Lexington Leader. (Lexington, Okla.), Vol. 18, No. 30, Ed. 1 Friday, April 16, 1909 Page: 3 of 8
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MANY ENEMIES OF
THE ALFALFA PLANT
Weeds, Rodents. Insects and Disease Have to be Reckoned
With by the Grower By J. M. Westjjute, As-
sistant Government Agrostoioglst#
Ovrr a con side ruble portion of the
country weeds constitute the worst
enemy tf alfalfa. This is especially
(rue if the h'taiid sections and in
those parts of Ihe west and south-
west where the hulk of Ihe rainfall
rames during the comparatively mild
winters. Witch-grass or couch-Brass
In New York and the New England
states, crab-mass in the eastern states
south of New Y°>'k. bluesrass In the
hluegruBS sections, and Ihe "foxtail"
or wild millets and crab-grass In the
central states are the worst enemies In
the respective sections from the stand-
point of the alfalfa plant.
In Ihe Irrigated sections of the west,
especially in those sections character-
ised by rainfall during the compara-
tively mild winters, the growth of the
wild barleys is a decided drawback to
the successful production of ulfalfa.
They mature shortly before the first
Mature Dodder Plant on an Alfalfa
Stem.
cutting of alfalfa, and the beards of
the grass heads frequently ruin the
first, crop of hay, which is sometimes
burned to destroy the grass seed.
These wild barleys are also known as
foxtail grass, squirrel-tail grass, and
wall barley.
Since alfalfa is not usually a clean-
cultivated crop the problem of weed
destruction is a serious one Disking
is usually tlie most effective remedy
for weeds, as the alfalfa is generally
benefited by the operation, while the
weeds are greatly injured, owing to
their different root systems. In sec-
tions where the wild barleys are
troublesome it is sometimes thought
necessary to burn the first crop ot
hay. Another method is to cut the
lirst. crop while the wild barley is still
immature and feed the mixture of al-
falfa and grass hay. The objection to
this method is that it necessitates the
cutting of the alfalfa when too young.
A heavy growth of crab-grass is some-
times burned in the early spring.
Dodder is one of the worst weeds so
far as alfalfa is concerned. The a< -
eotnpanying illustration indicates the
general appearance of the mature
plant. The dodder seeds germinate in
the ground and the young plants soon
attach themselves to the alfalfa seed-
lings. As soon as the threadlike stem
is firmly attached to the alfalfa plant
the stem connecting it with the ground
withers away. Thenceforth the dod-
der lives entirely on the alfalfa. It is
very difficult to eradicate when once
established, and for this reason great
care should be taken to avoid intro-
ducing it with the alfalfa seed at seed-
ing time. Grazing close with sheep
lias been recommended as being effec-
tive in holding dodder in check If
dodder appears in isolated spots
through the field, it is advisable to cut
the affected alfalfa plants very low
and remove them. Destroying the
dodder by burning with different in-
flammable materials litis occasionally
proved successful, but it is apt to be
more expensive than the removal of
the affected portions of the plants. If
the stand of alfalfa is badly affected
with dodder, the alfalfa should be
plowed ittj before the dodder go«s to
seed and the land kept in cultivated
crops 'or two or more years
The worst animal ptsvs are gophers,
ground squirrels, prairie dogs, and
mice. These are especially trouble-
some in the western half of the coun- '
try, where they injure the alfalfa by |
eating the roots as well as the foliage. !
The mounds of gophers are very an [
noying, as they interfere with mow
iug. These pests are less troublesome j
where irrigating water is available
with which to drown them out. The J
burrows, however, cause the waste of
much water when irrigating. Poison- i
ing and destruction by traps and cats
are the best means of holding the
pests in check.
Grasshoppers are at present Ihe
worst insect enemies with which al- \
falfa must contend. These are most
troublesome in the arid sections of the |
west, where the alfalfa fields may be |
the only succulent growth for miles, |
and the grasshoppers from large areas j
congregate upon the relatively small
fields of alfalfa. They are also es- i
pecially destructive to the alfalfa in j
the semi-arid sections where alfalfa I
must be produced without Irrigation. ]
A flock of turkeys is often efficient in
holding grasshoppers in check, as is
also a sheet-iron device known ;.s a j
' hopperdozer," which is run over a
field and catches the grasshoppers in
an open oil filled pan.
