The Oklahoma State Capital. (Guthrie, Okla.), Vol. 13, No. 259, Ed. 2 Sunday, February 23, 1902 Page: 2 of 8
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'W
THE OKLAHOMA STATE CAPITAT., ST'VOAV MORXIXC,. FEBRT'ATiT 23. IMS'
Conservatism—The Essential in
American Character and Policy
Spcech by Senator Beveridgc Before Chicago Union League Club Yesterday.
_r_n_r_ru rLi-i_r_ri. r ------ *■* >■ h i i
The meaning of Washington In Am* r- tree s branches t
lean history is discipline The m-^age rhey are not, th.<
of Washington's life to tin- American peo-
people us discipline. Th. need of Amer-
ican character is discipline.
Washington did not give patriotism to
the American colonies. The pe< r had
that us abundantly a he lie did i'"1
give thera courage That quality w.«s
and Is in the American blood. !• did
not even give th-m resource. There were
Intelh < ;s more product.ve than his Hut
Was) Kton pave balance and d1'" ' OTI l"
elemental fo .es. lie was the genius of
order, lie was poise personified. 11. was
the spirit of discipline. He was the ureal
Conservative ll was this that made all
other elements of the Revolution cfTee-
tlve. It was this th it organised a n b-
ulous Independence into a nation ot lib-
erty. The parts of a machine ar use-
less until assembled and fi11 • deacn to lt
appropriate place. Washington dl<l that.
And so it is that we a e a people
Hut we are not yet a perfect peiplft
mnv mor9 than a youth Is yet a pertect
man We are vet in the making It
la a glorious circumstance. Youth is
the noblest of God s great gifts. 1'bo
llf« of a nation Is like the life of a man
Read the history of a people who have
done things in their day. Read the life
of a man who has done things In his day.
They are ns as similar
the comman trunk I titration all over the world, you can Bp-
fore, to be determm- preciate how dang, rous makeshift
_d permanently by cure-all measures and I tires arc. The simplest
put aside "s settled, as you puck artici.-s J life site
box and put it on
shelf, sealed and
labeled. Conditions undego ceaseless
change, and measures mane for tfiom
conditions must alar, undergo ceaseless
ehange. Hut if the cliailge is Wise^ it
must be slow and not sudden The
wrenching of the vast and delicate ma-
hinery of the Nation's business.
t of CiVihzed
human Industry. Hake,
fa.- example, your Journey home tins af-
ternoon m a cab or railway or strict
car. It Involves the growth and teti.ng
of forests. It calls into .day the energies
of miners searching out tlie ore l oin
which are made the wheels that carry
you. It involves the cattle from wh. se
hides aro made the harness, or the le
straining of the nerves of the whol • people or used in ears. It involv
the
II Ib only .iumiIoii nt TmiKnltu.U-. Tho | h now co,dltlon>i Kn,w
jlm.rlrun iicupl.- «••• younit. 1;' . \iiui. •
Yes' Powerful? Yes! Master}ul? Yes! lJIs-
ClpUned ? Not entirely. Reserved? Not
yet. but will be. Moderate? Not yet,
but growing in that grace. And there-
fore on this, his ray, I bear you the mes-
sage of Washington he. whose sanity.
orderliness and calm have reacnert
through the century, steadying ns when
untamed passions of riotous youth had
i all but reached the climax of cnaos
Tho American people have finally over-
come every convulsion? True. '1 he h*-
i merit of sobriety has never failed to mus-
l ter the maddest agitations? True again.
But the cost of the stuggle In every In- I
L atance has been measured gy the strength
! of the instinct of discipline at the time.
|'Today we are calm, and are conscious
I.of no need of self-restraint. Yes! Hut
[yesterday we were delirious, and tho
. rumble of cannon on your streets and
J the rattle of musket, y at your doors was .
i hailed with feelings of security and re-
llel'. And many crises may be recalled [
i by men not yet old. Tho political eon- I
. vulslons of five years ago is a peaceful |
example of popular hysteria, overcome by
strenuous work that tested the powe
ampaigiiH. has b en
to Imposaibl propositions to Instantly . n-
act felicity. '1 his is not discipline, not
sanity. It Is not reason, but passion;
not reserve, hut rashness.
Onu the other hand, measures once en-
acted are not Immortal. No economic
statute can be perpetual. To say that It
can never be bettered Is to say that hu-
man conditions can neve- he bettered
But they can be bettered. Yesterday wh
lumbred In Stages, to day We fly in pal
aces. Ami the change from stage-coach
to railway has required a new body of
laws, which are themselves perpetually
banging. Yesterday both capital and lo-
>.< i were indlv.dualired; today both a.e
consolidated. systemlzed. co-operative,
i ,i... oin iuws no longer fit the case Hut
these conditions grew out of the old con-
ditions- they were not suddenly c.-eated.
And no we must let the new laws, regu-
grow, and
not suddenly create th**m. Quick crea-
tions always are ineffective Conditions
make laws, not laws conditions And
when this order s reversed both the law-
mad and tin* law which mako
them are unhealthy, Ir.itatlng and dang-
erous. Events aro the greatest of law-
makers. Deliberation, practice an! tho
arl - regulation of our activities are the
surest of safe-guards. Put not you:
faith in written word alone; put your
faith In your own steady self-restraint.
