Oklahoma Leader (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 2, No. 294, Ed. 1 Monday, July 24, 1922 Page: 3 of 6
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OKLAHOMA LEADER
WORK FOLLOWS TEACHERS JOIN
BURLESON TIP' MEXICAN LABOR
Delivers Blow at Postoffice Went On Strike In Torreon—
Employes' Wages. Were, Discharged.
WASHINGTON, July 24. — After
four months in office, Postmaster
General Hubert Work has delivered
bis first blow at the wages of post-
office employes, reversing the policy
of Will II. Hays on this question.
"Employes of the postoffice de-
partment," he says in a press bulle-
tin, "have received substantial sal-
ary increases since 1918, according
to a report submitted to the post-
master general by Cbas. A. Kram,
comptroller of the postoffice depart-
ment. The increases now approxi-
mate one-fourth o£ the entire postal
revenue."
After reciting the three acts of
congress which have raised the pay
of postoffice workers in the past
fbur years, he says. "The additional
cost to the postoffice department for
five years, based on the rates of
compensation payable, under these
acta, as compared with the ,1918 rate,
amounts to $450,371,600."
This statement ignores the funda-
mental cause of the increases in the
tour years, the fact that for a score
of years there was no increase in
pay to overcome increases in the
cost of living, and the further fact
„that Burleson, as czar or the depart-
ment, had waged a vindictive and ef-
fective war against the payment of
a living wage to the postoffice work-
ers. After thousands of the veterans
had been forced out of the service
congress kicked Burleson aside and
began the restoration of the service
toy establishing at-Jeast a semblance
of decent pay.
Now Work, under the advice of
Comptroller Kram, who flourished
under Burleson, is starting to wreck
the morale once more by a propa-
ganda against the "additional cost to
the department," of the living wage.
Debs Would Ban Clubs
And Guns From Prisons
TRACY, Cal.—A railroad guard
here clubbed an Associated Oil com-
pany truck driver who innocently
tried to cross a railroad track near
the Southern Pacific shop. A crowd
of strikers started to chase the
guard, who was rescued by a special
*gent of the S. P., stripped of his
Vadge, and sent back to Stockton.
By Federated Press.
MEXICO CITY, July 24.—The Na-
tional league of Teachers, with
members in every state and munic-
ipality of Mexico, has Joined the
Mexican. Confederation of Labor.
This atfllon resulted from the inabil-
ity of the teachers to enforce de-
mands against school authorities in
various parts of the republic.
In the city of Torreon the teach-
ers recently went on strike because
the municipal government was in ar-
rears in thdir wages. They claimed
it was unfair to expect teachers to
continue work without pay. The
sti iking teachers were discharged.
In the state of Sinaloa and at Guada-
lajara the teachers' league has been
making ineffectual efforts to have
discharged members reinstated.
In the agreement effected two days
ago between representativs oi work-
ers and teachers, the latter agreed to
land moraj and peclliary assostantce
to strikers of the workers while the
former agreed to back just demands
of the teachers with direct action.
The teachers are not obliged to de-
clare sympathetic strikes.
The alliance between the workers
and teachers la- an important step in
the process of freeing education from
capitalistic control; as well as evi-
dence of a rapidly growing con-
sciousness in Mexico of the common
interests of all workers.
BOARD MEMBERS SELL
COAL FOR SCHOOL USE
CHICAGO, .July 24.—Investigation
is being made by Assistant State's
Attorney Earnest Hodges, into
charges that eight Chicago coal con-
cerns which furnished the city with
fuel for the schools, substituted in-
ferior coal and g&ve short weights.
Records of the erght companies
have been demanded by the state's
attorney following the request of
public accountants auditing the
school board's books. Two men have
already been indicted under recom-
mendation by the auditors.
Investigation has disclosed that
members of the school board own
fjtock in some of the coal companies
furnishing the board with coal.
(Continued /rom I'age One)
engages their attention at all.
The wardenf.aip oi h federal or a
state prison, is, in my opinion, of
more importance to society than the
presidency of a college.
The latter 4s chosen with at least
some reference to his character and
his qualifications for the position, lfl
whereas the warden Is usually <he prUouerj.ho^UerapU to
awarded his ofTice in return for his ttJCaP<
political services irrespective of his i
litness to hold a position that has to
passed from the gun to the club!