Another very effective means of de-
stroying grasshoppers is to disk the
fields in late winter. This exposes the
half-developed young to the early
spring freezes and to the attacks of
birds. This operation is also to some
extent effective against the alfalfa
webworm.
Hllater beetles also prove trouble-
some at times when they appear In
considerable number3. The general
practice is to cut the alfalfa on the
appearance of any such pests, when
they will be forced to starve or
migrate. The alfalfa and clover chal-
cis fly found also in Europe and Si-
beria. is proving destructive to the al-
falfa-seed crop wherever it is grown.
There are two general classes of dis-
cuses which affect the alfalfa plant,
namely, those which affect the roots
and those which attack the stems and
| leaves. Of the former, root-rot is the
! most important. This disease is prac-
tically identical with cotton root-rot
and prevents the successful production
tlons of
spreads
j in widening circles throughout the {
| field, causing an almost complete de- |
|(structlon of ihe stand as the disease j
| progresses. There is no practical
remedy, and land so affected must be
kept out of alfalfa or cotton for sev-
eral years. Another disease which at
tacks the alfalfa roots is the
"sclerotlum" disease, which appears
as black excrescences about the size of
wheal grains There is no practical
remedy for this disease other than to
throw the land out of alfalfa for a
number of years.
] Of the diseases which attack the
j leaves and stems, the leaf-spot dis- i
ease is the most common. This ap- |
pears as minute black spots on the j
mature leaves. Leaf-rust produces
small reddish spots on the leaves. '
l'owdery mildew and downy mildew j
form whitish patches of considerable |
size on the leaves. Another form of |
leaf-spot disease is sometimes destruc-
tive. Tills appears in the form of
well-defined circular spots which show
numerous small black dots scattered
over their surfaces. The most effec-
tive remedy is to cut the plants when
any of these diseases begins to prove
destructive. This process invigorates
the plant, and most of the spores by
which the disease is spread are de-
stroyed. The anthracnose disease at
tacks the stents and forms purple
patches which gradually increase in
size. This is destructive locally in
the east. No effective remedy has
been discovered for this disease.
HARDSHIPS OF ARMY LIFE.
Left Thousands of Veterans with Kid-
ney Trouble.
The experience of David W. Martin,
A retired merchant of Bolivar, Mo., is t
_ . just like Ihou
Bands of others.
Mr. Martin says: i
"I think I have
had kidney dis-
ease ever since the
war. During an en-
gage ment my
horse fell on me,
straining my back
and injuring the
kidneys. I have been told 1 had a
floating kidney. 1 had intense pain
in the back, headaches and dizzy
spells, and the action of the bladder
very irregular. About three years ago
I tried Doan's Kidney Pills and inside
of a comparatively short time was en-
tirely rid of kidney trouble."
Sold by all dealers. 50 cents a box.
Foster-Mllburn Co., Buffalo, N. Y.
WISE TO NIAGARA.
j of alfalfa in considerable portions
eastern and southern Texas. It spre
Keep Chicks Dry.—Wet feet are not
a good thing for baby chicks. Keep
the floors of their coops dry, and ar-
range their drinking troughs so that
they cannot get in them or spill the
water.
Hog Loader Makes Handling of the
Hogs an Easy Task
Teacher—Johnny, can you tell me
the most remarkable thing about Ni-
agara Falls?
Johnny—Yessum; the price they
soak you for everything without going
to jail.
TOTAL LOSS OF HAIR
Seemed Imminent—Scalp Was Very
Scaly and Hair Came Out by Hand-
fuls—Scalp Now Clear and
New Hair Grown by Cuticura.
"About two years ago I was troubled
with my bead being scaly. Shortly
after that I had an attack of typhoid
fever and I was out of the hospital
possibly two months when I first no-
ticed the loss of hair, my scalp being
still scaly. 1 started to use dandruff
cures to no effect whatever. I had
actually lost hope of saving any hair
at all. I could brush It off my coat
by the handful. I was afraid to comb
it. But after using two cakes of Cuti-
cura Soap and nearly a box of Cuti-
cura Ointment, the change was sur-
prising My scalp is now clear and
healthy as could be and my hair thick-
er than ever, whereas I had my mind
made up to be bald. W. F. Steese, E812
Broad St., Pittsburg, Penn., May 7 and
21, 1908."