The letter kllleth but the spirit givetn
As In your relations to mo als, you
ie Master and strive to be
like him. so In your relations to the stale
and your attitude toward all questions
that present themcslves to you as ono
of a self-governing people. .fmomber
Washington and strive to be like him
reserved, considering, considerate and
calm.
The national habit If self-control exer-
cised In the current developments of
each day, when times are not hot with
friction, will act without effo.t In the
hour when events flame with excitement.
iopt this formula of
tho
•ti villus,
sand
the lives and llvllhood
men immediately at hand; and h.oade
itig from tnls center of focused activity*
It circles out to the remotest confines
of the world s Industry. If so simple an
art a* your Journey home this alt. moon,
to which you give no heed, so common-
place has il become. Is thus fai-ieaun-
lng. how Infinite In consequence aro
measu-es controlling these industries,
and how vastly greater even Is the policy
of h people with reference to them. Do
I say, therefore, that no measure should
he taken; no policy formed? No, I nay
the reverse. Hut I say with greater
ea.nestness. caused by the dang r or
unthoughitul and unulsclpllned action,
that those measures and that policy
.should ho well considered, cautiously ad-
opted, executed with sanity and juog-
mn«(
CHARACTPJR OF CAPITALIST*.
On the other hind, the developments
Is haying its beneficial effect upon the
capitalists thcms«lvts. Responsibility al-
ways brings a broader understanding
and a gentler •onslderatlon of others.
And dealing, as the managers ot these
vast agencies of production anil ex-
change are, with ail the people of the (,,rer;.tu_n1t,:,1'B-.
nation, and well nigh with all ihe wor.d,
a. new comprehension of those pdbple is
forced upon the capitalists, whether he
will or no. Tho financier of tne twentieth
century baa got to be more than
anc.er. The modern
the times when the calm of Washington
councils prudence. sail-restraint, tho
holding well In hand of the people's
ihougnt and action by the people them-
selves. And there are retrogcsslve ten-
dencies as well to which the spirit ot
Wush.ngton equa.ly a lies The fanati-
cism of existing conditions 18 the reverse
of the shield. It Is as unreasoning to ai^
that an outgrown law shall not be rnodl-
tied as it is to say that immature stat-
utes sha.ll be enacted One Is the hysteria
of precedent; the othi r is the hysteria of
alarm. Men sav "Down with the tariff
,\i. n say Maintain the tariff." or "Lift
it higher still." Conservatism says. "You
both are wrong—adjust the tariff to con-
• , . . . . . . .I....tin., iu n,. 1 '
ditlons. Tariff merely for protection is no
fetish; tariff fo/ mere revenue Is no god,
No system of taxation is sacred. It is
merely a means to au end or many ends,
It Ih not an end in itselt/' Th s Is the
voice of conservatism and it is the voice
of truth and soberness.
Even self-government is not an end In
Itself It is a means to an end. With
Anglo-Saxon peoples self-government is
the means to the end of Individual and
collective human happiness. And all the
laws of Be!f-governin g peoples are Just
that and nothing more Tariff laws are
no exception. If they are wise, they
grow out of conditions; and so they be-
come unwise when the conditions out of
which such laws have grown have them-
selves outgrown the laws When this be-
comes true, such laws need re-adjust-
ment, for the very same reason that calls
for their original enactment.
IIOMIK AND FOREIGN MARKET
We have entered upon an era of pro-
duction that overwhelms our very un-
not so yesterday.
Yesterday we made little we did not
want ourselves, and so the "home mar-
ket" was then the word of economic
truth; and'that word spoke Into life a
system of protection as perfectly fitted
lor Its purpose as ever the mind of
auomplleh. Let no man doubt our ulti-
mate sur-cea*. for we will proceed accord-
ing to the oeunclls of conservatism.
erat o~> w'11 direct us
AMERICAN CHARACTERISTIC.
W <j uear Uomaiio nemand* for the
independence of our Malay wards, with
out considering concrete conditions. is
this moderation? la this the method of
calm r«vu on / is It not bettor to nn i the
fr^-ts and lit our acts to these.' Adapt-
ability is the American char.ictet ;st:o.
We are told that this and that is tne
American characteristic. We are **.id
to frame our action upon this tradition or
that, regardless of changed sit tic ti ns, of
absolutely different facts. rVit i lapt-
ablllty is the American characteristic.
Adaptability, adaptability, adaptability.
'Ihe lining of means to ends, the adjust-
ment of measures to condition« his is
the heart of Americanism. The secret of
American success has iieen that w< have
looked the. facts squarely In the face
and then made our measures fit those
facts. We have done this regardless of
maxims. Indifferent to theories and even
over the letter of our constitution itself
when It stood In the way President Mad-
ison thought that the federal government
had no power to hu.ld a national high-
way. The power to make internal im-
provements was not conferred on con-
! gress by the constitution, he said. This
was the view of th< fathers. Rivers,
roadg and harbors we.-e matters of local
oncern. they thought. The theory "f lo-
can spirit. And au with our new and th y ar. rov*d. ^ prMent metlH
world-wide duties. If facta demand auto. | aimWe present method* .e ^
11on.v fur !-.aa«a lon . autonomy It ™uae thw Kre at hand If n^« m .
