The Tulsa Chief. (Tulsa, Okla.), Vol. 10, No. 28, Ed. 1 Friday, September 30, 1910 Page: 3 of 8
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J5y A[ ff. Da&TON, UXOeo/o^/ai/St/nry
HE southwestern sectiou of the
■ United States is a province
■ _ that presents many si>ecial
*\ I jr chara<teristics of physiogra
Jj ■ V phy, climate, resources and
UWV I JyfiP t‘al,a*,llitieH which ure not as
I (iff)/ w’ell known as they deserve to
be. Tlie term ••southwest” is
usually applied to New Mexico.
Arizona and southern Callfor
nia, an area of about the size
of New England, New York, Pennsylvania.
Maryland and the Virginias. Much public at
lentlou has of late been attracted to Arizona
and New Mexico in connection with their ad
mission to statehood, and one gratifying result
of tills haSj been a greatly increased interest
in their resources and conditions.
Excluding the populous and thrifty coast
region of southern California, the southwest is
the most thinly populated and least developed
portion of the country south of Alaskn. As
this condition is due mainly to a climate so
arid that but little can be raised without irri-
gation, Its future development is to be umas
ured by the utilization of the vast volume of
flood waters now going to waste. This water
can be applied to millions of acres of level
"lands with rich soil, which with the unending
sunshine of its mild cli
7/a.vajo
Gf/imfr
APkoirn
_ of
tkOSlOff
mate will respond with
large and profitable
urops.
Unfortunately, there
ts not enough water
for all the land, but
there is sufficient, if
ail were utilized, to
support a population
many limes as large
•a the present one. The
government is now
spending $12,000,000 in
reclamation projects in
4 Arizona and New Mex-
ico which supply water
for nearly one-half mil-
lion acres of fertile
'•tnds. This will give
went Impetus to devel-
--opuient, and In time,
when settlers take up
'ho reclaimed land,
there will be a large
Increase in its agricul-
tural productions.
In the great coast
tegion of southern Cal-
ifornia, with a popula
"on of nearly 600,000,
'he principal product
Is the orange and oth-
r fruits, with a value
"f about $20,000,000 a
l'nduBtp'iJ1?f ,Ln ,he inlan,i districts the mining
tlonn ,fle largest source of revenue. Por-
e southwest are richly productive of
ni nera*8’ notably those of copper, and
y southern California has become a
avy producer of petroleum. The value of
« copper, oil ami other products of the
ground aggregates about $75,000,000 a year.
It Is probable that further exploration will
disclose large additional supplies of ores of
various kinds, especially those of low grade.
*hlch will prove profitable under improved
methods of reduction.
The southwest presents a variety of topo-
graphic features, and many of its economic
resources are closely ielated to them. There
lH great range in altitude, with corresponding
variation in climatic conditions. One of the
most salient features Is the wide, high plateau
'f northern Arizona, which readies an alti-
tude of ft.000 feet. It is surmounted by vari-
ous volcanic peaks, notably San Francisco
peak, which is 12,611 feet above sea level.
To the east this district merges into an
Irregular series of high plateaus, constituting
the western half of New Mexico.
To the west and south it drops by huge
steps Into the great region of desert valleys
w bolsoms of Nevada, western Arizona, and
southeastern California. These deserts are
*ddet long plains, lying between mountain
"dges of varying lengths and height?, ridges
vthlch are all very rocky and mostly treeless
*nrf trend north and south.
Diagonally across southern California there
extends the long curving ridge of the Sierra
Madre and San Bernardino mountains, be-
tween which and the ocean lies the large oval
xrea known as the valley of southern Califor
nl*- This valley Is the greut citrus fruit dls-
trlct. and Los Angeles,
There are two great rivers in the south-
west, the Colorado and the Rio Grande. The
Colorado river has been compared to the Nile
»nd the similarity Is notable. Both are
streams of the first rank, rising in high moun-
tains, and finally crossing a broad region of
semi-tropical, nearly rainless deserts. Both
empty Into seas in nearly the same latitude,
and their lower courses are through wide del-
'»» of fertile soil. The annual overflows add
n«w sediments fertile with plant food and at
a time favorable for the crops.
