The Oklahoma State Capital. (Guthrie, Okla.), Vol. 19, No. 305, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 7, 1908 Page: 3 of 8
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Teaching Agriculture
In the Rural Schools
JTHE OKLAHOMA STATE CAPITAL. TUESDAY MORNING. APBIL 7. W,8.
9
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K By S. W. Black, Instructor In Agricul-
ture and Horticulture,
f There Is always something new un-
* | der the sun. The new of yesterday
9 becomes the old of today.
9 "Time makes ancient good uncouth.
||i We must upward still and onward
Who would keep abrepyst of Truth."
1 Yesterday the new was' nature
• tudj'. Day before yesterday It was
* language lessons. |n the not very re-
^ mote past It was physiology, then
IK camo music, drawing, color work, child
■ Study, etc., and the whole curriculum
I has been torn down and built up
S times without number.
We urge no radical change, we
B would not lay ruthless hands upon the
I ,ime tested, Are tried materials of our
H curriculum. We simply desire to open
H up an untried path which may help
■ us to reach definite ends by a shorter
m and more pleasant Journey.
I The necessities of the problems and
■ the demands of educational systems
B make it imperative that the child
■ shall get his education in terms of
| his surroundings and as a reoultant
U build "P '"to his mental life and ex-
I Per|ence those methods of thought and
■ action that shall develop power, fa-
B clllty and a broad and comprehensive
J' era*l> upon life and Its problems.
1 Why should the school education of
| the child lift him out of his environ-
I ment and attempt to introduce him
1 into a false and artificial atmosphere''
I during the first five years of the
t child's development, while he is a
| home, surrounded by nature, environ-
| ed by the beauties and mysteries of
I the "great, wide, wonderful world " he
learns more than he does in any oth-
[ cr five years of his life.
At this point we take this young
; philosopher, this human interroga-
tion point from the freedom, the joy
and the satisfaction of his natural
school, and we cramp him into a hard
wooden seat, force him to be quiet
and drive him by cast iron methods
along a stony path the end of which
the wisest school han in all the
world la ignorant.
I shall not attempt to urge the nec-
essity of teaching a working use of
the principles and methods that un-
derlie the subject of farming even in
its simplest and most restricted ap-
plication. If there were no other rea-
sons for urging the teaching „f thls
subject. I should abandon my plea at
once Back of that and deeper than
all else Is the proposition that the
study of agriculture with its enchant-
ing material and Its interesting ex-
perimentation must develop power
Power to think, power to act, and
power to Judge.
I.et us if we can marshal a series
of reasons for the faith that is within
us—why the teaching of agriculture
should be woven into the rural school
curriculum.
First of all, if properly taught It
will furnish an abundance of materi-
al, close at- hand, simple and withal
very effective.
Proper methods of handling will de-
velop keenncBs of perception, breadth
of comprehension and a depth of
observation that can result in nothing
but good for the child.
The simplicity and naturalness of
material will not detract by Its
strangeness from the most important
element at hand, viz: Power—getting.
Power may be developed along all of
ti « five channels of the child's mind,
viz: seeing, hearing, touch, taste, and
smell.
The material is attractive enough to
hold attention and teach concentration
of thought. Herein is the doctrine of
interest satisfied. Its study and prac-
tice will give opportunity for devel-
opgin the motor side of the child's
life.
It will correlate well with the fun-
damentals, viz: reading, language
work, numbers, and geography. It
will furnish a wealth of illustrative
and explanatory material for thought,
invention and reasoning.
Its experimentation may be con-
ducted at home in"God*s out of doors,"
amid the beauties of nature and at
first hand. It will ennoble rural life
and lead the child back to nature and
not away from it. It will pay in dol-
lars and cents.
Kow a few points to elucidate the
principles just set forth: The child's
interests are centered in his home life,
in the work he does before and after
school. Hence his powers of observa-
tion may be drawn out more easily
along those lines than along any oth-
er. because it is along the lines of
least resistance. His ability to think
and act may be develo|>ed easier by
the study of problems that touch him
soonest and deepest.
The child is always charmed at
watching the beginnings of things, at
observing growth and development.
Many simple experiments may be
used to supply these requirements.
In reading, sentences may be framed
and stories used that will develop new
Ideas and express new thoughts. Our
school readers should describe the
wonders of plant and flower and fruit
and above all should formulate and
set forth the principles underlying
California
and return
$60
Tickets on sale April 4 and
5. 25 and 26; goods 60 days
Visit San Diego
Los Angdles
San Francisco
A chance to see the famous
fleet of battleships and par-
ticipate in or view the sports,
parades, dances, incidents
to the presence sf a part of
Uncle Sam's navy.
