STORY OF FANS
I
Battle of Gettysburg Which
Brought Credit to Both
Blue and Gray.
TURNING POINT OF CONFLICT
Total Losses on Both Sides In Three
Days' Fighting Over 50,000—Sev-
eral Generals Killed and
Wounded.
By EDWARD B. CLARK.
WASHINGTON.—It is possi
ble, some people would say
probable, that the Battle of
Gettysburg changed utterly
the course of American his-
tory. It was a great fight betweoi
armies of Americans, for probably
fully ninety per cent, of the men who
fought on the two sides were born
natives to tha American soil. The
bravery shown at Gettysburg was of
the order which Americans have
shown on every field and which re-
flects credit upon the hardy and
heroic anceBtry of the men engaged,
110 matter from what race they may
have sprung.
At Gettysburg there was nothing to
choose between the valor of the North
and the South. The South lost the
fight, but it lost it honorably and
with the prestige of its soldiery un-
dimmed. The charges made on that
field have gone down into history as
assaults made under conditions which
every man felt might mean death at
the end. The defenses made at Gettys-
burg were of the kind which it takes
Iron in the blood to make perfect. At
Gettysburg Northerners and South
erners replenished their store of re-
spect for their antagonists. The bat-
tle marked the high tide of the war
between the Btates. After it the
South largely was on the defensive,
but its defense was maintained with
fortitude and in the face of privations
which could not chill the blood of
men fighting for what they thought
was the right.
The Northern armies were persis-
tent in their attacks through the cam-
paigns which after a few months were
started aginst the objective point,
Richmond. Brave men here and brave
men there, and after the end came it
was the qualities which keep com
pany with bravery which made the
soldiers of the North and South so
ready to forget and to forgive and to
work again for the good of a com-
mon country.
The great battle of Chancellorsville
was fought not long before the oppos-
ing Union and Confederate forces met
on the field of Gettysburg. Chancel-
lorsville was a Confederate victory.
The Southern government believed
that the victory should be followed up
by an invasion of the North for, ac-
cording to its reasoning, if an import-
ant engagement could be won upon
land from Invasion, a condition which
military men say always adds a sub-
tle something to the fighting quality
which is in any man. Some authori-
ties have said that there were 100,000
men In the Confederate forces at Get-
tysburg to be confronted by 90,000
Union troops. Another authority says
that the Confederate force was 84,000
and the Union force 80,000. As it was
the armies were pretty nearly equally
divided in strength.
In June, 1863, General Robert E
Lee began to move northward. Lee
concentrated his army at Winchester,
Va„ and then started for the Potomac
river, which he crossed to reach the
state of Maryland. He fully expected
to be followed by General Hooker's
army and so General Stuart with a
large force of cavalry was ordered by
Lee to keep in front of Hooker's army
and to check his pursuit of the Con-
federates if it was attempted.
Late in June the Confederate force
reached Hagerstown, in the state of
Maryland. It was General Lee's In
tention to strike Harrisburg, Pa.,
which was a great railroad center
and a city where Union armies were
recruited and from which all kinds of
supplies were sent out to the soldiers
in the field. While the Southern com-
mander was on his way with a large
part of his force to the Pennsylvania
capital another part of his command
r~
1
SPSSB
Gen. Robert E. Lee.
Maj. Gen. George G. Meade.
Northern Boll the chances of foreign
Intervention or at least foreign aid to
the Southern cause, would be forth-
coming.
General Robert E. Lee late in the
spring of 1863, made his preparations
to conduct his campaign Northward
Into the state of Pennsylvania. He
had under his command three corps,
General James Longstreet command-
ing the First, General Richard S.
Ewell commanding the Second, and
General A. P. Hill commanding the
Third. In the Union army which aft-
erward confronted Lee at Gettysburg,
there were seven corps, but the num-
ber of men in each was much less
than that in a Confederate corps, the
military composition of each being
different. The Union corps comman-
ders who under Meade were at Get-
tysburg, were Generals John F. Rey-
nolds, W. S. Hancock, Daniel E.
Sickles, George Sykes. John Sedgwick,
O. O. Howard and H. \V. Slocum.
Forces Almost Evenly Matched.
It never has been determined be-
yond the point of all dispute just how
many men were engaged on each side
in the battle of Gettysburg. It is
known that the armies were very
nearly equal in strength, the proba-
bilities being that the Confederate
force was a few thousand men strong-
er than the Union forte, a difference
which was balanced perhaps by the
fact that the Union armies at Gettys
burg were fighting lt\ defense of their
was ordered to make its way into the
Susquehanna Valley through the town
of Gettysburg and then to turn in its
course after destroying railroads and
gathering in supplies, and to meet the
Confederate commander with the main
army at Harrisburg.
