The Independent. (Cashion, Okla.), Vol. 14, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 20, 1922 Page: 4 of 8
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THE INDRPBMDBNT
Red Men Have
Occult Sect
I WAS SOLD FOR 35 CENTS
"Dreamers" of Yakima Tribe
Had Gospel Much Like Gandhi
in India Today.
MYTHS SHOW POETIC QUALITY
Yakimas Recently Assured by Feder.il
Authorities They May Fish and
Pick Berries for Ten Years
More Without Interference
Washington. As tin \ would put it.
the wise men of I fit* Children of I In'
Narrowh have been assured by llit*
Greut White Father (hut their tribe
maj fish, dig roots and pick In rri« s for !
leu un ro summer* without interfer-
ence from palefaces.
Technically, the Yakima Indians, of
Shahaptlan stock, have been granted
freedom of their reservation. In Wash-
ington state, for ten more years, with-
out acceptance o' any duties and priv-
ileges of American citizenship.
"Some 1,300 of the Yuklnuis thus
■ re assured the untrarameled freedom
of their tribal customs," explains a
bulletin from the Washington head-
quurters of the National iJeographlc
society. "Thus not only are these In-
dians made happy, but the friends of
the Red man will be given further op-
portunity to study one of the more
primitive groups of American abo-
rigines, who have not been spoiled by
a too sudden imposition of the white
mun's civilization.
Derisive Name Stuck.
"The Yakimas take their name from
a derisive nickname, meaning 'runa-
ways,' applied by other tribes; and
they have given this name to the
Yaklmu river along which they live.
They call themselves 'Wnptailmln,'
meaning 'Children of the Narrows,' In j
reference to the narrows of that river, |
less poetically designated Union (Jap
on the maps.
"Tribal customs among all the
Shahaptians, to which linguistic family
the Yakimas belong, are similar, The |
Shahaptians ranged over what now Is
northeastern Oregon and southwest
Idaho as well as in Washington.
"Offshoots of the Shuhaptian stock
Included the Nez Per the 'pinched-
1)080 men,' whose leader Joseph, won
comparison with the march of Xeno-
phon's Ten Thousand for bin retreat
after an attack upon white usurpers I
of his ancient home lands in Oregon. |
"Smohalla, 'the preacher,' founder of
that mystic Indian band known as I
'Dreamers' also was Sbabaptlan. In !
the Columbia river region, near the j
present-day home of the Yakimas, he
preached a gospel strikingly like that
of Gandhi, leader of the non-co-op- (
eratlon movement In British India to-
day. After wanderings in the deserts j
south to Mexico, during which he
claimed to have visited the spirit I
world, be returned to counsel that In- !
diuns return to their native ways of j
living, decline Instruction or associa- I
tion with white men, and above all 1
follow their own gods. Chief Joseph i
embraced this faith.
"Disputes over land In the Yakimr.
reservation were made the oceusion
for u federal military investigation of
this sect In The salmon thanks-
giving. the berry festival and the ghost
dances were reported upon, and
seances marked by trances and bell
ringing were found.
"Today the Yakimas may roam at
will over an area nearly as large as
that of Rhode Island. The treaty by
which this reservation, within the |
bend but not bordering the Columbia j
river, was set aside dates back to the 1
'50's and included among its slgna-
i lories representatives of 13 other rem-
nant tribes of the Shahaptlan family.
Mvths Show Poetic Quality.
"Primitive without >• s> stem of
< lans or ti tiency toward agriculture,
these tribe.-, have a folk lore which
often challenges the myths of Greece
or s< audlnn vi.t Where the Columbia
now cascades its vay through narrow
defiles the Klickitats believed u nat-
ural bridge onee spanned its waters.
Two sons of their gods, they ex
Iil ued, quarreled to possess so fair a
land The two shot arrows to deter
mine the .'and they should occupy. To
one v n fell the legion of the present-
day Yakimas and to the other the
Willamette valley.
"To Insure peace between the peo-
ples the ehlef god raised high moun-
tains but, so they might be friendly,
he tlir -w a great stone bridge across
the 'Wanna' (Columbia) river. This
bridge the Indians called 'Tamahna-
wos,' bridge of the gods. A witch
woman lived on ft and to her was en-
trusted all the tire In the world. After
intercession with the chief of the gods
she won permission to build a groat
tire on the bridge to which both tribes
inlaid come and light their fagots.