I have reference here to the
guards within and not those who
hurround the walls, for the latter in
their watchtowers are still armed
with rifles and" under orders to shoot
to kill the inmate who may try to
BUSINESS DAYKiMY
as the Government sees it
. pmspapep ay J?alphF Gwcm >
escape.
I must digress here to say n word
do with the welfare of human beings.
The president of a college has su-
pervision of an institution in which
young and normal people are dealt
The very moment th
"count," which is taken several
times a day, tells of his escape u si-
ren, known as the 'escape whistle,'
is blown and continues to screech at
intervals for a considerable time.
This is the signal for the farmers
BUSINESS GAINS MEASURED BY POSTAL TOTS
Improvement and Decline, Month by Monlhj Shown By
Stamp Sales in SO Larqa&t Cities ^
PROPORTION OP CHANGE OVER PRECE0IN& MONTH
PEffg?N°sF iN2REA^E i RECEIPTS
lf| f I T ' jOfclTTSEffi ]
! S3?, IG^OOO w ■
Employers Aim at Wage Cut
of 20 to 30 Per Cent.
with, and Who readily understand i!> the surrounding vicinity to rtfsh
and embrace the opportunity afford- j -• «« >• 'or their .hotguna and r 'les
ed them to secure educational ad- j ""d Join 111 m!u!
vantages to fit tuem for the 8trug- which a priie Ib R rded to the lucky
gle of life | °ne who stalks the quarry.
The warden of a prison, on the dollars, deM 01 " '"J
other hand ta In charge and bus al- | J'' „lld , J,,1,
most absolute powei ovei the life .. . J f. h j,. it
and destiny of thousands of human •" * "rtUlpa.e In It
beings, some of whom are subnorm- .
..I ... .... Vi ft i* n f ftf f Im lima
al, most of whom have, for the time
. . ., . . , ..| 1 shall not stop tj give here
at least been broken and beaten In , U) elev:,tfnB In
the battle of life and all of whom 1
are in need of such humane and in-
telligent uuderstaning and treatment
as la necessary to retrieve their lost
character and standing, reinvest
them with self-respect and restore
them to society fitted for useful
service to themselves and their fel-
lowmen.
But how many are there who take
liuence of such sportsmanship
I It is nothing loss than tslly, and
I ofttimes sucidal, for a prison*!' to
I attempt to escape, whatever the
temptation may be, for it is next to
impossible for him to make his way
through the lines.
If he should vield to the natural
impulse to break the Nrads that hold
him in captivity and is recaptured ho
tVtAV TI
OOP j
APRIU
$32.000,000
"MARCH
24,137.000
FEBRUARY
2Q. 53^000
JANUARY
♦20,003.000
a £26, 670,000 •
NOVEMBER
j75Q,Q0q
_ OCTO'.tU
Mi $21,« :><*.poo
SEPTEMBiR
♦So. yre.ooQ
AUGUST
1419.263.000
J u uv
l 7. 500,000
JUNE
9,151.000
M A V
FAGE THRE1
11;, 'I
t" i << .mi- ir t h |
• n. ; ;il 1 11. •• i if. ,imi.- tlj. y nutlirT
' I
suited to the workers.
Heady to Hj ht.
|
" M '• liii.ur coiim i; ur N
South Wales says:
"It would seem evident tnat
employers are delibetately iryinft
I
vatlon is by instinct revolutionary
;'nri if the employers want rcvdluttoT
t ii« i i _;h
|
Australia will leave n > stone union
• d to organize its foreejj for 'he coni
truggl< 11 tii • • mployers ar|
determined tn fight they will ge
il t>l
|
will not be long.'
"Why Do We Say'
I I letQ. SOA.OOOI | I I I I I 1
"COPYRIGHT 1924 BY SCIENCE SERVICE, WASHINGTON.PC
By W. FRANCIS H. EHF-RN
Federated Prwss Staff l'orre*i>oiident.
j 8VDNKY, N. S. Wales. July 24.
Omens all point to Australia noon be -
' ing involved in an industrial war!
I which may develop Into ft struggle, i
• such as those in Europe, to ovei -
j throw the existing • conomic order.
