WHO
QUEEN
T Is tht privilege of a queeu to bo ladles of the bedchamber are women
ministered to by ladles in whose of great social gifts and charm, and
some of the noblest are rather the queen's friends than her
veins flows
 lood among her subjects; and when,
s in Queen Alexandra's case, she cau
all each aristocratic servitor a per-
onal and devoted friend, bound to her
s much by tics of affection as of ioy-
Jty, she is indeed to be envied.
There is perhaps no greater lady in
Ji the peerage than the duchess of
luccleueh, who is proud to.be mistress
•f
servants.
The duties arc both light and pleas-
ant, involving a residence at court
rarely exceeding six weeks, which is
made as agreeable to them as possl-
ELECTRICITY IN WAR.
I ii|>lil i:\tetiNlon <
rioua Fort I lie
f It* I In the Yn-
An interesting instance of the rapid
extension of the use of electricity is
ble, whether amid the ceremonial of I furnished by the fortifications distrib-
Windsor and Buckingham palace or in ,
the peaceful environment of Balmoral.
All their expenses, except those of ;
DhPlha OF LIQUIDS*
j tntijue nml I'rculliir Appnratna fo 
J mi nii I iiu I iiui'orN*il lr Tmikf
h ml Hvwer vwira,
' A firm in Dublin, Ireland, is making
' an instrument wherewith the depth of
a liquid in a distant and inaccessible
tank may be easily ascertained. Of
! course, if the apparatus was on the same
| level as the reservoir it could be ar-
ranged on the principle oi the water
| gauge on a steam boiler. Then tho
height of the surfaces in both places
would be the same. Hut for the purpose
here named, something else is required.
The iiuid may be stored underground,
and the man who wants to know the
condition of his supply may be in an
engine room or office several feet high-
TWJ YOUNG MEN AND THE COOK.
the robes to her majesty. The dress, are borne by the queen, and,
laughter, sister, wife and aunt of , as the ladies are usually chosen from I works,
••ukes^she has every qualification for { those who aro not too liberally pro-
utod along our coast. A few years ago er Up
the electric light was introduced to add ln , h(. dnlwln rcs(?rvolr ,3 fhown
to the comfort ot the garrisons and to ■ thp kf, ham| am, (ho thomet<r 
provide better illumination of the [ at t|lp r|„|lt
ter office which exalted rank can give
ler; and when we add to this that
■he I3 tall, stately and handsome, a
[ueen of society and a wonian of rare
:harm and many gifts, and that she
fas an Intimate friend of our late
lueen, as she Is of Queen Alexandra,
c
vided for, the salary Is a very com-
fortable addition to their private
means.
The two extra ladles of the bed- '
chamber are usually peeresses whose
days of active service are practically
over, and whose reward is a sinecure
office with an acceptable salary at-
tached. The two extra ladles of Queen
Alexandra arc much older than her
majesty, and were among her earliest
friends and attendants when she first
came to us a "radiant brido from lie- |
yond the seas."
Of the four bedchamber women the
most notable Is Hon. Charlotte Knol-
lys, the daughter of Lord Knollys, who
for many years has been an lntlmatt j
and highly-trusted companion of th«
queen. Unlike the other ladies, Miss
Knollys is ln constant atendance on
her majesty, acts as her amanuensis
and Is Indispensable ln a hundred
ways.
Of the maids of honor there ar« |
four, all beautiful and gifted, and in
every way charming. Two of them
are the lovely twin daughters of cl>«
late Lord Vivian, to whom tho queen
Is greatly attached. They are always
when possible, in attendance together,
and by the queen's wish dress exact'
ly alike. A very gifted young tadj
Is Hon. Mary Dyke, daughter of Sii
William Hart Dyke, whose musical
t is clear that she has exceptional ' skill and sunny gayety are highly val
luallficatlons for her high office. tied by the queen; and Hon. Sly vis
The mistress of the robes Is chief Edwardes. who was a favorite ol
>f all the queen's ladles and a brilliant Queen Victoria, is almost equal!)
tnd Imposing figure at all state '■ere- clever and charming.