The agricultural capabilities are closely
ximilar, but while much of the lower Nile val-
Is utilized the Colorado valley is Just be-
ginning to be settled. The watershed area of
'he Colorado, with Its two head branches, the
•ireen and the Grand, Is over 200,000 square
'idles. Its course 2,000 miles in length, and its
yltnual discharge is 11,000.000 acre-feet, or
^vamugh to cover that number of acres one foot
deep.
The sediment which It carries each year
*»U» the gulf is estimated to be sufficient to
«over S3 square miles one foot deep. For 200
■flea of Ita course across tho high plateau of
Borthcaatern Arizona tt cuta the wonderful
canyon, which la places Is nearly a
AFTER
SUFFERING
FOR YEARS
Cured by Lydia E. Pink*
ham’sVegetableCompound
I*arlt Rapids, Minn —"I was sick for
about 1,000 feet wide and 600 deep,
with an Irregular encircling rim of
loose rock fragments irotn 120 to 160
feet high.
The petrified forests attract many
visitors, especially the most acces
sible one south of Adainana, a station
on tlie Santa Fe railroad a few miles
east of Holbrook. There Is a large
quantity of the material in sight here,
some of it in large logs. One of these
logs spans a small draw ah a natural
bridge.
Arizona possesses a very pletnr
esque natural bridge of limestone
spanning Tine creek, In Glia county.
** •
ll-V *
> v £
GEANB GaHYO/T OF TUB Golojsabo
T/EAR T/IE tfANCE TRAIL
Gfeoo/ZEZ> GGEZK.
J,OXgVaUBY, 6'AliroKfTEA
Gitpmirzi of Ehb Gamyon
/iCRTHEAJTSSJC /UilZaHAr*
ert ridges, final-
ly passing out
into the wide del-
ta plain extend-
ing to Its mouth.
The Rio Gran-
de is a large
river rising in
the mountains of
Colorado, trav-
ersing New Mex-
ico from north to
south, and finally
constituting the
boundary line be-
tween Texas and
Mexico.
The definition
of a desert given
by the dlctlona-
rles, "a dry, .
sandy^ region without vegetation or Inhabi-
tants, is defective, and the idea that it is nec-
essarily flat is erroneous. Most portions of
tlie average desert bear an extensive, though
somewhat widely spaced, flora. Many desert
regions contain numerous settlements, the Sa-
hara desprt for instance having a population
of 2,500,000. Ix)ose sand is a minor feature,
and much more prevalent on the seacoasts and
along the bottom lands of rivers. There are
wide areas of bare rocks, and the larger des-
erts Include mountains, ridges, mesas and deep
canyons.
The deserts of tlie southwest are regions
of very scanty rainfall, parts of them having
only three inches a year and evaporation of
eighty inches or more.
This canyon is the mile-deep gorge cut by
the Colorado river across the high plateau of
northern Arizona. The view from the rim
reveals the most stupendous panorama Imag
inable, for one seeH into an area of about 600
square miles filled with an endless variety of
most rugged topographic forms of many beau-
tiful colors. On the sky-line, ten to fifteen
miles away, is the edge of a wide-reaching pla-
teau, and In tho middle ground of the picture
flows the Colorado river, nearly a mile below
one's feet.
The features are so gigantic and so plainly
In view that all sense of scale is lost, and it Is
not until one has been down to the bottom of
the canyon at the river level that any adequate
sense of proportion can bo gained.
The canyon was discovered by Cardenas,
who went to its edge in 15$0 on a branch trip
from Coronado's expedition, on Information ob-
tained by Tovar from tho Hopl Indians. The
original name given to the river was Tlson,
Spanish for firebrand, and it Is to be regretted
that the name has not been retained to avoid
the present confusion due to the river having
the same name as the state.
Coon butte, another of the greatest wonders
In our country, la also situated In the south-
west, but owing to Us distance from the rail-
road it Is seldom visited. U Is a great crater-
70 miles south of
Flagstaff. It does
not, however ri-
val the great
bridges recently
discovered I n
Utah. Its span
is 80 feet, its
'height about 125
feet, and Its
length up and
down the creek
ts over 400 feet.