I The trouble is being forced upon
| the workers by (he employers. wt<
| are heading a drive to sn\ ish tin j
trade unions, reduce wages Increa.so .
i the hours of toll, sabotage ti.e work-
ing conditions, and tne standard of
living of the workers tn that coun AnntRIi"
try. The smploysi ttaeb rest —, * -
i bits the "open shop" drive of Amort- ! rhough most vessels are now coil
[-OS launched in 1920. Wrueted of stee), it \a still the <
The employers are rftnlnfi at wage I tom i" say "go aboard" to tho4
I cut of between 20 md 30 per cen . ready to enter a ship.
(They consider the present moment, Originally, the word "board" mead
when unemployment is at ts peal the side of a ship In tha days whe|
and likely to remain so during the all vessels were built of wood.
I winter, an opportune lime i"i bring- j It is interesting to trace the mead
1 ing about "normalcy in of the < xpression. The Icelanfl
l ao- Oniladght* "bord" meant the side <>f a ship, i
The workers in all Key Industrb also did the word in Celtic and tfc|
iron, steel, coal and nianufactuilng Anglo-Saxon "bord" was the side i
Industries are facing the blgges*. on-1 a ship as well as a plank.
slaught against their wage aad hours : The primitive boat was a log whtol
several
forced
in-
uillt to be in any position of author- TT Q TTti' A
ity in the outside world, much )es* £ fL/aV.'! ILiVj
this view of the Importance of the | Illust pay tj,c eeverest "enally for his
character and the fitness of prison i in.advised attempt.
officials, and of the function and ; xhe guns on tho vails that sur
purpose for which the prison is round the prison accurately, though
maintained'' j unwittingly, index the true c! arflcter
When it is taken into account that 0f the penitentiary in our d ;y. It is
in the United States several hundred a killing institution i.i a moral
thousand men, women and children
pass through our prisons and are in-
fluenced for better or for evil by
their experiences in such institu-
tions, it should appear apparent to
even the most casual observer that
the priBon problem is one of the
most vital conccrns to the people,
well as in a physical sense. It is
designed to Break n:en r.nd not to
make them. If they are partly un-
done before they g6 to prison 'har
Institution will oomp'ete tne wreck-
ing process. The .r:.ny expressions
of bitterness, hatred and revenue I
heard from the lips of departing
xperien
stances they hav
strike.
The wages of meat workers have
been reduced 12 >6 per cent, rural
workers (shear rs and farm work-
ers) are down 2*) per cent; metal
miners, 20 per cenl; and loesei re-
, ductions In other trades. Big reduc-
I tlons are demanded in the wage* of
workers and coal
cent in tho former,
and 30 per cent in tho case f* the
ST LOUIS, July 24.—Results of | miners.
surveys in Lafayette and Saline f Opinion is current that within •
counties, Missouri, nave recently
WASH METHODS
Home Laundering Systems |ron ttnd 8ltel
Studied In Missouri. ! miners—25 per
had been .• 1 ooped out by tho procen
I
ni r .i 1 ui v< 'i "hord" on each side waj
the result.
and that thet prison as an institu- I prisoners who had served their «en-
Daily Fashion Hint
ACCEySSOKI ES
The ctifC and veat s«t la ferfandy
and poppy red ribbons. Skipping
to the hoae, the bared onca are
cotton and fiber In black and
white. Buff and brown chock, the
other, that la cuffed to wear with
one'a knickers. Blue and white
waahablo kid makes th« glove.
Strips of the kid aro woven to
achieve the checked effect of the
rauntieL
tlon should be maintained with jeal
ous care as to the character of the
officials who are to preside over it,
and as to the moral and physical
treatment of its inmates.
If the people non hi but analyze
the human equation of a prison tliey
might better account for the crimes
that are visited upon them in educa-
tion und equipment for .iust that sort
of retributive service from some pe-
nal institution.
Thepe was a time nots long ago
when prison guards were armed
with deadly weapons, when convicts
kept the lockstep in hideous stripes,
and w ere forbidden to speak or even
look at one another. Most prisons
have cutgrown these abominations
because it was realized that under
their brutal and degrading influ-
ences men were turned into sodden
beasts and subsequently settled their
account with society upon the basis
of the depth to which prison barbar-
ity had sunk them.