rtluili Ij.- If facts demand guardianship are neceasa y. new metn/j<is we wiu i
at ilur hands. *iutrd?arwhl,i it ahal. vent beoauae ^ ^'oM ^l not nZ-
Ov. r the American mind and heart and Th. faji.tielam -f thr oId wllU^noit i II
American people. ihe conservatism or
adaptability, ttu- calmness of tne appro-
prate, the patience necessary for the do-
ing of the work In hand w hatever tnat
work may be—these are the saving intlu-
ences which will govern American action
now and hereafter. The discipline of U.«
day's work, the balanced judgment li..t
w. If the people will
eohaervall,m to the ultimate limit I'..||- ooneen'atlve thooght. Everything I. not
ula- reaerve the H. lf.rc lr;tlnt ot tne |ieo- bad bec-auae It i ne , and everythlne la
pie the IIreside t onference. would have | not *r,,>.l beraune It Im old and upon
eaaentd everv e^eltlnK i IreumHtanee In that formula hnae conservative proced-
that
ure, we shall always end with conserv-
ative results. And conse.vatlve irsults
are safo results; and safe progress Is per-
manent progreas Let ua beware ot re-
| bounds.
LABOR AND CAPITAL.
! We a.ti In a period of growth which is
' Itself a proof of youth and enlarging
— ... . - I vital'ty. It Is In Inevitable that each year.
flirts between labor and the productive each day, shall behold unheard
wialth. U <• applaud it. and We should. , of developments In our Industrial, com-
But not because ll will be effective- for j merojHj an,( rinanclal methods. Let us be
It may not be effective. Rut wu hall it nol mrt 1«'<I at them. They may be ben-
as an evidence that the .s-jliit of to**- 1 t>t\«'ient «'i" they may be malevolent, but
bearatice Is spreading among the peopie. j denunciation, hasty actions, conclusions
which a e Jumped at Instad of being
J our history, and (Vrevented many or most
' of them eason Is better than bayonets.
' Sober .-econd thought Is better than the
( destroying violence of a campaign ove^
passion-born propositions.
A R BIT R A TION COMMITT BE
in th - daily press we read of a in-
operative council "f capitalist, clergy
orkers and publicists to settle the
'onstlt ti-
lt In an expression of the tnst'nct of orde
which must become the ruling element
In American civilisation And this it is
which, more and more, wii settle strikes,
and In theend prevent them. This It Is
which, more and ino e, will take wildmss
out of our politics, until reasonable is-
sues will remain The remedy for fric-
tion between employer and emph
In the breasts of the menthemesp
their employers. The saving of the peo-
ple Is in the hands «<f the people them-
selves, and nowhere else. Hetter tn n
councils ami i ninmisslons and cong essei
is the Sfi.-discipline, the reasoning re-
serve, the regulated conscience of a |ret
people. And congresses and councils are
effectiv.- only as they are expressions of
this
Indeed, we have awakened to tho funda-
mental fact that written laws are not
everything. Rack ot our statutes stand
ou- t'onstltulon, mid hack of our ^in-
stitution stud our Institutions, and back
of our institutions stand suor rac L<T
us remember that the people are the real
foundation; nol laws, not even consti-
tutions It is the people from which
statutes, constitutions and even Institu-
tion.; spring tnat gives these forms of civ-
il method their meaning The Constitu-
tion of this Republic would be a diff* r-
ent Inst uinent a the fundamental law
of a Latin nation even though that na-
tion copied it word for word. it would
be Interpreted In the racial spirit ex-
pounded In the light of their t
stltutions Every day since the '
Hon has be. nuuopted we have been act-
ing, beyond Its written word, but within
the limits of its InstltuSnnal meaning.
It we had not done so we would not now
bo a nation.
WOD OF THE CONSTITUTION INAD-
EQUATE.
More and mo • tins will be no. The
growth of modern industry, the gradual
chang' of competition into co-operation,
the manifold and Infinitely interwoven
actlvltb'H of modern business, the steady
knitting together of all the agencies ot
production distribution and exchange
until the whole nation Is well nigh an
industrial unit as it Is a political unit,
th> extension "f this process until Inter-
national relations are so Interlaced tilt
no nation, even by war, can entirely cut
%ht g lden cords u! commerce and culture
that bind her to h- r sisters—the processes
or civilisation, in sho t,-bring into play
national necessities and national powers
Its much greater and more complex than
tho He exercised by the Fathers, as tne
Nation a d it - ictivltles today are great-
er and more complex than they w. re a
century ago. We « an not adopt new Con-
stitutions to meet these conditions. They
would I" inadequate if w did adopt th-in,
and , i.-h decade w odd make tin constitu-
tion of tin- preceding decade obsolete if
its b'tte alone were iv;id. And s we rely-
on a law more permunent and more vital
— he institutional law with It" roots
springing from the very soul of our r co
by whe.se living meaning our written lawn
and const t nitons are lnte.preted. our
he-pe is in ourselves. Our safety is in our
neill ciiatoms and temlenciis. Our sal-
vation ami supremacy In the cnaiacter
of our peoph.
