The El Reno Daily Democrat (El Reno, Okla.), Vol. 32, No. 66, Ed. 1 Tuesday, November 14, 1922 Page: 3 of 4
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CROESUS LOSES
By MARGARET MORAN
(© by th« Wheeler Syndicate, Inc.)
Betty B&xton had been selected by
nature to rule in a sphere of wealth
and luxury. Bred among simple coun-
try folk, her fitness for such rule had
never been put to the test. Her
youthful years had known the want of
the tiner pleasures of life—while oth
ers had pla.ved, she had toiled at tin
larm she called home. Even at col-
lege, to which her father, gathering
together his slender savings, had sent
her she had forsaken the pleasant
paths of proms, excursions and the
rest. Neither she nor her people could
afford these pieasuies. Then came
graduation and work—hard work.
Four years pdssed. She was twen-
ty-four now, beautiful in her new-
born rvomanhood. Success had
crowned her efforts. Yet she had
never given in to her innate desire
for luxuries—her money had flown
homeward to the farm.
This same motive of filial devotion
which prompted such remittances,
moved her to spend a few days each
month at home. She would have
greatly preferred to pass these days
alone with her father. But success
creates friends and automobiles over-
come distances, and shortly it became
very noticeable tlwt one, in particular,
visited her at every homecoming. Al-
ways on each of these occasions would
his high-powered machine be seen be-
fore the farmhouse. Rumor had it that
he was the son of a multimillionaire,
and that he had a "tUrribul crush on
the Baxton pal." For onee rumor was
right.
Only yesterday, this mill iona Ire's
son, by name Sidney Bacon, in pas-
sionate language had asked Hetty to
become the co-heir to his father's vast
fortune. Betty knew what this meant
—the end of all her struggles—the
beginning of that rule for which na-
ture had destined her. She had been
stirred by his proposal hut, strange
to say, it had not been the stirring of
her heart. So she had replied to him,
"I cannot answer."
Today she took herself to the vll
lage. It was a good distance away
but she loved the country air and sun
shine. It was all so beautiful. Ite-
turning home she almost ran into an
old friend, John McAuley.
John McAuley had been the com-
panion of her early years. After high
school had come the parting of the
ways, hut during John's vacation
from the agricultural college they had
been much toge her. Came gradua-
tion and the ripening or love, and it
had been agreed that in five years
they should l*e inaii i "l
But as time progu > <1 John forgot
the agreement cf f< i years hack and
upon Betty's x\ il!n ears came the
offer of immediate marriage.
"f haven't much to offer you, Betty,
dear, now. It will mean hard work
for a few years. But in the end suc-
cess will come—"
Betty was strangely silent. For In
her mind flashed the picture of her-
self as the wife of Sidney Bacon—
wealth—power. She loved them.
Work—toil—hardship—she had had
her fill of these.
John read her face.
"You have changed Betty?"
Betty bowed her head.
"Good-hy, Betty," he said, savage-
ly crumpling his hat in his hand.
Bacon came again that night* and
took her for a ride. Bacon was a
fine type—she thought to herself. He
was so kind—so devoted. He was in
a position to give her everything. As
his wife life would he worth living.
Her meditations were brought to an
end as she checked the scream that
rose to her lips. For barely a hundred
feet away a child pla.ved In the cen-
ter of the road They were going too
fast to bring the car to a stop. She
clutched at her heart, her nails cut-
ting into her palms. Then a sob broke
from her as the child, with a terrified
scream, fell and the car passed over
him.
"You have done it!" she cried.
But Bacon, while laced, said naught
as the car raced madly.
"What,* she screamed, "vou'are not
going hack?"
H answered wll n.v. "I've
I can't stand the conse-
i od.\ will know. It wasn't
WHAT INDUCTANCE
MEANS EXPLAINED
Its Cause and Effects Are Here
Told in Popular Langi^ige
for the Novice.
Wlan a conductor cuts a magnetic
field a voltage Is Induced In the con-
ductor. The voltage Induced depends
for Its value on the rapidity with
whlcli the conductor cuts the magnetic
field. The value of the Induced volt-
age is a function of the rate of cut-
ting, not of tlio field density, etc.
A conductor carrying a current Is
surrounded by a magnetic field. If
i the value of the current he decreased,
tlm magnetic field will decrease. In
, decreasing, ihe magnetic field ahout the
' conductor will cut the conductor and
| Induce In It a voltage. This induced
j voltage In a conductor caused by a
! change In the magnetic field, which was
; produced by the conductor, Is called
j the electromotive force of self-induc-
tion. The direction of the Induced
I voltage due to self-induction is such as
j to oppose nny change.
Looking at the end of a conductor,
If applied current is in a direction
away from the observer, a reduction
In current will produce an e. m. f. of
self-induction that will add to this cur-
rent flow away from the observer, or
being the same direction as the ap-
plied voltage. An Increase In the !*>\v
of the current will Increase the mag-
netic field and an e. m. f. of self-in-
duction will be Induced that will op-
pose the flow of current.