">l AN-Hl NT MOKK EXCITING
THAN FOX CHASK."
Prison guards at Atlanta and
my other penitentiaries have been
tences, left no doubt in my mind as
to the effect of prisofi life upon its
victims.
Hver since leaving the prison I
have been haunted by .those gun? 011
the walls, and thosj clubs In the
hands of guards wi*hln the wills
Neither the guns nor the clubs
should be there. To the extent hat
they serve at' all it i.-? in a brutaliz-
ing way which tends to prooiote
rather than restrain attempts to es-
cape, and causes lesser infractions
of the prison discipline.
DEBS WOULD ABOLISH
(.I NS AND CLl BS.
The gun and the club are the signs
and symbols of the- prison institution
and they proclaim its cruel * unction
to the world.
In one of my last, interviews with
Warden Dyche oefore leav r.g At-
lanta I took occasion lo relate to
him what I had seen of club rule in
the prison and why I felt that the
club should follow the guai out of
prison. v
I told him that only men hhonld be
allowed to serve us guards who
cenld control the prisoner: in theii
hurge through respect lor their
in a prison.
After associating l'rcely with those
convicts,'day in and Cay out, I knew
beyond any question of doubt that
they could be kept in far better or-
der. that their depor inent would b.i
Improved, and the morale of tho
prison elevated without the club to
remind them th^t tiuy were under
the rue and were ubjectat times to
its use in regulating their conduct -
One day we were marching lack beenltabulated"ny"extension workers i into a general strike, which promises I cost of 18 cents a pound, the oth«
to prison after oeing out in the ()I tj10 United Slates Department of to be the bitterest on reconl At the gained 206 pounds at a cort
yard. A few feet in f.dvance of me Agriculture, to show the n*ed for | Present time the union executive and I cents a pound.
an undersized and emaciated convicv demonstration work 10 improved
was shuffling alon^ 11 the line. It methods of washing ind ironing.
was rather warm and his Jumper was Valine county, only per cent of the
open at his neck. l'h<s was contrary pe0j,i0 sent the washing out
short time the workei ? will be forced
LOS ANGELES. July 21.—At a
i ichlblt held 1 ec< ntly at the close *
.1 pi * lub conducted by the bosfl
and girls' club agent In Rlvewitf
« ount>. 1 'alifornla, b;iii good and bal
I
were shown, with initial ard fin
weights, feeds, costs and gains
both typi Two pigs >ut of ti
pi.' li:i. 1 . each ! I ' •> d.i..s, well
ntered; oue gained 10 pounds st f
kred
In
to the rule, and a guard standing b>
gave liiiu a cruel punch with his club
tlint doubled up the prisoner with
pain, the guard yelling above
shriek of his victim, "Button
there!"
It was with difficulty that
house, 25 per cent still used the |
washboard, 40 per te.it usti! hand |
machines, and :13 per cent used pow- 1
l,lr er washers. The average tunc for
11 -f doing washing with a i>ower ma- .
chine was 2 hou.id,«as compi red with
hours with a washboard. In 10 '
been i
"THINGS THAT NEVER HAPPEN"
strained iny own feelings. 1 did not ( families where machines hrve
report the guard for the reason thai • purchased since the
j divested of their deadly weapons, character instead of through fear for
; nd are no longer permitted to bear the clubs tliey carried.
j them. j A man who can « ommand the. re-
| They now carry clubs. In fhe spect of other men oniv because he
march of prison progress we have ■ holds a club in his hand is totally
I had made up my miu4 from the be
ginning of my sentence to make no
individual complaint: while 1 was
within the walls, having col.eluded it.
would be better policy to accept the
situation as it was, and bide my tim
ey was
made, it is estimated that 2% hours
a Week or 133 houri a year, are
saved in each household.