1 jo not n ean that we should bind our-
selves to custom. 1 am onlv a limited be -
ph.
thought out, are no proper test. ihe
habit of mind which leads us to bitter-
ly denounce or unreservedly praise, is
not the temper which a tree people should
foster. For be it -emembered that a
free people must depend upon themselves
and not upon some separate power which
"J. attmpts lo solve every problem for them,
uh is the case In autocracies. We are loud
of saying th.it In a republic each citizen
Is a king;, and therefor*1 the nation Itself
clothed with majesty as no people ever
were arrayed; but only by each citizen
acting as a k'ng should act; thinking as
a king ahould think, .steadily. calmly,
with balanced Judgment and wed con-
sidered action.
The new developments In the combina-
tions of capital call for just such popular
treatment; the Increasing devlopmntH In
th« combinations of labor calls for just
such i e anient We heboid millions of
money which yesterday were acting sep-
arately, today massed In mighty organ-
izations for the production, the trans-
portation, the distribution of national
products. Let us not be alarmea at
their magnitude. Let us not be panlced
at their novelty, it Is not helpful t" slap
on the statute books hasty screeds and
call them laws It will throw no llgnt
upon th*' real question for excited nett-
ings to grow frenzlo over excited appeals
No great problem was ever illuminated
by the torch of am ob; and between the
conflagrations of the Commune and itio
fi.ey talk of agitators, who feel tivy
must carry the election at any cost, there
s little difference. Both may be usolul
In revolution; both may be useful in tho
bloody overthrow of tyranny; but neither
are the method of a fre«- people, wno hold
their own destiny In their own hands.
WORK OF THE TRUSTS.
It is apparent to the shallowest ol
"rh^Ilav"of'tlie'"local"Wall devised." Mills, factories, railroads, .arms
street ^l^ajjstjs^passed. Jhe hour when and mm^ Kiel
the
ertam
combl
the pro
mdest.
Hal ret
lho I
Hever in the
Precedent I■•••
when custom*
* onset • ■ nsi
to existing on
1st in): oraer
adaption of m
without vioo
stone of • is'
w e must fosti
Ism in Anierit
fan the spark
vital s ark
write ovfr i!i
can home ill
tlon Prove
which la k 1 ii
ace.irsry and
paralysis, I
longer fit
Conservatism n
ns to ends nal'i
!-. eason is ti
,-atlsm. And so
the element of i
cte
mdition
e would
Itself, for it is that
Ame.ican peop.e
oi ev< ry Ameri-
of lnap red dli •c-
h- Id ii.st to that
- the gf-at rei--
eternal method of
peri
uitions >f cap
developed are based upon .v
fundamental principles of progress ii I
iM equiAly imia ent and < en iin thai In '
tho.r development, evils and crudities |
have attended thehi. Hut this is true of i
everything. ll is even true of the de- j
velopmcnt of a child into a boy ami of j
a boy into a man; and constant car. is
exercised In the care of the training of
an Infant mind and character Maturity i
is a ha."d process and slow, but it s a |
simple process. I>'t as simple a pro< \ss
be exercised In the new development of
our si clal economy. Ah violent« ami hot i
worda and stormy conduct spoil the vi-
sion of a par-mi; so will the same savage
method spoil the vision and make tom-
ihb the action of the people in the reg-
ulation of the development of capital and
labor. The great combination of e.ip.tal
devoted to the production of steel or
flour or meats or oil, systemitlze th- in-
dustry, reduce the expense of production,
simplify and make easy distribution. In-
vade and conquer foreign markets. Tn.
organisation of wealth devoted to * lie
preparation of meats and other food stuff
ho'I their p oduets abroad as well as here
i Their vast resources enable them t. put
I refrigerator ships upon the sea and fur-
nish tin breakfast tables of London and
Berlin. An«l to supply that forel«.i de-
I mand the fa.-mers of Illinois, Dakota and
' Kansas are called upon for cattle il
profitable prices which, otherwls. they
. could not sell at all So we see that this
golden shuttle of modern enterprise
shooting backward and forward, not o iy
I through on own land, but across the
i sras and Into Kuropo and Asia. too.
. weaves occupation and prosperity lor our
citizens In its ministry to the wants u
I our fellow men abroad. The same Is ti u ••
I of other Illustrations of this develop-
ment. The dtgge.s of Iron and coal, tat
folders of steel, the workers in faclores
, of cotton and wool are kept employ .<i
, by the wrestling of the markets of the
world < nt of the hands of our national
competitors.
I Th-se are a few of the ben« fits viable
On th other hand the a bltrary
and lowering of prices, the un-
action of uir.air pi its iron n
the wizard of tricks sat In his office and
considered tnat the world of money was
compassed by his eye-sight, was struca
yesterday and that hour is no more for-
ever 1 oday the capitalist can no longer
Indulge In the legerdemain of mere stock
speculation. He must build mach.nory;
he must erect mills, he must construct
railroads; he must buy Bteamshlp lines.
Therefore he must understand the people.
The financial rashness of the black Fri-
days of our history was as much a man-
ifestation of our undisciplined and capri-
cious mode of undcvelopinent as whs the
burning of railroad properties at l'itts-
burg in the red days now almost forgot-
ten.
CONSIDER THE PEOPLE.
And so we see capitalists have got to
understand that the opinion of the people
Is as oelinile a factor In their great plans
as the quantity of eon I remaining In tne
mine or the pioducing capac.ty of a mill.