Potu-r Drag .V Cbcln. Corp., Sole Props., Boston.
Harris' Great Good Humor.
"No man ever maintained his life at
a higher level of perpetual good
httmor," writes James W. Lee of Joel
Chandler Harris in the Century. "The
day before he died, when he was al-
ready beginning to pass into the dark
valley of death, one of his sons came
into the room and inquired: 'Bow are
you this morning, father?'
"'Well,' responded Mr. Harris, 'I am
about the extent of a. tenth of a gnat's
eyebrow better.'"
With a smooth Iron and Defianco
Starch, you can launder your shirt-
waist just as well at home as the
steam laundry can; It will have the
proper stiffness and finish, there will
be less wear and tear of the goods,
and It will be a positive pleasure to
use a Starch that does not stick to the
Iron.
Seasoning.
"He swore she was the salt of his
life."
"And now that they are wed?"
"She's the pepper."
A Domentlc Ere Remedy
Compounded by Experienced Physicians.
Conforrn3 to Pure Food and Drui;h I.uws,
Wins Friends Wherever Used. Ask Drug-
gists for Murine Eye Remedy. Try Mu-
rine in Your Eyes. You Will Like Murine.
TO MY MANY OKLAHOMA FRIENDS
tor thirty years or more, thousands of families now in the State of Oklahoma have relied
on GROVE'S TASTELESS CHILL TONIC and LAXATIVE BROMO QUININE or
treating members of thcir_ families.^aud while the}- have never met mc I feci that many of
them feel they know me.'
I have never placcd on the market anything that did not possess superior merit, in fact
I never recommend any article to the public without I am convinced that it possesses
more merit than anything previously introduced.
Because of the splendid reputation which GROVE'S TASTELESS CHILL TONIC
and LAXATIVE BROMO QUININE have made in the homes ot Oklahoma • fee1 tn.it i
could not afford to recommend to my friends any new preparation without I was
thorougKIy convinced that it really possessed"more merit than anything of a similar
nature ever placed on the market. " '
DR. PORTER'S HEALING OIL was discovered by an old Railroad Sur-
geon and used by him in surgical operations. After testing it in every way possible, and
being convinced it was a wonderful discovery and possessed merit far superior to anything
else of the kind ever offered to the public, the PARIS MEDICINE COMPANY, of which
I am President, bought the rights and are now manufacturing and introducing it, and to my
many friends who have used GROVE'S TASTELESS CHILL TONIC and LAXATIVE
BROMO QUININE for so many years I wish to state that I know DR. PORTER'S
HEALING OIL will cure Old Sores no matter of how long standing that other remedies
have failed to cure;-will relieve the pain of a Hum instantly and take out all inflammation
in one day; will relieve the pain of a_ Cut instantly and will heal it in one day,' and absolute-
ly prevents any risk o_f blood poisoning in hurts or wounds of any kind. It is needed in
every home. When any of the family are severely burned or cut, or a horse is badly injured
on a wire fence you haven't time to send for a remedy but you need it at once; therefore, do
not delay in purchasing a regular 25c package under our positive guarantee. The oniy
remedy which will cure collar and saddle galls while the horse is being worked. We have
authorized every dealer to refund to the purchaser the full retail price in every case where the
purchaser says it is not the best remedy ever used. Understand we do not mean as good as
any other remedy, but if you are not convinced that it is the best healing remedy you ever
used the druggist will refund the price you paid for it. Prices, 25c, 50c and $1.00,
We guarantee it to cure.
Old Sores, Burns, Granulated Eyelids, Chronic Catarrh, Cracked Heel,
Running Sores, Boils,' Scald Head, Sore Throat, Scratches,
Fever Sores, Carbuncles, Scalp Diseases, Sore Gums, Nails in Feet,
Eczema,' Itch, Corns, _ Ear Ache, Thrush,
Ivy Poison, Skin Diseases, Bites & Stings, Warts, Mange,
Sore and Tender Feet.