monlals, while, in addition to the man- To the maids of honor falls tht
'fold duties of her position, she en- agreeable duty of acting in turn as ih<
(oys the doubtful privilege of giving a queen's companions; they read, Bins
<tate dinner on the evening of the I and play to her, and generally enter-
opening of parliament, and of being i tain her. They freqently accompanj
*ttired in black when In attendance at ! her on drives and walks, share hei
lourt. j hobbles, from fancy work to phoiog
Next in Importance to the mistress raphy, and, in short, fulfill their mis-
of the robes come the four ladies of slon In life by being pretty, amiabie
the bedchamber, who are rarely of less helpful and amusing. The lot of tin
rank tham that of countess. Unlike maids of honor is indeed an enviabli
the mistress of the robes, whose ap- I one, for when they marry they recelv<
■jointment is political, these ladles are i the welcome dower of £1,000, they ari
ippolnted by the queen, and are usual- entitled to the description of "honor
ly either personal and dear friends or able" for the rest of their lives, art
;he wives or daughters of distill- | practically assured of a suite of roomi
Jtuished men who have established a at Hampton court and a probabli
:laim to royal gratitude. j place In the royal household for thtii
The countess of Antrim, for in- j husbands.
•itance, was the daughter of the lato Indeed, apart from the great honor
Berald Grey, an old and dear friend the profit and pleasure of being one ol
■of Queen Victoria, and Lady Gosford the "queen's ladies," they are ahvayi
is a daughter of the duchess of Man- assured of the royal favor and every
:hester, one of the most intimate thing that it means ln the way of un
friends of the royal family. All four failing kindness and consideration.
, , . The two Important l'ea-
Once a generating plant had | tures of „)e ]nUer arc a smaM taclo
been installed there was at hand a sup- for flul(i at the hot(om am1 fln upHght
tube rising out of It. This Is really a
gauge glass, and Its length should bo
==a
sup
ply of power in a convenient and eas-
ily controllable form, and this led to
its use for purposes which were con-
templated at the time the plant was
installed. Electric fans have been put
in to make the living quarters more j
comfortable in hot weather, and elec-
tric motors have been adopted fortrain-
ing the guns, a class of work for which
they are particularly well adapted. Mo- j
tors are used to drive the ammunition ;
hoists and do other work which be-
fore had either been done by hand or
some less satisfactory power. Search- |
lights have been installed, enabling i
a fortification to sweep the sea at
night.
The various posts of the fortress are j equal to the full depth of the distant
connected together by telephone.so that J tank. A vertical air chamber also rises
I
Till. DKI'TIIOMKTKK
DUCHESS OF nUCCLEUf'H.
!Mlstress of the Robes to Her Majesty,
Queen Alexandra.)
the commandant is in touch at all times I out of the gauge reservoir and connects
with the entire garrison, and can in- j with a pipe leading to the distant tank,
stantly transmit orders to any point. If the latter is open to the atmosphere
The various fortifications along the the connections of the "depthometer"
coast are tied together by telephone | are made in the manner shown by the
and telegraph, so that on the appear- j solid line; but if It is tight and sub-
anee of the enemy at any point all the j jeet to pressure the arrangement in-
fortifications would be informed of it. j dlcated by dotted lines is adopted.
Submarine mines are controlled elec- j Without fully explaining the principle
trlcally, and even tho guns may be employed, It may be said that In actual
fired by this means, by an officer at , operation a man merely raises and low-
some distant point. By me ins of wire- j ers the little pump handle seen at tho
less telegraphy a fortification ean be j extreme right. Thereby he compresses
kept In touch with the scouting ves- the air ln the chamber and forces tho
sels, and would be informed of the ap- j fluid to rise in the gauge. If It be de-
proach of the enemy long before he Is ! sirahle to reduce the scale for any rea-
vislble from the coast. The telauto- j son, a heavy liquid, like mercury, can
graph may he brought Into service for j be employed in the "depthometer." No
transmitting orders, and electric sig- \ floats or moving parts are used in tho
nallng lights are replacing the older vessels whose degree of fullness Is In-
types. Electric lights light the j dlcated, a fixed pipe of small bore being
range-finder stations; and electrii j all that is required. The apparatus Is
clock circuits furnish accurate time to said to do its work with surprising ac-
all parts of the fortifications. To In | curacy.