Suppose we consider tTie magnetic
field ahout n conductor carrying an
alternating current. The current al-
ternately flows in one direction and
nwat'il oh, how 1 hale
ilon'i stop 1 shall throw
"No." le
killed liiin.
quences. >
my fault."
"Coward-
yon. If yt
myself out."
lie slopped, and back to tlip scene
of the accident they hastened. The
little body was gone from the road.
Betty hurried to the house.
"Where is he?" she cried, and not
heeding the mother's screaming male
dictions upon her, she was at his side
The little fellow opened his eyes.
"I'se all right, niuzzer."
"I'fu so glad," Hetty cried, kissing
him and helping to bind up his little
bruises.
For an hour slm remained, comfort-
ing, quieting. Bacon still waited. But
with n look thai spoke volumes, she
spurned his offer of the ride, and
walked until she came to John's farm.
h few rods distant.
"Will you take me home, .John,
please?" she humbly asked.
They "fllvvered" homeward, but
John was unbending.
"John, dear." she sobbed, looking
up at him.
John melted. "Yes, Betty."
"I'm wondering whether you'd ask
me now what you asked me this morn-
ing—because- because—If you did,
I'd say 'Yes.' "
John asked.
tweon two circuits <!1n*ert By • m«f>
netlc field but separated electrically.
Examples of both types of Induct-
ance are found lu both high and low
frequencies. In a radiophone trans-
mitter the filter reactances are ex-
amples of low frequency self-induc-
tion. The filament^ transformer Is an
example of mutual Inductance. The
primary of the filament transformer
sets up a magnetic field that Is cut by
the conduytor that forms the second-
ary of the transformer. In radio fre-
quency circuits a tuning coil depends
for Its action upon self-induction. The
operation of a loose coupler depends
upon mutual Induction for the trans-
fer of energy from the primary, or
antenna'circuit to the secondary tuned
circuit to which the rectifying appar-
atus Is connected.
"Skin effect" Is due to self-Induction.
In a conductor carrying direct current,
resistance drop, which can be consid-
ered as a back voltage, Is constant
over Jhe entire cross section of the con-
ductor. The applied voltage then is
opposed at nny point on the cross sec-
tion of a conductor by the same back
voltage and hence the current flowing
distributes Itself evenly over the cross
section of the conductor.
This is not true In conductors car-
rying alternating current. There are
two voltages that oppose the flow of
alternating current In a conductor.
First, the back voltage due to resist-
ance, and second, the back voltage In-
duced by self-Induction. The magnet-
ic field surrounding the conductor will
he strongest at the center of the con-
ductor and weaker at the surface of
the conductor. This will cause the
Induced back e. m. f. to be largest at
the center and smallest nt the surface
of the conductor. Naturally the den-
sity of the circuit that flows will be
Inversely proportional to this opposing
e. m. f. or the least current will flow
at the center and the greater current
will flow along the surface.
As the frequency of the current Is
increased, the "skin effect," as It Is
called, becomes more and more pro-
nounced. Finally at radio frequencies
' Cyc/o
urrenr
*-/o
BACK EMF
DUE TO
SELF INDUCTION
Fig. 1.
then the other direction. Each time
the direction of flow of the current
changes, the direction of the magnetic
field reverses.
When an alternating current flows
In a conductor, the current which Is
set up by the changing magnetic field In
also alternating. Suppose that Fig. 1
represents a graph of the current flow-
ing In the conductor. During the first
quarter of the cycle, while the cur-
rent is increasing from zero at A to
a maximum value at B, the magnetic
Cold will build up with the current.
The Inductive back e. m. f., which de-
pends on the rate of change of flow,
will be a maxlmuAi at A, where the
flux Is changing most rapidly, and a
minimum at B, where change In flow
Is zero. Similarly during the other
three quarters of a cycle the Induced
e. m. f. due to Induction will he a
maximum at 0 and E and a minimum
at D.
The dotted curve then In Fig. 1
represents the e. m. f., of self-ioduc-
tlon. Note that there Is a phase dif-
ference of one-quarter of a cycle, or
f)0 electrical degrees, between the e.
m. f., due to Induction and the current
producing the magnetic field. This ac-
tion of the conductor having a back
e. m. f. Induced In It, when a varying
current flows through the conductor Is
called self-induction.
In other words, self-induction may
be defined as the property of an elec-
trical circuit that tends to prevent any
change In the value of the circuit
flowing through It. The e. m. f. of self-
induction Is always In such a direction
as to prevent any change of current
in the circuit. A length of wire wound
In the form of a coll called a solenoid
has a grenter self-induction than the
same length of straight. The self-In-
duction of a coll with no Iron near
the magnetic field is a constant and
depends on the physical dlmensi< is
of the circuit. The unit of Inductftnce
Is the henry. An electrical circuit has
an Inductance of one henry, when a
change In the current of one ampere
per se'eond will cause a back e .m. f.
of one volt.