M. N. COCHRELL,
Union Station—-Guthrie
be taught to develop higher types of
seeds, better breed of animals, wiser
methods of management, and shrewd-
er ways of disposing of the products
of his brain and soil.
We shall teach the dignity of labor
and popularize one of the most health-
ful and Independent of all the voca-
tions. Perhaps we shall be able with
this leverage to turn back Ihe tide
from the vice laden, pace killing cltv
to the rural simplicity of farm and
garden life. Our motto Is: A home
for every family in the land with a
garden spot big enough to furnish
fruit and vegetables for the table,
with room for a cow, some chickens,
some bees, and a pig, and this spot of
ground intensively tilled by a man and
woman who have learned the fascinat-
ing science of Its care and culture In
the public schools of our country. This
will do more to stamp out disease and
vice than all the agencies at work to-
day. Such homes would be the bul-
wark of our freedom,
Germany, Switzerland and Holland
are teaching a contented, happy peas-
antry to solve the problems of thelt
environment In their public schools.
Why shall we not teach our free pe .
pic thus to be free indeed ?—Maxwell s
Talisman.
Baking Powder
Tlakes sunshine bread
25 ounces tor jg
All (tracer 1
success in farm management, tillage,
and plant animal development.
In numbers, vital interest may be
aroused and mathematical principles
may be taught by recording the re-
sults of observation and experiment.
For instance, the class may have a
germinating box in which they may
plant seed, observe the number of
vital and non-vital seeds, they may
apply addition, substractlon. multpll-
cation, division, fractions, and per-
centage in recording their results as
well as in a host of other ways.
In language work, what could bo
more Interesting that, to study the life
history of a pea seed, from genera-
li h* t0, frultage? Geography In the
light of agricultureal study, investi-
gation, experimentation and research
even with six year olds, may he made
vital and interesting. How soils were
formed. The forces of nature that
have changed the landscape. All are
full of entrancing interest.
The child may be led to solve, early
n his school days, some of the prob-
ems that enler into home life on the
farm. The selection of the proper
The h'K ""ft th"Se best SUlle(i to
The best methods of preparing soil to
conserve moisture, and encourage
growth; right ways of building up and
maintaining soM # „|lily. He may
Bears the Kind You Have AUays Bougtrt
strawberries as a
garden crop.
The strawberry Is the queen of early
fruits, and without doubt is the most
prolific fruit grown. It Is as easily
raised as any other fruit. Yet, not-
wllhstandlng this fai t, there me doz-
ens. yes, hundreds of gardens in every
community without (t.
The strawberry as of old was a wild
plant, until taken In hand with a view
to its Improvement This was accom-
plished as all other fruits have been
developed, through selecting the best
varieties, planting nothing but the
best and crossing varieties for better
new sorts, until the strawberry of to-
day Is so far ahead of the old sorts
which grew wild in the shady places
In the woods, mostly along the hill-
sides, that the novice, who is not
familiar with the develoment can
hardly believe that they are of the
snme species.
Strawberries having the wild tend-
ency make it easy for the grower to
secure a successful crop, at a very lit-
tle outlay, no matter where the plant-
ing Is located.
You may pet out 500 plants — 100
each of five different sorts—and they
will furnish you fruit for table, can-
ning and preserving for several con-
secutive weeks. The fruit is among
the most wholesome of any known
fruit, and the flavor so delicious that
few prisons dlsllko them, yet the
great majority of families, where
there is plenty of available ground,
for a strawberry patch, pay out In
money, from 20 to 25 rents per quart
for what few berries they • feel able
to. buy, and tfet stock that is shipped
Into their town, when they could have
an abundance of betler berries, practi-
cally free of cost If they would only
take the little care required to grow
them in their own garden
rather bad, for .the span or measuring
worm that prefers gooseberry.leaves.
Don t think any old corner In the
garden Is good enough for the goose-
berry. Just get a few really fine sorts
and give them good care, and see
what a tine berry the gooseberry real-
ly is. with half a chance.
Don't neglect to cut out all old
Shoots of the currants, and allow on-
ly live or eight bearing branches that
is, if you want exhibition berries.—
Mrs. H. J. DeMarr,—American Farm
World.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
Remember, all State Capital ^
subscribers not paid In .advance
will be cut off on April 17. The
bla bargain price now on makes It
easy to stay on the list. One year.
$2.75: four months, $1.00. The yel-
low taq on your paper shows the
date you are paid to. All back
subscription must be paid at the
regular rate of $4.00 a year—33 1.3
cents a month.
