110 objection in plu, inu [(V (jl(l Worknifn, must be posted at
1 ers in man\ of our jurisdir ' redit where credit - due and ■■ [i1P room opening. itescue cn-w>
tional troubles have been told that it devoutly to be hoped> that ocurrencepl 3afety devices, and other necessary
ould be better for all concerned if j "f this kind will ha\e tiie effect ol j eqUipnient must be avaiiabh* tor in-
e were affiliated with the rest of tie-1 establishing minimum wage scales in|stant US1, it is also provided thai
rades. Had we affiliated with the [every industrj wheri? women are em | ,.v,.ry working mine must be examined
L. F. of L. ten or fifteen years agoi ployed that rise well above the neces- at ieutt every ninety days by the coa
ur jurisdictional troubles of today sity line. mining inspector or his deputies, who
1 : • ' .':'' -11 '1' ' ! ■1 -
liould have been on the inside, and BROTHERHOOD OF CARMEN. mine 011 a moment s iioti. • whieli i-
lansifications of work conflicting'
ith ours would not liave been ap- Kansas f.'it;.. Mo. Ma;, i ■ I hf will have the power to seaie!: .1.
.roved As matters non stand the. Brotherhood of Railway Carmen has those employed at tjie mine for intoxl-
nore the newer and older organlza-i organized a new lodge at Sherbrook. eating liquors, cigareltes, tobacco,
ions can change their classification1 Quebec, Canada. The S>-tem Federa- pipes, and matcher, and bar from the
jft as the saying goes, tion 011 the Rock Island system has rooms any member earning thes ■
of ours,' the more de- reached a settlement with the man j articles. Timbers are to be delivered
ighteil they appear to be. | agement. The negotiations were con into the mine fre>- of cha.Ke. Check
"Tile (luestion is. WTiere will this all ducted In an amicable manner, anil j w eighmen are to he provided, to be
Mid .' On the one hand our contrac-| 'lie members of the carmen's organi ; paid by the workmen. No boys unde-
ors, always fair to us and willing toi zatlon will receive an Increase in pa-, j 16 or women,
j ranging from ^ to 2 cmts per hour. I mines.
as to 'bite
little inor.
caii be employed in the
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Oklahoma Labor Unit (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 5, No. 48, Ed. 1 Saturday, May 17, 1913, newspaper, May 17, 1913; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc157148/m1/1/: accessed April 19, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.