It has been explained that an ever
changing magnetic field surrounds a
circuit carrying an alternating current
and that this changing magnetic field
Induces In the circuit a back e. in. f.
which opposes any change ill the cur-
rent flowing In the circuit.
If a second electrical circuit Is
brought within the magnetic field of
the first circuit, the second circuit will
have a voltage Induced In It. The val-
ue of the voltage induced In the sec-
ond electrical circuit will be one volt
peV 100,000,000 lines of flux cut per
second. The direction of the Induced
voltage In the second circuit will be
180 electrical degrees out or phase
with the applied voltage of the first
circuit. The phenomenon just de-
scribed Is known as mutual induct-
ance. Seli'-lnductlon is the reaction of
a circuit upon Itself. Mutual lnduct-
unca Is the reaction that exists be-
RADIO SPARKS
Broadcasting descriptions of
missing persons Is a new use of
the art.
It Is suggested that the growth
of radio In the ne*t five years
will make necessary a "United
States secretary of communica-
tions."
Badio Insurance Is now being
offered covering fire, lightning,
breakage and theft.
When a crystal detector set Is
not In use It should always be
disconnected from the antenna.
If this is not done, sensitiveness
will be gradually destroyed by
continual static splashes and
loud signals.
The army has perfected a
method by which the fastest-
sent radio message can be
caught on wax cylinders and re-
produced at lower speed on dic-
taphone machines, making the
message easy to read.
The first radio theater Is to be
Installed In the Grand Central
hotel in New York city. It will
seat more than 1,000 persons
and will be made commodious
enough to accommodate a large
throng on a dancing floor In a
pnvllion adjoining. Entertain-
ment and dance music will be
picked up from the air.
Loose connections, poor insula-
tion, poor ground, poor joints
and wires, worn insulation,
wires crossing, and many other
small matters may put a set
completely out of commission.
In the Canary Islands the In-
habitants convey signals and bits
of news by a system of whistling.
The system dates back hundreds
of years. When radio takes hold
the islanders will not know
whether their apparatus Is out
of tune or some Inhabitant is
trying to whistle a message.
Every motorcycle used by the
state police of Michigan will be
equipped with radio if experi-
ments now being conducted by
the state department for safety
are successful.
A Frenchman has Invented a
system by which checks can be
sent by radio. What we now
want is a new and easy method
of making the money to meet the
checks.
A- boy in Cambridge, Mass
one evening received on his set
a time signal from Nauen, Orr
many, and one from Honolulu.
For Colds,
Influenza
and as a
Preventive
Take"
Lav nt
Laxative ,
ST 1
Bromt
Quhiiiiie
tablets
The First and Original
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The box bears this signature
(&. sfcSf)
~9r<r7rt^
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trail's Catarrh Medicine has boon tak««
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by
Don't Gamble
with the "lots for your money"
brands of baking powder with
the cheap and big can kind,
you're sure to lose every time.
CALL FOR
CALUMET
The Economy BAKING POWDER
It's used by more housewives—more chefs—more
railroads—more restaurants—more hotels,
than any other kind in America and its
sale is over 150% greater. If you want
every bake-day to be a success—if
you want positive results at a small
^cost—if you want to guard the
purity of your bakings, use
Calumet. Every ingredi-
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. e* k imo powoy
BF.ST BY TEST
THE WORLD'S GREATEST BAKING POWDER
such a small quantity of current flows
near the center of the conductor that
the conductive material there Is use-
less and can be removed. For this
reason tubing is often used for con-
ducting high power at high frequen.
cles. I
j 0
To get the most
out of life,you
must enjoy it.
rfhe rules are simple
\Jhe reward is priceless
THE whole scheme of progress ta based on
the desire for enjoyment. But without
health, you cannot enjoy life.
If your nerves are irritated and weakened by
the effects of coffee or tea drinking, you cannot
have good health. If you can't sleep nights,
and you suffer from headaches, and are gener-
ally depressed, stop coffee and tea. Drink deli-
cious Postum instead, and see if you don't feel
better.
Postum is a pure cereal drink that satisfies the
most exacting taste for a refreshing hot beverage.
Order Postum from your grocer today. Give
this delicious beverage a fair trial, and like thou-
sands of others- you will never go back to coffee
or tea again.
Postum is sold by your f,roccr in two forms:
Instant Postum (in tins) prepared instantly
in the cup by the addition of boiling water.
Postum Cereal (in packages, for those who
prefer to make the drink while the meal
is being prepared) made by boiling fully
twenty minutes.
"There's a Reason
M Postum
Made by
?oitum Cereal Co., Inc
i i le Creek, Mich,
A BEVERA.06
R ' of Wheal
MolaSs
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Maher, T. W. The El Reno Daily Democrat (El Reno, Okla.), Vol. 32, No. 66, Ed. 1 Tuesday, November 14, 1922, newspaper, November 14, 1922; El Reno, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc153549/m1/3/: accessed April 25, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.