Canyon da
Chelly is one of
the most notable
scenic features In
Arizona, but it Is
so far off the
main line of trav-
el that it is rare-
ly visited. It Is
cut deeply into
soft sandstones,
which rise in ver
tlcal walls, with
many outlying
pinnacles and monuments. Some of these fea
tures appear also in the great wall 0 1 ‘
sandstone on the north side of the wide <
pression through which the Santo Fe rallroai
crosses the continental divide east of Gallup.
One of the most remarkable pinnacles of this
wail is fancifully termed tho Navajo Church.
Few persons who travel across tlie south-
west realize that in Arizona and New Mexico
there are enormous forests of valuable timber
and that the lumbering is an Important Indus-
try. in. both territories there are several large
forest reservations, and one of these in Ari-
zona, the Coconino forest, with nearly 6,000
square miles, is the largest single reserve In
the United States. The total forest area re-
served in Arizona is 15,250,110 acres, or more
than 24,000 square miles, and in New Mexico
there are 10,971,711 acres, or more than 17,000
square miles. Southern California also lias
several large reserves.
The Coconino forest in Arizona occupies
part of the great plateau in which the Grand
Cun.von is cut, and extends to the brink of thu
canyon.
The visitor to the southwest usually takes
keen interest In the Indians, who are numer-
ous not only along the main lines of travel,
but in many remote villages. Home tribes,
notnbty tho Apaches, who coutinued to be
troublesome until a relatively recent date,
have become famous for the misdeeds that rim
terlallv retarded the development of Arizona
and western New Mexico. Now, however,- all
Is peace and tranquillity. The newspapers, es-
pecially eastern ones, occasionally print ac-
counts of uprisings, but these prove to be local
quarrels with a few Individuals.
The Indians of the southwest are of two
kinds, differing greatly In most of their char-
acteristics. Ono Is the nomad type, represent
ed by the ApacheB, Navnjos, the Yumas, Pa-
pagoeB and Pimas, and smaller tribes; the
other Is the pueblo type, which is comprised
of 2C pueblos, or villages, scattered through
central and western New Mexico, and la the
Hopl reserve, la northwestern Arizona.
permanent and mostly very ancient, and their
religious ceremonies are extremely elaborate
and picturesque. They live in villages of sev-
eral hundred Inhabitants, In substantial stone
or adobe bouses, some of which are In groups,
rising in tiers to a height of four or five sto-
ries, with streets and central plaza. They are
peaceful and industrious, raising crops largely
by Irrigation. They have herds of cattle and
sheep, and spinning, weaving and making
•heir garments is one of their Important occu-
pations.
Work appears evenly divided between men
and woman in tlie queblos. The men do tlie
farming, tend to tlie cattle ami sheep, do tho
hunting, build tlie houses, and have many
smnllcr trudos and
occupations. The
women do the house-
work, grind the
corn, make pottery,
blankets and
clothes.
The visitor is
generally Impressed
l) y t li e pueblo
people and pleased
with tlie agreeable
home life and Hlrn-
plo h o s p 11 a 111 y
which they readily
offer.
The interesting
features of tho
southwest, notably
the beauty of the
coast region ami tho
special climatic ad-
vantages, draw a
large number of
tourists and health-
seekers, especially
in winter, and every
jear secs a substan-
tial increase In the
influx of visitors.
Because of its
dry air and mild climate the southwest lias be-
come famous as a health resort, especially for
those having tuberculosis of the respiratory or-
gans. The percentage of cures made in New
Mexico, Arizona und California, great as It Is.
would be much greater if a larger proportion of
those who are seeking health cafne in time. It is
necessary to come before tho vitality is too
greatly diminished and then to live under
favorable conditions, the most essential of
which is to be out of doors as much as pos-
sible.
Many health-seekers spend most of their
money in railroad fare to reach tlie desired
resorts. Physicians do a great wrong to pa-
tients In sending them so far from home,
friends and care without means to provide
suitable quarters, nourishment and attention
to sustain them while making their flght
against death.
Tlie climate of the southwest presents con-
siderable variety, but in all (he lower lands
the winters are delightfully mild, and every-
where blue sky is In evidence for more than
300 days in the year. The summers ure
warm; In the southern desert area they are
decidedly hot for several months, hut the dry
iiir even then is much more endurable than
the sultr.v summer weather of the eastern and
central states. Sunstroke Is unknown, and
laborers continue their work without distress.