As much a i actor. Yes. Infinitely more
of a factor, or, after all. it is the con-
sumng ami producing capacity of the peo-
ple upon which all industries are built. It
is the thought it ml settled resoive ot the
people which is the most Important ele-
ment in the mosaic of our national econ-
omy. Thus have the constructive capi-
talists of America come to unde stand
that public opinion must be taken Into
account as much as the amount of cash
on hand or bills receivable. They have
been forced to this, let us say, or they
have learned it. No matter, they have
come to understand it, and so we see that
voluntarily the greatest corporation of
the wo.id has published to all tht people
a statement of Its business and its oper-
ations. of its assets and Its liabilities, of
Its products and its sales, of its lilsto.-y
and its prospects. That is the thing
which the Unaneler of ten years ago
would have culled chimerical, foolish, the
unwise pandering of the theorist to the
curiosity of the crowd. But the financier
of the twentieth century no longer calls
It so. lie knows It Is not so. lie knows
that It Is a necessity of his business- a
tiling essential to the popular support of
his enterprise. Anothtr great corporation
of Illinois whose managing mind appears
to be a statesman as well as a financier,
began some three or foil.' years ago to
distribute the stock of his railroad among
Its employes, and to sell shares at low si
i i ins to the people living along its line.
Ten years ago that would have been can-
ed socialism—today it is business. It is
conservatism. It Is the realization ot
things as they are and the adjustment
of the measures of wlodom and humanity
to existing conditions, In order that the
best of existing conditions may he pre-
i served, and from them still better < n-
I ditlons may be evolved All this Is sanity .
! all this Is calf and gentle and consiederate
1 thought; all this Is the beginning of that
discipline which comes from self-restraint
and the respect for the rights and opin-
ions of our fellows.
LABOR TRUSTS.
Organizations of labo are cognate to
the organizations of capital. Each Is the
outgrowth of that principle or co-opera-
tion which is the very s pirlt of civilized
society The family In co-operation, a
partnership is co-operation; the slmpiest
form of a state Is co-operation; and as
the state g.-ows more perfect. Its citizens
more and more co-opt rate each with all
and all with each. Neither labor organi-
zations. therefore, nor those of capital are
unnatural or harmful. Hut the ty anny
of greed may pervert the one; the tyran-
nv of passion ina\ ruin the other "'on-
aide rate moderation Is the safety of both,
and it each were to adopt it. it would
be their glo.y as well. And if capital
will not be reasonable, if labor w 11 not
be reasonable, the people will be reason-
able for thflhi. There Is no place in this
country for the absolutist of capital
There is no place in this country for the
absolutist of not The bully of went a
shaking his clenched ll t of goia.
wealth's worst enemy. The bully of lai""'
shouting denunciation, is labor's worst
enemy, l-et the wiser laborer elbow from
bis company, him of the flaming uttei-
ance and untruthful tongue. Let tin*
wiser capitalists suppress their would-be
cr.ars. Out with the element of unreason
In both t amps, and the divided hosts will
be one' (mt with unreason everywhere th
tin republic! Let the spirit of NX •
the practical still presides.
China cursed with custom, drugged and
dead with precedent. We are Americans
—the people of the aproprhiie ami the
adaptable.
NO ABANDONMENT.
The treatment of our dependencies is
th- world issue now confronting us. Ix*t
us then plant ourselves on the funda-
mental certainties. And the rtrst of these
certalnities is that not one single foot
of soil over which American civil author-
ity Is established will ever be abandoned
'What we have, we hold! th.s is the
voice of our race. People of our blood
never leave land they have occupied N •
master people ever yields while tney re-
mal na master people. Emerson declare**
that when the powe s of a man d'-dsne h.
draws in his enterprise; he <pii'e b mbiess.
he prepares for tn® i• > • *.t • • i • end. 1
same is true of a people. But the Ameri-
can people are not ready to g<> out
accomplishes real things, the steady i
Ity essential to the sett'ement of actual
situations—these are the counsedore
wh.ch now and henceforth the American
f.« opie will consult Neither paasl.i. nor
fear, neither taieo^T nor precedent, neith-
er imagination nor Impulse, shall coriupt
In th*- American character that orderly
auaptoblllty w hich has been the very soul
of Ame.ican progress. Arid before tnese
influences of light every cloud that I f ar
discerns on our horlzoai Wiss dissolve;
every impassable ocean which imagina-
tion "sees in our pathway w' be aufeiy
„ j crossed; every foe which foresight «je-
buslness. The American people are hon,is in the distance will be vanquished,
stronger for the world's work now than , un^ flag which Washington unfurled
any people ever were before. And our j W1jj tioat over ever-broadening horizons
portion of the world s work, which des- brightening every hour with Increasing
tlvc
over all the busy genius of Invention
brooded making one hand do that which
thousands tolled to do before, fertilizing
Holds, abbervlating space, extracting gold
from hopeless rocks, discovering wealth
and human u ses In the very refuse of a
cruder day. And so It came to pass that
our home market is supplied and the
overflowing surplus threatens to choke
the very machinery that produces It un-
less we find a place, to sell that surplus.
And so It la that today progress speaks
a new word of economic truth as need-
ful now as was the old word then. As
the "home market" was the word of wis-
dom in its season, so "foreign markets"
Is the word of wisdom now.