<S%&
. ai .._
FA mouthful of
ctelscious&aszEZ#
Presto! You're
in the Country
The world may owe you a living,
young man, but by the time you col-
lect it you will be ready to give the
undertaker a job.
"I prescribed whiskey."
"I took it. You can't smell It be-
cause I chewed WRIGLEY'S SPEAR-
MINT after."
The early cucumber isn't made a
Mason at sight, but it's there when it
comes to giving the grip.
In case of accident, cuts, wounds,
burns, scalds, sprains, bruises, etc., noth-
ing will so quickly take away ail pain
and soreness as liamlins Wizard Oil.
The trouble with men who are all
right otherwise is their penchant for
boasting of it.
"More life to that flavor than any
gum I have ever tasted."
WKIGLEY'S SPEARMINT.
It Is the man who can't do things
that Is always telling others how to
do them.
carries yovr mind
to tireen fields
- nannlnO brooks
FINE FOR INGESTION
SICK HEADACHE
Positively cured by
these Little Tills.
They also relieve Dis-
tress from Dyspepsia, I ti-
ll I post iou a nil Too Heart y
Eating. A perfect rem-
edy for Dizziness, Nau-
sea, Drowsiness, Dad
Taste in the Mouth, Coat-
ed Tonpue, Pain In the
Side, TORPID LIVER.
They regulate the Bowftls. Purely Vegetable.
SMALL PILL. SMALL DOSE. SMALL PRICE.
ITTLE
PILLS.
Investment
Why add by the mental
pencil process, and then
check to see if it's correct
when the Wntvtrsaf adds
three to five times faster
and does it with unerring
accuracy ?
Save Time
Time saved is money
earned. Anything that
saves time is an investment ,
The Wnivtwa! saves time
and money. Invest now.
A demonstration on your
work in your office at our
expense will furnish you
wi th the proof. Wri te today.
You need me,
I'm built on honoft
I print red totals.
I sell on my merits.
I am fully guaranteed.
Wnlvfcnsaf
Adding Machine
UNIVERSAL ADDING MACHINE CO.
General Office and l actor) .Bt I
^ • T* Miller, Snips Apent
107 West bccoud stn-.t. < (kbihoniu City, Okla.
Telephone 2768.
BOYS SHOES
CARTERS
ITTLE
IVER
PILLS.
Genuine Must Bear
Fac-Simile Signature
REFUSE SUBSTITUTES.
WRIGLEY'S w
LAVOF^
Dr. M« INTOSII celebrated
t ] Natural Uterine Supporter
gl\ i*H Immediate relief. Rolu l>y all Hiir
Yf K""l IrmtruiiM-nt .I.hI.t* and leading
// dnitfvlHta In United State* and ( nun.la
Jy Catalog. i rllhtuud particular* rnailul
J 1 1 of this paper de-
Readers
anything adver-
tised in its columns should insist upon
having what they a.sk lor, refusing all
sub&itutes or imitations.
electrotypes!
Iln
I KK
Til K II A ST IN < • S X. M« I NTOSH Tltl'SS
I 9B Walnut St ., Philadelphia, P
manufacturers <>f trufeM>H and
hoIh makers of tho (ienuln
stamped "McIntosh" Hupportci
Special Offer
With an order for 25 rolls of
Samson Rubber or Feldspar Roofing
We give you free nn Accident Insurance
for f2.VJ0.U0 for one year, together with a tiue
pocket hook Write
! ST. LOUJH ASPHALT CO., Manufacturers,
Fully (iuarutitccd. ST. LOUIS, MO.
The Roason I Mako and Sell More Men's $3.00
to $3.50 Shoes Than Any Other Manufacture*
1* because I the war*r th® b«ne/lt of th* mo«|
complete onn.ufcjatlon of trained eipeits and skilled
shoemakers In the country.
The (election of the leathers for etch part of the sho*,
and every detail of the making ln every department, It
looked after by the best shoemakers ln the shoe Industry.
If I could snow you how carefully W L Douglas shoe*
are m;i>1e, you would then understand why thev hold theUr
shape, fit better, and wear longer than any other make.