The valley of southern California Is pro-
tected from the cold northern winds of winter
hy high mountain ranges, while to tho south
It Is open to the Pacific. Owing t» the pecu-
liar configuration of the coast the cold Cali-
fornia current from the north Is deflected west
near Point Conception, and hence the south
ern California shores have waters warmer by
about ten degrees than those to the north
This beneficent climate Is responsible for
he gian ndustry „f frult growlnf? which „„
made California famous over the globe. Cali-
fornia furnishes the major part of the verv
large amount of oranges and other citrus
fruits consumed in the United States, and
this business lias been the potent cause In the
development of southern California.
The orange and other citrus fruits of
southern California have an output of about
K0.000 carlim.l. „
more than $13,000,000. I
East of the mountains In southern Callfor-
nla is an extensive desert country, ,u,ich of
it without water, but large areas can be
reached by ditches from the Colorado river
Ihe most notable district of the sort of in the
ballon desert, near the Mexican boundary. A
ew years ago this was a lonely and forbid
ding region, but now, hy aid of Irrigation fro
•he ‘’oiorado river, it has
settlements, with 100.000 people and 200 noS
acres of cultivated land. That portion of It
known as Imperial valley has the greatest
development, and with rich soli and semi crop-
cal climate phenomenal results have been ob-
tained when wuter is applied.
One of the best known products of this
region Is the caiiteloupe. of which the annual
shipments are over 1.800 cars, bringing nearl*
a million dollars This valley contains
400,000 acres of land, and Just across the Mex-
ican line are 200,000 more. **
The great oil fields of Cattforntq are
ds
years while passing
through the Change
of Lifo and was
hardly able to bo
around. After tak-
ing six bottles of
Lydia E. l’inkham's
Vegetable Com-
pound 1 gained so
pounds, am now
able to do my own
work and feel
well.”—Mrs. Ed.
___La Lou, Park Itap-
Minn.
llrookville, Ohio.—“I was irregular
and extremely nervous. A neighbor
| recommended Lydia E. Pinkiiam’s
i Vegetable Compound to me and 1 have
j become regular and my nerves are
i much hotter. Mrs. it. KurausoN,
Lrookvillo, Ohio.
Lydia E. Pink hum’s Vegetable Com-
pound, made from native roots and
herbs, contains no narcotic or harm-
ful drugs, and to-day holds the record
for the largest number of actunl cures
of female diseases we know of, and
thousands of voluntary testimonials
are on tile in the Pinkham laboratory
at Lynn, Mass., from women who bars
been cured from almost every form of
female complaints, inflammation, ul-
ceration,displacements, fibroid tumors,
irregularities, periodic pains,backache,
indigestion and nervous prostration.
Every suffering woman owes it to her-
self to give Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vege-
table Compound a trial.
If you want special advice write
Mrs. Plnkliain, Lynn, Mass., for it.
It is free uud ulways lielpfuL
FREE
fr
ig1
!§j
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Sick Cows
are often dosed with salts,
which open up their bowels
but result in constipation
an after-effect
BLACK-DRAUGHT
STOCK 6 POULTRY
A MEDICINE
f ads much better, has no bad
after-effects and regulates
the liver and stomach as well
as tlie bowels. It cures.
Ask your dealer.
25c. 50c. and $1. Per Can.
PCI
Constipation
Vanishes Forever
Prompt Relief-Permanent Cure
CARTER’S LITTLE
LIVER PILLS new
fail. Purely veget-
able—act n
bul geniijr c
tbe liver.
Stop litre
dinner
riittreo
cure indi-
geation— in prove lb* complexion — brighlea
Uw eyes. SaaD PiO, Saall Dos*, Sreall Fries)
Genuine mu*beet Signature
.-U.
7“> _ 1 olthi* paper do-
Readers
tiled io.il> column! should ianZ upon
having what they oik lot, refining oil'
•ubdbtuie* of iautnbocu.
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Burkhart, Richard W. The Tulsa Chief. (Tulsa, Okla.), Vol. 10, No. 28, Ed. 1 Friday, September 30, 1910, newspaper, September 30, 1910; Tulsa, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc1173434/m1/3/: accessed April 19, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.