sure tho continuity of these manifold \
services, accumulators are now In-
stalled, so that there will at all times j
be a constant and reliable supply of i
power. Thus, from being at first a j
small auxiliary, the electrical equip- j
ment has extended until It Is now prob-
ably the most important part of tho
Find Auoilirr l u it outer*
Two \ cuing Mi ti went into a Cook's shop under pretense of buy
itiR meat. While the Cook's back was turned, one of them snatched
up a piece of beef, and gave it to his companion, who put it under hi?
cloak. The Cook, turning round again, missed the beef and charger
them with the theft. "I haven't got it," said he who had taken it. "I
nave taken none of your meat," said lie who had it. "Look here,'
aid the Cook, "which of you has stolen my meat I can't say, but o
his I am sure, between you both there's a thief and a couple of ras
Moral An hon« st man * word .s nj K<>otl as
hut will cheat and lit. why should heacruppl
Mm oath; and so 1st a rogue's, too, for h*
? to lorsuear himself.
THE FOODLhSS FOOL.
• fl'Nt 'I'll IIIU III till* 111
Tenuntu Inhibited
"lluHouse.
 f ♦•naffy"
t lie
As the party of visitors passed through
.lie cell lined corridor of the state asy-
lum for the insane they heard a strange
sound issuing from one of the barred
windows. It manifestly was uttered by I malt vinegar, which is said to impart
MALT AND CIDER VlhEGAR.
The I.utter |  Almost Unknown In
4*r«*iit llrltulii, Thonwli Apple*
Are PI en 11 (til.
The American consul in Manchester.
England, comments on the fact that
in (Ireat Britain cider vinegar is almost
unheard of. The great reliance there is
THE STARS AS GUIDES.
ily \V«
«*MN<*1«
Ith
entire equipment of
Scientific American.
the fortress —
ILLUMINATED CROSS.
TH'E ART OF SMOCKING.
Mother Who linn Mantereil It Seed
\ever Worry About Trliitnilntf •
for C'biltlreu'M Frock*.
"Smocking Is one of the prettiest dec-
orations possible for children's frocks
*nd aprons, and is equally appropriate
for cotton suits and shirts for women,
as it launders beautifully and lasts for-
ever."
"But it is so difficult to learn how to
lo it!" said the mother of a youthful
family, who took great pleasure in mak-
.--/I
J
7—
s—
7
a
6...
6
S
/<J..
>o
/!..*
/2..
principle of smocking,
lug little garments. "1 have puzzled
hand side, I caught two of the crease,
folds marked 1-1 in the diagram togethe.
at the edge with two or three over-and
over stitches. Then, passing the need!
under the second fold, I brought it outi
third of an inch below, and repeatei
the same stitch with the folds market
2-2, bringing the needle out at the firs
2 and passing it down underneath ti
No. 3, and joining it again with the sam
stitch to 3 on the first fold, then passini
the needle under the 3 to No. 4, takini
the stitch to the opposite 4. afterwan
going up In the same way to 5-5, then 6-J
and so on.
"The whole principle is first to Itee]
equal distances, which is easy to do witl
the eye when the folds are creased even
ly, and secondly, to preserve the elas
ticity which renders smocking so pret
ty and desirable, by always followlngthi
fold on the wrong side when taking ai
upward or a downward stitch. If, a
sometimes happens, this is imprac
ticable, the stitch should be fastened a
the point where It is caught together am
cut off. I hope I have been able ti
make this plain to you. and that yon wil
j try smocking those little aprons wit]
j rod cotton, or white, if you prefer, fo
• when you have once learned how to do It
j you will find It Is the quickest and pret
i tlest way to ornament children;
| clothes."—N. Y. Tribune.
Ortrt Crtea Hoard til Cairo.
I In oriental countries the recklessnes
of drivers of vehicles and their disre
gard for foot passengers is very marked
but in Cairo they have a series of curl
otis cries with which they warn a foot
man. They specify the particular par
of his anatomy which is in danger, a
thus: "Look out for thy left shin, t
uncle." "Boy, have a care for the littl
toe on thy right foot." "O, blind bcggai
| look out for thy staff." And the blin.