In Lafayette county, 96 per cent of
the washing was don^ at heme. The
until I should be frci to register my j tub and washboard method was used
opposition to the whole prison sys- j,y 29 per cent, lrn.d-power ma-
tem- , . . • 1. n 1. chines by 34 per cent, 21 I er cent
(Copyright ^^ B«l! Syndl- ^ wtahll, ; mnchln08, an(i
Mr. Debs will discuss In his articic i 10 V"' cent had machine* operated ,
next Thursday, the .'.sgusting prison ^ "" electric motor. ( lotnes were |
food and how guard-, with clubs In handled 6 times on a,, aveiige. m
their hands preside over devotlonnl tor dolnB wfBhl,nf „b> "" 0
services. The dead, ning monotony . w">8 approximately half ot tha
and its demorallzln'' rest,Its will be j " °d to do It by tuo and wMhboard
points not overlooked ji the next ar- uiethod. j
J, , Similar comparisons etween band <
I ironing, both with and without ar
It is generally known in Lawrcil^f «lectr c iron, and ironing with a
that the representatives of the bosses j ,nan8je, were ma e. o ion -.)
pounds of clothes with an electric
are making a liQiise-to-house canvass | iron took hours and cost 32 ;
of strikers In an effort to set them j cents for electricity. To iron 25 |
10 resume worir as individuals de- | pounds with a mangle look 1 hour ]
i,pit6 the organisations. and used current worth 39 cents
5
f would VOU mimd
CEltTAlMur MOT: YOU
F0U6HT FOt AIL OF US-2VST
FOLLOW TO Mi OFFICE; WE
(SOT A 600D POSITION ..
VJUAITIAJ& F0& Y00..
HELPIW6 ME"
LITTLE
somee-
lUTBRjyWlOWAt CAO30W CO. U y
Quatemal^A.
_r
t
' (<
" ^ ■<4:" -
tho city h
0f population of 100,000, but It was de-
^arthquake In 1773,
troyed
* these It
are big crystals
rnonlaI— • f Hit
he pi
t important
regardcl
antial clt
ivppc
juestlons wttr
Kuest
rh« fa
y tha:
t from half a
Mr. Popenoe, Plant Explorer, Gives Some Impression
of His Late Trip Through This Ancient
Neighbor of Mexico.
By NORMAN C. McLOUD
c
IF there were prohibition enforce-
ment officers In Guatemala they
should have little trouble In enforc-
ing- the laws—If they had the laws
o enforce.
Gathering evidence as to the salo of
iquor to the Indians of that Central
\merlcan country should he a com-
paratively easy matter, according to
reports recently brought back by
Wilson Popenoe, plant explorer for
the United States Department of Agri-
culture. Mr. Popenoe ha* spent two
years In Guatemala, and knows
whereof he speaks. Furthermore, he
nas brought photographic proof.
In Guatemala the native bar room
•he cantina—Is known by the outdoor
heck room It keeps This check room
* at once an Invitation and a be-
rayal. In the land of the dry It would
achieve for a saloon both Its dolns and
ts undoing. The picture shown Is a
street scene In Antigua, sixty miles
from the Pacific Coast and 25 miles
Trom the railroad at Guatemala City,
•P.pltal of the country.
The packs and bundles belong to
Indian carriers, who. quite naturally,
:vere not visible at the moment. The
indlans are ths burden bearers of
Guatemala. In the regions removed
from the single three hundred mile
transcontinental railway these nativ
"Burning Water"
large number of the Indians
there la Irresistible appeal In the
pantina with Its flaming merchandise
of aquardiente. The potent forces
i staple native drink are such
vlded with a clean and comfortable
room and three meals a day—two of
the«mea.ls being five course dinners.
The food Is remarkable for its excel-
lence. Exchange rates have fluctuated
000. The city Is 5,100 feet above sea ^ince I was there and my expense un-
level and Is located In a valley ten thg prpvlliiinK rate8 would bo
miles In length and two miles wide. _ ! about -r> cen(a a day.