A HOME FOR YOUK HORSE
Having secured possession of
my Boarding Stable, corner of
C leveland and Vine St., we aro
here now to stay, and would like
your horses to board ,and they
will receive the very best of earn
and attention—delivered and
called for any time yon wish,
I-arKe box stalls if desired, good
feed yard in connection. Horses
nicely clippod by machinery.
SMITH & SALISBURY"
Cleveland and Vine St. .
Phone 44
The Big Bargain Price on The
Daily State Caital is near the end,
Months, $1.00. Are you in yet.
If not you'11 have to hurry. Offer
closes April 17.
blackberries and
raspberries.
Don't nrglest to cut out all last
year's bearing canes—If you have not
dono m* already.
Don't forget to burn the old canes
—they are a menace to the coming
crop, as they likely contain diseases
and Insects.
Don't overlook the fket that the
•tickers must be cut away from ea.Ji
hill, leaving only four or five strong-
ones to each hill for next year's crop
Don't act as though you had a
grudge against all these berries; but
give them good soil, proper cultiva-
tion. reasonable care and attention,
and they will pay you In many ways.
Don't plow too deeply, during the
growing season, especially, or you will
destroy the small roots feeding near
the surface.
T>on t forget that these cane fruits
are not octogenerarians; new planta-
tions must be made every few years.
Currents and Gooseberries,
Don't fail to start a few new plants
by burying good, strong branches,
leaving the tops out of the ground a
few inches, and tying them to stakes.
They will be rooted by fall.
Don't forget that the currant-worm
hates powdered white hellebore, either
in dry form dusted upon the leaves, or
in solution. Tills Is also good, or
spraying for' diseases
of fruit trees
It has been only within compara-
tively a few years that the fruit
glowers and truck farmers of the
South have been seriously troubled
with the majority of Insect pests and
fungus diseases which are now so
destructive. As these industries have
developed,' the Insects and diseases
have become more common and pre-
valent, and every fruit grower Is com-
pelled to take cognlzanar of thi/m and
make timely preparation to protect
his crops from their ravages. Scienti-
fic Investigation has demonstrated
that most Insects and diseases, par-
ticularly those affecting fruits and
vegetables, can be controlled more
or let# readily by spraying with vari-
ous insecticides and fungicides, still
through ignorance or Indifference,
many orchards and gardens remain
unaprayed, and thousands fvt dollars
| worth of fruits and vegetables are an-
I nuaJly lost to the producers through
| this neglect. The best fruit grower?
j and truck farmers are unanimously
in favor of spraying, and all agree
lhat the operation is profitable, pro-
vided, always, that good judgment is
used. There is no longer any doubt
but that the operation Is based on
rational principles, or that, It Is de-
manded by the In teasing Incursions
of Insects and fin S'l. In a grf,at
many fungus diseases, spraying is
used wholly as a precaution against
the occurrence of the disease. Where
sprays are used in this manner, it is
of special importance that the grow-
er should fully understand the na-
ture and habits of the disease he Is
ai tempting «n prevent.—Farmers'
News SHmltar.
causes of failure ...
mushroom raisjnq.
Success In mushroom growing «e-
Ponds „„ Intelligent study of 00„-
Amerf "nd °n While many
American growers have been success,
fill In the production of musnrootns a
much larger number have failed 'i„
os tasis their failures have hern
causes: °"e " ",0r' °f the
(1) The USB of poor spawn, or of
spawn which has been killed by im
Proper storage.
ivzjrz!"*at a tem~~ -
(3) The use of too much water
£ther at the time of spawning^
.<4) Unfavorable temperature dur.
in* the growing period.
the berry patch.
What's your best way of disposing
of your berries?
'or tine fruit gooseberries need
pruning every year.
for Ihe'8"uu,erl> eastern slope
tor the berry garden.
udarned'berrl°s "urce(-'d In any soli
uuapted to any rrorp.
In northern latitude- April is a good
time to stt a strawherry bod
Mulching will keep strawberries
Itig frnl'ti Sn" 'n K°'Jd condltlo
ing frul tirif? season.
To produce large strawberries, hill
the plants, punching runners off J
soon as they apoear
nest fertilizer for strawberries 1,
muck, rotten turf, wood soil, or vege-
table manure. 8
Set gooseberries in good rich soli
each ^season"1,0-a'
.b6St 'l>eiT5' *ro«n<' Is a rich
w^r,o-
VaUey Farmer.