This act so plensed the chief god that
he transformed the witch woman Into
a beautiful maiden.
"No sooner did the two chiefs be-
hold her than they fell victims to her
wondrous charm and set their people
to battle so they might win her hand.
Then the god was wrathful. He de-
stroyed the bridge. Hut so the maid
ami her lovers might be beautiful In
death as In life be created three moun-
tains with snow-capped peaks. He
who doubts this tale may see these
mountains for himself. Are they not
beautiful, ami arc they not perpetu-
ally snow-crowned, as the god, Sagha-
lie, decreed.
"The white men call them Mount
Hood, Mount St. Helens, and Mount
Adams."
WEEK-END THIEF
LATEST IN CRIME
New York Criminal Made Spe-
cialty of Looting Fashionable
Apartments at Week-End.
SUGGESTIONS FOR TREATMENT OF
TREES DAMAGED BY ICE STORMS
Apt* *r. ■
•JltvV ^
This girl was sold for thirty-five
cents—but that was eighteen years
ago. when she was a child of five;
and she was sold to an American mis-
sionary and his wife. She is Kan Kn
Vong, who was "bought" on the
streets of Hang Chow by Mr. and Mrs.
W. S. Sweet, Rapt 1st missionaries.
Later she was adopted by Rev. A. E.
Harris of Philadelphia. She Is now
a music student at Oberlin college
and she expects to study child psy-
chology and teaching at Columbia. For
the last three years she has been run-
ning a kindergarten In China.
Paroled Criminals Commit Most Crime
Chicago.—Seven out of every ten
crimes of violence In Chicago are com-
mitted by criminals who are out on
bond, say police officials. The crooks
at liberty on bond are the most
vicious of all criminals, authorities
declare, and some way to curb this
evil Is to he sought.
Wheat Leads in
Farm Exports
IS TRAPPED BY POLICE
Confesses to Having Committed Mys-
terious Saturday and Sunday Bur-
glaries That Have Puz-
tled Police.
New York. New York's latest crim-
inal, lho "week-end burglar." was cap-
tured when he visited a fashionable
apartment house in which h Jewel rob-
bery was effected a week ago, accord-
ing to detectives of the East Sixty-sev-
enth street station.
Six detectives, headed by Lieut. John
McMahon, and more than 20 patrol-
men, some of them in plain clothes,
were distributed through from Fif-
tieth to Sixtieth street and between
Lexington and Fifth a>enue in ths
trap set for the thief.
Out of Work, He Says.
The man arrested told the detec-
tives, after he had been charged with
burglary, thai he had been out of work
since last July, and admitted, they
said, several of the recent Saturday
and Sunday burglaries that won the
distinctive sobriquet of "week-end bur-
glar."
i The prisoner said he Is Thomas Bell,
twenty-four years old. a chauffeur, born
In London. lie lives, he said, at 1118
Newton road. Astoria, L. I.
Rell was trapped, according to the
police, in the apartment of Edgar No-
| velli, on the first floor of the 14-story
apartment house at ll'.*> Last Seventy-
second street, at the corner of Lexing-
ton avenue. Before entering there,
the police say he had gone up the fire
escape to the fourth-floor apartment
of Charles Dillingham, and tried to
i enter that.
Tries Third-Floor Window.
1 Failing to enter that window, he
descended and tried the window of a
third-floor apartment, occupied by Mrs.
0
* T-* < .-i v • " " 7
It Breaks Record in 1921, and
for First Time Exceeds
Shipments of Cotton.
INCREASE IN CORN EXPORTS
Pork and Pork Products, Including
Lard, Follow Cotton on the List—
Many Commodities Show In-
crease Over 1920.
Washington.- Wheat was king of
American agricultural exports in 11)21.
An analysis of the 1921 exports of
32 of the principal agricultural prod-
ucts grown in the United States, made
public by the Department of Agricul-
ture, shows that more wheat was ex-
ported during last year than in any
preceding year in history of the coun-
try, and that for the first time the ex-
port value of wheat and wheat flour
exceeded the value of cotton exports.
Exports of corn In 1921, Including
coram eai converted into terms of corn,
were larger than In any year since
11)00.