We have more coal, more Iron, more
skill in workmanship, more ability and
experience In organizing capital for pro-
ductive uses than any other portion ot
the globe—almost more than all of the
res of the world combined. Ann Po we
sell abroad our girders, beams and plates
of steel, and the many forms Into which
wealth and work and genius have fash-
ioned the useful metals. We must sell
them abroad. Otherwise idle over his ac-
cumulated products, will sit the laborer;
lifeless will be the trobbing mill; deserted
the p roducing mine; chained to the rot-
ting docks the ships of export. And this
Is true of the fftirics of cotton and ot
wool; true of meats, ll nir, and all the
stuffs that feed and clothe the human
race. For other nations have factories
too. Other nations spin and weave, and
plant and sow and reap They will no*
aiwavs permit us to supply their citi-
zens Tin words "home market."' which
yesterday was our talisman, tomorrow
will be theirs, and for the same reason
that it was once ours. Conditions have
turned "the tables; and where yesterday
we asked protection from them, today
they are demanding protection from us.
They will erect tariff walls against us
awe onn erected tariff walls against
them. Where, then, shall we turn with
• •in- ships of merchandise'.' What, then,
will be the destination of our weighted
trains of freight? Not t<> ourselves, for
•wo are already supplied, and It is our
surplus that fills those ships and burden
those countless cars of commerce. We
cannot turn entirely to the orient, for
that market Is not yet sufficiently un-
derstood, although It will be. It is not
yet sufficiently exploited, although it will
be. It Is not yet our monopoly, although
It will be. And when the oriental market
is opened In Its fullness and monopolized
bv us. It will be our commercial and
financial salvation.
RECIPROCITY.
But that is a question for tomorrow.
; We must consider the requirements of
today. We must turn to "the instant
need of things.' We must ntnke those
al self-government, the sovereignty or
the state, the Independence of the com-
munity. required that the national gov-
ernment! should not better local condi-
tions. lr a river was non-navigable at a
point within a state th ough wnieh it
ran, it was not the mission of the general
government to dredge It. Its care wa§ in
the keeping of the people who lived upon
its banks. Local self-govertiment, tney
said, was an end and not a means. Rut
progress said that the p rosperity of the
people Is the end. and local self-govern-
meent, general government, o- any other
kind of government nothing bula means.
Progress said. "The log e of strict con-
struction Is built on words; 1 demand
logic but on facts." And so Into the writ-
ten constitution the necessities of nation,
al Intercourse read the power of the gen-
eral government to make internal im-
provt merits. And today th.it power is so
much a matter of course that not one
man In ten thousand knows that that
power was originally denied. Thus It
that the spirit of Amerlc
triumphed even over the kit
constitution. Business is the great ex-
pounder of our fundamental law Con-
ditions construe our Constitution more
completely than ull the lawyers .vho ever
lived. Geography, Invention, exvooraiton,
aro the immortal Interpreters of tht.
great Instrument. Mountains, rivers,
plains and lakes, railways, tele^.-apbs
the planting of new communities, Hie
discovery of new resources, the inter-
change of thought, and products—to
these great naturla and human facts the
spirit of American adaptability has eon-
formed ancient customs, honored tradi-
tions, written constitutions There is no
written power in the constitution for the
national government to charter banks,
hut a man would be considered mad to-
day who denied that power to the na-
tional government. The list of Instances
where the practical genius of the Amerir
can people has adapted their constitution
to their needs Is the most striking cir-
cumstance of our history and the pro-
foundest proof of their vitality. From
ing wisdom of adaptability
adaptability ca
titer of tur h<
tiny has laid upon the younger and the
growing races, Is the duty and laoor of
guardianship. We are the executors of
a trust estate in Porto Rico, in Cuba.
In the Philippines. That trust we w^l
execute as thoroughly as Americans do
everything. And so American govern-
ment In the Philippines will be perma-
nent. The American tlag In Porto Rico
will float there as long as the republic's
government itself shall siand. American
suzerainty over Cuba will remain until
time laces that island more closely to us
with more enduring bonds. Events call
for the conservatism of adaptaolllty. Con-
ditions d< mand the moderation of tne free
hand. The radicalism of ancient methods
has no place among new condition;!. Re-
member the parable of the new wine in
the old bottles. What would We say it
the ancient mariner should stop from his
vessel of wood and sail and Hpars and
ropes onto the bridge of a twentieth cen-
tury ocean liner, and declare that t. o
steam which drove it. the electricity
winch lighted It, the steel plates, tht*
copper bottoms and all tho method of
Hhrn shipbuilding are sacrilege
glories of actual achievement.
BACHELORS
E. F.: Is not bachelorhood more falcu-
lated to further man's productiveness
than matrimony? Can you name soma
celebrated bachelors?