; beggar, feeling his way with the stal
j in his right hand, at once obedlentl
| turns to the left. "O, Franklsh womat
.Modern Oriiamcni
Steeple* linnet
F.lcclrlm I
in of t'burrb
a Cnlqne
Au Illuminated cross at the top of a
church steeple can be seen from a great
distance and presents a very pleasing
spectacle; but such illumination is
seldom provided owing to the difficulty
of reaching the lamps when they need
repairs. The expense of hiring a
"Steeple Jack" to replace a lamp when-
ever it burns out would obviously far
outweigh the artistic benefits derived
from such Illumination. However, an
invention recently patented by Joseph
A. Blenke, of Covington, Ky., provides
a very simple means of gaining access
to the lamps. The means used will be
comprehended by a glance at the ac-
companying illustrations. It will be ob
The stars have always been the
guide-posts of the sea, but only re-
cently ha!< a device been invented by
| which they are accurately identified,
i In an overcast sky they will appear
| for a moment and then lose themselves
behind a cloud. The mariner must by
guess or by some diagram of his own
work out his location from them. The
new invention consists of a star map
over which swings a transparent scale,
and it revolves from the point located
on the map as the north pole. On thia
scale arc engraved the circles ot alti-
tude and the lines of bearing. From
j this map, by a slight calculation, and
by revolving the transparent scale tin-
I til it is opposite certain figures indi-
cated on the map, the ship's location
can be instantly taken. The name of
this, particular star is obtained easily
by reference to the nautical almanac
by a guide on the chart.
This seemingly simple device is al-
ready In use on the American line
and the Red Sea line of steamers, and
a human voice, but there was blended ill
it the neigh of a horse, the moo of a cow,
the bleat of the lamb and the cackle of
the hen. Noting the looks of wonder-
ment on the faces of those he escorted,
'he atendant hastened to explain the
strange medley of barn sounds, relates
the New York Tribune.
"That," he said, "is the most interest-
ing case we have ever had here, and
though It's the first of Its kind we ex-
pect several more within a short time.
He Is> the l'oodless food case. Come
nearer and we will view him to more ad-
vantage, for he Is very docile and not
annoyed by visitors."
Approaching the cell and gazing in,
the visitors saw that it was built In the
form of a horse stall, the floor belngcov-
ered with straw. Crouched on this, on J
ill fours, and alternately chewing the,
straw and grains of corn, which lie
found in It by pawing with one hand.
firmness to tho sour pickles made ln
Kngland, says the New York Tribune.
The consul could not say that elder
vinegar Is not used In some sections of
England, but he adds: "Usually if you
mention cider vinegar to people they
express surprise that anyone could use
it, and even the cldermaker who called
on me the other day said Ills firm did not
make elder vinegar for sale, but if they
had a little elder that had fermented, he
used the vinegar at his own house.
"1 wrote last year to a lllrminghum
gentleman, who owns a large farm in
I Herefordshire, and always lias delicious
cider at his home made from his own
apples, concerning cider vinegar, but he
had never heard of such vinegar, and re-
ferred me to a firm of cidermakers in
Herefordshire. When I wrote to this
firm I asked why so little cider vinegar
was used in Kngland. The member of
the firm who replied to me said that be
was a man who uttered a clucking sound J had used elder vinegar in his own house
similar to that of a lien looking for food | for many years, considering it superior
'Iceaslonally he would try to scratch hlsl for salads and fancy cooking to any of
left ear with his left foot. "I will call | the malt products obtainable, but did
him so that you may examine more nil ] not know why cider vinegar had not
nutely into the peculiar aspects of hi.-; been made In England.'"