Since 1019 the United States has
become an exporter of rice, the ex-
ports of 600,050,000 pounds In 1921
Little Girl Causes Ghost Scare
being more than twenty times the
average annual rice exports In the
five-year period, 1910 to 1914.
Lxports and Values.
The principal agricultural exports
during 1921 and their declared values
were:
Wheat and wheat flour, $f f> 1,000,-
000; cotton, $534,000,000; pork and
pork products, including lard, $246,-
000,000; leaf tobacco, $205,000,000;
corn and corn meal, $1)7,000,000; sugar,
$49,000,000; rye, $44,000,000; con-
densed and evaporated milk, $38,000,-
OOO; cottonseed oil, $24,000,000; rice,
$21,000,000, and barley, $21,000,000.
Exports which showed an Increase
In quantity over 1920 were:
Wheat, cotton, corn, rice, barJey,
pork and pork products, except bacon,
oleo oil, cottonseed oil and cake, re-
fined sugar, green apples, eggs, to-
bacco, dried apples, dried apricots and
dried prunes. Exports which showed
a decrease In quantity were: Wheat,
flour, rye and rye flour, oats, beef,
bacon, butter and cheese, condensed
milk, potatoes, hops, dried peaches
and raisins.
Wheat exports totaled 279,949,000
bushels, as compared with 218,287,000
bushels In 1920, but the value was
$432,9(>T>,000 In 1921, as compared with
$596,975,000 In 1920, a decrease of
more than $160,000,000.
Exports of wheat flour were 16,-
800,000 barrels in 1921, with a de-
clared value of $117,696,000, as com-
pared with 19,854,000 barrels, valued
at $224,472,000 exported in 1920.
Cotton and Corn Exports.
Cotton exports In 1921 totaled 6.078,-
(KN> bales of 500 pounds each, with a
declared value of $534,242,000, as com-
pared with 0,359.000 bales valued at
$1,136,409,000 exported In 1920.
Corn exports, Including corn meal
converted Into terms of corn, totaled
132,266,000 bushels valued at $96,566,-
000, as compared with 21,230,000 bush-
els valued at $33,932,000 exported In
1920.
Imports of ctsrn dropped from 7,784,-
000 bushels In 1020 to 164,000 bushels
In 1921; rice Imports from 142.951,000
pounds to 83.895,000 pounds. Cheese
imports Increased from 15,994,000
pounds In 1920 to 26,866,000 pounds In
1921.
Imports of eggs In the sheJl jumped
from 1,700.000 dozen to 3.063,000 dozen.
The department asserts that an an-
alysis of American foreign trade Is In-
complete without taking Into account
both quantity and value, for although
exports of many leading agricultural
products show a large Increase In
quantity declines In value have greatly
offset the possible gain derived from
Increased quantity.
it
m
Was Captured.
Edgar Salinger, who was robbed of
valuable jewelry a week ago. found
that locked, went down to the second
floor and tried a window theft, but
without success. He descended to the
first floor, found the window opened
easily and stepped through It. Imme-
diately the trap was closed.
While detectives, under Lieutenant
McMahon were listening to the man
wrapping valuables In paper within
the Novell! apartment, they said, Bell
heard them and went to the fire es-
cape. He stepped out of the window
with drawn gun. according to the po-
lice, but thrust his gun quickly into bis
outer pocket at the command of
"Hands up I"
An Old Orchard In the East With Trees Headed High and Tops Full of
Water Sprouts and Brush.
Dr. Walter Franklin I'rlnce of the American Institute for Scientific He
search, who went to Antlgonlsh, Nova Scotia, to Investigate the ghostly rota-
tions that hart driven Alexander Maedonald and family from their farm home,
has reported that the mischievous pranks of Mary Ellen, adopted daughter of
Alexander Macdonald, were responsible for moat of the manifestations. The
picture shows Dr. I'rlnoe and his partj la sleighs with Inserts showing Mary
iJBlan and Alexander Macdonald.
Grocer Shoots Self in Sleep.
Emporia, Knn.—John IV ( u ndersnn,
ii grocer, shot himself In the chest dur-
ing the night while he was sleeping
with a revolver tinder his pillow. The
sound of a shot awoke Onnderson,
who fotmd ho hail wounded himself.
The grocer had carrlad the gun to bed
with him to orotoct his store frons
fcardsrs
TWO EAGLES FIGHT A PUMA
Spectacular Battle It Waged en S'ope«
•f Mount Bdldy in Colorado
Spring* Park.