This question has been variously an-
swered. Bacon claims that the best
works and those of greatest merit have
proceeded from the unmarrl d or childless
men. Schopenhauer, who was an out-
spoken woman hater, seems to have
snared the same opinion, for he says
that "for men of higher intellectual puP
suits, for poets, phi.osophers, and m
general, for all those devoted to art ami
science, celibacy is preferable to matri-
mony. ap the yoke of matrimony is ai
Impediment to productiveness." Mooro
expressed a similar thought with regard
to poets. La Bruyere, too, thinks thai ' a
man unattached and without wife, if ho
have any g« nius at all, may raise h.tn-
sclf above his original position and hold
himself on a level with the highest, while
this is less easy for him w ho Is engag d. '
There are, however, others who hold
qu.te a contrary view. Thus, according tu
Johnson, "marriage is the best s«.ate lor
man in general, and every man is a worse
man in proportion as he is unfit for ih«
married state." Richtt. holds that no
man can either live piously or dlo righte-
ous without a wife, and even Voltaire,
though a bachelor himself, adm.ts that
marriage renders a man more and more
wise. Rut this Is. after all, a question
that can be decided only individuady, and
ultimately all depends'upon the klna of a
wife one chances to draw in the matri-
monial lottery. Howev> r th.s be, it can-
not be denied that, ther
nu or in- imwwr. «..u w,e trv. , , of famou fmchOnrs,
• .<!«• 'VV. J™ r, ***?> doubtful If. with a X
mltted by Porto Riean conditions, we will
give the Porto RIeans that because it is
wise. If Cuban conditions require Amer-
ican suzerainty, we will maintain that
because it is wise; if annexation, we will
accomplish that because it is wise; if
utter separation, that shall be done be-
cause it is wise. If facts demand that we
administer government In our fa -east-
ern possessions without the participation
of an incompetent people, 11> 11 govern-
ment we will, ourselves, administer, be-
cause it is wise. We are wedded to no
theory; we are chained to no catch-word;
our free hand Is not fettered bv anv un-
changeable method. If Washington
thought that Christmas day. drunken
llessinus and all the elements of surprise
existed, he crossed the Delaware art! .,t-
t o ked like another Attlla. If he thought
that overwhelming Briiish forces discour-
aged American troops and all the ele-
ments of weakness in his own ranks re-
quired avoidance of conflict, he retreated
like another Fabius.
he had not dine in that way? This
hoary representative of a day that Is
dead would not be considered conserva-
tive. The. board of directors that would
place him in command of a Deutschland
of a Lucanla would not be consideied
conservative. Moderation means the pro-
gress of facts—not the daring ot dreams
on the one hand nor yet the cowardice
reminiscence on the other. And so with
the dependencies of the Amen an repnn
lie. American statesmen must deal as
practical thought directed to actual condi-
tions demanded that they should deal.
They must not deal spasmodically. They
must not deal retrogressive!y. They must
deal practically, steadily. The free hand
must be the steady hand if it is to be i
the hand of the master, and the free hand |
doubtful if. with a Xantippe for
these men could have achieved their glori-
ous work. Take, for instance, A ex.inder
von Humboldt, who, when answered m
ven Humboldt, when asked b va woman
If he had never been In love, answered in
ul sincerity. "My love has always ne. u
ienee!" Could matrimony render
hapr.v such a man? Isaac Newton was a
bachelor. So were also Kant and Lolb-
n.u. The latter s maxim was that one
sh aid deliberate forty years befo. e lak-
ing so important a step an marrying,
and when he had dellbe ated long enough,
she whom he asked for a wife refused
him on the plea that she. too, had ne-
iibfrated the matt r. Rousseau, another
bad.el r-phiio.-opher, had the last years
of his life em hilt > red by the tyranny ot
his housekeeper, who estranged him irom
I. so that she might the more
er sway upon the unfortunate
savant. This was matrimony with a veil-
ice, Indeed! Plato. Spinoza, Nletsche,
•• unmarried. Of bachel ir poets there
ir to us the names of Memander < ! •
142-291), who sings "Hap. y am 1. who
e no wife": furthermore, Petrarch,
Tasso. Dante, Calderon. The three most
ln 1 distinguished painters of all times. Rap-
.V'o1.'" had. Michael Atigele and Leonardo da
i. died unmafrled. Among inus clans
•tion is governed by actual and not
Imaginary conditions.
PATIENCE SSENTIAL.
'But In this great problem of our de-
pendencies, more even than in the sur-
prising developments of our Internal eoon-
„ ■ .y, patience is the woid of power and £or
will not now depart. If Philippine con- j of success. A race cannot be tranatorm-
dltlons require Filipino self-government, j ed over night The methods of three
self-government we will give the Fili- I centuries cannot be remedied between
pinos because it is wise. If legislative | sunrise and sunset. The character of
participation in their government is per
vith our
neighbors among the nations by which
our surplus of American products may o©
taken across ti-.- sea. This Is the states-
manship of common sense. The eye of
Blaine per-eivnl it in the distance, and
too soon announced its principle. The
even more prophetic mind of Grant whose
elemental statesmanship will be better
apprecated a hundred years from now
than It Is today, perceived it even before
Blaine saw it And even if both had
fai ed to grasp its mean'ng. that meaning
.would be unmistakable at this hour. for.
gradually, foreign statesman are el as i g
their markets to us. They will do It more
swiftl \ in the future than they have
In ti ' last .or else they will fall in a'ir
dot! s - their peoples. The mlracu.ms
growth of our export trade Is lis • a n.-,:
and on the other hand our productive-
ness waxes until its magnitude today
^ p oportlons of yesterday
re wonderful. Decreasing
tsing productions this is
It Is not a situation that
icistn In fa\e>r of the dc
v law. It is a s tuatlou
the patient. Intelllg* nt ii-
eans to ends. It Is a situ-
s for mod', ration. It is a
t tils for the councils of
< ut upon the seiiish ln-
ild enrich Itself at the «-x-
rmanent prosperity of Un-
people is not to be altered even by the
school teachers' priceless work in a sea-
son or a year. Let us not be In haste.