"During my stays at tho hotel at
various times I formed a close friend
ship with a fellow-student of plant
life. In the person of Joselito, the head
gardener. Josellto— or 'Little Jose
he 1b President of the Unltedr 8t tc« j tlm . The floor of the valley le a I !•„0(* th«" flow"™' •nd plant"
When solid series of coffee plantations "garden" !« In tho patio of the
tilde ; which product the flne.t coffee rrown | hote) an(J haJ a ,avlsh and |uxuriou
collection of roses violets, gladlola*
bougainvlllla, palrr
various tropical plants. Josellf
prlied because the high altitude : -work very „eriously. and la
Job every day with h
fully warrant th. iueraTtmn.l.tlon S nlJ hM b«" cn,,lr*'Lf,f "on'
,,. ... , Its present population Is about 20.-
burning water". Americans who 1
have made its acquaintance call It
"white eye" because of Its pure, wa-
tery clearness. "This valley Is a beautiful region
"It Is strong and cheap." declared 8a|,j popenoe. "It is flsnked by lofty |
Popenoe, "and four or five drinks of [-mountains, all of which have beer
It will make a national dictator out of | volcanoe« In their da One of them—
the mildest Guatemalan, or give th«<lthe small peak near the center of the
unassuming American a feeling that j picture—Is still active from time to
nlte *
and Central America as well.
the Indians leave their pack
and disappear Into the cantina they 1 jn Guatemala. The general average of
know nothing more of burdens of any \ Guatemalan coffee Is superior, and thej
sort till next day
"These cantlnas are as thick as the
waterfront saloon used to be In our
seaport cities, and the slgn-of-the-
pack Is not their only means of mak-
ing their presence known. Any one
of them may be spotted by the sense
of imell for a considerable diatanco.
and a prohibition officer could not
escape them If he tried."
The First Capital
Antigua la a city with much history,
ransport all freights on their sinewy , ita story dates back to IBIS, when it
backs. The packs seen In the picture was founded nn ths first capital of
product of this valley Is especially I"1?!1"®"
slow maturity, allowing the berry to
gather added flavor and aroma from
Its longor stay on the trees. In the
picture of the valley the cofTee trees
are not visible. The trees shown as
covering tho region are the cover
trees, grown for protection of the cof-
fee trees from the dan7er of sunburn "
nigh Cost Of Living Not rffectlve Here
on th
and garden tools. Many
gardener could learn aomethlng frc
this youngster."
A place of great interest to the ft
travelers who visit it Is the city
San Cristobal Vorapaz, 12B mil
Ouatemala City. This is strictly
Indian town, with n population
language
, 'as tho tribe is self-sufficient
cllned to learn Spanish.
A Peculiar Custom
and An ancient Custom which still pre-
kea valla Is the use of twenty as a unit of
counting. Instead of gong above
twenty the natives start all over at
that point and for forty count "two
for sixty "three twenties ,
are the burdens of these human the kingdom of Guatemala, embracing \ thla hotel rno g*:s r.-,-re fcr his money
'retohters. or of Indians who have all nf Central America m tar south i than any place I have ever seen In int* • i - avnt°,n';n_ v
-omV t« town with farm or garden as the Panama Canal. The Kingdom
One of the delights of a stay In ! 25.000 members of the Kekchl tribe
Guatemala Is the privilege of living s . This tribe Is one of tho most 1m-
the Hotel Rojas, a native hostelry "At portent of the 21 Indian tribes in
- atomala. The traveler Into the
Ouau
king Spanish It is
'Tor the addlt
pro duett.
i was a yloe-.royalty, votfer tho Byanlsh i equivalent of IL35 a day 1 wm ore neeaanary fop him {o Jearn
The Kekchles are progressive and
Industrious and among the most In-
telligent peoples In Guatemala They
are hones', clean an to personal hoblt,
patronize the schools for their chil-
dren. are fairly abstemious In the mat-
ter of Intoxicants and where they have
rot been spoiled by contact with the
outsider they are declared by Mr.
Popenoe to bo on a much hlghoT
il plans than most clvlllaod na-
soms I tlons.
"batldo," a native
ground chocolate
with black popper
served hot—In mor
and the drinker ta
calabash.
The reekla*sn worn by th'
are made of Guatemalan co
out of circulation becauso the
worth more than the face
the coinage
Witchcraft fttlll Prevalent
In one of the plnturos Instruments nV
of "Ilrujorla"^ or witchcraft aro i lUrator
) feet Shove sra l«vvel
ards of Avnrados or Al-
i on Its shores.
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Ameringer, Oscar & Hogan, Dan. Oklahoma Leader (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 2, No. 294, Ed. 1 Monday, July 24, 1922, newspaper, July 24, 1922; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc100081/m1/3/: accessed March 19, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.