It was General Jubal A. Early of
General Lee's command, who reached
Gettysburg after a long hard march
on June 26. From there he went to
the town of York and from thence to
Wrightsville. At this place he was
ordered by General Lee to retrace his
steps and to bring his detachment
back to a camp near Gettysburg.
When Early ahd obeyed Lee's order
and had reached a point near Gettys-
burg he fdund the entire Southern
force was camped within easy strik-
ing distance of the now historic town.
In the meantime things were hap-
pening elsewhere. General Hooker
in command of the Union army which
had been depleted at Chancellorsville.
had succeeded in out-maneuvering
General Stuart in command of Lee's
cavalry, had got around Stuart's com-
mand in a way to prevent the South-
ern general from forming a junction
with the forces of his chief comman-
der. Lee gave over the proposed
movement on Harrisburg when he
heard of Hooker's approach and
brought the different parts of his
army together.
Four days before the Gettysburg
fight began General Hooker resigned
as commander of the Union army.
Hooker and General Hallock dis-
agreed upon a matter concerning
which strategists today say that Gen-
eral Hooker was right. Three days
before the battle began, that is. June
28, 1863, General George Gordan
Meade was named as General Hook-
er's successor in charge of the North-
ern army. General Meade at once
went into the field and established
his headquarters at a point ten or
twelve miles south of the town of
Gettysburg.
Armies Meet at Gettysburg.
It seems that General Lee on hear-
ing that Stuart had not succeeded in
checking the Union army's advance
had rtade up his mind to turn south-
ward to meet the force of Hooker, or
as it turned out the force of Meade.
Lee with Ills force had advanced
north beyond Gettysburg, while Meade
with his force was south of the town.
The fields near the Pennsylvania vil-
lage had not been picked as a place of
battle, but there it was that the two
great armies came together and for
three days struggled for the mas-
tery.
On the last day of June, the day
before the real tattle of Gettysburg
began, General Reynolds, a corps
commander of the Union army, went
forward to feel out the enemy. He
reached Gettysburg by nightfall. His
corps, the First, together with the
Third and the Eleventh Infantry
Corps with a division of cavalry, com-
posed the Union army'B left wing.
The Fifth Army Corps was sent to
Hanover, southeast of Gettysburg,
and the Twelfth Corps was Immedi-
ately south of Gettysburg at a dis-
tance of eight or nine miles. This
was on June 30, and the Union forces
were fairly well separted, but they
were converging and Gettysburg was
their objective.
General Reynolds of the Union
forces arrived at Gettysburg early on
the morning of July 1. He dispatched
a courier to Meade saying that the
high ground above Gettysburg was
he proper place to meet the enemy.
Not long after this message was Bent
to Meade General Reynolds who dis-
patched it, was killed. He was on
horseback near a patch of woods with
his force confronting a large detach-
ment of Confederate troops which was
coming toward them. TheBe troops of
the enemy were dispersed by the
Union batteries and Reynolds was
watching the successful solid shot
and shrapnel onsot when a bullet
struck him in the head killing him in-
stantly.
General Abner Doubleday succeeded
Reynolds In command of the troops
at that point of the field. A brigade
of Confederates, a Mississippi organi-
zation, charged the Union , forces,
broke their organization and succeed
ed in making prisoners of a large part
of a New York regiment. Later these
men were recaptured and the Missis-
sippi brigade was driven back, a por-
tion of it surrendering. In the fight
on the first day at this point of the
field or near It, one Union regiment
the 151st Pennsylvania, lost in killed
and wounded 337 men out of a total
of 446 in a little more than a quarter
of an hour's fight.
General Doubleday fell back to Sem
lnary Ridge and extended his line
The forces employed against him
here were greater than his own, and
after hard fighting Seminary Ridge
was git en up. The first day's battle
was In effect and in truth a victory
for the Southern arms. On the night
of July 1 General Hancock arrived
and succeeded in rally'ng the Union
forces and putting new heart into the
men. General Meade on that night
ordered the entire army to Gettys-
burg.
Victory Not Followed Up
For some reason or other perhaps
unknown to this day, what was virtu
ally a Confederate victory on the first
of July was not followed up by Gen-
eral Lee early on the next morning.
General Meade therefore succeeded in
strengthening his lines and in pre-
paring for the greater conflict. One
end of the Union line was some dls
tance east of Cemetery Hill on Rock
Creek, another end was at Round Top
something more than two miles be-
yond Cemetery Hill to the south. The
Confederate line confronting it was
Bomewhat longer.