'id case," said the attendant, and on hi- j Owing to the failure of the apple crop
making an uncouth sound the man in England this year, there Is an un-
hoped to the barred door and raised him-1 usual demand for the foreign article
served that the incandescent electric j ,e,Very n™' reportB B",<ces9 " '•
lamps are mounted on belts which are 1 ",e res,llt of many ypars 8,mly an''
stretched over pulleys. The vertical h"d Ia,b°r °"the F"1 °f.Dr' Geis!nS"r,
and two horizontal arms of the cross arc ! %V e , ,a ' ,B' "n after the work-
each provided with a separate belt. The j "1B, ' l,efn milde and found
arrangement is such that the low est pul
ley of each belt may be easily reac
satisfactory
difficulty arose.
It
h | seemed impossible to duplicate by any
from the base of the cross. The lamps
are inclosed in a glass case having the
look out for thy left foot." "O, burden
bearer, thy load Is ln danger." "O, wate
carrier, look out for the tall-end of th
pigskin water bottle."
Dver the directions given In art books for
the English method and the American
method, and they all seem to me hope-
lessly complicated."
"I felt that way myself at first," said
the friend who had suggested the smock-
ing of some new aprons. "I puzzled over
Ihe different directions in vain, and
Bnally gave it up. One day, however, 11 ally and intellectually,
■at down with a bit of cambric and some , physically.
linen floss, and Invented a method of my  .
own, which was perfectly simple and i Kelwhbnrlr.
"Good morning, Mrs. Smith
True llraalr Cnltur*.
Oon't think It enough to be a beauty
in order to approach perfection a worn
an should try to improve herself mor
well a
I cam
ironted satisfactorily. I will try to ex-
plain It to you. I first creased my mu - rnake a neighborly call."
itn In vertical lines about a third of an j "Indeed! What do you want to boi
Inch apart, then, beginning on the left, row?"—Chicago American.
electric ciiritrii moss
shape of a cross. The glass is preferably
ground or frosted, so as to diffuse the
light and distribute it more evenly in
the form of a cross.
When for any reason it is desired to
gain access lo any one of the lamps the
tower is ascended, and the belt on which
the lamp Is mounted may be reached
through a door in the casing near the
base. On pulling this belt the lamp
will be drawn down to within reach of
the hand. The wires through which
the current Is fed to the lamps have
sufficient slack to permit the belt to be
moved lo a limited extent. After the
lamp has received the necessary atten-
tion or been replaced by a new one, the
series of lamps may be again returned
to the normal position by drawing on
the belt. All parts of the Illuminated
cross are thus rendered readily accessi-
ble to the electrician —Scientific Amer-
ican.
mechanical means the transparent in-
dicator. No engraver could be found
who was willing to undertake the work
of reproducing exactly the fine lines
and figures on this scale, the use of
which depended entirely on accuracy.
The inventor immediately went at the
task of planning a machine which
would make the desired lines, and after
infinite labor he constructed a mechan-
ical device which engraves on the scale
exactly Ihe lines of his ingenious
original model. World's Work.
A Xen 11 nlilier Suhntllnl*.
Gulta-joolatong is a comparatively
new material which is utilized as a sub-
stitute for and In conjunction with
■Jndia-rubber. It is a product of the
East Indies, chiefly the Island of Bor-
neo. and in the form in which it is im-
ported Is described as "whitish In color,
looking something like marshmallow
candy, smelling strongly of petroleum
and oxidizing on exposure to the air
becoming hard." The same description
says: "It Is not a substitute for gutta-
percha <ir India-rubber, but is used
chiefly as a filler In manufactures of in-
dia-rubber gum and gutta-percha." Its
Importation has Increased from <1.500,-
000 pounds In 1899 to 14,000,000 pounds
In 1903.
Kntnl In a fiooil Cumtomer,
Natal bought nearly $l,0uu,oou worth
of American flour last year, $1 CO,000 of
hardware, $155,000 of agricultural Im-
plements and machinery, $119,000 of
electrical appliances, $102,000 of hoots
and shoes, $015,000 of preserved meats
and fish.
Uulnlne for Policemen.
Chills and fever are common In
Shanghai. This has caused the au-
thorities to issue an order to the ef-
fect that every member of the police
force shall take a three-grain quinlnt
I'lll every morning before breakfast.
self to a semi-erect posture with dilli-
culty.