Right
*4
. a
The Postmaster \T— p. |f p ■ ■
ng Kequtres All Newspaper Subscriptions to be Paid in Advance to Get the
TOT- ptatp ^ , to the Mails. On April J 7, 1908
_E^T^TC_^APrrAL^ADOPTS THE PAID-IN-AD V A NO? plan
r> « Vici / r\ • s-. '! Be Eisy For Erarbod,, we iMug„„,e
SIXTY BIG BAR0AIIM DAYS ON THE DAILY.
r I . _ f"\ • -m ■ ■ - - —
T o all "wlio will Pay
The Dail S
All Bach Dues
tate Capital One Year, By Mail $2.75
at the Regular Rate of $4.00 a..vn„ and
$2.75, One Year in Advance by
Mail. . .
Ruling
Jon
1908.
V
' f
i
<,
$2.75 '
For One \ ear in Advance will be tho
^pociaj Bargain Price for tho Daily
Htato Capital until April 17, 1908, when
all_subscrlbers not Paid m Advn^
will be dropped from the List.
T)!tGnAPriL17' 1008' no subscriptions to
he Daily btate Capital will bd sent b.y
mail unless paid for in advance. I n the
meantime, for 60 days, or to April 17
1908,'we establish these P 1
SPECIAL BARGAIN RATES ON THE DAILY
SilVTk in Advanc^' By Ma" Only *2.75
Six Months #
Four <• ..... * 1,50
, Three « .. .. ° .. J' I O°
°ne " "•
Remember the Regular Price by mai,. $4 per y'^p
Here is the Postmaster General' New
U. S. POST OFFICE
p.,1,1- u Guthrie OVln
I ublisher State Capital,
Guthrie, Oklahoma
Sirs
Postal UwsPOandD,S!!;.SenerSl j-S No yu? amuuds th«
It 1908- -ations as indicated below, effective, January
Section 432, P. L. & R.
publila^ToTiolT11? rif!lt 0f " pt,b,i8her t0 th" price of hit
prizes, or other onu i T* 8ub(,cnPt,ons by th« Sfivinc of premiums,
naner* h Moderations, or by clubbing his paper with other
not au^tfonL^T188^118 "P°n subst:riPtio obtained by agent*, ii
BpLt oTthe^\ro°h m:th0d* ^ be scrutinized in
a whole and n ' L ,upon 16 '•Wt'wacy 0f the subscription list as
iieltiot" UP0D the qUe8t,0D 0f the P—T design of the pub-
seeurePrerneT.? of *1™" Wi" be a"°wed Polishers to
Dressl v ron I f. ubscnptions, but unless subscriptions are ex-
Dailies, within three months;
TVi-weeklies, within six months;
Spmi-weeklies, within nine months;
^ ''eklies, within one^ear;
^mi-monthlies, within three months;
Monthlies, within four months;
Bi-monthlics, within six months; J
Quarterlies, within six months;
they shall not be counted in the legitimate list of subscribers and
copies mailed on account thereof shall not be accepted for maili'
«t the second-class postage rate of one cent 9 pound, but mav l
lailed at the transient second-class rate of one cent for mrh fn
ounces «r fraction thereof, prepaid by stamps affixed. The ripht of
Pt> il'sher to extend credit for subscriptions to his publication m
not demed or questioned, hut his compliance or non-comPlianee wrth
this regulat.on will betaken into consideration in deteraton.
™ti,i,d u ■ "-- «.b.
I send yon thi for your information and attentiorf.
Respectfully,
WM. MeOOY,
Postmaster.
The Daily State @apita!
ONE YEAR BY MAIL FOR
$2.75
IN ADVANCE SPECIAL BARGAIN PRICE
Dont l ose out on this Big Bargain but
Mail V our Check at Once. The yellow
PaidTo°Ur PaPer 'e"S wher°y°u re
The State CapitalCo.
Subscription Department
guthrie, oscla.
CLIP THIS OUT, FILL IN THE BLANK AND ENCLOSE TO US
WITH THE RIGHT AMOUNT.
ORDER FOR SUBSCRIPTION.
R P. D. No.
THE STATE CAPITAL CO.,
aUTHftlB, OKLAHOMA.
Sir—Enclosed find f
for wh,ch me The Dtily State Capital for _
— *• t^r voar 8p«olal Bargain offer.
I aluo rnrlose
. ... - Dollars
for back .ubicrlptlon. it the rerultr rale by mall al 14.00 per year. My PoitoflW* ,j*
dress is
Dollars.
My r
A re you a ti ew er old aubficriber'
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Greer, Frank H. The Oklahoma State Capital. (Guthrie, Okla.), Vol. 19, No. 305, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 7, 1908, newspaper, April 7, 1908; Guthrie, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc126653/m1/3/: accessed April 24, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.