It is impossible in a brief sketch of
this battle to give the names of the
brigade and the regimental comman-
ders and the names of the regiments
which were engaged on both sides in
this great battle. Meade, Hancock(
Howard, Slocum and Sickles with
their men were confronting Lee,
Longstreet, Hill. Ewell and the other
great commanders of the South with
their men. The line of battle with the
spaces in between the different com-
mands was nearly ten miles. It was
the Confederate general's intention to
attack at the extreme right and left
and at the center Simultaneously. It
was to be General Longstreet's duty
to turn the left ilank of the Union
army and to "break it." Longstreet's
intended movement was discovered in
time to have it met valiantly. The
battle of the second day really be-
gan with I.o^jstreet's advance. The
which has gone into history as one
of the most heroic assaults of all
time. It was forlorn hope but It was
grasped and the men of George Ed-
ward Pickett, Confederate soldier,
went loyally and with full hearts to
their death across a shrapnel and rifle
swept field.
When the third day's fighting open-
ed It began with an artillery duel,
hundreds of guns belching forth shot
and death from the batteries of both
contending forces. It Is said that this
was the greatest duel engaged in by
field pieces during the four years of
the war between the states.
The Union guns at one time ceased
firing, and it is said that the southern
commander thought they had been
silenced, and then it was that Long-
street's men made an assault and
Pickett's men made their charge. The
former general's objective was Big
Round Top, but his forces were driv-
en back. Picket formed his division
in brigade columns and they moved
directly across the fields over fiat
ground. They had no cover and they
had no sooner come into effective
range than they were met by such a
storm of shot as never before swept
over a field of battle.
They went on and on, and on clos-
ing in their depleted ranks and mov-
ing steadily forward to their death.
Those of Pickett's men who reached
11. P. & 5. P.
DIE DIVORCED
FEDERAL COURT OF UTAH IS
SUES DECREE SETTLING
THE CASE.
SUIT LASTED FOR FOUR YEARS
Part of S. P. Stock to Be Sold and
the Rest Traded to the Pennsyl-
vania For Its Baltimore &
Ohio Holdings*
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Gentle, blissful, wonderful workers
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Maj. Gen. John F. Reynolds.
Maj. Gen. George
St. Paul.—Federal Judges Walter
H. Sanborn, William C. Hook and
Walter I Smith, sitting as the district
court of Utah, approved plans agreed
upon by the attorney general and at-
torneys for the Union Pacific railroad
and the Union Pacific-Southern Paci-
fic merger, knowu as the llarrlmao
combine.
With the handing down of the final
decree, years of litigation came to an
end, the first suit of the govemnment
to dissolve the merger having been
filed at Salt Lake City in 1908.
Exchange of Holdings.
In brief, the plan, which has the
approval of President Wilson, pro-
vides that the Unlou Pacific shall ex-
change J38.000.000 of its $126,000,000
holdings in the Southern Pacific for
the Pennsylvania railroad's entire
holdings in the Baltmore & Ohio—
virtually an equal amount; that the
remaining $88,000,000 shall be sold to
the general public through the Centra!
Trust company of New York; that
no present stockholders in the Union
Pacific, continuing as such, may buy
any of the Southern PaclilT stock bo
sold; that the transaction should be-
gin November 1, 1913, and if not com-
pleted by January 1, 1916, (lie court
should direct the disposition of any
Southern Pacific stock remaining un-
sold.
Case Hard Fought.
When the suit of the government
to dissolve the Union Pacific-Southern
Pacific merger was filed in the federal
circuit court for the district of Utah
in 1908, tlie circuit court for the eighth
district was composed of Judge3 Wil-
lis Van Deventer, now on the supreme
bench, Walter H. Sanborn of St. Paul
and William C. Hook of Leavenworth,
Elmer B. Adams of St. Louis was ap-
pointed an examiner to take testi-
mony.
Witnesses were examined in all
parts of the United States, the evi-
dence was submitted to the circuit
court and in October, 1910, the ease
was argued in St. Paul.
On June 24, 1911, a majority of the
court decided that the case of the
government was not sustained, but
Judge Hook filed a dissenting opinion,
holding that the merger of the two
railway systems was a violation ot
the Sherman anti-trust law. The gov
ernment appealed the case to the
supreme court from the decision of
the circuit court, and on December 1
1912, the supreme court handed down
a decree reversing the lower court,
upholding in the main the dissenting
opinion of Judge Hook and sending
the case back to the federal court for
the district of Utah for an enforce-
ment of the decree dissolving the
merger.