"You will observe," said the attend-
ant, as the man began gnawing at an
^ar of uncooked corn which the attend-
ant had passed through the grating,
"that his teeth are no longer long anX
pointed like ours,but flat and broad lik"
those of cattle and herbivorous animals.
His mind is completely gone. He dis-
plays animation only at the sight of
food, when he frisks, jumps and cavorts
and gives vent to those sounds which
you have just heard. Occasionally we
turn him out to graze on the lawn, and
for the most part his food consists of
bran mixed with water into a mush, and
the dried husks of oats or corn. He is
particularly fond of the chaff left after
the thrashing of wheat, and, of course
likes greatly raw turnips, beets, cab-
bnges and other vegetables. He eat;
most of Ills foo'l from the manger yo?
see in yonder corner. We sprinkle th<
corn in the stall so that he, ln huntin:
for it, will get the exercise necessary for
his health.
"To what is this pitiable spectacle
due?" asked a man who was taking
notes.
Tal Ing the visitor to the clerk's of-
fice the attendant from a large volume
r *ad the following extract:
"Foodless food, No. 1. First ate In
vegetarian restaurant, just for ♦he fun
of it. Continued dallying with tempter
until he became a confirmed vegetarian
restaurant habitue. From that drifted to
foodless foods. Ate all he saw adver
tised; tried to Induce his wife, relative
tnd friends to do likewise. Sold out hir-
business, and, devoting the proceeds to
buying foodless food, left his family to
-t.nrve while lie began a crusade agains*
the use of meat by the poor. Disap-
peared for several months. One morn-
ing was found on hands and knees pr
lng grass in Central Park. Has spo! en
ouce since coming here. Heard visitor
ask: 'What is it?' Replied: 'Foodbss
fool.' "
I* operate Villain.
"Alas! all Is lost," he moaned as he
left the home of his adored. "She has
cast me out into this cold world. 1 must
have revenge." And he forthwith filled
hir face full of smoke from an Egyptian
cigarette and blew It through the key-
hole. (Shrieks, oaths, call for the am-
bulance and police.)
"Bah Jove. 1 did not reckon on such
havoc, don't you know. I am an as-
sassin. - Butte Inter Mountain.
That circumstance leads the consul to
remark:
"A cldermaker tells me that 10 or
12 years ago there was a good deal of
American cider Imported Into this dis-
trict. and the American methods of pre-
paring it were then, he admits, superior
to English methods. Some of this Amer-
ican cider had, he says, owing to the
fact that It was shipped 111 barrels which
had formerly held rye whisky, a flavor
which was very much liked. British
cidermakers, he claims, have to-day not
only learned all the American methods
for elder perfection, but have Improved
on these processes so much they believe
they now prepare cider better than the
Americans do, and that this is proven
by the decrease In consumption here ol
the American cider and the increase in
the consumption of Bngllsli cider. At
any rate, the English maintain that it
they do not produce a better cider, it is
a cider better suited to English taste
for most of the American cider is of too
light a quality. The English elder has
greater body than the American, and
English cider drinkers want a very
heavy cider, just us English bee
drinkers want a heavy beer."
World-Olil llniiillcruft.
The "hot pepper" seller of Mexico
Is a merchant who derlver'hls liveli-
hood from the fact that the Mexican
must have his peppers, whatever elst
he may deny himself. They ari
brought to his door by the country-
man, or he may go to the market
place and find them spread out lor sals
on matting. The market man, whlli
dressed Inexpensively as far as hli
bodily garb is concerned, wears in near
ly every instance an elaborate heai
covering. Some of these Mexicans own
hats that cost as much as the rest ol
their wardrobes. The pride of tht
white man ln his Panama Is not to hi
compared to that of the Mexican it
his sombrero. It Is a racial character-
istic which flndB its counterpart in thi
apron of the Portuguese onion Feller
Her occupation may be lowly, but hei
apron might be that of a woman ol
higher degree plush edged with fm
Is not uncommon.—Everybody's Maga
zinc.
Work of American Piictorlra.
rive hundred' thousand fartorles li
the United States add $5(10,000.000 ii
value to 13,000,000,000 of raw material
and their net output, exclusive of dupll*
cation. It more than ts.ooo.noo.ooo.