My Method of Tunning the Solea mahrs them Morm
Flexible and Longer Wearing than any others.
Slioea for F.verv Member of tho Family,
1U en, Women, >1 lues nuU i Midi uu.
For sale liy shoe dealer# every where.
rAIITIHM I N'""" without \V. I. l)'>ntrl*p
ofHU I lull • luiiuu ami price sijuu| d on bottom.
Fast Color Eyalcts Uaed Exclusively. Catalog mailed ti% ,
W. L DOUGLAS, 107 Spark St, Brockton,
No Matter
what Liver or Bowel medicine you
crc using, stop it now. Get a lOo
box — v/eek's treatment — of CAS-
CARETS today from your druggist
and Icarn how easily, naturally and
delightfully your liver can bo made
to work, and your bowels move ©very
day. There's new life in every, box.
CASCARETS are nature's helper.
You will tee the difference! 883
CASCARETS fry; a box for a week #
treatment, all druggists. Hinges* eller
in the world. Million bozcb a mouth.
BiLLJARDTABLES
POOL TABLES
LOWEST PRICES. EASY PAYMENTS.
You cannot afford to experiment with
untried goods sold by commission
J agents. Catalogues free.
The Brunswick-Balko-Collonder Company
j 137-639 CeU«are St.. OsdI.B. kansas city. mn,
>AftkER'S
HAIR BALSAM
Clesnirs tiwl beautifies the hair.
Promotes a luxuriant growth.
Never Falls to Bestoro Gray
,Halr to lta Youthful Color.
Cuiasjcalp diseates A htir failing,
AOr.and fl.uOa
JM'r
fTarwwTK
Thompson's Eye Water
W. N. U., Oklahoma City, No. 16-1909.
IE WIS' SINGLE BINDER
V STRAIGHT 5f THEM TO°IO?SCP|CARS
Mrs. Wlnalow'a Soothing Hyrnji.
Fur children teething, iK«ft<?ui the gums, reduce* !t>
flamniatlun, allays pain, cures wlud collu. i&c a bottio.
Stealing away from bad company is
Justifiable larceny.
Be charitable before wealth makee
thee covetous.—Sir Thomas Browne.
DON'T SPOII, YOUR CLOTHES.
Use Ked Cross Ball Blue and keep them
white aa buow. All grocers, be a package.
Some figures do not lie until tho
dressmaker starts to pad them.
COLT DISTEMPER
flly. The sl«'k are curftd, and all oths
vffT-r r HHIHSH
laiuestablw. Q<> matter bow "eiixm^l." kept from haring tus'dlV
*ae. by using Kl'OIIN* LIQUID UIBTKMI'EK CUKE, ttiva or*
lie tongue, or In fend. A< Ui on th«. blood and expels germ* ot
all form* of dl*ttm|* r. IU««t remedy ever known for maree In foal
Oue bottle guaranteed to cure mocane. 60ean',lla bottle Maud
•10 dozen of drugglm* and harncxM <l«-«tlern. or srnt e« press paid fcy
manufacturer**, rut shows bow to poultl- e throat*. Our free
*. • BookletKlveseverything. Ixxs*I agent* wanted. Uiymi selling
horno remedy la-ox Is tone^— twelve years.
8POHN MEDICAL CO.. CbeaisfsaiMiBaetorioioiUis, Coahen, Ind., U. 8. A.
A loader for attachment to the wagon is made of two pine boards six
inches wide by nine feet long fastened together by the three cross-pieces of
proper length so tl*at they will fit between the sides of the wagon box. A
fleer i3 laid on these cross-piecec and short strips of lath to prevent hogs
slipping. At the upper end the sides are notched to fit on the bottom of
wagon box and two staples on each side complete the fastening. The con-
ttruction of the rack is shown in the illustration.
9
Bocaueo of thoso ugly, grizzly, gray hairs. Uoe "LA CREOLE" HAIR RESTORER.□ PRICE, ^l.oo. rotall.
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Fox, J. O. Lexington Leader. (Lexington, Okla.), Vol. 18, No. 30, Ed. 1 Friday, April 16, 1909, newspaper, April 16, 1909; (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc110359/m1/3/?q=Hughes: accessed April 25, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.