Question of Method Bothers.
After the first tentative plan of dis-
solution was presented to the court
at St Louis, February 24, 1913, a num-
ber of modes of procedure (providing
for untangling the merger were sug
gested, but objections were raised
against each. The principal point
upon which the government and rail-
road representatives were unable to
| agree was the disposal of Union Pad-
| fic holdings of Southern Pacific stock
I amounting to $126,000,000.
In the Barber's Chair.
"No sooner was 1 seated in the
chair," began Jones, "than the barber
commented on the weather, and di-
rected a current of discourse into my
ears.
" 'Je ne comprend pas,' said I, with
an inward chuckle, thinking his volu-
bility would be checked.
"In very good French he started In
afresh. I looked at him as If bewil-
dered, and then Interrupted him by
asking:
"Was Sagen Sle?"
"He began to repeat In German all
that he had been saying, whea I shut
him off with:
"'Oh, talk to me with your fingers.
I'm deaf and dumb!' "
Donald's Opinion.
Donald was an old Scotch beadle
who officiated in a Highland kirk
where the minister, never a bright
star at any time, believed In giving
full value for the money, as It were,
in his discourses. A stranger once
asked him his opinion of the sermons.
"Ah, weel," replied Donald, "you'll
no get me to say onything against
them, for they're a' verry guld, but
I'll just remark this much:
"The beginning's aye over far frae
the end, an' it would greatly improve
the force o' it if he left oot a' that
cam' in atween."
Pickett.
their destination had a short hand-to-
hand encounter with the northern sol-
diers. It was soon over and Pickett's
charge, glorious for all time in his-
tory, was a failure in that which it
attempted to do, but was a success as
helping to show the heroism of Amer-
ican soldiers.
The losses at Gettysburg on both
sides were enormous. The Union
army lost Generals Zook, Farnsworth,
Weed and Reynolds, killed; while Gra-
ham, Barnes, Gibbon, Warren, Double-
day, Barlow, Sickies, Butterfield and
Hancock were wounded. The total
casualties killed .wounded, captured
or missing on the Union side num-
bered nearly 24,000 men. On the Con-
federate side Generals Semmes, Pen-
der, Garnet, Armistead, and Barks-
dale were killed, and Generals Kemp-
er, Kimbal, Hood, Heth, Johnson and
Trimble were wounded. The entire
Confederate loss is estimated to have
been nearly 30,000 men.
The third day's fight at Gettysburg
was a victory for northern arms, but
it was a hard won fight and the con-
flict reflects luster today upon the
north and the south. Lee led his
army back southward, later to con-
front Grant in the campaigns which
finally ended at Appomattox.
Forces Engaged and Losses.
The forces engaged at the Battle ol
Gettysburg were:
Confederate—According to official
accounts the Army of North Virginia,
on the 31st of May, numbered 74,468.
The detachments which joined num-
bered 6,400, making 80,868. Deducting
the detachments left in Virginia—
Jankins' brigade, Pickett's division,
2,300; Corse's brigade, Pickett's divi-
sion, 1,700; detachments from Second
corps and cavalry, 1,300, In all 5,300—
leaves an aggregate of 75,568. j stance of his bondsmen for embezzl
Union—According to the reports of nlent of countv funds, has a shortage
the 30th of June, and making allowance i Gf $7,833.64 for vhich to account, ac-
for detachments that joined in the in- j cording to a report made to State Ex-
terim in time to take part in the bat- ; aminer and Inspector Fred Parkinson,
tie, the grand aggregate jvas 100,000 Special Deputies H. E. j- Putnam
Knew the Remedy.
Returning from business one eve-
ning last spring I slipped on the Ice
before my home and turned my ankle.
In consequence I could not stand on
my feet for several minutes. My wife
and son, seeing my predicament, came
out to aid me, each taking hold of
one of my arms. Just then a small
freckle-faced boy ran over and said
to my wife: "Missis, give him some
black coffee when you gets him inside.
My mudder always does that when my
fadder comes home like thaL"
It's Quality.
•'I noticed In the department store
this morning there was a big crowd
about the perfumery bargains."
"Naturally, the perfumery would b
the scenter of attraction."
Few Do.
"Why is that man so much in de-
mand at public gatherings?"
"He knows the words of 'The Star
Spangled Banner.'"