Colorado Springs. Colo.—A moun-
tain lion which had dropped down the
eastern slopes of Mount HaJdy Into
North Cheyenne canyon, Colorado
Springs park, was attacked by a pair
of bald eagles. The fight was wit-
nessed by I'earl Turner and Ella i ay-
lor.
The eagles had the lion at s dis-
advantage from the start. They would
both swoop down at once, using claws
and heaks unmercifully. The Hon
tried ail the time to escape. When
close pressed he would Jeap at his
antagonists, snapping and striking
with his paws. The eagles used their
wings effectively to escape these on-
slaughts. The lion Anally obtained
shelter In brush.
Youth 9teals to Get Money to Wed.
New York.—Need of money f«w his
approaching marriage was the reason
given by Louis Rosenthal, of three
youths arrested fo? robbing Miss Ida
Kurtrnisn of $1.0ft2 which she had
drawn from s bank. Two other boys
were arrested In ceanectlon with the
same robbery.
(Prepared by the United State* Department
of Agriculture )
The extensive Injury to fruit trees
In Wisconsin and paris of Michigan
by the recent Ice in late February
has brought Inquiries to the United
States Department of Agriculture as
to the best methods of treating these
trees and repairing the damage. The
following suggestions are made by the
department and apply mainly to the
apple but are applicable to the cherry
and other fruit trees.
The best thing to do with apple,
cherry and other fruit trees which
have their branches broken down or
spilt and Injured by snow and ice. Is
tlrst to give them a very careful prun-
ing. and. second, to use, as far as pos-
sible, methods of tree surgery to en-
able them to repair and outgrow the
Injury.
Proper Methods in Pruning.
The pruning of an Injured fruit tree
with part of its branches broken out
requires more cutting and more skill-
ful pruning than an ordinary normal
tree. Each tree presents more or
less an Individual problem, depending
on how severely It Is injured. When
one side of the tree has been badly
smashed, the other side may require
more than normal heading back to
attempt to balance the fruit top, at
least eventually. Sometimes long,
slender branches have escnped, and
these likewise require more heading
hack, and this may be needed a sec-
ond and third year before the top of
the tree can be shaped Into anything
like the normal. Water sprouts on
the stubs of branches which in ordi-
nary pruning would be removed, should
be mostly left on an Injured tree. In-
dividual water sprouts properly locat-
ed to form new branches may he se-
lected, headed back slightly If too long,
and encouraged to grow into new
limbs. Stubs from six Inches to a foot
or more In length should not usually
be sawed off on these crippled trees
If they are In the right location for
future framework branches. The
ragged ends should he neatly sawed or
Smoothed with a knife and the stub left
to throw a mass of sprouts, as It
usually will do If the top has been
pretty generally taken out or removed
by breaking and pruning.
Dehorning or pruning the main
branches to stubs Is often purposely
practiced by orchardlsts to renew the
top, and essentially the same methods
can be applied In part, even though
the dehorning Is fofced In this case.
Whenever there are any small spurs
or branches on the remaining stubs,
they should he left to get out new
twig growth promptly. Apple trees,
especially, sprout very freely from the
branches, even though they may be
as large as one's arm or larger,
that where there are no spurs or small
branches, still new growth Is likely to
he produced.
While abnormally slender, high
branches or extra long lateral branch-
es may require heading In to balance
up the tree, It Is well to leave as much
as possible of the top and not try to
do all tlje balancing up and heading
back in a single year. It will take at
least three years to build a new head
on a ten-year apple tree whlcb has
been badly broken up.
Trn Surgery Methods Suggested.
Trees >*lth split forks or large
wounds made by branches being brok-
en out, tearing snd stripping of hark
and wood from the main branch or
main trunk, and trees with their tops
smashed down beyond recovery pre-
sent problems of tree surgery not cov-
ered by ordinary or extraordinary
pruning. Bach case requires more or
less special treatment. A few types of
repair work may be mentioned:
Yonng fruit trees under six years
of age, or even older when they are
not more than three or four Inches In
diameter, which have their whole top
broken out and perhaps split at the
main forks, can often he brought hack
Into good shape by sawing off the
trunk at the highest available point,
at an angle of about 4.1 degrees, even
though this leaves a trunk not more
than six Inches high, and painting the
cut end.