Let us have the senility of tho situation.
We are dealing with an elemental prob-
lem, a racial problem, a world question.
We must ad. therefore, with delibera-
tion as large and a patience as steady as
the problem is legerdemain but that of J*'
steady and continuous effort unvarying
and undismayed. There must «««..«
spasms of extravagance, no spasms of K*"!1
retrenchment, no panic of retreat, no _
fury of advance. Let us not pine for ptc
the fruit before the seed Is planted, or
even the ground prepared.
.-'o. fellow citizens. We wil! Ol
spirit and methtW of Wash - tor
tieally. steadily, calmly, without preju-
dice and without fear. Whatever the fu-
ture may hold for the American people
In Internal development or foreign domin-
ion. that future will be met with .
thoughful moderation which adapts
means to ends. If old methods suffice.
That ih the Ameri- : those old methods we will use beeam •
Reetho
bachelors are ran r; still. w«
our list two prominent name
ami Lrahms, who never knew the yoke of
matrimony. Even among the siatesnv. n
are found many who despised matrimony.
Rlrhelieu. and! in modern times. Gam-
betta and Caprlvi ate instances
THEODORE ROOSEVELT JR.
WHO IS RECOVERING FAST
makes little
whh h then
markets. In
the Situate :
calls for fa
Justine nt
alio
Ingto
of the he.i
md
i>ath tne
tlag which Washington established.
I.ABOR I KADERS.
As the twentieth century financier must
be a statesman, so the twentieth century
labor leader must be a statesman, too.
He. too, must consider the people s
thought 11'. too. must measure popular
tendencies, lb. too. must counsel no act
without weighing the effect thnt act will
have throughout the whole complicated
machinery of related and Interdependent
Industries And such statesmanship is
being evolved. A man cannot long re-
main the head of one of the great armies
of organized workers without developing
powers of conservatism. Necessity
t a bes him the value of nvnl
the
vest mi nt
So shall
ization. w!
prophetic
the pa
his hand
the le
that eli I
the m<
stralnt The
P'
bun-
. his awful rrsopn-
tn the value of self,
ts of the last two
that
Fp
dard of moderation and let
■ f American conservatism
It' Ho shall employment
v lit on labor So shall in-
tinue to plead with capital
marvelous American dvi-
far meaning even the most
d cannot grasp today, < 'li-
ve out of the play "f our
tiered activities
:EI(3K POSSESSIONS
isdom high r thin our own
s into the markets of tin
nay say that It was the v -
s You may say it was tin
springs from the wealth
es and the ingenuity of our
he skill Of our lingers I
eve and d° believe that it
wisdom still, tin univcr.'il
ie Father. And It was His
that placed In our guardlan-
• pIob and allen races Vou
it it Is a blunder that did
not quarrel with you. ton
it it was a conjutu"
onsu
are
the two
create
labo
It
il
argu
the
tiona seem n-
Be wart nt ..tane>u; proc <-ji
HOT-HOi .-h LAWS.
If here can he no instantaneous settle-
(pPnt of any la ge qu ,-t To n.y tint
th"re could be is to > ,y i nit ei\ii /a lon
itseli could be completed by piecemeal.
But that Is not the method of civiliza-
tion's progress. Society is a growth—
not a ewitlon And all social. Industrial
4nd pollttoal questions in related as the
benefits a.e fundamental and the vns
incidental And you c-unnot shear away
11m gixnl from the bad by some m a sure
e\ ol. e<| over night from an excited bral.i
and adopted next day as a party meas-
ure to carry an elect on the flay after.
The whole field of national and even In-
ternational Industry and trade raust t>e
consid'-red. When you reflect tnat you
cannot de the slmpl«*t thing without In-
volving every activity of Industrial civ-
orga
<i!ors. Their
••r nIII Increase More and m- re the
•zatlons of labor will -nsist that
their i-adcrs shall i> men of thought,
slow to wrath, steads In action. More
and more, they will c omo to appreciate
that a leader s none the less loyal be-
cause he Is Wise
, How majestic Is the majesty of moder-
ation'
I TARRIF RE-ADJI "ST ME NT.
These are ihe a^gresHlvr tendencies ut
compelllnf
the fact « v -us and the duty Is ou
It drcunisi'ince. call it events, call it
b'uruhr. or call it the decree of destiny
our
vards
and
vlll |
not betrav it All will admit that It' we
could sue, ,.,i I,, discharging this trust
so that th.se dependent peoples would t . i
happier, our nation better and th civi-
lization o! the world thereby advanced, it ]
would I" i noble conclusion for which
the most doubtful heart might yearn All
this we may accomplish. All tilts we will
ihan tin
rltlcal stair
of th
will i
Tho Illness of no foreign Prince c
velt's eldest son Theodore has elh ted fi
prayers of the whole eiuntiy went up l
throughout ihe land with de. un eraiitud.
President rooss-
erious illness, tht
rapidly uuder tender
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Greer, Frank H. The Oklahoma State Capital. (Guthrie, Okla.), Vol. 13, No. 259, Ed. 2 Sunday, February 23, 1902, newspaper, February 23, 1902; Guthrie, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc124642/m1/2/?rotate=90: accessed April 25, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.