Th« Ilnl IIo« WMthi* Tonl«
GROVE'S TA8TEI.K8S chill TONIC anrleh*#
th« blood n<l builds up lh« whole
and It will Wonderfully Btrenrthwn and for-
tify you to withstand th« dapr*Mln«
at th« hot Bummer. 60e.
When a young man calls on a girl
he might as well make love to her;
she thinks that is what he is there for
anyway.
Liquid biue la n weak solution. Avoid
It. Buy Red Cross Hall Blue, ilio blue that's
all blue. Adv.
The average man thinks he is doing
well If he stays on the water wagon
between drinks.
Mra.Wlnslow'8 Soothing Syrup for Children
teething, softens the prums, reduces Inflamma-
tion,allay a palQ.curea wind colic,26c a botlle-A4
The mejt trust makes the lover of
pork chops bristle with Indignation.
Senator Accused of Big Shortage.
Oklahoma City.—Senator E. J. War
, ner, former dlstnvt clerk of Blaine
i county, recently arrested at the in-
Southern general did not succeed In
the plan which he had formed to get
by Big Round Top and to attack the
Third Corps from a position of van-
tage in the rear. General Sickles de-
fended Round Top and Longstreet
could not take it.
When one visits the battlefield of
Gettysburg he can trace the course
of battle of the second day where it
raged at Round Top, Peach Orchard,
Cemetery Hill, Culp's Hill, and what
is known as The Devil's Den. The
tide of battle ebbed and flowed. Lit-
tle Round Top was saved from cap-
ture by the timely arrival of a brigade
commanded by General \\ eed that
dragged the guns of a United States
regular battery up to the summit by
hand.
At the end of the second day's fight
It was found that the Southern army
had failed to break the lelt flank of
the opposing forces, that it had failed
to capture Round Top and that the
right flank of the Northern army, al-
though vigorously attacked, had not
been broken. There was a tremen-
dous Iobs of life on both sides, and
while in general the day had gone
favorably to the Northren cause Get-
tysburg was still a drawn battle.
Charge of Gen. Pickett.
It was on July 3, the third and last
day of the great battle of Gettysburg
that Pickett's mea made tWr charge
officers and men.
The casualties were:
Confederate—
First corps
Second corps
Third corp3
Cavalry
Aggregate ...
Union—
First corps
Second corps ..
Third corps ...
Fifth corps ....
Sixth corps
Eleventh corps
Twelfth corps .
Cavalry
Staff
.21,63
Aggregate
. 6,059
. 4,369
. 4,211
. 2,187
. 242
. 3,801
. 1,082
. 1,094
4
.23,049
6*
11111
A Big Hit
Distinctive.
"Show me some tiaras, please. I
want one for my wife."
"Yes, sir. About what price?"
"Well, at such a price that I can
say: 'Do you Bee that woman with the
tiara? She is my wife."—Pearson's
Weekly.
Puzzled Missourian.
Will some one explain why some
people who are invariably late at
church need no bell to call them to the
mcving-plcture show on time?
and H. E Bonestetl. Warner was ar-
I rested shortly after the recent recses
! of the legislature upon a charge of
7,539 i embezzlement. His bondsmen, T. B.
5,937 [ Ferguson, T. J. Ballew, H. Brown and
6,735 jr(] g wheelock demanded his arrest.
1,426 Warner was elected to the office of
district clerk of Blaine county at state-
hood and held tills place until Decem-
ber 2, 1912, when he resigned to take
a place in the senate. The investi-
gations of Deputies Putnam and Bone-
steel covered the period from July 1,
1910, to January 6, 1913.
The report Indicates that $1,761.60
was due the county from Warner and
that he was short $5,376.91 In fees
due various litigants who had made
deposits with the clerk for costs
which should have been turned over.
A previous report showed that V ar-
ner was shore $697.45 prior to July 1.
1910. County was debtor to Warner
$17.32 for salary, according to the re-
port of the committee. This left a
balance ot $7,833.64 that Warner has
to settle.
In some of the cases for which fees
were deposited final judgment has
been rendered and in other cases
final judgment is pending. Warner waB
succeeded in the office of district
clerk of Blaine county by Zula J
Smith who was appointed to fill out
the unexpired term.
There is nothing makes a bigger
hit with a hungry person than to
know the digestion is working
properly and that your meals
are going to benefit you. If you
are not in this class take
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It is an excellent medicine for
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TAN GO
Tt dm WWi Striped Madtn
t*r. fc«ei. nnuditii. .T.
'SINGLE
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SBUffll&CltiAB ALWAYS HEL1ABLH.
ELGIN WITCHES
wtijv*L W. F. DUBiwfc OU,
17