Essentially the same principles may
lie applied to growing new branches
from the stubs mentioned above In the
top of the tree. A temporary cut Is
made Just below the hrnnrh and then
after the first year's growth a per-
manent cut Just beyond • twig which
Ii te make a future framework llmk
It Is not often necessary In this case
to do summer pinching, and It inay be
desirable In the later pruning to leave
some of the weaker lateral sprouts for
future fruiting limbs Instead of strip-
ping them all off as described for
training up a new trunk. Forks which
lmve split down and even bent over
so that the branches touch the ground,
but with the wood and bark still in-
tact and not too badly spllftfered, can
be pulled up with ropes and bolted
back Into place, using one or more
bolls inserted according to the usual
tree surgery methods described in
Farmers' Bulletin 1178, Tree Sur-
gery, which deals with the general
problem of repairing forest, shade and
ornamental trees. This bulletin can
be obtained free on application to the
Division of Publications, Department
of Agriculture, Washington D. C.
Proper Method of Treating Wounds.
If the branches are broken down be-
yond recovery, hanging only by splin-
tered wood and bark, or in case of
branches broken off from the tree,
the wound should be trimmed and
smoothed as neatly as possible with
a gouge and mallet. Sjieclal atten-
tion should be given to trimming the
• dgefc of the bark neatly, particularly
:tt the lower part of such a wound,
because growth proceeds from the top
and sides more than from the bot-
tom. Ragged stubs and broken edges
of the bark should be trimmed out
at the bottom of the wound. The
, splintered wood should be removed,
| leaving a smooth surface for the heal-
ing-in margin of the wound to cover.
The bottom should end In an ellip-
tical or V shaped point from which
rain water can readily escape.
The exposed wood on all the scars
where branches are broken and on
all pruning wounds more than three-
fourths of an Inch in diameter or which
may be expected to take more than
one year to heal should be painted
at once with a good wound paint. A
mixture of 1-4 to 1-3 creosote oil and
2 3 to 3-4 ordinary coal tar has proved
very satisfactory, since it Is both a
disinfectant and a waterproof cover-
ing. It is slightly injurious to the
cut edges of the bark and while this
may riot be serious and Is readily over-
grown, If one wishes to get the best
results, a <^oat of shellac should be
applied to this cut edge of the bark
and also a half-Inch or so on trie sap
wood before the tar and creosote oil
Is applied The coal-tar and creosote
are the ordinary commercial materials
purchased at the paint stores. The
mixture should be made as thick as a
very thick paint and is best applied
with a stiff brush. The wounds should
be kept painted annually until Ihey
are healed.
Grafting May Hasten Recovery.
The recovery of badly broken trees
can be hastened somewhat by insert-
ing grafts according to the usual
methods of grafting fruit trees, though
perhaps the grafts may not always be
In the usual positions. Cut stubs can
be grafted with two or more scions*
either of the same or of a new
variety. The scions for this purpose
should be saved while the trees are
still perfectly dormant, but the graft-
ing is best done while the buds are
swelling.
Large Injuries on the trunks of the
trees can be covered by bridge graft-
ing. Tills consists of Inserting long
whip-like scions shove and below the
wound so as to completely bridge It
over. By this method the trees can
he greatly strengthened. It may be
necessary to cut hack the tops even
more than ordinarily to prevent the
wind from pulling the grafts out, and
possibly to support the grafted tree
top by posts and wires after the
method used in supporting telegraph
poles. The coal-tar creosote tree paint
should never be used In contact with
the cut surfaces of grafts, but only
grafting wax. since this tree paint will
kill the cut surfaces and prevent the
union of the scion and the stock. Farm-
ers' Bulletin 71ft. Bridge Grafting of
Fruit Tn'os. contains information re-
garding this practice.
All the pruning and tree surgery
above suggested, except the grafting,
should be done during the dormant
season before the buds swell and the
bark begins to slip. The grafting, on
the other hand, should he done after
the buds begin to swell and as S"on
as possible after the bark heglns to
slip, using selfma. hewerer, that are
perfectly A*rnas*t
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Garnett, A. J. The Independent. (Cashion, Okla.), Vol. 14, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 20, 1922, newspaper, April 20, 1922; (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc107559/m1/4/: accessed April 24, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.